A control method and system for a ventilation opening of a greenhouse

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of greenhouses, and further relates to a control method and system for a ventilation opening of a greenhouse. The method comprises the following steps: collecting adjustment data of the ventilation opening based on a sensor, wherein the adjustment data is one of environmental data in the greenhouse, an opening and closing width and an opening and closing angle of the ventilation opening, and a current stroke of a servo motor installed on the ventilation opening; generating a ventilation opening adjustment instruction based on the adjustment data, wherein the ventilation opening adjustment instruction is any one of a first adjustment instruction generated based on the environmental data, a second adjustment instruction generated based on the opening and closing width and the opening and closing angle, and a third adjustment instruction generated based on the current stroke; and adjusting an opening area of the ventilation opening based on the ventilation opening adjustment instruction. The method realizes accurate monitoring of the opening area of the ventilation opening and effective regulation and control of the internal environment of the greenhouse.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of greenhouse, and further relates to a control method and system of a ventilation opening of a greenhouse. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the greenhouse environment monitoring technology can accurately measure the key parameters such as temperature, humidity and light intensity in the room, and provides a scientific basis for crop growth. However, in the monitoring of the ventilation opening of the greenhouse, the existing technology still has obvious deficiencies. The opening area of the ventilation opening is one of the key factors affecting the internal environment regulation of the greenhouse, but at present there is a lack of high-precision monitoring means, which directly affects the effective regulation of the internal environment of the greenhouse. SUMMARY

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a control method and system of a ventilation opening of a greenhouse, which realizes accurate monitoring of the opening area of the ventilation opening and effective regulation of the internal environment of the greenhouse.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a control method of a ventilation opening of a greenhouse, comprising: collecting adjustment data of the ventilation opening based on a sensor, the adjustment data being one of environmental data inside the greenhouse, opening and closing width and opening and closing angle of the ventilation opening, and current stroke of a servo motor installed at the ventilation opening; generating a ventilation opening adjustment instruction based on the adjustment data, wherein the ventilation opening adjustment instruction is any one of a first adjustment instruction generated based on the environmental data, a second adjustment instruction generated based on the opening and closing width and the opening and closing angle, and a third adjustment instruction generated based on the current stroke; and adjusting the opening area of the ventilation opening based on the ventilation opening adjustment instruction.

[0005] The above control method can generate accurate ventilation opening adjustment instructions based on the environmental data inside the greenhouse, the opening and closing width and the opening and closing angle of the ventilation opening, and the current stroke of the servo motor installed at the ventilation opening, so as to realize accurate monitoring of the opening area of the ventilation opening and effective regulation of the internal environment of the greenhouse.

[0006] In an implementation, when the adjustment data is the environment data, the generating the vent adjustment instruction based on the adjustment data specifically comprises: calculating the air flow in the greenhouse based on the environment data and a linear regression model, wherein the environment data comprises the temperature, humidity and wind speed in the greenhouse; calculating the plant transpiration based on the linear regression model, the temperature and the humidity; calculating the current opening area of the vent based on the air flow, and the air flow rate and the resistance coefficient of the vent which are measured in advance; and generating a first adjustment instruction based on the current opening area, the air flow and the plant transpiration, and taking the first adjustment instruction as the vent adjustment instruction.

[0007] The above control method can accurately calculate the air flow in the greenhouse by using the environment data in the greenhouse collected by the sensor, including the temperature, humidity and wind speed, and combining the linear regression model. Further, the plant transpiration can be calculated based on the linear regression model and the temperature and humidity data. In addition, the current opening area of the vent can be accurately calculated by combining the air flow, and the air flow rate and the resistance coefficient of the vent which are measured in advance, so as to realize the accurate monitoring of the opening area of the vent of the greenhouse. Finally, the first adjustment instruction generated based on the current opening area, the air flow and the plant transpiration can be taken as the vent adjustment instruction, so that the device adjusts the opening area of the vent based on the vent adjustment instruction, and the effective regulation and control of the environment in the greenhouse is realized. At the same time, the problem of increasing human resources caused by manual adjustment of the vent is avoided, the production cost is reduced, and the yield and quality of crops are further improved.

[0008] In an implementation, when the adjustment data is the opening width and the opening angle, the generating the vent adjustment instruction based on the adjustment data specifically comprises: calculating the opening width deviation and the opening angle deviation based on the opening width, the opening angle, the preset target opening width and the preset target opening angle; and generating a second adjustment instruction when the absolute value of the opening width deviation is greater than a threshold or the absolute value of the opening angle deviation is greater than a threshold, and taking the second adjustment instruction as the vent adjustment instruction.

[0009] In an implementation, when the adjustment data is the opening width and the opening angle, the collecting the adjustment data of the vent by the sensor specifically comprises: controlling the sensor to collect the opening angle of the vent; controlling the sensor to periodically send a first pulse signal to the vent and receive a second pulse signal reflected by the vent; and determining the opening width based on the time difference between the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal.

