Decoupling device of electric driving system, using method of decoupling device and vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, in particular to a decoupling device of an electric drive system, a using method of the decoupling device and a vehicle, a first bearing is mounted at a shaft neck of a gear, at least one one-way bearing is mounted between an input shaft and the gear, when the number of the one-way bearings is two, all the one-way bearings are arranged in parallel, and when the number of the one-way bearings is two, all the one-way bearings are arranged in parallel; an outer ring of the one-way bearing is matched with an inner hole of the gear, and an inner ring is in close contact with a shaft neck of the input shaft; the bearing cover is rotationally connected with the input shaft through a second bearing, and the bearing cover is fixedly connected with the gear through a bolt; a third bearing is arranged on the outer side of the bearing cover; thrust structures are arranged on the two sides of a shaft neck of the input shaft respectively, and the two thrust structures jointly play a role in axial positioning. When the main motor works independently, the auxiliary motor can be decoupled, the auxiliary motor and a transmission device of the auxiliary motor cannot be reversely dragged to participate in transmission, dragging loss and energy loss are reduced, and the transmission efficiency of the whole transmission system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of automobile technology, and in particular to a decoupling device of an electric drive system, a method for using the same, and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Heavy-duty commercial vehicles need to cope with a variety of complex working conditions during operation, such as heavy loads, climbing, and high-speed driving, which places extremely high demands on the performance of the power system. In traditional power system design, single-motor drive axles often have the following limitations when facing the above requirements due to their single power source:

[0003] The contradiction between insufficient power and performance optimization:

[0004] Traditional solution: In order to improve power performance, manufacturers tend to use more powerful motors and higher-speed reducers. However, this approach will significantly increase the overall size and weight of the drive axle, thereby increasing the total mass of the vehicle, affecting fuel economy and overall operating costs.

[0005] Advantages of dual motor drive axle:

[0006] Power output and flexibility: Compared with a single-motor drive axle, a dual-motor drive axle can provide greater power output and more flexible power distribution capabilities through the coordinated work of two motors (main motor and auxiliary motor). This design enables the vehicle to use power resources more efficiently when facing different working conditions.

[0007] Adaptability to working conditions: The design of the dual-motor drive axle allows the main motor to provide power continuously most of the time, while the auxiliary motor intervenes in specific working conditions that require high torque (such as vehicle starting and heavy-load climbing). It can be disconnected during high-speed cruising to achieve the optimal configuration of power output.

[0008] Current technical issues:

[0009] Lack of decoupling device: Most dual-motor drive axles are not designed with a dedicated decoupling device, which means that when the main motor works alone, the auxiliary motor and its transmission mechanism will still participate in the transmission process. In this case, the auxiliary motor may be dragged back, resulting in unnecessary energy loss and reducing the efficiency of the entire transmission system. The existence of this problem limits the potential of dual-motor drive axles in terms of energy saving and improving power performance.

[0010] Summarize:

[0011] The power system design of heavy-duty commercial vehicles is facing the challenge of how to achieve a balance between maximizing power performance and lightweight structure without sacrificing efficiency. Although the current solution has made some progress, there are still technical bottlenecks to be broken through in the optimization of the power distribution mechanism, especially in solving the decoupling problem between the main and auxiliary motors. The discussion of these issues not only involves the innovation of hardware structure, but also touches on the deep optimization of system control strategy and energy management. It is one of the key research directions for the development of heavy-duty commercial vehicle power systems in the future. Summary of the invention

[0012] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a decoupling device for an electric drive system, which can realize the decoupling of the auxiliary motor when the main motor works alone, will not reversely drag the auxiliary motor and its transmission device to participate in the transmission, reduce the drag loss and energy loss, and improve the transmission efficiency of the entire transmission system.

[0013] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for using a decoupling device of an electric drive system, which can achieve decoupling of the auxiliary motor when the main motor works alone, will not drag the auxiliary motor and its transmission device to participate in the transmission, thereby reducing drag loss and energy loss and improving the transmission efficiency of the entire transmission system.

