Roof / pillar displacement and stress monitoring-early warning integrated system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a roof / pillar displacement and stress monitoring-early warning integrated system and method. The system comprises a monitoring device, a data transmission system and a terminal controller, the terminal controller comprises a data processing system and an early warning system, the monitoring device comprises a plurality of monitoring boxes, and displacement sensors and stress sensors are arranged in the monitoring boxes; the data transmission system is used for transmitting the monitoring data to the data processing system; the data processing system converts the monitored and collected electric signals into readable data and processes the readable data to obtain real-time monitoring data, and the early warning system is used for identifying the monitoring data to obtain an early warning result. Monitoring, early warning and alarming are integrated, real-time analysis and response to monitoring results are completed, certain safety guarantee is provided for mine production, tunnel operation and the like, meanwhile, the construction strength is small, the disturbance effect of an original structure is reduced, the monitoring device can be repeatedly used, and the cost is reduced. And popularization and application in safety engineering monitoring of small and medium-sized mines and tunnels are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of monitoring and early warning technology for mining and tunnel engineering, and in particular to a roof / pillar displacement and stress monitoring-early warning integrated system and method. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's economy and society, the rapid development, promotion and application of science and technology information technology, people's demand for mineral resources has gradually increased, and the resource mining environment has become increasingly complex. Roofs and pillars, as supporting structures of goafs, have increasingly complex displacement deformations and stress changes, often causing large-scale roof falls and collapse accidents due to local damage. In recent years, the frequency of such disasters has gradually increased, which has seriously increased the difficulty of mining mineral resources and caused a waste of resources. It is urgent to take effective monitoring measures to strengthen the monitoring and early warning of roofs and pillars, and provide advanced support guidance for safe mining in mines. Therefore, improving and optimizing the monitoring-early warning of roofs / pillars is an urgent problem to be solved.

[0003] Considering the large differences in the shape of roof / pillar structures in actual projects, the high degree of structural surface roughness, and the influence of mining conditions and the surrounding environment, the displacement deformation and stress distribution of the roof / pillars are non-uniform, and the roof and pillars are suddenly damaged and the gradual cycle is short. Traditional monitoring methods (such as total station monitoring, level monitoring, traditional manual monitoring, etc.) have the disadvantages of being time-consuming, labor-intensive, greatly affected by human factors, and large measurement errors. They cannot achieve real-time monitoring and early warning, and the safety of the monitoring working environment cannot be guaranteed, which will bring many difficulties to the monitoring operation.

[0004] With the development of computer science and technology, the application scope of optical fiber sensor monitoring, distributed optical fiber monitoring, etc. has gradually expanded. For example, China Invention Publication Patent CN116792158 A provides a monitoring system and monitoring method for a pillar-roof support system, which monitors the inside and outside through a multi-directional stress grid net and a distributed optical fiber sensor embedded in a borehole. During the installation of the monitoring device, it is necessary to drill many pre-buried holes in the monitoring area, and the laying of the multi-directional stress grid net is similar to anchor net support. From the construction method and stress device, it can be seen that a large number of pre-buried distributed optical fiber sensors in the boreholes reduce the strength of the rock structure. Once the sensor is damaged, it will be impossible to repair or replace it. The laying of the multi-directional stress grid net is like an anchor net support effect. This makes it impossible to analogize and promote the monitoring results during the monitoring process, and the applicability of the monitoring results is greatly limited.

[0005] The above monitoring methods have been significantly improved in terms of accuracy and intelligence compared with traditional monitoring methods, but their construction intensity is relatively high, the analog promotion and application effect of monitoring results is relatively poor, the monitoring target is single, and the monitoring results are not analyzed and warned in real time, and the ultimate goal of monitoring - warning - has not been achieved. At the same time, most of the equipment is disposable and consumable, and the cost is high. At the same time, the above monitoring methods are mostly suitable for large mines. For small and medium-sized mines, their cost is relatively high, and the economic pressure is relatively large, which is often difficult to afford, and there are great limitations in promotion and application.

[0006] Therefore, a new method suitable for roof / pillar stability monitoring and early warning in complex environments is urgently needed. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the problems existing in the existing monitoring technology, the present invention provides a roof / pillar displacement, stress monitoring-early warning integrated system and method, which realizes the dual-drive real-time collaborative monitoring and early warning integration of roof / pillar displacement and stress under the conditions of low construction intensity and low cost. The monitoring cost is low, so that the monitoring results can be promoted and applied by analogy, which can meet the economic needs of small and medium-sized mine safety engineering monitoring and meet the promotion and application of small and medium-sized mine safety engineering monitoring.