[0010] The above control method periodically sends a first pulse signal to the air vent and receives a reflected second pulse signal through the sensor, and accurately determines the opening and closing width of the air vent by the time difference between the two signals. Then, based on the difference between the actual measured opening and closing width and angle and the preset target value, the opening and closing width deviation and angle deviation are calculated. When these deviations exceed the preset threshold, the second adjustment instruction is generated and executed to adjust the greenhouse air vent. This process realizes accurate monitoring of the opening area of the greenhouse air vent and effective regulation of the internal environment of the greenhouse, and solves the problems of inaccurate measurement and reaction lag in the traditional method of monitoring the opening area of the air vent. Through real-time analysis and automatic adjustment of the data collected by the sensor, the effect of air flow and temperature control in the greenhouse is significantly improved, which is conducive to creating a more suitable environment for crop growth. At the same time, different types of sensors are combined to collect data, increasing the redundancy of the entire system, so that if a sensor fails, the entire system can still work normally.

[0011] In one implementation, when the adjustment data is the current stroke, the generating of the air vent adjustment instruction based on the adjustment data specifically includes: comparing the current stroke with a preset stroke of the servo motor, wherein the preset stroke of the servo motor includes a first preset stroke and a second preset stroke; when the current stroke is greater than the first preset stroke or the current stroke is less than the second preset stroke, a third adjustment instruction is generated, and the third adjustment instruction is taken as the air vent adjustment instruction.

[0012] The above control method compares the current stroke with a preset stroke of the servo motor. When the current stroke is greater than the first preset stroke or the current stroke is less than the second preset stroke, a third adjustment instruction is generated, and the third adjustment instruction is taken as the air vent adjustment instruction, so that the servo motor adjusts the opening area of the air vent based on the air vent adjustment instruction. This process significantly improves the accuracy and stability of air vent monitoring by introducing advanced sensor technology and precise servo motors, so that greenhouse managers can more accurately and timely monitor the ventilation status and make scientific and reasonable decisions. At the same time, the fully automated monitoring process greatly reduces the labor intensity of workers, saves human and material resources, and improves production efficiency.

[0013] In a second aspect, the application also provides a control system for a ventilation opening of a greenhouse, comprising: a sensor configured to collect adjustment data of the ventilation opening, the adjustment data being one of environmental data of an interior of the greenhouse, an opening width and an opening angle of the ventilation opening, and a current stroke of a servo motor installed at the ventilation opening; a monitoring device configured to generate a ventilation opening adjustment instruction based on the adjustment data, wherein the ventilation opening adjustment instruction is any one of a first adjustment instruction generated based on the environmental data, a second adjustment instruction generated based on the opening width and the opening angle, and a third adjustment instruction generated based on the current stroke; and an execution device configured to adjust an opening area of the ventilation opening based on the ventilation opening adjustment instruction.

[0014] In an implementation, when the adjustment data is the environmental data, the monitoring device is configured to calculate an air flow amount of the interior of the greenhouse based on the environmental data and a linear regression model, wherein the environmental data comprises temperature, humidity, and wind speed of the interior of the greenhouse; the monitoring device is configured to calculate a plant transpiration amount based on the linear regression model, the temperature, and the humidity; the monitoring device is configured to calculate a current opening area of the ventilation opening based on the air flow amount, the plant transpiration amount, and a pre-measured air flow rate of the ventilation opening and a resistance coefficient of the ventilation opening; and the monitoring device is configured to generate the first adjustment instruction based on the current opening area, the air flow amount, and the plant transpiration amount, and take the first adjustment instruction as the ventilation opening adjustment instruction.

[0015] In an implementation, when the adjustment data is the opening width and the opening angle, the monitoring device is configured to calculate an opening width deviation and an opening angle deviation based on the opening width, the opening angle, a preset target opening width, and a preset target opening angle; and the monitoring device is configured to generate the second adjustment instruction based on the opening width deviation having an absolute value greater than a threshold value or the opening angle deviation having an absolute value greater than a threshold value, and take the second adjustment instruction as the ventilation opening adjustment instruction.

[0016] In an implementation, when the adjustment data is the current stroke, the execution device is the servo motor; the monitoring device is configured to compare the current stroke with a preset stroke of the servo motor, wherein the preset stroke of the servo motor comprises a first preset stroke and a second preset stroke; and the monitoring device is configured to generate the third adjustment instruction based on the current stroke being greater than the first preset stroke or the current stroke being less than the second preset stroke, and take the third adjustment instruction as the ventilation opening adjustment instruction.

[0017] In one implementation, the servo motor is configured to rotate by a corresponding angle in a direction indicated by the ventilation opening adjustment instruction until the current stroke of the servo motor is less than the first preset stroke or greater than the second preset stroke.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present application has at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. Based on the internal environment data of the greenhouse collected by the sensor, the opening and closing width and angle of the ventilation opening, and the current stroke of the servo motor installed in the ventilation opening, accurate ventilation opening adjustment instructions can be generated, realizing accurate monitoring of the opening area of the ventilation opening and effective regulation of the internal environment of the greenhouse.