[0014] Another object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle that can decouple the auxiliary motor when the main motor works alone, without dragging the auxiliary motor and its transmission device to participate in the transmission, thereby reducing drag loss and energy loss and improving the transmission efficiency of the entire transmission system.

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved in this way:

[0016] A decoupling device for an electric drive system, comprising an input shaft and a gear, wherein the gear is loosely sleeved on the input shaft, a first bearing is installed at the journal of the gear, at least one one-way bearing is installed between the input shaft and the gear, and when the number of the one-way bearings is two, all the one-way bearings are arranged in parallel, and the outer ring of the one-way bearing is matched with the inner hole of the gear, and the inner ring is in close contact with the journal of the input shaft;

[0017] The bearing cover is rotatably connected to the input shaft via a second bearing, and the bearing cover is fixedly connected to the gear via bolts;

[0018] A third bearing is mounted on the outer side of the bearing cover;

[0019] Thrust structures are respectively installed on both sides of the journal of the input shaft, wherein the thrust structure on one side is in close contact with the bearing cover, and the thrust structure on the other side is in close contact with the protruding side of the gear, and the two thrust structures jointly play an axial positioning role.

[0020] Furthermore, the first bearing and the third bearing are both tapered roller bearings;

[0021] The second bearing is a needle roller bearing.

[0022] Furthermore, a groove is provided on the inner side of the bearing cover, and a retaining ring is installed in the groove for positioning the second bearing.

[0023] Furthermore, the retaining ring is a flattened steel wire retaining ring.

[0024] Further, the thrust structure includes a fourth bearing, and the fourth bearings are respectively installed on both sides of the input shaft journal, wherein the fourth bearing on one side is in close contact with the bearing cover, and the fourth bearing on the other side is in close contact with the extended side of the gear, and the two fourth bearings play a positioning role together;

[0025] Alternatively, the thrust structure includes an adjusting gasket, and the adjusting gaskets are respectively installed on both sides of the journal of the input shaft, wherein the adjusting gasket on one side is in close contact with the bearing cover, and the adjusting gasket on the other side is in close contact with the protruding side of the gear, and the two adjusting gaskets jointly play an axial positioning role.

[0026] Furthermore, the inner wall of the adjusting gasket is provided with a plurality of notches, and the notches are used for the passage of gear oil;

[0027] At least one side surface of the adjusting gasket is provided with a plurality of oil grooves for the passage of gear oil.

[0028] Furthermore, it also includes a shell and a shell cover, the shell has an installation opening, the gear and the input shaft are installed in the shell through the installation opening, and the shell cover is set at the installation opening.

[0029] Furthermore, the input shaft is provided with a first oil passage opening, a second oil passage opening and a third oil passage opening, and the shell cover is provided with a fourth oil passage opening, a fifth oil passage opening, a sixth oil passage opening and a seventh oil passage opening;

[0030] The gear is provided with a first oil drain hole, and the bearing cover is provided with a second oil drain hole.

[0031] The method for using the decoupling device of the electric drive system comprises the following steps:

[0032] The decoupling device of the electric drive system is applied to the dual-motor drive electric bridge, and the motor end of the dual-motor drive electric bridge is connected to the input shaft through a reduction mechanism, and the gear outputs the power to the vehicle wheel end through the transmission device;

[0033] When the dual motors drive the vehicle, the main motor is in a long meshing state. When the main motor rotates forward, the power is transmitted to the gears, driving the gears to rotate forward. Among them, the one-way bearing has an engaged state and a disconnected state during the transmission process.

