All-weather outdoor surface radiation refrigeration performance test system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of performance testing, in particular to an all-weather outdoor surface radiation refrigeration performance testing system which comprises a testing mechanism used for collecting testing data of a tested material, and the testing mechanism comprises a main testing module used for testing the material and an auxiliary material testing module used for testing a contrast material; the small meteorological station is used for collecting data of an external environment and is arranged on one side, facing the sun, of the testing mechanism; the upper computer is used for collecting and analyzing data collected by the testing mechanism and the small meteorological station; the portable data collector is in data interaction connection with the small-sized weather station and the test mechanism, and the portable data collector is used for transmitting data collected by the small-sized weather station and the test mechanism to the upper computer. According to the invention, data such as environment temperature, humidity, solar radiation intensity, illuminance and surface temperature drop can be obtained in real time; performance evaluation and feasibility analysis are carried out on the refrigeration power, the cooling capacity and the heat exchange capacity of the tested material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of performance testing, and in particular to an all-weather outdoor surface radiation refrigeration performance testing system. Background Art

[0002] In the context of the growing global energy demand, efficient cooling technology is imminent. However, traditional cooling methods consume a lot of energy and have many other disadvantages during use. Radiative cooling does not consume any energy and can reduce its temperature to below the ambient temperature, but the radiative cooling surface or device is not suitable for all geographical environments and climatic conditions, and the radiative cooling power is affected by factors such as light intensity, temperature and humidity, and geographical conditions. As the core component of radiative cooling technology, the performance of the radiative cooling surface directly affects the cooling effect. The cooling capacity of the radiative surface material is closely related to the composition of the experimental device and the environmental variables of the experiment. It is inaccurate to evaluate the radiative cooling surface capacity only by relying on cooling data; therefore, there is an urgent need for an all-weather outdoor surface radiative cooling performance test system that can obtain real-time data such as ambient temperature, humidity, solar radiation intensity, illuminance, and surface temperature drop; through the measured data, the cooling power and cooling capacity of the radiative cooling film, and the heat exchange capacity can be evaluated and feasibility analyzed. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an all-weather outdoor surface radiation cooling performance testing system to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following scheme: an all-weather outdoor surface radiation cooling performance test system, comprising: a test mechanism, the test mechanism is used to collect test data of the material to be tested, the test mechanism includes a main test module for testing the material and a material auxiliary test module for testing the control material; a small weather station, the small weather station is used to collect data of the external environment, the small weather station is arranged on the side of the test mechanism facing the sun; a host computer, the host computer is used to collect and analyze the data collected by the test mechanism and the small weather station; a portable data collector, the portable data collector is interactively connected with the small weather station and the test mechanism, and the portable data collector is used to transmit the data collected by the small weather station and the test mechanism to the host computer.

[0005] Preferably, the main test module comprises a heat-insulating base, and a cavity for placing the material to be tested is formed on the top surface of the heat-insulating base.

[0006] Preferably, a base is installed in the cavity, a support plate for placing the material to be measured is installed on the top surface of the base, a first temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the material to be measured is installed between the support plate and the base, and a second temperature sensor for measuring the temperature in the cavity is installed on the inner wall of the cavity.

[0007] Preferably, a windshield film is provided on the top surface of the cavity, and the windshield film is installed on the top surface of the heat insulation base.

[0008] Preferably, the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor transmit the collected data to the portable data collector.

[0009] Preferably, the secondary test module adopts the same structure as the main test module.

[0010] Preferably, the small weather station includes a bracket, on which are mounted a wind speed sensor for measuring wind speed, a solar radiation intensity sensor for measuring solar radiation intensity, a temperature and humidity sensor for measuring ambient temperature and relative humidity, and a light intensity sensor for measuring light intensity.

[0011] Preferably, the small weather station also includes a power supply box for providing power to the wind speed sensor, the solar radiation intensity sensor, the temperature and humidity sensor, and the illuminance sensor.

[0012] Preferably, the wind speed sensor, the solar radiation intensity sensor, the temperature and humidity sensor, and the illuminance sensor transmit the collected data to the portable data collector.

