Application of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate in improving salt stress tolerance of rice

Abstract

The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of crop planting, and provides an application of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate in improving the salt stress tolerance of rice. The method for improving the salt stress tolerance of rice in the present disclosure includes spraying sodium diethyldithiocarbamate with a working concentration of 10-50 μg / L at any one or two or more periods from the full tillering stage to the 5th stage of young panicle differentiation of rice. The sodium diethyldithiocarbamate in the present disclosure can effectively improve the salt stress tolerance of rice, and only by simple spraying, significantly increase the yield of rice under salt stress, which has important agricultural significance for the planting of rice crops in saline-alkali environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of crop cultivation, and particularly to the application of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate in improving the salt stress tolerance of rice. Background Art

[0002] Salt stress is one of the important abiotic stress factors affecting rice growth and yield. When rice is under salt stress during the tillering stage, the tillering peak of rice is significantly delayed or does not appear, the heading stage is prolonged, the plant height is reduced, and the number of green leaves per stem and the number of effective tillers are decreased. When rice is under salt stress during the booting stage, the lengths of the rice stem and inflorescence are severely shortened, and the yield components such as the number of effective panicles and 1000-grain weight are significantly reduced. Some researchers believe that the factor that has the greatest impact on yield components under salt stress is the number of grains per panicle.

[0003] The prior art often improves crop yield by developing salt-tolerant crops or salt-resistant regulators. Developing salt-tolerant crops mainly selects salt-tolerant crops through natural breeding or genetic engineering means; in comparison, developing salt-resistant regulators has the advantages of short cycle, low difficulty, low cost and wide applicability.

[0004] Therefore, finding a regulator with low cost and effective in improving the yield of rice under salt stress is of great significance for rice cultivation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present disclosure provides the application of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate in improving the salt stress tolerance of rice to at least solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] According to the first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided the application of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate in improving the salt stress tolerance of rice.

[0007] In an implementable embodiment, the working concentration of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate in the application is 10 - 50 μg / L.

[0008] In an implementable embodiment, the period for treating rice with sodium diethyldithiocarbamate in the application is any period or any two or more periods from the full tillering stage to the 5th stage of young panicle differentiation. Rice is most sensitive during this period, and treating it after the seedling stage and the 5th stage of young panicle differentiation has little effect on rice.

[0009] According to the second aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method for improving the salt stress tolerance of rice, the method including spraying sodium diethyldithiocarbamate with a working concentration of 10 - 50 μg / L at any period or any two or more periods from the full tillering stage to the 5th stage of young panicle differentiation of rice.

[0010] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, a method for improving the yield of rice under salt stress is provided. The method includes spraying sodium diethyldithiocarbamate with a working concentration of 10 - 50 μg / L at any one or more than two periods from the full tillering stage to the 5th stage of young panicle differentiation of rice.

[0011] According to an implementable embodiment of the present disclosure, it has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0012] The sodium diethyldithiocarbamate of the present disclosure can effectively improve the salt stress tolerance of rice. By simply spraying, it can significantly increase the yield of rice under salt stress, which has important agricultural significance for the cultivation of rice crops in saline-alkali environments.

[0013] It should be understood that the content described in this part is not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] By reading the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings, the above and other purposes, features, and advantages of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will become easily understood. In the drawings, several embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in an exemplary rather than restrictive manner, where:

[0015] In the drawings, the same or corresponding reference numerals represent the same or corresponding parts.

[0016] Figure 1 Shows the phenotype of rice under salt stress of the present disclosure without DDTC salt treatment (CK, that is, treated with 1‰ Tween 80);

[0017] Figure 2 Shows the phenotype of rice under salt stress of the present disclosure after DDTC salt treatment;

[0018] Figure 3 Shows the analysis chart of the differences in agronomic traits of rice under salt stress of the present disclosure after and without DDTC salt treatment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0019] To make the purposes, features, and advantages of the present disclosure more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0020] The rice materials used in the following examples are Shuangliangyou 1143 and Jingliangyou 3261.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] In this example, sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC salt) treatment of rice under salt stress was carried out. The specific process was as follows:

[0023] (1) Using water as a solvent, working solutions of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate with final concentrations of 1, 10, 50, 100, 200, and 500 μg / L were prepared respectively; water was used as a control (CK).

[0024] (2) Shuangliangyou 1143 was sown into a germination box. After 35 days of sowing, it was transplanted into a greenhouse. Every 2 seedlings were transplanted into a single small flower pot, and the small flower pots were uniformly placed in a large transfer box.

[0025] (3) After 15 days of transplantation, it was covered with 0.3% saline, and water was replenished every 7 days. At the time of saline covering and 10 days after covering (i.e., between the full tillering stage and the 5th stage of young panicle differentiation), the leaves were sprayed with working solutions of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate at different concentrations. Three small flower pots were set as replicates for each treatment.

[0026] (4) The sowing-heading duration and the yield per pot of each treatment were counted.

[0027] Sowing-heading duration: The time from sowing to the main panicle emerging from the flag leaf sheath, expressed in d, and rounded to the nearest integer.

[0028] Yield per plant: Each small pot of rice was harvested, sun-dried separately, and weighed. After the paddy was completely dried and winnowed, it was weighed, expressed in kg, and rounded to 2 decimal places.