[0034] If the auxiliary motor is working, it will drive the input shaft to rotate forward, and the speed of the input shaft is higher than the speed of the gear. At this time, the inner ring and outer ring of the one-way bearing are in an engaged state, and the one-way bearing can transmit the power output by the auxiliary motor to the vehicle wheel end through the input shaft, gears and transmission device, which is used for high-torque working conditions of the vehicle; if the auxiliary motor is not working, the input shaft has no speed. At this time, the inner ring and outer ring of the one-way bearing are in a disconnected state, the power is interrupted and the auxiliary motor is decoupled.

[0035] A vehicle comprises an electric drive system, wherein the electric drive system comprises a dual-motor drive electric bridge and a decoupling device of the electric drive system, wherein the decoupling device of the electric drive system is applied to the dual-motor drive electric bridge.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] The decoupling device of the electric drive system is applied to the dual-motor drive bridge, and the motor end of the dual-motor drive bridge is connected to the input shaft for transmission, and the gear outputs the power to the vehicle wheel end through the transmission device;

[0038] When the dual motors drive the vehicle, the main motor is in a long meshing state. When the main motor rotates forward, the power is transmitted to the gears through the multi-stage reduction mechanism, driving the gears to rotate forward. Among them, the one-way bearing has an engaged state and a disconnected state during the transmission process.

[0039] If the auxiliary motor is working, it will drive the input shaft to rotate forward, and the speed of the input shaft is higher than the speed of the gear. At this time, the inner ring and outer ring of the one-way bearing are in an engaged state, and the one-way bearing can transmit the power output by the auxiliary motor to the wheel end of the vehicle through the input shaft, gears and transmission device, which is used for the vehicle's high torque working condition; if the auxiliary motor is not working, the input shaft has no speed. At this time, the inner ring and outer ring of the one-way bearing are in a disconnected state, and the power is interrupted to achieve decoupling. Therefore, the decoupling device of the electric drive system provided in the present application can achieve the decoupling of the auxiliary motor when the main motor works alone, and will not reversely drag the auxiliary motor and its transmission device to participate in the transmission, thereby reducing the drag loss and energy loss, and improving the transmission efficiency of the entire transmission system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0041] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a decoupling device of the present invention (the housing and the housing cover are not shown);

[0042] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the adjusting gasket of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the decoupling device of the present invention (showing the housing and the housing cover);

[0044] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shell cover of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 It is an axonometric diagram of the decoupling device of the present invention from one perspective;

[0046] Figure 6 This is an axonometric view of the decoupling device of the present invention from another perspective.

[0047] In the figure:

[0048] 1-gear; 100-extending side; 101-first oil drain hole;

[0049] 2-bearing cover; 201-second oil drain hole; 3-hexagonal flange toothed bolt; 4-third bearing; 5-first bearing; 6-thrust structure; 601-notch; 602-oil groove;

[0050] 7-input shaft; 701-first oil channel port; 702-second oil channel port; 703-third oil channel port;

[0051] 8-one-way bearing; 9-second bearing; 10-flattened wire retaining ring for hole; 11-oil retaining cover; 12-shell cover; 1201-fourth oil channel opening; 1202-fifth oil channel opening; 1203-sixth oil channel opening; 1204-seventh oil channel opening. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0053] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0054] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0055] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the positions or positional relationships in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0056] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or vertical, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0057] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0058] Some embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] Reference Figure 1-Figure 6 This embodiment provides a decoupling device for an electric drive system, including an input shaft 7 and a gear 1, wherein the gear 1 is loosely sleeved on the input shaft 7, and is mainly used in a dual-motor electric drive system.

[0061] Reference Figure 1 A first bearing 5 is installed at the journal of the gear 1, and the first bearing 5 is a tapered roller bearing. At least one one-way bearing 8 is installed between the input shaft 7 and the gear 1, and the outer ring of the one-way bearing 8 matches the inner hole of the gear 1, and the inner ring is in close contact with the journal of the input shaft 7; preferably, the number of the one-way bearings 8 in this embodiment is designed to be two and arranged in parallel, which can transmit greater torque;

[0062] The bearing cover 2 passes through the input shaft 7 and is rotatably connected to the input shaft 7 through the second bearing 9. The bearing cover 2 is located on the side of the gear 1 and is fixedly connected to the gear 1 through a plurality of bolts.