[0008] In order to achieve the purpose of the present invention, the present invention provides a roof / pillar displacement, stress monitoring-early warning integrated system, including a monitoring device, a data transmission system and a terminal control, wherein the terminal control includes a data processing system and an early warning system;

[0009] The monitoring device comprises a plurality of monitoring boxes, which are used to be arranged on the roof and / or the pillars in the monitoring area, each of which is provided with a displacement sensor for monitoring the displacement change of the roof or the pillar and a stress sensor for monitoring the stress change of the roof or the pillar, and in the plurality of monitoring boxes arranged on the roof or the pillar, adjacent monitoring boxes are elastically connected by a connecting piece, and the stress sensor is connected to the connecting piece;

[0010] The data transmission system is connected to the displacement sensor, the stress sensor and the data processing system, and is used to transmit the monitoring data collected by the displacement sensor and the stress sensor to the data processing system in the form of electrical signals;

[0011] The data processing system is used to convert the monitoring data from electrical signals into readable digital signals and to calibrate the spatial position of the monitoring device, and to draw a full-section displacement deformation and stress distribution curve of the roof and / or pillars in the monitoring area, to realize the visualization of the displacement deformation and stress distribution of the roof and / or pillars in the monitoring area, and to save the monitoring data in real time;

[0012] The early warning system is used to identify monitoring data to obtain early warning results and to issue an alarm based on the early warning results.

[0013] Furthermore, the connecting member is a spring.

[0014] Furthermore, the monitoring device also includes a conduit, and a plurality of monitoring boxes arranged on the roof or the ore pillar are arranged at intervals and slidably arranged in the conduit, and the stress sensor built into the monitoring box is directly connected to the spring.

[0015] Furthermore, the catheter is piston-type and retractable, and has two parallel rail grooves on both the upper and lower surfaces of the catheter, and is snap-fitting, so that the monitoring box will not damage the monitoring equipment when the roof / pillar is deformed, thereby reducing the interference of the monitoring device on the monitoring results.

[0016] Furthermore, each monitoring box is a detachable independent entity, and four guide wheels are installed on the upper and lower surfaces of the monitoring box respectively. The monitoring box is anchored to the roof (mine pillar) of the monitoring area by anchor nails.

[0017] Furthermore, the monitoring box and the multi-section piston-type double-track catheter are both anchored by anchor nails.

[0018] Furthermore, the data transmission system is the link between the monitoring device and the terminal control. By connecting to the sensor in the monitoring box of the monitoring device, the displacement and stress electrical signals collected by the monitoring box are transmitted to the data processing system of the terminal control through cables or optical fibers.

[0019] Furthermore, the data processing system includes a basic parameter setting module and an electrical signal conversion module. The basic parameter setting module is used to set the physical and mechanical property parameters of the rock mass in the monitoring area (such as compressive strength, tensile strength, Poisson's ratio, elastic modulus, cohesion, etc.), the spatial position coordinate parameters of the monitoring box, and is used for spatial calibration. The spatial calibration includes: first, numbering each monitoring box, calibrating the spatial position and stress state of the monitoring point, and using the calibration value as the first set of data for monitoring dynamic changes; the electrical signal conversion module is used to convert the displacement and stress electrical signals collected by the monitoring device into readable data, so as to realize real-time online readability and storage of the monitoring data.

[0020] Furthermore, the early warning system includes a threshold module, an early warning module, an alarm module and a wireless sharing module. The threshold module is used to determine the monitoring early warning reference value. The early warning module is used to divide the early warning level interval based on the monitoring early warning reference value and the safety engineering monitoring standard to determine the early warning level result through the early warning level interval. The alarm module is used to determine whether to alarm according to the early warning level result. The wireless sharing module is used to realize the wireless connection between the alarm module and the personnel alarm equipment.

