Morning-glory-shaped solar water evaporation generator and preparation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a morning-glory-shaped solar water evaporation generator and a preparation method thereof, and the preparation method specifically comprises the following three steps: S01, preparing wood slurry; s02, hydrogel is prepared, specifically, the wood slurry prepared in S01 serves as a substrate material, natural hydrogel is added, then carbon black and a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound capable of providing a large number of charged functional groups are added, and full stirring is conducted to enable the wood slurry to be fully charged; adding a cross-linking agent into the wood slurry to promote aldol condensation reaction of the wood slurry; and S03, preparing the solar water evaporation generator: pouring the solution subjected to aldol condensation reaction into a customized morning-glory-shaped mold, freezing, demolding and unfreezing to obtain the morning-glory-shaped solar water evaporation generator. The morning-glory-shaped water evaporation generator is structurally divided into three layers, the mangrove is simulated to secrete salt, salt crystallization is achieved only on the edge of the water evaporation generator, salt crystal accumulation is effectively avoided, continuous obtaining of fresh water and electric energy can be conducted, and efficient utilization of resources is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of evaporators, and in particular to a morning glory-shaped solar water evaporation generator and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In response to current energy and environmental issues, we need to obtain new energy, and hydrovoltaic power generation has emerged. Water evaporation power generation is a type of hydrovoltaic power generation. Based on the double layer theory-potential effect, water evaporation generators can convert water energy into electrical energy.

[0003] Using solar energy to induce water evaporation to generate electricity is a research field with novel design ideas and multi-scenario application prospects. It can achieve power output and can be applied to seawater desalination.

[0004] By combining solar-driven interfacial evaporation with water evaporation power generation, we can improve the efficiency of water evaporation power generation, and at the same time produce fresh water, realizing water and power cogeneration, which is an important strategy for addressing energy and environmental issues. Chinese invention patent CN117735649A discloses a 3D structure solar interfacial evaporator with high efficiency desalination and a preparation method thereof, the main preparation method of which includes preparing a carbonized bamboo tube, preparing a bio-based hydrogel using bio-based polymer materials and bio-melanin particles, and compositely assembling the carbonized bamboo tube and the bio-based hydrogel to obtain a solar interfacial evaporator. This type of evaporator can utilize the photothermal effect to enhance the evaporation of water on the surface of the material, thereby accelerating the internal water flow.

[0005] However, the inventors of this application found that the above technology has at least the following technical problems in the process of implementing the technical solution of the invention in the embodiment of this application: This solar-driven interfacial evaporation has its inherent serious problem, that is, as the water evaporates continuously, salt crystals will accumulate on the main part of the surface of the photothermal interface, blocking the surface, thus affecting the absorption of light, blocking the water transmission channel, and ultimately leading to the cessation of the photothermal reaction. Therefore, we need to design a new water evaporation generator to solve this problem of salt crystal accumulation. Summary of the invention

[0006] The embodiment of the present application provides a morning glory-shaped solar water evaporation generator and a preparation method, thereby solving the problem in the prior art that salt crystals accumulate in the solar-driven interface evaporator and cause the photothermal reaction to stop. Salt crystallization is achieved only at the edge of the water evaporation generator, effectively avoiding salt crystal accumulation and extending the service life of the water evaporation generator.

[0007] The present application embodiment provides a method for preparing a morning glory-shaped solar water evaporation power generator, comprising: S01 prepares wood pulp.

[0008] S02 Preparation of hydrogel S0201: using the wood pulp prepared in S01 as a base material, adding natural hydrogel, stirring thoroughly, and then adding carbon black and a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound that can provide a large number of charged functional groups to the wood pulp to which the natural hydrogel is added, and continuing to stir thoroughly, so that the wood pulp is fully charged; S0202 adds a crosslinking agent to the fully charged wood pulp prepared in S0201, in order to cause the wood pulp to undergo an aldol condensation reaction.

[0009] S03 Preparation of solar water evaporation generator The solution that has undergone the aldol condensation reaction in step S0202 is poured into a customized morning glory-shaped mold, frozen for a certain period of time, and demolded and thawed to obtain a morning glory-shaped solar water evaporation generator.

[0010] Preferably, the step S01 of preparing wood pulp specifically comprises the following steps: S0101 uses balsa wood as raw material, puts the balsa wood into a beaker, adds purified water into the beaker, then puts it into a 100℃ oil bath, performs acid treatment, and pours out the liquid in the beaker after stirring for a certain period of time; S0102 is then re-added with purified water and placed in a 100°C oil bath for alkali treatment. After sufficient stirring, it is cooled and the suspension is collected; S0103 After filtering the suspension three times, the solid residue is taken out and the solid residue is configured into a wood pulp suspension.