[0063] The outer side of the bearing cover 2 is provided with a third bearing 4, which is also a tapered roller bearing and is used in pair with the first bearing 5; the second bearing 9 can be a needle bearing;

[0064] Thrust structures 6 are respectively installed on both sides of the journal of the input shaft 7. The thrust structure 6 on one side is in close contact with the bearing cover 2, and the thrust structure 6 on the other side is in close contact with the protruding side 100 of the gear 1. The two thrust structures 6 play a positioning role together.

[0065] Specifically, the bearing cover 2 is assembled on the input shaft 7 through the second bearing 9 (needle bearing), and is connected to the other side of the gear 1 using a plurality of bolts. Preferably, the bolts can be hexagonal flange toothed bolts 3 (such as Figure 1 and Figure 6 ). A shoulder and a groove are provided on the inner side of the bearing cover 2, wherein the groove is used to assemble a retaining ring, and the retaining ring adopts a flattened wire retaining ring 10 for holes, so as to realize the accurate positioning of the needle roller bearing. The needle roller bearing can make the bearing cover 2 run stably on the input shaft 7, while reducing friction and wear, and ensuring the normal operation of the system.

[0066] A third bearing 4 (tapered roller bearing) is mounted on the outer side of the bearing cover 2 and is used in pair with the first bearing 5 (tapered roller bearing) to improve the load-bearing capacity and system accuracy.

[0067] The thrust structure 6 includes a fourth bearing or an adjusting washer. Specifically, the thrust structure 6 has the following designs:

[0068] The first type: the thrust structure 6 only includes the fourth bearing, and the fourth bearings are respectively installed on both sides of the input shaft 7 journal. The fourth bearing adopts a thrust bearing. The thrust bearing on the left side is in close contact with the bearing cover 2, and the thrust bearing on the right side is in close contact with the extended side 100 of the gear 1. The two together play a positioning role. The thrust bearing can bear the bearing load, can achieve relative rotation in the axial direction, and reduce friction and wear;

[0069] The second type: the thrust structure 6 only includes adjusting gaskets, and adjusting gaskets are respectively installed on both sides of the input shaft 7 journal, wherein the adjusting gasket on one side is in close contact with the bearing cover 2, and the adjusting gasket on the other side is in close contact with the protruding side 100 of the gear 1, and the two adjusting gaskets play a positioning role together.

[0070] An oil shield 11 is installed inside the shaft head on one side of the input shaft 7 to ensure reliable lubrication of the bearing and the gear 1.

[0071] When the thrust structure 6 adopts the second solution, adjustment washers are installed on both sides of the input shaft 7 journal. The adjustment washers on the left side are in close contact with the bearing cover 2, and the adjustment washers on the right side are in close contact with the extended side 100 of the gear 1. The two together play a positioning role. The structure of the adjustment washers is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the whole is in the shape of a thin sheet, the outer periphery (i.e., the outer ring or outer wall) of the adjustment gasket is circular, and multiple notches 601 are provided on the inner ring or inner wall of the adjustment gasket to make its inner periphery irregular (the shapes of the multiple notches 601 can be different), and the notches 601 provided on its inner periphery are used for the passage of gear oil to form an inner ring oil passage opening, and at least one of the two side surfaces of the adjustment gasket is provided with multiple oil grooves 602 to facilitate the entry and exit of gear oil, and the oil grooves 602 are formed as planar oil passage openings to achieve reliable lubrication of the bearing, with the advantages of simple structure and low cost. Preferably, multiple oil grooves 602 are provided on the two side surfaces of the adjustment gasket, such as Figure 2 .

[0072] The input shaft 7 is provided with a first oil passage opening 701, a second oil passage opening 702 and a third oil passage opening 703. Figure 3 .