[0020] 2. By using the internal environment data of the greenhouse collected by the sensor, including temperature, humidity and wind speed, combined with the linear regression model, the air flow rate in the greenhouse can be accurately calculated. Further, based on the linear regression model and the temperature and humidity data, the transpiration of the plants can be calculated. In addition, combined with the air flow rate and the pre-measured air flow rate and resistance coefficient of the ventilation opening, the current opening area of the ventilation opening can be accurately calculated, realizing accurate monitoring of the opening area of the ventilation opening of the greenhouse. Finally, based on the current opening area, air flow rate and plant transpiration, the first adjustment instruction generated can be used as the ventilation opening adjustment instruction, and the device adjusts the opening area of the ventilation opening based on the ventilation opening adjustment instruction, realizing effective regulation of the internal environment of the greenhouse. At the same time, it avoids the problem of increasing human resources caused by manual adjustment of the ventilation opening, reduces production costs, and further improves the yield and quality of crops.

[0021] 3. By controlling the sensor to periodically send a first pulse signal to the ventilation opening and receive a reflected second pulse signal, the time difference between the two signals is used to accurately determine the opening and closing width of the ventilation opening. Then, based on the difference between the actual measured opening and closing width and angle and the preset target value, the opening and closing width deviation and angle deviation are calculated. When these deviations exceed the preset threshold, the second adjustment instruction is generated and executed to adjust the ventilation opening of the greenhouse. This process realizes accurate monitoring of the opening area of the ventilation opening of the greenhouse and effective regulation of the internal environment of the greenhouse, and also solves the problems of inaccurate measurement and reaction lag in the traditional method of monitoring the opening area of the ventilation opening. Through real-time analysis and automatic adjustment of the data collected by the sensor, the effect of air flow and temperature control in the greenhouse is significantly improved, which is conducive to creating a more suitable environment for crop growth. At the same time, different types of sensors are combined to collect data, increasing the redundancy of the entire system, so that if a sensor fails, the normal operation of the entire system can still be ensured.

[0022] 4、By comparing the current stroke with the preset stroke of the servo motor. When the current stroke is greater than the first preset stroke or the current stroke is less than the second preset stroke, a third adjustment instruction is generated, and the third adjustment instruction is taken as the ventilation opening adjustment instruction, so that the servo motor adjusts the opening area of the ventilation opening based on the ventilation opening adjustment instruction. The flow process significantly improves the accuracy and stability of the ventilation opening monitoring by introducing advanced sensor technology and precise servo motor, so that the greenhouse manager can more accurately and timely grasp the ventilation condition, and then make scientific and reasonable decisions. At the same time, the fully automated monitoring process greatly reduces the labor intensity of the staff, saves manpower and material resources, and improves the production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] The above-mentioned characteristics, technical features, advantages and implementation ways of the present application will be further described in a clear and easy-to-understand manner in combination with the preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 A flowchart of a control method of a ventilation opening of a greenhouse provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0025] Figure 2 A flowchart of generating a ventilation opening adjustment instruction provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0026] Figure 3 A flowchart of generating a ventilation opening adjustment instruction provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0027] Figure 4 A framework diagram of a control system of a ventilation opening of a greenhouse provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description only represent some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative labor, and other embodiments can also be obtained.

[0029] In order to make the drawing simple, only the parts related to the invention are shown in each drawing, which does not represent the actual structure of the product. In addition, in order to make the drawing simple and easy to understand, in some drawings, only one of the parts with the same structure or function is shown, or only one of them is marked. In this paper, "one" not only means "only one", but also means "more than one".

[0030] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" as used in the specification and in the claims, if any, means any one of the associated listed items, as well as all possible combinations of the items, and includes the items in their respective orders of preference.

[0031] In this article, it should be pointed out that unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral connection; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intermediate medium, or internal communication of two elements. For ordinary skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0032] In addition, in the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only used for differentiation description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0033] It should be pointed out that the above embodiments can be freely combined according to needs. The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and it should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present application, a number of improvements and refinements can also be made, which should be regarded as the protection scope of the present application.

[0034] Greenhouse is a kind of facility that uses sunlight as the main light source, converts light energy into heat energy through greenhouse structure, and provides suitable environmental conditions to promote plant growth. The temperature, humidity and other conditions inside the greenhouse are crucial to crop growth. In order to maintain suitable environmental conditions, the greenhouse is equipped with ventilation openings (including top / bottom ventilation openings) to regulate the flow, temperature, humidity and other conditions of the air inside the greenhouse. The embodiments of the present application install sensors in the greenhouse, process the data collected by the sensors through relevant data processing devices, obtain the opening area (or opening width and opening angle) of the ventilation opening, and generate corresponding ventilation opening adjustment instructions. The execution device adjusts the opening area of the ventilation opening based on the ventilation opening adjustment instructions, which can achieve at least one beneficial effect: accurate monitoring of the opening area of the ventilation opening and effective regulation of the internal environment of the greenhouse; or reducing production cost, improving the quality and yield of crops.