[0013] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0014] The present invention collects data of the external environment through a small meteorological station, collects test data of the tested material through a testing mechanism, and transmits the data collected by the small meteorological station and the testing mechanism to a host computer through a portable data collector, and then collects and analyzes the data collected by the testing mechanism and the small meteorological station through the host computer; so that the present invention can obtain data such as ambient temperature, humidity, solar radiation intensity, illuminance, surface temperature drop, etc. in real time; and through the measured data, it can perform performance evaluation and feasibility analysis on the refrigeration power, cooling capacity, and heat exchange capacity of the tested material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a small weather station of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main test module of the present invention from top view;

[0019] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at AA in the middle;

[0020] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of data transmission of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 It is a functional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Among them, 1. host computer; 2. portable data acquisition device; 3. auxiliary test module; 4. main test module; 5. wind shield film; 6. aluminum foil; 7. heat insulation base; 8. base; 9. first temperature sensor; 10. support plate; 11. radiation cooling film; 12. second temperature sensor; 13. small weather station; 14. wind speed sensor; 15. solar radiation intensity sensor; 16. temperature and humidity sensor; 17. power supply box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The possible implementation schemes found in the art are:

[0025] The patent with patent announcement number CN111272810A discloses a radiation refrigeration film refrigeration performance test device, including a metal tank body, a cover body arranged on one side of the metal tank body, and a temperature measuring device arranged outside the cover body. The cover body is provided with an opening whose diameter matches the diameter of the thermocouple temperature sensing port of the temperature measuring device. A conduit is extended from the opening into the metal tank body. The thermocouple temperature sensing end of the temperature measuring device penetrates from the opening and extends into the metal tank body along the conduit to ensure that the position of the thermocouple temperature sensing end of the temperature measuring device in the metal tank body is fixed, thereby ensuring the comparability of each test. An intermediate layer and a refrigeration film are attached to the outside of the metal tank body in sequence. The intermediate layer is a silver film or aluminum foil. The top of the metal tank body is polished to form an excellent arc surface, which increases the arc surface tension of the metal tank body, so that the refrigeration film and the intermediate layer can be more closely attached to the metal tank body, thereby making heat conduction smoother and improving the accuracy of the test results. The bottom of the metal tank body is flat to ensure stability during testing and prevent the metal tank body from shaking and rolling.

[0026] The patent sets a metal tank body with an openable and closable cover, and an opening and a conduit are set on the cover body, so that the thermocouple temperature sensing end of the temperature measuring device can be inserted into the metal tank body, and the position of the thermocouple temperature sensing end of the temperature measuring device in the metal tank body can be fixed, thereby ensuring the comparability of each test. The patent sets the top of the metal tank body into an optimal arc surface, increases the arc surface tension of the metal tank body, and allows the refrigeration film and the middle layer to be more closely attached to the metal tank body, making heat conduction smoother and improving the accuracy of the test results; at the same time, the bottom of the metal tank body is set to a plane to ensure stability during testing and prevent the metal tank body from shaking and rolling. In addition, the patent also sets a sealing ring in the cover body to seal and fix the cover body. The patent has a simple structure, ingenious construction, low manufacturing cost, good sealing, and can quickly evaluate the radiation refrigeration performance of the film before coating, reducing the test cost.

[0027] Patent announcement number CN113063720A discloses a radiation cooling performance testing device, including a base, a thermometer, a height adjustment mechanism, a column, an angle adjustment mechanism, a sample stage, a sample device, an anti-interference cap, a radiation cooling sample and a flip cover, wherein the thermometer is installed in the base, the bottom end of the height adjustment mechanism is fastened to the base, the bottom end of the column is fixedly installed on the height adjustment mechanism, the angle adjustment mechanism is locked and installed on the column, the sample stage is located at the top of the angle adjustment mechanism, the sample device is installed on the sample stage, and the anti-interference cap is placed on the The top of the sample device, the radiation cooling sample is located at the top of the sample device, the flip cover is rotatably installed on the base, the column includes a connecting column and a thin rod, the bottom end of the thin rod is embedded and installed on the connecting column, the connecting column is combined and connected with the height adjustment mechanism, the sample device includes a rod body, a nut mouth and a rod cap, the top of the rod body is clamped and installed with the rod cap, the bottom of the rod body is prefabricated with the nut mouth, the anti-interference cap includes a cap body and a small hole, the cap body is prefabricated with the small hole, the cap body is placed on the top of the sample device, the small hole is sealed with the rubber ring, and the diameter of the small hole is 0.4CM.

[0028] This patent optimizes the setting of the anti-interference cap with an integrated cap body structure. The anti-interference cap can be easily installed on the sample device. It has a simple and practical structure, and a silver film or white paint is attached to the surface to reduce the absorption of solar radiation by the accessory itself, which can effectively prevent excess light from interfering with experimental data.