[0073] The decoupling device further includes a housing and a housing cover 12. The housing has an installation opening. The gear 1 and the input shaft 7 and other related components are installed in the housing through the installation opening. The housing cover 12 is provided at the installation opening. The housing cover 12 is connected to the housing by bolts. The structure is as follows Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, it includes a fourth oil passage opening 1201 , a fifth oil passage opening 1202 , a sixth oil passage opening 1203 , and a seventh oil passage opening 1204 .

[0074] The entire decoupling device is as follows Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the gear 1 is provided with a first oil drain hole 101, and the bearing cover 2 is provided with a second oil drain hole 201. When the gear 1 rotates at high speed, the gear oil in the housing splashes up and enters the fifth oil channel port 1202 through the fourth oil channel port 1201. A part of the gear oil entering the fifth oil channel port 1202 enters the sixth oil channel port 1203, and the other part enters the seventh oil channel port 1204. The gear oil entering the seventh oil channel port 1204 is used to lubricate the third bearing 4; the gear oil entering the sixth oil channel port 1203 will flow into the inner cavity of the input shaft 7, and will be thrown out from the third oil channel port 703, the second oil channel port 702 and the first oil channel port 701 respectively under the action of centrifugal force. The gear oil thrown out through the third oil channel port 703 lubricates the second bearing 9 and the thrust structure 6, the gear oil thrown out through the second oil channel port 702 lubricates the one-way bearing 8, and the gear oil thrown out through the first oil channel port 701 lubricates the right ball bearing. When the gear oil at the one-way bearing 8 is full, the excess gear oil will flow out from the first oil drain hole 101 and the second oil drain hole 201. The gear oil flowing out of the first oil drain hole 101 can lubricate the third bearing 4, and the gear oil flowing out of the second oil drain hole 201 can lubricate the first bearing 5. The upper and middle parts of the fourth oil passage 1201 are provided with an extended end flush with the edge of the cover body of the shell cover 12, which can gather the splashed gear oil to the fourth oil passage 1201 under the action of centrifugal force to ensure the lubrication effect. By adjusting the depth of the sixth oil passage 1203, the amount of gear oil entering the inner cavity of the input shaft 7 through the sixth oil passage 1203 can be controlled, which is convenient for realizing precise control of lubrication. By adjusting the flat oil passage opening opened on the gasket, a small amount of gear oil can be stored to avoid dry grinding, and by adjusting the inner ring oil passage opening of the gasket, the gear oil can be accelerated to pass through, enhance the lubrication effect, and solve the problem of serious heating of the one-way bearing 8 at high speed.

[0075] Common one-way bearings 8 mainly include roller one-way bearings and wedge one-way bearings. Taking the roller one-way bearing as an example, it mainly includes an outer ring, an inner ring with a slope, a roller and a spring. The motor end is connected to the input shaft 7 through or without a reduction mechanism, and the gear 1 outputs the power to the vehicle wheel end through other transmission devices. When the dual-motor drive vehicle, the main motor is generally in a long meshing state. When the main motor rotates forward (consistent with the vehicle's forward direction), the power will be transmitted to the gear 1 through or without a multi-stage reduction mechanism, driving the gear 1 to rotate forward. Among them, the one-way bearing 8 is in an engaged state and a disconnected state during the transmission process; if the auxiliary motor is working, it will drive the input shaft 7 to rotate forwardly, and the speed of the input shaft 7 is higher than the speed of the gear 1. At this time, the inner ring of the one-way bearing 8 can be regarded as the active part (the outer ring can be regarded as the driven part), and the roller will move in the wedge-shaped space, and then the roller is squeezed to one side of the narrow space, wedging the inner ring and the outer ring, so that the inner ring and the outer ring are combined and rotated, and the one-way bearing 8 is in an engaged state, realizing the power transmission from the active part to the driven part, and then the one-way bearing 8 can transmit the power output by the auxiliary motor to the wheel end of the vehicle through the input shaft 7, the gear 1 and the transmission device, which is used for vehicle starting, heavy-load climbing and other working conditions requiring large torque; if the auxiliary motor is not working, the speed of the input shaft 7 is zero, the outer ring can be regarded as the active part (the inner ring can be regarded as the driven part), the roller will roll to the wide side of the wedge-shaped space, the roller cannot wedge the inner and outer rings, the inner and outer rings slide relative to each other, the driven part is disengaged from the active part, the power is interrupted, and decoupling is achieved. After decoupling, the main motor will not work with the auxiliary motor when working alone, so there will be no power loss, which helps to improve the transmission efficiency and is used in high-speed cruising conditions. The reduction mechanism between the input shaft 7 and the auxiliary motor will not rotate accordingly, which reduces the oil stirring loss, drag loss and energy loss, and helps to improve the transmission efficiency.