[0035] The following will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0036] Referring to the accompanying drawings Figure 1 It shows a flow chart of a control method for a ventilation opening of a greenhouse provided by the embodiments of the present application. As shown in Figure 1 It includes:

[0037] S100, adjusting data based on the sensor collection of the vent, the adjusting data being one of the environmental data of the greenhouse, the opening and closing width and angle of the vent, and the current stroke of the servo motor installed in the vent.

[0038] S110, generating a vent adjusting instruction based on the adjusting data, wherein the vent adjusting instruction is any one of a first adjusting instruction generated based on the environmental data, a second adjusting instruction generated based on the opening and closing width and angle, and a third adjusting instruction generated based on the current stroke.

[0039] S120, adjusting the opening area of the vent based on the vent adjusting instruction.

[0040] The sensors are installed at corresponding positions in the greenhouse, for example, the sensors for collecting the environmental data in the greenhouse can be installed inside the greenhouse, the sensors for collecting the opening and closing width and angle of the vent can be installed at the vent, and the sensors for collecting the current stroke of the servo motor installed in the vent can be installed at the opening and closing part of the vent.

[0041] A communication link is established between the sensors and the monitoring device, and the parameter settings of the monitoring device are initialized, so that the monitoring device can effectively receive the adjusting data from the sensors. The monitoring device processes the adjusting data sent by the sensors according to a preset algorithm, thereby generating a corresponding vent adjusting instruction, and sends the vent adjusting instruction to the execution device. The execution device adjusts the opening area of the vent based on the vent adjusting instruction. Different execution devices correspond to different vent adjusting instructions, for example, the execution device corresponding to the first adjusting instruction can be an electric drive; the execution device corresponding to the second adjusting instruction can be an electric push rod Z-789, or a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder; and the execution device corresponding to the third adjusting instruction can be a servo motor or other types of motors.

[0042] In the embodiments of the present application, the environmental data in the greenhouse, the opening and closing width and angle of the vent, and the current stroke of the servo motor installed in the vent based on the sensors can generate accurate vent adjusting instructions, thereby realizing accurate monitoring of the opening area of the vent and effective regulation of the environment in the greenhouse.

[0043] Reference is made to the accompanying drawings Figure 2 which shows a flowchart of generating a vent adjusting instruction according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 2 , it includes:

[0044] S200, calculating the air flow in the greenhouse based on the environmental data and a linear regression model, wherein the environmental data includes the temperature, humidity and wind speed in the greenhouse.

[0045] S210, calculating the plant transpiration based on the linear regression model, the temperature and the humidity.

[0046] S220, calculating the current opening area of the ventilation opening based on the air flow and the pre-measured air flow rate of the ventilation opening and the resistance coefficient of the ventilation opening.

[0047] S230, generating the first adjustment instruction based on the current opening area, the air flow and the plant transpiration, and taking the first adjustment instruction as the ventilation opening adjustment instruction.

[0048] When the adjustment data is environmental data, the sensors can be temperature sensors, humidity sensors and wind speed sensors. The execution device can include electric drivers, fans, humidifiers, etc. Among them, the wind speed sensor can be an ultrasonic wind speed sensor or a hot-wire wind speed sensor (or hot-wire anemometer), which has high sensitivity and stability; the temperature sensor can be a digital NTC thermistor, which has an accuracy of ±0.5℃; the humidity sensor can be a polymer film capacitive humidity sensor, which has rapid response and long-term stability. The monitoring device (or data processing center) can be an embedded microcontroller, which supports multiple communication protocols and facilitates the integration of third-party devices. The monitoring device and the sensors can transmit data through a communication module. The communication module can be a long-range radio (LoRa), Wi-Fi or Bluetooth wireless transmission technology, which ensures the reliability and security of data transmission. Of course, the monitoring device and the sensors can also use wired transmission to transmit data.

[0049] The temperature sensors, humidity sensors and wind speed sensors are arranged at corresponding positions inside the greenhouse, and these sensors are calibrated. The basic parameters of the monitoring device are set, such as the frequency of controlling the sensors to collect data and the alarm threshold, etc. At the same time, the connectivity and functional integrity of the sensors, the monitoring device and the execution device are tested. When the sensors are damaged, other sensors of the same type can be used to replace them. The temperature, humidity and wind speed inside the greenhouse are regularly sampled by the temperature sensors, humidity sensors and wind speed sensors. The monitoring device calculates the air flow inside the greenhouse based on the temperature, humidity, wind speed and linear regression model, and the specific formula is: AirFlow = a*W + b*T + c*H + d. At the same time, the monitoring device calculates the plant transpiration based on the temperature, humidity and linear regression model, and the specific formula is: Transpiration = e*T + f*H. Among them, the air flow is AirFlow, the plant transpiration is Transpiration, the temperature is T, the humidity is H, the wind speed is W, and a, b, c, d, e, f are the coefficients of the linear regression model, which can be obtained by training historical data.