[0021] Furthermore, the threshold module includes a rock mass threshold parameter submodule and a monitoring area structure critical state threshold calculation submodule. The rock mass threshold parameter submodule is used to set the judgment criteria of the rock mass state, including threshold parameters of compressive strength, tensile strength, and shear strength. The monitoring area structure critical state threshold calculation submodule includes a displacement and stress calculation unit of the roof and / or pillar structure, which is used to calculate the displacement and stress thresholds of the roof or pillar, that is, the monitoring and early warning reference value. By selecting the structure to be detected in the monitoring area, the structure to be detected is the roof and / or pillar structure, inputting the structural parameters of the structure to be detected (the roof includes span and thickness; the pillar includes height and width), and the physical and mechanical parameters of the rock mass (including elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, cohesion, internal friction angle, etc.), the critical state threshold of the roof or pillar structure is calculated, wherein the critical state threshold of the roof structure includes a tensile stress threshold and a displacement threshold, and the critical state threshold of the pillar structure includes a compressive stress threshold and a displacement threshold.

[0022] Tensile stress threshold of roof structure: σ t =[σ t ]

[0023] Displacement threshold of the roof structure:

[0024] Among them, [σ t ] is the tensile strength of the rock mass, MPa; b is the unit width of the roof, m; h is the thickness of the roof, m; E is the elastic modulus of the rock mass, GPa; I is the moment of inertia of the roof section, m 4 ; x is the length variable, m.

[0025] The compressive stress threshold of the pillar structure: [σ p ]=[σ c ](0.64+0.36(W p / H0)) α

[0026] Displacement threshold of pillar structure:

[0027] Among them, W p is the width of the pillar, m; A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the pillar, m 2 ; H0 is the height of the pillar, m; [σ c ] is the rock mass compressive strength, MPa; α is a constant. p / H0>5, α=1.4, when W p When / H0<5, α=1.0.

[0028] Further, the warning level result set by the warning module includes multiple levels, and the alarm module includes an alarm, and the alarm responds to different levels determined by the warning module by lighting up different colors.

[0029] The early warning system integrates the threshold calculation unit and the early warning level classification, and the external alarm. At the same time, the wireless sharing module can realize the real-time transmission of monitoring results and personnel alarm configuration, realizing the integration and timeliness of monitoring-early warning-alarm.

[0030] Furthermore, the alarm module sets four warning levels of red, orange, yellow and blue according to relevant standards (red is level one, orange is level two, yellow is level three, blue is level four, among which level one is the highest). The warning level interval is set according to the industry engineering monitoring standards and the actual needs of the project, and the monitoring data is imported into the warning module for warning level identification; the alarm module mainly responds to the warning module through an external alarm, and the alarm lights up red, orange, yellow and blue respectively corresponding to the four warning levels; the wireless sharing module can realize the IP address setting of the monitoring area, and is equipped with a wireless terminal interface to realize the wireless connection between the terminal control alarm module and the personnel alarm equipment. The connection method uses an IP address to achieve timeliness of monitoring and early warning, alarm and personnel response.

[0031] The present invention also provides a roof / pillar displacement, stress monitoring-early warning integrated method, comprising the following steps:

[0032] Determine the monitoring area;

[0033] Determine monitoring points on the roof and / or pillars of the monitoring area, and set a monitoring box at the position corresponding to each monitoring point;

[0034] The initial spatial position and stress state of each monitoring point are calibrated through the data processing system, and the calibration value is used as the first set of data for monitoring dynamic changes;

[0035] The displacement change of the roof or the pillar is monitored by the displacement sensor arranged in the monitoring box, the stress change of the roof or the pillar is monitored by the stress sensor arranged in the monitoring box, and the monitoring data is transmitted to the data processing system through the data transmission system;

[0036] The data processing system draws a curve diagram of the displacement deformation and stress distribution of the roof and / or pillars in the monitoring area through the corresponding relationship between the monitoring points and the monitoring data, as well as the continuity characteristics of the displacement deformation and stress, so as to realize the visualization of the displacement deformation and stress distribution of the roof and / or pillars in the monitoring area, and save the monitoring data in real time;

[0037] Identify the monitoring data to obtain early warning results.

[0038] Furthermore, after obtaining the displacement and stress monitoring data, the following steps are also included:

[0039] The rock mass threshold parameters of the monitoring area are set in the rock mass threshold parameter submodule in the threshold module. The structure type to be monitored in the monitoring area is selected through the monitoring area structure critical state threshold calculation submodule, and the structural parameters and rock mass physical and mechanical parameters corresponding to the structure type are input to calculate the monitoring and early warning reference value of the monitoring structure in the monitoring area;

[0040] Import the monitoring data obtained by the data processing system into the early warning module, and identify and obtain the early warning level results;

[0041] The wireless sharing module will share monitoring data, alarm data and personnel alarm configuration in real time, realizing real-time synchronization and response of the early warning system.