[0076] Example 2

[0077] This embodiment provides a method for using the decoupling device of the electric drive system, comprising the following steps:

[0078] The decoupling device of the electric drive system is applied to the dual-motor drive bridge, and the motor end of the dual-motor drive bridge is connected to the input shaft 7 through a reduction mechanism, and the gear 1 outputs the power to the vehicle wheel end through the transmission device; it should be noted that the dual-motor drive bridge is an important component of a vehicle drive system, which is usually designed to be used in automobiles, especially electric vehicles. The core feature of this drive bridge is that it is equipped with two electric motors (or electric motors) inside, which are the main motor and the auxiliary motor.

[0079] When the dual motors drive the vehicle, the main motor is generally in a long meshing state. When the main motor rotates forward, the power is transmitted to the gear 1 through the multi-stage reduction mechanism, driving the gear 1 to rotate forward. Among them, the one-way bearing 8 is in an engaged state and a disconnected state during the transmission process.

[0080] If the auxiliary motor is working, it will drive the input shaft 7 to rotate forward, and the speed of the input shaft 7 is higher than the speed of the gear 1. At this time, the inner ring and the outer ring of the one-way bearing 8 are in an engaged state, and the one-way bearing 8 can transmit the power output by the auxiliary motor to the vehicle wheel end through the input shaft 7, the gear 1 and the transmission device, which is used for the vehicle's high torque working condition; if the auxiliary motor is not working, the input shaft 7 has no speed. At this time, the inner ring and the outer ring of the one-way bearing 8 are in a disconnected state, the power is interrupted and the auxiliary motor is decoupled.

[0081] Example 3

[0082] A vehicle includes an electric drive system, the electric drive system includes a dual-motor drive bridge and a decoupling device of the electric drive system, the decoupling device of the electric drive system is applied to the dual-motor drive bridge, when the dual-motor drives the vehicle, the main motor is generally in a long meshing state, when the main motor rotates forward, the power is transmitted to the gear 1 through or without a multi-stage reduction mechanism, driving the gear 1 to rotate forward; wherein the one-way bearing 8 is in an engaged state and a disconnected state during the transmission process;

[0083] If the auxiliary motor is working, it will drive the input shaft 7 to rotate forward, and the speed of the input shaft 7 is higher than the speed of the gear 1. At this time, the inner ring and the outer ring of the one-way bearing 8 are in an engaged state, and the one-way bearing 8 can transmit the power output by the auxiliary motor to the vehicle wheel end through the input shaft 7, the gear 1 and the transmission device, which is used for the vehicle's high torque working condition; if the auxiliary motor is not working, the input shaft 7 has no speed. At this time, the inner ring and the outer ring of the one-way bearing 8 are in a disconnected state, the power is interrupted and the auxiliary motor is decoupled.