[0029] This patent optimizes the setting of the sample device. A nut mouth is set at the bottom of the sample device, and the sample device can be easily installed on the sample table by screws. In addition, multiple screw mouths are set on the sample table. The number of screw mouths can be set according to needs to facilitate the simultaneous installation and testing of multiple samples. The sample device is easy to install, and multiple sample devices can be placed to achieve simultaneous testing of multiple samples. Placing samples at equal distances on the same platform can make the air disturbance and environmental thermal radiation around different samples basically consistent, thereby improving the comparability of test results.

[0030] This patent optimizes the height adjustment mechanism at the bottom end of the column. When it is necessary to adjust the height of the sample device to reduce the impact of ground radiation on the test results, the motor is simply controlled to rotate the threaded shaft, and the threaded shaft cooperates with the thread of the second seat body to achieve height adjustment in the vertical direction. The structure is simple and practical, the height of the radiation refrigeration performance test device is convenient to adjust, and the coordinated use effect is good. The connection method between the height adjustment mechanism and the column is simple and practical, and the connection effect is good.

[0031] This patent optimizes the setting of the angle component and utilizes the first rotating shaft on the first motor so that the connecting plate embedded with the first rotating shaft can control the adjustment of the overall angle of the sample stage. The angle adjustment can be easily controlled and can be adjusted in real time according to usage requirements, which is simple and convenient.

[0032] This patent optimizes the setting of the rotating component, the second rotating shaft on the second motor rotates, and the angle component is connected to the second rotating shaft, so that the angle component and the sample stage on the angle component can be driven to rotate as a whole, so that when the sample is tilted, the sample position can be adjusted according to the direction of sunlight at different times to facilitate detection, and the rotation adjustment method is simple and practical.

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0035] Embodiment 1

[0036] Reference Figure 1-Figure 6, the present invention provides an all-weather outdoor surface radiation cooling performance test system, including: a test mechanism, the test mechanism is used to collect test data of the material to be tested, the test mechanism includes a main test module 4 for testing the material and a material auxiliary test module 3 for testing the control material; a small meteorological station 13, the small meteorological station 13 is used to collect data of the external environment, and the small meteorological station 13 is arranged on the side of the test mechanism facing the sun; a host computer 1, the host computer 1 is used to collect and analyze the data collected by the test mechanism and the small meteorological station 13; a portable data collector 2, the portable data collector 2 is connected with the small meteorological station 13 and the test mechanism data interactively, and the portable data collector 2 is used to transmit the data collected by the small meteorological station 13 and the test mechanism to the host computer 1.

[0037] The upper computer 1 usually refers to a computer that can directly issue control commands, usually a PC, host computer, master computer or upper computer. It can display various signal changes, such as hydraulic pressure, water level, temperature, etc. The command issued by the upper computer 1 is first given to the lower computer, and the lower computer then interprets the command into the corresponding timing signal to directly control the corresponding device. The lower computer reads the device status data (usually analog quantity) from time to time, converts it into a digital signal and feeds it back to the upper computer 1.

[0038] Working principle of upper computer 1: Communication process: How the two machines communicate generally depends on the lower computer. TCP / IP is generally supported, but the lower computer generally has a more reliable unique communication protocol. Communication protocol: The upper computer 1 and the lower computer can use different communication protocols for communication, which can be RS232 serial communication or RS485 serial communication. When using computers and PLCs to communicate, not only can traditional D-type serial communication be used, but also two-wire PROFIBUS-DP communication, which is more suitable for industrial control, can be used.

[0039] The upper computer 1 can communicate with the lower computer and other devices through various communication protocols (such as TCP / IP, RS232, Modbus, etc.) to achieve data interaction and transmission of control commands.

[0040] The distance between the auxiliary test module 3 and the main test module 4 is 1 mm.

[0041] The present invention collects data of the external environment through a small meteorological station 13, collects test data of the tested material through a test mechanism, and transmits the data collected by the small meteorological station 13 and the test mechanism to a host computer 1 through a portable data collector 2, and then the host computer 1 collects and analyzes the data collected by the test mechanism and the small meteorological station 13; the present invention can obtain data such as ambient temperature, humidity, solar radiation intensity, illuminance, surface temperature drop, etc. in real time; and through the measured data, the refrigeration power, cooling capacity, and heat exchange capacity of the tested material can be evaluated for performance and feasibility analysis.

[0042] In a further optimized solution, the main test module 4 includes a heat-insulating base 7, and a cavity for placing the material to be tested is provided on the top surface of the heat-insulating base 7. The material to be tested can be stably placed in the heat-insulating base 7 through the cavity.