[0042] Based on the early warning module, the early warning level interval is determined, the monitoring data is imported into the early warning module, the early warning level interval of the monitoring data is identified, the monitoring early warning level is determined, and the early warning level result is connected to the alarm module to realize the integration of monitoring, early warning and alarm. Finally, the wireless sharing module is activated to realize the mobile real-time dynamic monitoring and alarm of personnel alarm equipment, and realize the real-time dynamic monitoring and alarm of the monitoring area, control room and personnel equipment.

[0043] Furthermore, according to the monitoring level requirements, the number of monitoring points is determined and the locations of the monitoring points are calibrated.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include:

[0045] (1) It combines the advantages of existing monitoring technologies such as high accuracy, timely data transmission, and easy installation, reduces construction disturbance, and is equipped with displacement sensors and stress sensors to achieve dual-drive real-time online monitoring of displacement and stress.

[0046] (2) The early warning system can be equipped with an early warning module, an alarm module, and a wireless sharing module with a built-in monitoring area structure critical state threshold calculation unit, obtain the displacement deformation and stress threshold conditions of complex areas, and determine multiple safety warning levels (such as red, orange, yellow, and blue) in combination with safety monitoring engineering standards, thus achieving a multi-indicator early warning effect driven by both displacement and stress.

[0047] (3) Based on the early warning system, alarms can be installed in the monitoring area and the terminal control room to ensure the timely responsiveness of monitoring. At the same time, a wireless sharing module is installed in the early warning system, and the connection is set up through the IP address to achieve the timeliness of monitoring, early warning, alarm and personnel response, thereby improving the real-time nature of monitoring safety early warning.

[0048] (4) The monitoring system has few disposable consumables, and the monitoring device can be repaired and replaced. The core components such as the monitoring box and threaded spring can be removed and reused, which reduces the cost and is beneficial to the promotion and application of the monitoring system in small and medium-sized mines and tunnel safety engineering.

[0049] (5) The present invention does not require a large number of tedious processes such as drilling holes and pre-embedded sensors during construction. It only needs to fix the monitoring box, catheter, etc. on the monitoring body through anchor nails, thereby avoiding the disturbance and damage of the original rock mass in the monitoring area during construction. The spring connection between the catheter structure and the monitoring box allows each monitoring box to retain its independent individuality, so that the monitoring results are not affected by the monitoring device itself, so that the monitoring results can be compared to other areas with similar structural conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a configuration module of a roof / pillar monitoring-early warning system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the monitoring device arrangement system structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a monitoring box in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-section piston-type double-track conduit in an embodiment of the present invention (only a single section is shown in the figure);

[0054] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the integrated system method for roof / pillar displacement and stress monitoring-early warning in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] In the figure: 1 monitoring device; 2 data transmission system; 3 terminal control; 4 roof; 5 pillars; 6 anchors; 7 monitoring box; 8 springs; 9 guide wheels; 10 guide tubes; 11 displacement sensors; 12 stress sensors; 13 rail grooves; 14 anchor holes; 15 snap-fit ​​grooves. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] In order to make the purpose and advantages of the present invention more clear, Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the present invention provides a roof / pillar displacement, stress monitoring-early warning integrated system and method, and the specific implementation scheme is as follows. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0057] The present invention provides a roof / pillar displacement, stress monitoring-early warning integrated system, which realizes the integration of monitoring, early warning and alarm. Figure 1 The system includes a monitoring device 1, a data transmission system 2 and a terminal control 3, and the terminal control 3 includes a data processing system and an early warning system.

[0058] The monitoring device comprises a plurality of monitoring boxes, which are used to be arranged on the roof and / or the pillars in the monitoring area, each of which is provided with a displacement sensor for monitoring the displacement change of the roof or the pillar and a stress sensor for monitoring the stress change of the roof or the pillar, and in the plurality of monitoring boxes arranged on the roof or the pillar, adjacent monitoring boxes are elastically connected by a connecting piece, and the stress sensor is connected to the connecting piece;

[0059] The data transmission system is connected to the displacement sensor, the stress sensor and the data processing system, and is used to transmit the monitoring data collected by the displacement sensor and the stress sensor to the data processing system in the form of electrical signals;

[0060] The data processing system is used to convert the monitoring data from electrical signals into readable digital signals and to calibrate the spatial position of the monitoring device, and to draw a full-section displacement deformation and stress distribution curve of the roof and / or pillars in the monitoring area, to realize the visualization of the displacement deformation and stress distribution of the roof and / or pillars in the monitoring area, and to save the monitoring data in real time;

[0061] The early warning system is used to identify monitoring data to obtain early warning results and to issue an alarm based on the early warning results.