[0084] The beneficial effects of the technical solution of the present invention are:

[0085] 1. Provide a decoupling method and a vehicle. When the dual motors drive the vehicle, the main motor is always working. When the auxiliary motor works normally, the power output by the auxiliary motor is transmitted to the wheel end through the input shaft 7, gear 1 and other mechanisms, and is used for vehicle starting, heavy-load climbing and other working conditions that require large torque; when the auxiliary motor is not working, the power output by the main motor will not continue to be transmitted after being transmitted to gear 1, thereby achieving decoupling. After decoupling, when the main motor works alone, it will not reversely drag the auxiliary motor to work, thereby increasing the service life of the auxiliary motor and improving the transmission efficiency, and is used for high-speed cruising conditions;

[0086] 2. Gear 1 is loosely sleeved on input shaft 7 through one-way bearing 8. One-way bearing 8 has two states: engagement and disconnection. The input shaft 7 and gear 1 are engaged and disconnected by changing the state of one-way bearing 8, thereby achieving decoupling;

[0087] 3. The input shaft 7 is connected to the motor end through a reduction mechanism or without a reduction mechanism. Under certain working conditions, the input shaft 7 is connected to the motor end through a reduction mechanism to avoid the one-way bearing 8 working under high speed difference conditions, thereby reducing the possibility of heat generation and failure;

[0088] 4. Two one-way bearings 8 are arranged in parallel to transmit greater torque;

[0089] 5. The thrust structures 6 on both sides of the gear 1 are optional (thrust bearings or adjustment washers). Choosing thrust bearings can reduce friction and wear, and choosing adjustment washers can reduce costs;

[0090] 6. The position of the tapered roller bearing can be changed according to the layout to save axial space;

[0091] 7. Multiple oil inlet and outlet holes are respectively provided on the input shaft 7, the gear 1 and the housing cover 12 for lubricating different bearings, so as to solve the problem of serious heating of the whole decoupling device at high speed;

[0092] 8. The new structural design of the housing cover 12: the fourth oil channel port 1201, the fifth oil channel port 1202, the sixth oil channel port 1203 and the seventh oil channel port 1204 are provided, which can collect the splashed gear oil and divide the gear oil into two paths to lubricate each bearing respectively;

[0093] 9. The upper middle part of the fourth oil passage 1201 of the shell cover 12 is provided with a protruding end flush with the edge of the cover body, which can gather the splashed gear oil to the fourth oil passage 1201 under the action of centrifugal force to ensure the lubrication effect;

[0094] 10. The depth of the sixth oil passage 1203 can be changed according to design requirements. By adjusting the depth of the sixth oil passage 1203, the amount of gear oil entering the inner cavity of the input shaft 7 through the sixth oil passage 1203 can be controlled, so as to realize accurate control of lubrication.

[0095] 11. New structural design of the adjusting gasket: the whole is in the shape of a thin sheet, and the inner ring is irregularly shaped due to multiple notches 601 for the gear oil to pass through. Multiple oil grooves 602 are provided on both sides of the adjusting gasket to facilitate the inflow and outflow of the gear oil and realize reliable lubrication of the bearing;

[0096] 12. An oil shield 11 is installed inside the shaft head on one side of the input shaft 7 to ensure reliable lubrication of the bearing and the gear 1.

[0097] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0098] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A decoupling device for an electric drive system, comprising an input shaft (7) and a gear, wherein the gear (1) is loosely mounted on the input shaft (7), and is characterized in that: A first bearing (5) is installed at the journal of the gear (1), and at least one one-way bearing (8) is installed between the input shaft (7) and the gear (1). When there are two one-way bearings (8), all the one-way bearings (8) are arranged in parallel, and the outer ring of the one-way bearing (8) matches the inner hole of the gear (1), and the inner ring is in close contact with the journal of the input shaft (7); The bearing cover (2) is rotatably connected to the input shaft (7) via a second bearing (9), and the bearing cover (2) is fixedly connected to the gear (1) via bolts; A third bearing (4) is mounted on the outer side of the bearing cover (2); Thrust structures (6) are respectively installed on both sides of the journal of the input shaft (7), wherein the thrust structure (6) on one side is in close contact with the bearing cover (2), and the thrust structure (6) on the other side is in close contact with the protruding side (100) of the gear (1), and the two thrust structures (6) together play an axial positioning role.