[0050] Further, the monitoring device calculates the current opening area of the ventilation opening based on the air flow amount, the pre-measured air flow rate of the ventilation opening and the resistance coefficient of the ventilation opening, and the specific formula is S=(AirFlow / V)*(1+R). Wherein, the current opening area is S, V is the air flow rate of the ventilation opening, and R is the resistance coefficient of the ventilation opening. The monitoring device determines whether the opening area of the ventilation opening needs to be adjusted based on the current opening area, the air flow amount and the plant transpiration amount. If adjustment is needed, the monitoring device can generate a first adjustment instruction, and the electric drive in the execution device adjusts the opening area of the ventilation opening based on the first adjustment instruction. The monitoring device can also generate other adjustment instructions based on the air flow amount and the plant transpiration amount inside the greenhouse, so that the execution device performs humidification or increases the air flow amount and the like.

[0051] The embodiment of the present application can accurately calculate the air flow amount inside the greenhouse by using the internal environment data of the greenhouse collected by the sensor, including temperature, humidity and wind speed, and combining the linear regression model. Further, based on the linear regression model and the temperature and humidity data, the plant transpiration amount can be calculated. In addition, the current opening area of the ventilation opening can be accurately calculated by combining the air flow amount and the pre-measured air flow rate and resistance coefficient of the ventilation opening, so as to realize accurate monitoring of the opening area of the ventilation opening of the greenhouse. Finally, based on the current opening area, the air flow amount and the plant transpiration amount, the generated first adjustment instruction can be used as the ventilation opening adjustment instruction, and the execution device adjusts the opening area of the ventilation opening based on the ventilation opening adjustment instruction, so as to realize effective regulation and control of the internal environment of the greenhouse. At the same time, the problem of increasing human resources caused by manual adjustment of the ventilation opening is avoided, the production cost is reduced, and the yield and quality of crops are further improved.

[0052] Reference is made to the accompanying drawings Figure 3 which shows a flowchart of generating a ventilation opening adjustment instruction provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 3 , it includes:

[0053] S300, control the sensor to collect the opening angle of the ventilation opening, control the sensor to periodically send a first pulse signal to the ventilation opening, and receive a second pulse signal reflected by the ventilation opening.

[0054] S310, determine the opening and closing width based on the time difference between the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal.

[0055] S320, calculate the opening and closing width deviation and the opening and closing angle deviation based on the opening and closing width, the opening and closing angle, the pre-set target opening and closing width and the pre-set target opening and closing angle.

[0056] S330, when the absolute value of the opening and closing width deviation is greater than the threshold value or the absolute value of the opening and closing angle deviation is greater than the threshold value, a second adjustment instruction is generated, and the second adjustment instruction is taken as the air vent adjustment instruction.

[0057] When the adjustment data is the opening and closing width and the opening and closing angle, the sensor can be an infrared sensor and an ultrasonic sensor. The execution device can be any one of the electric push rod Z-789, the pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder. Among them, the infrared sensor can be replaced by a pyroelectric sensor. The infrared sensor can select model X-123, which has high sensitivity and wide temperature range; the ultrasonic sensor can select model Y-456, which has waterproof and dustproof function and high precision measurement capability. The monitoring device can adopt an industrial computer to ensure the real-time data processing and the safety of the storage. The execution device can use the electric push rod Z-789, which supports remote control and state feedback, and the maximum stroke can reach 2 meters.

[0058] The infrared sensor and the ultrasonic sensor are installed at the air vent to establish a stable communication link between the infrared sensor, the ultrasonic sensor and the monitoring device. The monitoring device is started, and the parameter setting of the monitoring device is initialized. The opening and closing angle of the air vent is collected by the infrared sensor, and the opening and closing width of the air vent is collected by the ultrasonic sensor. The specific principle of the ultrasonic sensor collecting the opening and closing width of the air vent is that the ultrasonic sensor periodically sends a first pulse signal to the air vent and receives a second pulse signal returned by the air vent, calculates the time difference of the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal (both the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal are ultrasonic waves), and determines the opening and closing width of the air vent. Of course, other sensors can also be used instead of the ultrasonic sensor based on the same principle of determining the opening and closing width of the air vent. For example, but not limited to, laser ranging sensor, at this time the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal are laser beams; infrared sensor, at this time the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal are infrared light; radar sensor, at this time the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal are radio waves.