[0062] In some embodiments of the present invention, the connecting member is a spring 8 .

[0063] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 2 As shown, multiple sections of piston-type double-track guide tubes are arranged along the extension direction of the top plate and along the height direction of the frame column, and multiple monitoring boxes 7 are correspondingly arranged. Two rows of four guide wheels 9 are installed on the upper and lower outer walls of each monitoring box 7, and the guide wheels 9 are slidably arranged on the track grooves 13 of the guide tube 10.

[0064] See also Figure 2 The monitoring device includes a plurality of monitoring boxes 7, a catheter 10 and a spring 8. Adjacent monitoring boxes 7 are connected by springs 8. A displacement sensor 11 and a stress sensor 12 are arranged in each monitoring box 7, and the stress sensor 12 is connected to the corresponding spring 8.

[0065] The upper and lower surfaces of the inner wall of the conduit 10 are both provided with mutually parallel rail grooves 13, and the guide wheels 9 on both sides of the monitoring box 7 are respectively slidably set in the upper and lower rail grooves 13, and the anchor nails used to fix the monitoring box 7 pass through the conduit 10 and are fixed on the rock mass.

[0066] In some embodiments of the present invention, the catheter 10 is a snap-fit ​​structure to facilitate the installation of the catheter and the monitoring box, as well as the arrangement of wires and the like.

[0067] In some embodiments of the present invention, the conduit 10 is a multi-section piston double-track conduit, that is, it includes multiple sections of pipes, and the overall length of the conduit 10 can be extended or shortened by expanding and contracting the pipes. The deformation of the rock material may be greater than the deformation of the material of the monitoring device. By setting the conduit 10 to a multi-section piston type, it is possible to prevent the monitoring box 7 from damaging the monitoring device when the roof / pillar is deformed, thereby reducing the interference of the monitoring device on the monitoring results.

[0068] In some embodiments of the present invention, the monitoring box 7 and the catheter 10 are both anchored by anchors, and the catheter, spring, anchors, etc. are made of corrosion-resistant materials.

[0069] The data processing system includes a basic parameter setting module and an electrical signal conversion module, wherein the basic parameter setting module is used to set the physical and mechanical property parameters of the rock mass in the monitoring area (such as compressive strength, tensile strength, Poisson's ratio, elastic modulus, cohesion, etc.), the spatial position coordinate parameters of the monitoring box, and is used for spatial calibration. The spatial calibration method is: first, each monitoring box is numbered, and the spatial position and stress state of the monitoring point are calibrated through initialization processing, and the calibration value is used as the first set of data for monitoring dynamic changes; the electrical signal conversion module is used to convert the displacement and stress electrical signals collected by the monitoring device into readable data, so as to realize real-time online readability and storage of the monitoring data.

[0070] The early warning system includes a threshold module, an early warning module, an alarm module and a wireless sharing module. The threshold module is used to determine the monitoring early warning reference value. The early warning module is used to divide the early warning level interval based on the monitoring early warning reference value and the relevant safety engineering monitoring standards to determine the early warning level result through the early warning level interval. The alarm module is used to determine whether to alarm according to the early warning level result. The wireless sharing module is used to realize the wireless connection between the alarm module and the personnel alarm equipment. The monitoring terminal control and the personnel alarm equipment are shared in real time.

[0071] The threshold module includes a rock mass threshold parameter submodule and a monitoring area structure critical state threshold calculation submodule. The rock mass threshold parameter submodule is used to set the rock mass state discrimination standard, including threshold parameters of compressive strength, tensile strength, and shear strength. The monitoring area structure critical state threshold calculation submodule includes a displacement and stress calculation unit of the roof and / or pillar structure, which is used to calculate the displacement and stress threshold of the roof or pillar, that is, the monitoring and early warning reference value. By selecting a structure to be detected in the monitoring area, the structure to be detected is the roof and / or pillar structure, inputting the structural parameters of the structure to be detected (the roof includes span and thickness; the pillar includes height and width), and the physical and mechanical parameters of the rock mass (including elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, cohesion, internal friction angle, etc.), the critical state threshold of the roof or pillar structure is calculated, wherein the critical state threshold of the roof structure includes a tensile stress threshold and a displacement threshold, and the critical state threshold of the pillar structure includes a compressive stress threshold and a displacement threshold; wherein:

[0072] Tensile stress threshold of roof structure: σ t =[σ t ]

[0073] Displacement threshold of the roof structure:

[0074] Among them, [σ t ] is the tensile strength of the rock mass; b is the unit width of the top plate; h is the thickness of the top plate; E is the elastic modulus of the rock mass; I is the section moment of inertia of the top plate; x is the length variable;

[0075] The compressive stress threshold of the pillar structure: [σ p ]=[σ c ](0.64+0.36(W p / H0)) α

[0076] Displacement threshold of pillar structure:

[0077] Among them, W p is the width of the pillar; H0 is the height of the pillar; A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the pillar; [σ c ] is the compressive strength of rock mass; α is a constant.

[0078] The warning level result set by the warning module includes multiple levels, and the alarm module includes an alarm, which responds to the different levels determined by the warning module by lighting different colors. In some embodiments of the present invention, four warning levels of red, orange, yellow, and blue are set in the warning module, and the alarm includes four colors of red, orange, yellow, and blue. The color of the light of the alarm is controlled by the warning result of the alarm module, and the warning levels correspond to the four colors of the alarm, red, orange, yellow, and blue, respectively. When the warning level is orange and red, the alarm will issue an alarm prompt.

[0079] The present invention also provides a roof / pillar displacement, stress monitoring and early warning integrated method, which is implemented based on the system provided in the above embodiment, and the method includes the following steps:

[0080] Step 1: Determine the monitoring area and determine the monitoring points on the roof and / or pillars of the monitoring area, and set a monitoring box at the position corresponding to each monitoring point.

[0081] This step includes the following sub-steps:

[0082] Step 1.1: Determine the roof / pillars to be monitored in the monitoring area, clean up the larger protrusions on the surface of the roof / pillars in the monitoring area, determine the number of monitoring points according to the monitoring level requirements, calibrate the positions of the monitoring points (in some embodiments of the present invention, all monitoring points are located on a line to facilitate construction and prevent the monitoring points from being displaced too much and affecting the monitoring results), drill anchor holes at the determined monitoring points, fix the catheter, the catheter passes through all the monitoring points, and a monitoring box is provided on the catheter and at the position corresponding to each monitoring point. The monitoring box 7 is fixed to the rock mass by passing the catheter through the anchor nail 6, and adjacent monitoring boxes 7 are connected by springs 8. The anchorage and independence of the catheter and the monitoring box are checked.

[0083] Step 1.2: Install the data transmission optical fiber and power line of each monitoring box 7, arrange them along the catheter, and lead them out at one end. At the same time, check the independent mobility of the catheter and buckle the catheter up and down.

[0084] Step 1.3: Lay and install power lines and data transmission optical fibers to the ground terminal control, and install the alarm in the alarm module several meters away from the monitoring area and in the terminal control room.

[0085] Step 2: Calibrate the initial spatial position and stress state of each monitoring box in the monitoring device through the data processing system, and use the calibration value as the first set of data for monitoring dynamic changes.

[0086] This step includes the following sub-steps:

[0087] Step 2.1: Open the monitoring client in the computer controlled by the terminal, input the attribute information of the monitoring area through the basic parameter setting module, number each monitoring box, calibrate the spatial position and stress state of the monitoring point through initialization processing, use the calibration value as the first set of data for monitoring dynamic changes, convert the collected electrical signals into readable data through the electronic signal conversion module, monitor the displacement changes of the roof or pillars through the displacement sensor, and monitor the stress changes of the roof / pillars through the stress sensor.

[0088] Step 2.2: Based on the correspondence between monitoring points and monitoring data, as well as the continuity characteristics of displacement deformation and stress, a full-section displacement deformation and stress distribution curve of the monitoring location is drawn to visualize the displacement deformation and stress distribution in the monitoring area and save the monitoring data in real time.

[0089] Step 3: Monitor the displacement change of the roof or the pillar through the displacement sensor set in the monitoring box, monitor the stress change of the roof or the pillar through the stress sensor set in the monitoring box, and transmit the monitoring data to the data processing system through the data transmission system.