[0043] In order to reduce the absorption of solar radiation by the heat insulating base 7 , the outer walls of the heat insulating base 7 are respectively coated with aluminum foil 6 .

[0044] According to a further optimization scheme, a base 8 is installed in the cavity, a support plate 10 for placing the material to be measured is installed on the top surface of the base 8, a first temperature sensor 9 for measuring the temperature of the material to be measured is installed between the support plate 10 and the base 8, and a second temperature sensor 12 for measuring the temperature in the cavity is installed on the inner wall of the cavity.

[0045] The heat-insulating base 7 and the pedestal 8 are made of heat-insulating materials such as foam plastics and organic glass; the support plate 10 is made of an aluminum plate or a copper plate with good thermal conductivity.

[0046] The cavity can protect the base 8, the support plate 10, the material to be measured, the first temperature sensor 9, and the second temperature sensor 12, and at the same time, can also isolate the external heat conduction.

[0047] The base 8 supports the support plate 10 , so that the support plate 10 can support the material to be tested by laying it flat along the support plate 10 .

[0048] In a further optimized solution, a windshield film 5 is provided on the top surface of the cavity, and the windshield film 5 is installed on the top surface of the heat-insulating base 7. The windshield film 5 can surround the top surface of the cavity, and the windshield film 5 can also be used to reduce the impact of heat convection on the test results of the tested material.

[0049] The windshield film 5 is made of light-transmitting materials such as PE film and PVC film. In order to improve the transmittance of the windshield film 5, the thickness of the windshield film 5 is less than 1 mm.

[0050] In a further optimized solution, the first temperature sensor 9 and the second temperature sensor 12 transmit the collected data to the portable data collector 2, so as to realize all-weather data collection.

[0051] During measurement, the first temperature sensor 9 measures the temperature of the material being measured, and the second temperature sensor 12 measures the temperature in the cavity; the first temperature sensor 9 and the second temperature sensor 12 are preferably thermocouples, but other types of sensors may also be used.

[0052] To further optimize the solution, the auxiliary test module 3 adopts the same structure as the main test module 4.

[0053] A radiation cooling film 11 is placed on the support plate 10 in the main test module 4 and the support plate 10 in the auxiliary test module 3 , respectively, so that the auxiliary test module 3 can serve as a control group of the main test module 4 .

[0054] According to a further optimization scheme, the small meteorological station 13 includes a bracket on which are mounted a wind speed sensor 14 for measuring wind speed, a solar radiation intensity sensor 15 for measuring solar radiation intensity, a temperature and humidity sensor 16 for measuring ambient temperature and relative humidity, and a light intensity sensor for measuring light intensity.

[0055] The solar radiation intensity sensor 15 is a solar total radiation intensity sensor.

[0056] The wind speed sensor 14 is a rotary wind speed sensor.

[0057] Further optimizing the scheme, the small weather station 13 also includes a power supply box 17 for providing power to the wind speed sensor 14, the solar radiation intensity sensor 15, the temperature and humidity sensor 16, and the light intensity sensor. The power supply box 17 can provide power to the wind speed sensor 14, the solar radiation intensity sensor 15, the temperature and humidity sensor 16, and the light intensity sensor, so that all-weather data collection can be achieved.

[0058] The power supply box 17 uses a power supply that can support more than 24 hours of continuous power supply outdoors, providing convenience for outdoor test site selection and effectively reducing the requirements for the test environment.

[0059] To further optimize the solution, the wind speed sensor 14 , the solar radiation intensity sensor 15 , the temperature and humidity sensor 16 , and the illuminance sensor transmit the collected data to the portable data collector 2 .

[0060] The wind speed sensor 14, the solar radiation intensity sensor 15, the temperature and humidity sensor 16, and the light intensity sensor are respectively connected to the portable data collector 2 for communication, so that the portable data collector 2 can realize all-weather data collection.

[0061] Working process: place the small weather station 13 on the sunny side of the auxiliary test module 3 and the main test module 4, and then install the radiation cooling film 11 into the auxiliary test module 3 and the main test module 4 respectively; the first temperature sensor 9 in the auxiliary test module 3 and the main test module 4 measures the real-time temperature of the radiation cooling film, and the second temperature sensor 12 records the temperature inside the cavity; the small weather station 13 is equipped with a wind speed sensor 14 to measure the wind speed of the surrounding environment, a solar radiation intensity sensor 15 to measure the solar radiation intensity of the surrounding environment, a temperature and humidity sensor 16 to measure the temperature and relative humidity of the surrounding environment, and an illuminance sensor to measure the illuminance of the environment; the portable data collector 2 collects and records the data collected by the wind speed sensor 14, the solar radiation intensity sensor 15, the temperature and humidity sensor 16, and the illuminance sensor, as well as the temperature of the radiation cooling film 11 in the auxiliary test module 3 and the main test module 4, the temperature in the cavity, and other data; the host computer 1 sends inquiries and control commands to the portable data collector 2 to read the collected data and control the sampling frequency and operation status.