[0059] The infrared sensor and the ultrasonic sensor send the collected opening and closing angle and opening and closing width to the monitoring device through wired or wireless communication. The monitoring device calculates the opening and closing width deviation and the opening and closing angle deviation based on the opening and closing width, the opening and closing angle, the preset target opening and closing width and the preset target opening and closing angle. The specific formula is: opening and closing angle deviation: Δθ = θ - θ set ; opening and closing width deviation: Δw = w - w set . Wherein, θ is the opening and closing angle, w is the opening and closing width, θ set and w setrespectively. When the absolute value of the opening angle deviation |Δθ| is greater than a threshold value ε, or the absolute value of the opening width deviation |Δw| is greater than the threshold value ε, the monitoring device generates a second adjustment instruction. The execution device adjusts the opening area of the ventilation opening based on the second adjustment instruction. The specific adjustment amount includes an angle adjustment amount Δθ adj = k1*Δθ, and a width adjustment amount Δw adj = k2*Δw. The control gains k1 and k2 can be adjusted according to the feedback data of the greenhouse after adjustment.

[0060] The embodiments of the present application periodically send a first pulse signal to the ventilation opening and receive a reflected second pulse signal through the control sensor, and accurately determine the opening width of the ventilation opening by using the time difference between the two signals. Then, the system calculates the opening width deviation and the angle deviation based on the difference between the actual measured opening width and angle and the preset target value. When these deviations exceed the preset threshold value, a second adjustment instruction is generated and executed to adjust the ventilation opening of the greenhouse. This process realizes accurate monitoring of the opening area of the ventilation opening of the greenhouse and effective regulation of the internal environment of the greenhouse, and also solves the problems of inaccurate measurement and reaction lag in monitoring the opening area of the ventilation opening in the traditional method. Through real-time analysis and automatic adjustment of the data collected by the sensor, the effect of air flow and temperature control in the greenhouse is significantly improved, which is conducive to creating a more suitable environment for crop growth. At the same time, different types of sensors are combined to collect data, increasing the redundancy of the entire system, so that if a sensor fails, the normal operation of the entire system can still be ensured.

[0061] In an embodiment of the present application, when the adjustment data is the current stroke, the ventilation opening adjustment instruction is generated based on the adjustment data, specifically including: comparing the current stroke with the preset stroke of the servo motor, wherein the preset stroke of the servo motor includes a first preset stroke and a second preset stroke; when the current stroke is greater than the first preset stroke or the current stroke is less than the second preset stroke, a third adjustment instruction is generated, and the third adjustment instruction is used as the ventilation opening adjustment instruction.

[0062] When the adjustment data is the current stroke of the servo motor, the sensor can be any one of a position sensor, a rotary encoder, or a linear displacement sensor (wherein the accuracy of the linear displacement sensor is 0.01 mm and the resolution of the rotary encoder is 0.1°). The monitoring device can use an embedded processor with ARM architecture or an industrial programmable logic controller. The execution device is a servo motor or other types of motors. The servo motor can be selected based on factors such as torque and speed to suit the environment of the greenhouse.

[0063] The sensor is installed at the opening and closing part of the greenhouse ventilation port, and is responsible for measuring the actual stroke of the ventilation port moved by the servo motor. The servo motor is installed on the control device of the ventilation port, which ensures that it can accurately control the opening and closing of the ventilation port. After the whole system is started, the system will self-check each hardware to confirm that all hardware is working properly. At the same time, the monitoring device starts to initialize parameter settings, including calibrating the sensor zero point, setting the safety protection threshold, etc. The user can set the initial position of the ventilation port in the monitoring device, that is, the full closed or half open state, as a reference benchmark, and adjust the parameters on the control panel of the monitoring device, input the expected first preset stroke and second preset stroke (in essence, input the expected maximum opening area and minimum opening area, because the servo motor will change the opening area of the ventilation port during movement, so set the first preset stroke corresponding to the maximum opening area, the stroke of the servo motor to be moved; set the second preset stroke corresponding to the minimum opening area, the stroke of the servo motor to be moved). The sensor sends the current stroke of the servo motor collected to the monitoring device, and the monitoring device compares the current stroke with the first preset stroke and the second preset stroke respectively. When the current stroke is greater than the first preset stroke or the current stroke is less than the second preset stroke, a third adjustment instruction is generated, and the third adjustment instruction is sent to the servo motor as a ventilation port adjustment instruction. The servo motor rotates in the direction indicated by the ventilation port adjustment instruction by a corresponding angle based on the ventilation port adjustment instruction, until the current stroke of the servo motor is less than the first preset stroke or greater than the second preset stroke, thereby completing the adjustment of the opening area (or opening size or width) of the ventilation port.