[0090] Step 4: The data processing system draws a full-section displacement deformation and stress distribution curve of the roof and / or pillars in the monitoring area through the corresponding relationship between the monitoring points and the monitoring data, as well as the continuity characteristics of the displacement deformation and stress, so as to visualize the displacement deformation and stress distribution of the roof and / or pillars in the monitoring area and save the monitoring data in real time.

[0091] Step 5: Identify the monitoring data to obtain early warning results, and issue an alarm based on the early warning results.

[0092] This step includes the following sub-steps:

[0093] Step 5.1: Through the threshold module in the early warning system, set the threshold parameters of the rock mass in the monitoring area, including the threshold parameters of compressive strength, tensile strength, and shear strength; select the structure type to be monitored in the monitoring area in the critical state threshold calculation unit of the monitoring area structure, input the corresponding calculation parameters of the structure type (including structural parameters and rock mass physical and mechanical parameters), calculate the critical displacement and stress thresholds of the monitoring structure in the monitoring area (other methods can also be used to obtain them), as the monitoring and early warning reference value;

[0094] In some embodiments of the present invention, the structural parameters of the roof structure include span and thickness, the structural parameters of the pillar structure include height and width, and the physical and mechanical parameters of the rock mass include elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, cohesion, internal friction angle, etc.

[0095] Step 5.2: Set four warning levels of red, orange, yellow and blue through the alarm module. The warning level interval is set based on the monitoring warning reference value and the relevant safety engineering monitoring standards. Import the monitoring data obtained by the data processing system and identify the warning level of the monitoring data through the warning module;

[0096] Step 5.3: Start the alarm module of the early warning system, access the early warning results of the early warning module, and connect the alarm externally. The alarm has four colors: red, orange, yellow, and blue. The color of the alarm light is controlled by the early warning results of the alarm module.

[0097] The warning levels correspond to the four colors of the alarm: red, orange, yellow and blue. When the warning level is orange and red, the alarm will issue an alarm prompt.

[0098] Step 5.4: Activate the wireless sharing module, access the monitoring data, early warning module data, and alarm module data, read the IP address of the monitoring area, activate the personnel alarm equipment, match the personnel alarm equipment with the wireless sharing module through the IP address, access the data transmission and alarm module, ensure the real-time synchronization of the monitoring data, and realize the real-time synchronization and response of the early warning system.

[0099] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A roof / pillar displacement and stress monitoring-early warning integrated system, characterized in that: It includes a monitoring device, a data transmission system and a terminal control, wherein the terminal control includes a data processing system and an early warning system; The monitoring device comprises a plurality of monitoring boxes, which are used to be arranged on the roof and / or the pillars in the monitoring area, each of which is provided with a displacement sensor for monitoring the displacement change of the roof or the pillar and a stress sensor for monitoring the stress change of the roof or the pillar, and in the plurality of monitoring boxes arranged on the roof or the pillar, adjacent monitoring boxes are elastically connected by a connecting piece, and the stress sensor is connected to the connecting piece; The data transmission system is connected to the displacement sensor, the stress sensor and the data processing system, and is used to transmit the monitoring data collected by the displacement sensor and the stress sensor to the data processing system in the form of electrical signals; The data processing system is used to convert the monitoring data from electrical signals into readable digital signals and to calibrate the spatial position of the monitoring device, and to draw a full-section displacement deformation and stress distribution curve of the roof and / or pillars in the monitoring area, so as to visualize the displacement deformation and stress distribution of the roof and / or pillars in the monitoring area, and to save the monitoring data in real time; The early warning system is used to identify monitoring data to obtain early warning results and to issue an alarm based on the early warning results.

2. The integrated system for monitoring and early warning of roof / pillar displacement and stress according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The connecting piece is a spring.

3. The integrated system for monitoring and early warning of roof / pillar displacement and stress according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The monitoring device also includes a guide tube, and a plurality of monitoring boxes arranged on the roof or the mine pillar are arranged at intervals and slidably arranged in the guide tube.

4. The integrated system for monitoring and early warning of roof / pillar displacement and stress according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data processing system includes a basic parameter setting module and an electrical signal conversion module. The basic parameter setting module is used to set the physical and mechanical property parameters of the rock mass in the monitoring area and the spatial position coordinate parameters of the monitoring box, and is used for spatial calibration. The spatial calibration includes: firstly numbering each monitoring box, calibrating the spatial position and stress state of the monitoring point, and using the calibration value as the first set of data for monitoring dynamic changes; the electrical signal conversion module is used to convert the displacement and stress electrical signals collected by the monitoring device into readable data, so as to realize real-time online readability and storage of the monitoring data.