[0011] Preferably, the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound capable of providing a large number of charged functional groups in step S0201 is specifically piperazine, pyridine, pyrimidine, quinoline, indole or purine.

[0012] Preferably, the natural hydrogel in step S0201 is specifically chitosan, heparin, alginate or fibrin.

[0013] Preferably, the cross-linking agent in the step S0202 is an aldehyde cross-linking agent, a phthalocyanine cross-linking agent or a multifunctional cross-linking agent.

[0014] The embodiment of the present application provides a morning glory-shaped solar water evaporation power generator, which is prepared according to the above method.

[0015] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: 1. The present invention adopts a hydrogel base to prepare a water evaporation generator, and designs the water evaporation generator into a morning glory shape. The morning glory-shaped water evaporation generator is structurally divided into three layers, with salt crystals precipitating on the top layer, generating electricity in the middle layer, and transmitting moisture in the bottom layer, simulating the salt secretion process of mangroves. Therefore, the problem of salt crystal accumulation in the solar-driven interface evaporator in the prior art causing the photothermal reaction to stop is effectively solved, thereby achieving salt crystallization only at the edge of the water evaporation generator, effectively avoiding salt crystal accumulation and extending the service life of the water evaporation generator, enabling continuous acquisition of fresh water and electricity, and realizing efficient use of resources.

[0016] 2. The present invention uses wood as the base material to prepare the hydrogel. Wood pulp has excellent hydrovoltaic power generation effect due to its unique microchannel structure and polar group characteristics.

[0017] 3. The present invention uses hydrogel to prepare a water evaporation generator. The hydrogel has a network structure and hydrophilic groups, and can realize the transmission of water.

[0018] 4. The solar water evaporation power generator provided by the present invention can improve the water evaporation power generation performance by more than 1.5 times compared with the power generation performance without sunlight in the solar evaporation driven heating strategy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a morning glory-shaped water vapor generator of the present application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the water evaporation power generator of this application; Figure 3 This is the result diagram of the luminous heat reaction salt crystallization of the water evaporation power generator in this application; Figure 4 This is a comparison chart of the photothermal reaction power generation performance of the water evaporation power generator of this application, IEHG - the solar evaporation-driven water evaporation power generator prepared by the present invention, IEHG at 1 sun - a solar evaporation-driven water evaporation power generator under a standard sunlight intensity.

[0020] 1- water evaporation generator top layer; 2- water evaporation generator middle layer; 3- water evaporation generator bottom layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The embodiment of the present application provides a morning glory-shaped solar water evaporation generator and a preparation method, thereby solving the problem in the prior art that salt crystals accumulate in the solar-driven interface evaporator and cause the photothermal reaction to stop. Salt crystallization is achieved only at the edge of the water evaporation generator, effectively avoiding salt crystal accumulation and extending the service life of the water evaporation generator.

[0022] The technical solution in the embodiment of the present application is to solve the above-mentioned problem of salt crystallization, and the overall idea is as follows: Wood is used as the base material to prepare hydrogel, and then the hydrogel base is used to prepare the solar water evaporation generator. Wood pulp has a better hydrovoltaic power generation effect due to its unique microchannel structure and polar group characteristics. The hydrogel has a mesh structure and hydrophilic groups, which can realize the function of water transmission. The water evaporation generator is designed to be morning glory-shaped, which is equivalent to designing the water evaporation generator as a three-layer structure. The bottom layer is a cylindrical rhizome part that absorbs water and transmits it upward; the middle layer is a morning glory umbrella-shaped part with an arc, which is mainly used for power generation. The negatively charged hydrogel and the dissociated cations in the water body realize power generation according to the double electric layer theory-streaming potential effect; the top layer is the upper surface of the evaporator, which absorbs sunlight, undergoes photothermal reaction, and precipitates salt crystals. Because the thickness of the morning glory-shaped water evaporation generator decreases from the middle to the edge, the evaporation barrier is lower and the evaporation speed is faster as it goes to the edge, and the salt ions are concentrated faster at the edge. Therefore, the morning glory structure can achieve the precipitation of most salt crystals at the edge of the evaporator without affecting most of the other areas of the evaporator. This effectively solves the problem in the prior art that the photothermal reaction stops due to the accumulation of salt crystals in the solar-driven interface evaporator.