[0064] During operation, the monitoring device can also monitor the voltage, current and other parameters of the servo motor in real time to prevent the servo motor from being overloaded. In addition, the monitoring device can also record the opening area and environmental parameters of the greenhouse before and after each adjustment, analyze the historical trend, and provide a basis for further optimization. In the embodiments of the present application, a solar power supply system can also be added, including a photovoltaic panel and an energy storage battery, which uses clean energy to power the sensors, monitoring devices, execution devices and other hardware, thereby reducing energy consumption. A distributed network can also be formed through wireless communication technology to centrally manage multiple monitoring devices and improve overall work efficiency.

[0065] The embodiment of the present application compares the current stroke with the preset stroke of the servo motor. When the current stroke is greater than the first preset stroke or the current stroke is less than the second preset stroke, a third adjustment instruction is generated, and the third adjustment instruction is used as the ventilation opening adjustment instruction, so that the servo motor adjusts the opening area of the ventilation opening based on the ventilation opening adjustment instruction. The process significantly improves the accuracy and stability of the ventilation opening monitoring by introducing advanced sensor technology and precise servo motor, so that the greenhouse manager can more accurately grasp the ventilation condition, and then make a scientific and reasonable decision. At the same time, the fully automated monitoring process greatly reduces the labor intensity of the staff, saves manpower and material resources, and improves the production efficiency.

[0066] Reference is made to the accompanying drawings Figure 4 which shows a framework diagram of a control system of a greenhouse ventilation opening provided by the embodiment of the present application, used to execute the method or means described in any of the above embodiments. As shown in the figure, it includes a sensor 400, a monitoring device 500, and an execution device 600. The sensor 400 is configured to collect adjustment data of the ventilation opening, which is one of environmental data inside the greenhouse, opening and closing width and opening and closing angle of the ventilation opening, and current stroke of the servo motor installed on the ventilation opening. The monitoring device 500 is configured to generate a ventilation opening adjustment instruction based on the adjustment data, wherein the ventilation opening adjustment instruction is any one of a first adjustment instruction generated based on the environmental data, a second adjustment instruction generated based on the opening and closing width and the opening and closing angle, and a third adjustment instruction generated based on the current stroke. The execution device 600 is configured to adjust the opening area of the ventilation opening based on the ventilation opening adjustment instruction. Figure 4 In an embodiment of the present application, when the adjustment data is the environmental data, the monitoring device is configured to calculate the air flow rate inside the greenhouse based on the environmental data and a linear regression model, wherein the environmental data includes temperature, humidity, and wind speed inside the greenhouse. The monitoring device is configured to calculate the plant transpiration based on the linear regression model, the temperature, and the humidity. The monitoring device is configured to calculate the current opening area of the ventilation opening based on the air flow rate, the plant transpiration, and the pre-measured air flow rate of the ventilation opening and the resistance coefficient of the ventilation opening. The monitoring device is configured to generate the first adjustment instruction based on the current opening area, the air flow rate, and the plant transpiration, and use the first adjustment instruction as the ventilation opening adjustment instruction.

[0067]

[0068] ​In an embodiment of the present application, when the adjustment data is the opening and closing width and the opening and closing angle, the monitoring device is configured to calculate the opening and closing width deviation and the opening and closing angle deviation based on the opening and closing width, the opening and closing angle, the preset target opening and closing width, and the preset target opening and closing angle; and the monitoring device is configured to generate a second adjustment instruction when the absolute value of the opening and closing width deviation is greater than a threshold value or the absolute value of the opening and closing angle deviation is greater than a threshold value, and the second adjustment instruction is used as the register instruction.

[0069] In an embodiment of the present application, when the adjustment data is the current stroke, the execution device is a servo motor; the monitoring device is configured to compare the current stroke with a preset stroke of the servo motor, wherein the preset stroke of the servo motor includes a first preset stroke and a second preset stroke; and the monitoring device is configured to generate a third adjustment instruction when the current stroke is greater than the first preset stroke or the current stroke is less than the second preset stroke, and the third adjustment instruction is used as the register instruction.

[0070] In an embodiment of the present application, the servo motor is configured to rotate in the direction indicated by the register instruction by a corresponding angle until the current stroke of the servo motor is less than the first preset stroke or greater than the second preset stroke.

[0071] It should be noted that the above embodiments can be freely combined as needed. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and it should be noted that those of ordinary skill in the art can make several improvements and refinements without departing from the principles of the present application, and these improvements and refinements should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method of controlling a ventilation opening of a greenhouse, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: collecting adjustment data of the ventilation opening based on a sensor, the adjustment data being environmental data inside a greenhouse, opening and closing width and opening and closing angle of the ventilation opening, and current stroke of a servo motor installed on the ventilation opening; generating a ventilation opening adjustment instruction based on the adjustment data, wherein the ventilation opening adjustment instruction is a first adjustment instruction generated based on the environmental data, a second adjustment instruction generated based on the opening and closing width and the opening and closing angle, and a third adjustment instruction generated based on the current stroke; adjusting the opening area of the ventilation opening based on the ventilation opening adjustment instruction; when the adjustment data is the environmental data, the step of generating the ventilation opening adjustment instruction based on the adjustment data specifically comprises: calculating air flow inside the greenhouse based on the environmental data and a linear regression model, wherein the environmental data includes temperature, humidity and wind speed inside the greenhouse; calculating plant transpiration based on the linear regression model, the temperature and the humidity; calculating current opening area of the ventilation opening based on the air flow, and pre-measured air flow rate of the ventilation opening and resistance coefficient of the ventilation opening; generating the first adjustment instruction based on the current opening area, the air flow and the plant transpiration, and taking the first adjustment instruction as the ventilation opening adjustment instruction.