5. A roof / pillar displacement and stress monitoring-early warning integrated system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The early warning system includes a threshold module, an early warning module, an alarm module and a wireless sharing module. The threshold module is used to determine the monitoring early warning reference value. The early warning module is used to divide the early warning level interval based on the monitoring early warning reference value and the safety engineering monitoring standard to determine the early warning level result through the early warning level interval. The alarm module is used to determine whether to alarm according to the early warning level result. The wireless sharing module is used to realize the wireless connection between the alarm module and the personnel alarm equipment.

6. The integrated system for monitoring and early warning of roof / pillar displacement and stress according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The threshold module includes a rock mass threshold parameter submodule and a monitoring area structure critical state threshold calculation submodule. The rock mass threshold parameter submodule is used to set the judgment criteria of the rock mass state, including threshold parameters of compressive strength, tensile strength, and shear strength. The monitoring area structure critical state threshold calculation submodule includes a displacement and stress calculation unit of the roof and / or pillar structure, which is used to calculate the displacement and stress thresholds of the roof or pillar, that is, the monitoring and early warning reference value. By selecting a structure to be detected in the monitoring area, the structure to be detected is a roof and / or pillar structure, inputting the structural parameters of the structure to be detected and the physical and mechanical parameters of the rock mass, the critical state threshold of the roof or pillar structure is calculated.

7. The integrated system for monitoring and early warning of roof / pillar displacement and stress according to claim 6, characterized in that: The critical state thresholds of the roof structure include the tensile stress threshold and the displacement threshold, and the critical state thresholds of the pillar structure include the compressive stress threshold and the displacement threshold; Tensile stress threshold of roof structure: σ t =[σ t ] Displacement threshold of the roof structure: Among them, [σ t ] is the tensile strength of the rock mass; b is the unit width of the top plate; h is the thickness of the top plate; E is the elastic modulus of the rock mass; I is the section moment of inertia of the top plate; x is the length variable; The compressive stress threshold of the pillar structure: [σ p ]=[σ c ](0.64+0.36(W p / H0)) α Displacement threshold of pillar structure: Among them, W p is the width of the pillar; H0 is the height of the pillar; A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the pillar; [σ c ] is the compressive strength of rock mass; α is a constant.

8. The integrated system for monitoring and early warning of roof / pillar displacement and stress according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The warning level result set by the warning module includes multiple levels, and the alarm module includes an alarm, which responds to different levels determined by the warning module by lighting up different colors.

9. A roof / pillar displacement and stress monitoring-early warning integrated method, characterized in that: Using the roof / pillar monitoring system of claim 6, the method comprises the following steps: Determine the monitoring area; Determine monitoring points on the roof and / or pillars of the monitoring area, and set a monitoring box at the position corresponding to each monitoring point; The initial spatial position and stress state of each monitoring point are calibrated through the data processing system, and the calibration value is used as the first set of data for monitoring dynamic changes; The displacement change of the roof or the pillar is monitored by the displacement sensor arranged in the monitoring box, the stress change of the roof or the pillar is monitored by the stress sensor arranged in the monitoring box, and the monitoring data is transmitted to the data processing system through the data transmission system; The data processing system draws a curve diagram of the displacement deformation and stress distribution of the roof and / or pillars in the monitoring area through the corresponding relationship between the monitoring points and the monitoring data, as well as the continuity characteristics of the displacement deformation and stress, so as to realize the visualization of the displacement deformation and stress distribution of the roof and / or pillars in the monitoring area, and save the monitoring data in real time; Identify the monitoring data to obtain early warning results.

10. A roof / pillar displacement and stress monitoring-early warning integrated method according to claim 9, characterized in that: After obtaining the displacement and stress monitoring data, the following steps are also included: The rock mass threshold parameters of the monitoring area are set in the rock mass threshold parameter submodule in the threshold module. The structure type to be monitored in the monitoring area is selected through the monitoring area structure critical state threshold calculation submodule, and the structural parameters and rock mass physical and mechanical parameters corresponding to the structure type are input to calculate the monitoring and early warning reference value of the monitoring structure in the monitoring area; Import the monitoring data obtained by the data processing system into the early warning module, and identify and obtain the early warning level results; The wireless sharing module will share monitoring data, alarm data and personnel alarm configuration in real time, realizing real-time synchronization and response of the early warning system.

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