[0062] Embodiment 2

[0063] Reference Figure 7 The present invention has a manual sampling mode and an automatic sampling mode. The manual sampling mode is used to debug the overall system before testing, and the automatic sampling mode is used to collect test data of samples at a fixed sampling frequency within a certain time range. The visualization function uses the measured data to draw dynamic curves and save them automatically. The data collection function exports and saves data from the collector and uploads it to the database. The interactive function includes sensor signal data processing and the logical sequence and operation commands of the test process. The remote control function includes Internet remote access and real-time control of the test system.

[0064] Embodiment 3

[0065] Since the cooling film has the ability to radiate energy to the sky through the atmospheric window, when the radiation cooling power is greater than the surrounding solar radiation power and the surrounding environment radiation power, the surface temperature of the radiation cooling film will be lower than the surrounding environment temperature. The present invention is also portable, and only one person is needed to complete the transportation assembly and operation setting of the test system, maximizing the requirements of the test system for the test environment. The present invention can be operated across platforms, and is set to draw curves in real time, and save and export data in real time. The present invention can measure the factors that affect radiation cooling, and is suitable for performance testing of radiation cooling films in different geographical environments; at the same time, it can also be started and run across Windows and Linux platforms, draw curves in real time, and perform modular testing; the present invention also reserves an improved upgrade interface that is compatible with the expanded application of radiation cooling, and can also perform performance testing of expanded applications such as thermoelectric, photovoltaic, and condensation.

[0066] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0067] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An all-weather outdoor surface radiation cooling performance test system, characterized by: include: A testing mechanism, the testing mechanism is used to collect test data of the tested material, the testing mechanism comprises a main testing module (4) for testing the material and a material auxiliary testing module (3) for testing the control material; A small weather station (13), the small weather station (13) is used to collect data of the external environment, and the small weather station (13) is arranged on a side of the test mechanism facing the sun; A host computer (1), the host computer (1) is used to collect and analyze data collected by the test mechanism and the small weather station (13); A portable data collector (2), the portable data collector (2) being connected to the small weather station (13) and the testing institution for data exchange, the portable data collector (2) being used to transmit the data collected by the small weather station (13) and the testing institution to the host computer (1).

2. The all-weather outdoor surface radiation cooling performance test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main test module (4) comprises a heat-insulating base (7), and a cavity for placing a material to be tested is provided on the top surface of the heat-insulating base (7).

3. The all-weather outdoor surface radiation cooling performance test system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A base (8) is installed in the cavity, a support plate (10) for placing a material to be measured is installed on the top surface of the base (8), a first temperature sensor (9) for measuring the temperature of the material to be measured is installed between the support plate (10) and the base (8), and a second temperature sensor (12) for measuring the temperature in the cavity is installed on the inner wall of the cavity.

4. The all-weather outdoor surface radiation cooling performance test system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top surface of the cavity is provided with a windshield film (5), and the windshield film (5) is installed on the top surface of the heat insulation base (7).

5. The all-weather outdoor surface radiation cooling performance test system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first temperature sensor (9) and the second temperature sensor (12) transmit the collected data to the portable data collector (2).

6. The all-weather outdoor surface radiation cooling performance test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary test module (3) adopts the same structure as the main test module (4).

7. The all-weather outdoor surface radiation cooling performance test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The small weather station (13) comprises a bracket, on which a wind speed sensor (14) for measuring wind speed, a solar radiation intensity sensor (15) for measuring solar radiation intensity, a temperature and humidity sensor (16) for measuring ambient temperature and relative humidity, and a light intensity sensor for measuring light intensity are installed.

8. The all-weather outdoor surface radiation cooling performance test system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The small weather station (13) also includes a power supply box (17) for providing power to the wind speed sensor (14), the solar radiation intensity sensor (15), the temperature and humidity sensor (16), and the light intensity sensor.

9. The all-weather outdoor surface radiation cooling performance test system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The wind speed sensor (14), the solar radiation intensity sensor (15), the temperature and humidity sensor (16), and the light intensity sensor transmit the collected data to the portable data collector (2).

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