2. The decoupling device of the electric drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first bearing (5) and the third bearing (4) are both tapered roller bearings; The second bearing (9) is a needle roller bearing.

3. The decoupling device of the electric drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A groove is provided on the inner side of the bearing cover (2), and a retaining ring is installed in the groove for positioning the second bearing (9).

4. The decoupling device of the electric drive system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The retaining ring is a flattened steel wire retaining ring (10) for a hole.

5. The decoupling device of the electric drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thrust structure (6) comprises a fourth bearing, and the fourth bearings are respectively installed on both sides of the journal of the input shaft (7), wherein the fourth bearing on one side is in close contact with the bearing cover (2), and the fourth bearing on the other side is in close contact with the protruding side (100) of the gear (1), and the two fourth bearings play a positioning role together; Alternatively, the thrust structure (6) comprises an adjusting gasket, and the adjusting gaskets are respectively installed on both sides of the journal of the input shaft (7), wherein the adjusting gasket on one side is in close contact with the bearing cover (2), and the adjusting gasket on the other side is in close contact with the protruding side (100) of the gear (1), and the two adjusting gaskets jointly play an axial positioning role.

6. The decoupling device of the electric drive system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner wall of the adjusting gasket is provided with a plurality of notches (601), and the notches (601) are used for the passage of gear oil; At least one side surface of the adjusting gasket is provided with a plurality of oil grooves (602) for the passage of gear oil.

7. The decoupling device of the electric drive system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a housing and a housing cover (12), wherein the housing has an installation opening, the gear (1) and the input shaft (7) are installed in the housing through the installation opening, and the housing cover (12) is arranged at the installation opening.

8. The decoupling device of the electric drive system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The input shaft (7) is provided with a first oil passage opening (701), a second oil passage opening (702) and a third oil passage opening (703); the housing cover (12) is provided with a fourth oil passage opening (1201), a fifth oil passage opening (1202), a sixth oil passage opening (1203) and a seventh oil passage opening (1204); The gear (1) is provided with a first oil drain hole (101), and the bearing cover (2) is provided with a second oil drain hole (201).

9. A method for using the decoupling device of an electric drive system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The decoupling device of the electric drive system is applied to a dual-motor drive bridge, and the motor end of the dual-motor drive bridge is connected to the input shaft (7) for transmission, and the gear (1) outputs power to the wheel end of the vehicle through the transmission device; When the dual motors drive the vehicle, the main motor is in a long meshing state. When the main motor rotates forward, the power is transmitted to the gear (1) through the multi-stage reduction mechanism, driving the gear (1) to rotate forward accordingly; wherein the one-way bearing (8) has an engaged state and a disconnected state during the transmission process; If the auxiliary motor is working, it will drive the input shaft (7) to rotate forwardly, and the rotation speed of the input shaft (7) is higher than the rotation speed of the gear (1). At this time, the inner ring and the outer ring of the one-way bearing (8) are in an engaged state, and the one-way bearing (8) can transmit the power output by the auxiliary motor to the wheel end of the vehicle through the input shaft (7), the gear (1) and the transmission device, so as to be used in the high torque working condition of the vehicle; if the auxiliary motor is not working, the input shaft (7) has no rotation speed. At this time, the inner ring and the outer ring of the one-way bearing (8) are in a disconnected state, the power is interrupted, and the auxiliary motor is decoupled.

10. A vehicle, comprising an electric drive system, characterized in that: The electric drive system comprises a dual-motor drive bridge and a decoupling device for the electric drive system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the decoupling device for the electric drive system is applied to the dual-motor drive bridge.

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