[0023] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. Embodiment 1

[0024] This embodiment provides a method for preparing wood pulp, and the specific steps are as follows: S0101: Cut the purchased balsa wood into several small pieces of about 1cm*1cm*0.2cm, transfer them to a 1000mL beaker, add about 600mL of pure water, transfer them to a 100℃ oil bath, add 10mL of acetic acid for acid treatment, stir for 12 hours and pour out the liquid.

[0025] S0102: Continue to add about 600 mL of pure water to the beaker, transfer it to a 100°C oil bath again, add 10 mL of sodium hydroxide for alkali treatment, and stop heating after stirring for 12 hours.

[0026] S0103: After cooling to room temperature, the obtained suspension is filtered, and the filtering is repeated three times to obtain the solid residue (i.e., cellulose), and the solid residue is transferred to a volumetric flask, and deionized water is added to prepare a wood pulp with a weight fraction of 10%. Embodiment 2

[0027] Preparation of hydrogel S0201: Take 50 mL of the wood pulp prepared in Example 1 in a beaker, add 1 g of chitosan, and then add 1 g of glacial acetic acid and 1 g of hydrochloric acid, and stir at 200 rpm for 10 minutes to fully stir the pulp.

[0028] Add 0.1 g of carbon black and 0.1 g of piperazine to the slurry in the above step, and continue stirring at 200 rpm for 10 minutes to ensure that the slurry is fully charged.

[0029] S0202: Add 600 μL of glutaraldehyde to the slurry in the above step to cause an aldol condensation reaction.

[0030] S03: Preparation of solar water evaporation generator The final product in the beaker was poured into a customized morning glory-shaped mold, and after being frozen at -4°C for 24 hours, it was demolded and thawed to obtain a morning glory-shaped water evaporation generator.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The prepared morning glory-shaped water evaporation generator is structurally divided into three layers. The bottom layer 3 is a cylindrical rhizome part that absorbs water and transmits it upward; the middle layer 2 is a curved morning glory umbrella-shaped part, whose main function is to generate electricity. The negatively charged hydrogel and the dissociated cations in the water will generate electricity due to the double layer theory-streaming potential effect; the top layer 1 is the upper surface of the evaporator, which absorbs sunlight, undergoes photothermal reaction, and precipitates salt crystals at the edge. Embodiment 3

[0032] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the water evaporation photothermal reaction and power generation performance of the morning glory-shaped water evaporation generator were tested. The results showed that most of the salt crystals of the morning glory-shaped water evaporation generator were concentrated at the edge of the top layer. The salt crystals precipitated at the edge can fall off by themselves under the action of gravity, so we can collect mineral salts. The electrical performance of the water evaporation generator under no light and under a standard sunlight intensity showed obvious differences. The heating strategy driven by solar evaporation can improve the water evaporation power generation performance by 1.5 times.

[0033] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0034] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a morning glory-shaped solar water evaporation power generator, characterized in that: Include: S01 prepares wood pulp; S02 prepares a hydrogel; S0201: using the wood pulp prepared in S01 as a base material, adding natural hydrogel, stirring thoroughly, and then adding carbon black and a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound that can provide a large number of charged functional groups to the wood pulp to which the natural hydrogel is added, and continuing to stir thoroughly, so that the wood pulp is fully charged; S0202 adding a crosslinking agent to the fully charged wood pulp prepared in S0201, so as to cause the wood pulp to undergo an aldol condensation reaction; S03 prepares a solar water evaporation generator; The solution that has undergone the aldol condensation reaction in step S0202 is poured into a customized morning glory-shaped mold, frozen for a certain period of time, and demolded and thawed to obtain a morning glory-shaped solar water evaporation generator.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of preparing wood pulp in step S01 specifically comprises the following steps: S0101 uses balsa wood as raw material, puts the balsa wood into a beaker, adds purified water into the beaker, then puts it into a 100℃ oil bath, performs acid treatment, and pours out the liquid in the beaker after stirring for a certain period of time; S0102 is then re-added with purified water and placed in a 100°C oil bath for alkali treatment. After sufficient stirring, it is cooled and the suspension is collected; S0103 After filtering the suspension three times, the solid residue is taken out and the solid residue is configured into a wood pulp suspension.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound capable of providing a large number of charged functional groups in step S0201 is specifically piperazine, pyridine, pyrimidine, quinoline, indole or purine.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The natural hydrogel in step S0201 is specifically chitosan, heparin, alginate or fibrin.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The cross-linking agent in the step S0202 is an aldehyde cross-linking agent, a phthalocyanine cross-linking agent or a multifunctional cross-linking agent.

6. A morning glory-shaped solar water evaporation generator, characterized in that: It is prepared according to the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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