2. The method of controlling a ventilation opening of a greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that, when the adjustment data is the opening and closing width and the opening and closing angle, the step of generating the ventilation opening adjustment instruction based on the adjustment data specifically comprises: calculating opening and closing width deviation and opening and closing angle deviation based on the opening and closing width, the opening and closing angle, preset target opening and closing width and preset target opening and closing angle; generating the second adjustment instruction when the absolute value of the opening and closing width deviation is greater than a threshold value or the absolute value of the opening and closing angle deviation is greater than a threshold value, and taking the second adjustment instruction as the ventilation opening adjustment instruction.

3. The method of controlling a greenhouse vent according to claim 1, wherein, when the adjustment data is the current stroke, the step of generating the ventilation opening adjustment instruction based on the adjustment data specifically comprises: comparing the current stroke with preset stroke of the servo motor, wherein the preset stroke of the servo motor includes a first preset stroke and a second preset stroke; generating the third adjustment instruction when the current stroke is greater than the first preset stroke or the current stroke is less than the second preset stroke, and taking the third adjustment instruction as the ventilation opening adjustment instruction.

4. The method of controlling a greenhouse vent according to claim 2, wherein, when the adjustment data is the opening and closing width and the opening and closing angle, the step of collecting adjustment data of the ventilation opening based on a sensor specifically comprises: controlling the sensor to collect the opening and closing angle of the ventilation opening; controlling the sensor to periodically send a first pulse signal to the ventilation opening and receive a second pulse signal reflected by the ventilation opening; determining the opening and closing width based on the time difference between the first pulse signal and the second pulse signal.

5. A control system for a ventilation opening of a greenhouse, characterized in that The method comprises the following steps: a sensor configured to collect adjustment data of the ventilation opening, the adjustment data being environmental data inside a greenhouse, opening and closing width and opening and closing angle of the ventilation opening, and current stroke of a servo motor installed on the ventilation opening; The monitoring device is configured to generate a ventilation opening adjustment instruction based on the adjustment data, wherein the ventilation opening adjustment instruction is a first adjustment instruction generated based on the environment data, a second adjustment instruction generated based on the opening and closing width and the opening and closing angle, and a third adjustment instruction generated based on the current stroke; The execution device is configured to adjust the opening area of the ventilation opening based on the ventilation opening adjustment instruction; When the adjustment data is the environment data, the monitoring device is configured to calculate the air flow amount inside the greenhouse based on the environment data and a linear regression model, wherein the environment data includes the temperature, humidity, and wind speed inside the greenhouse; The monitoring device is configured to calculate the plant transpiration amount based on the linear regression model, the temperature, and the humidity; The monitoring device is configured to calculate the current opening area of the ventilation opening based on the air flow amount, the plant transpiration amount, and the air flow rate and the resistance coefficient of the ventilation opening that are measured in advance; The monitoring device is configured to generate the first adjustment instruction based on the current opening area, the air flow amount, and the plant transpiration amount, and take the first adjustment instruction as the ventilation opening adjustment instruction.

6. The control system for a greenhouse vent according to claim 5, wherein, When the adjustment data is the opening and closing width and the opening and closing angle, the monitoring device is configured to calculate the opening and closing width deviation and the opening and closing angle deviation based on the opening and closing width, the opening and closing angle, a preset target opening and closing width, and a preset target opening and closing angle; The monitoring device is configured to generate the second adjustment instruction when the absolute value of the opening and closing width deviation is greater than a threshold value or the absolute value of the opening and closing angle deviation is greater than a threshold value, and take the second adjustment instruction as the ventilation opening adjustment instruction.

7. The control system for a greenhouse vent according to claim 5, wherein, When the adjustment data is the current stroke, the execution device is the servo motor; The monitoring device is configured to compare the current stroke with a preset servo motor stroke, wherein the preset servo motor stroke includes a first preset stroke and a second preset stroke; The monitoring device is configured to generate the third adjustment instruction when the current stroke is greater than the first preset stroke or the current stroke is less than the second preset stroke, and take the third adjustment instruction as the ventilation opening adjustment instruction.

8. The control system for a greenhouse vent according to claim 7, wherein, The servo motor is configured to rotate by a corresponding angle in the direction indicated by the ventilation opening adjustment instruction until the current stroke of the servo motor is less than the first preset stroke or greater than the second preset stroke.

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