[0029] Table 1 Sowing-heading duration and yield per pot at different DDTC concentrations

[0030]

[0031] The results are shown in Table 1. The results show that under salt stress, compared with CK, the yield of rice under the treatment of 10 - 500 μg / L DDTC salt increased significantly, and the sowing-heading duration also increased. Specifically, compared with spraying water, the yield per pot of rice under the treatment of 10 - 500 μg / L DDTC salt increased significantly (p < 0.05), and the sowing-heading duration also increased. According to the data analysis, the yield per pot increased by about 17%. The sowing-heading duration of rice under the treatment of 10 and 50 μg / L DDTC salt increased by 2 - 6 d, and the sowing-heading duration of rice under the treatment of 100 and 500 μg / L DDTC salt increased by more than 10 d. When planting rice in saline-alkali land, an increase in the sowing-heading duration will significantly increase the production risk. Therefore, 10 - 50 μg / L was selected as the reasonable treatment concentration of DDTC salt.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] In this example, sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC salt) treatment of rice under salt stress was carried out. The specific process is as follows:

[0034] (1) Using an aqueous solution of Tween 80 with a surfactant concentration of 1‰ as the solvent, a working solution of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate with a final concentration of 10 μg / L was prepared; an aqueous solution of Tween 80 with a surfactant concentration of 1‰ was used as the control (CK).

[0035] (2) Jingliangyou 3261 was sown in a fresh water seedbed. After 30 days of sowing, it was transplanted into plots at a plant spacing of 20 cm × 15 cm, with single-plant planting. Each plot was 6 columns by 11 rows, and there were a total of 8 plots.

[0036] (3) Except for field water supply and drainage management, field management was carried out according to NY / T 1300.

[0037] After transplanting, fresh water was used for irrigation first. At the 4th stage of young panicle differentiation, 0.6% saline water was started for irrigation, with a water layer of more than 15 cm, and irrigation was carried out once every 10 days. After 4 times of irrigation, it was changed to fresh water irrigation, with each irrigation less than 10 cm, and wet and dry alternation. At the 4th stage of young panicle differentiation, 4 of the plots were used as DDTC salt treatment plots, and the working solution of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate with a working concentration of 10 μg / L was sprayed on the rice plants on the day of saline water irrigation. The adjacent plots of the 4 DDTC salt treatment plots were used as control (CK) plots, and an aqueous solution of 1‰ Tween 80 was sprayed on the rice plants on the day of saline water irrigation.

[0038] (4) When the rice was mature (as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 ), yield measurement and variety examination analysis were carried out on the DDTC salt treatment plots and the control (CK) plots, mainly including the following agronomic traits:

[0039] Effective panicles: At maturity, the effective panicles were investigated at the fixed points where the basic seedlings were investigated. Panicles with less than 5 grains in heading and setting were not counted as effective panicles, and were expressed as the number of effective panicles per plant, individual / plant, with 1 decimal place retained.

[0040] Panicle length: The length from the panicle node to the top of the panicle (excluding the awn), taking the average of all the panicles in 5 hills, expressed in centimeters, with 1 decimal place retained.

[0041] Grain length, grain width, and grain diameter: Take all the panicles in 5 hills, dry them in the sun and winnow them clean, then randomly take 3 seeds weighing about 20 g, and use an SC-E rice appearance quality detector for variety examination to detect grain length, grain width, and grain diameter. Take the average value of 3 replicates, expressed in millimeters, with 2 decimal places retained.

[0042] 1000-grain weight: From the fully dried filled grains after variety evaluation, randomly take 5 samples of 1000 grains from each plot and weigh them separately. The difference between the weights should not be more than 3% of the average value. Take the average of two replicates, expressed in g, and retain 1 decimal place after the decimal point.

[0043] Number of filled grains per panicle: The sum of the number of grains with a plumpness of more than one-third and the number of shattering grains in 5 hills is divided by the total number of panicles in 5 hills, and the result is rounded to an integer.

[0044] Yield per panicle: Select 5 hills from each plot, count the number of effective panicles in these 5 hills. After completely drying and winnowing the paddy in these 5 hills, weigh it, and divide the weight by the number of effective panicles, expressed in kg, and retain 2 decimal places after the decimal point.

[0045] Yield per plant: Only harvest 24 plants in 4 rows and 6 columns of non-edge rows in each plot. Harvest, dry, and weigh the paddy separately. After completely drying and winnowing the paddy, weigh it, and then divide by 24 to calculate the yield per plant, expressed in kg, and retain 2 decimal places after the decimal point.

[0046] (5) Data processing: Due to the large differences in salinity among plots, the agronomic traits of different DDTC salt treatment plots are normalized with the control (CK) plots of their respective plots. Taking the number of effective panicles per plant as an example, that is: all CK values are set to 1, and the relative number of effective panicles = the number of effective panicles in the DDTC salt treatment plot / the number of effective panicles in the control plot (CK). The calculation methods of relative panicle length, relative grain length, relative grain width, relative grain diameter, relative 1000-grain weight, relative number of filled grains per panicle, relative yield per panicle, and relative yield per plant are the same as that of the relative number of effective panicles.

[0047] The results are as Figure 3 shown in Table 2. The results show that under salt stress, compared with CK, the yield of rice under DDTC salt treatment increased significantly. Specifically, compared with CK, the number of effective panicles of rice under DDTC salt treatment decreased significantly but without significant difference, and there was no significant difference in panicle length, grain length, grain width, grain diameter, and 1000-grain weight, while the number of filled grains per panicle, yield per panicle, and yield per plant increased significantly (p < 0.05). According to data analysis, the number of filled grains per panicle increased by 43%, and the yield per plant increased by 23%.

[0048] Table 2 Results of relative agronomic traits of DDTC salt treatment plots and control plots

[0049]

[0050] It should be understood that the various forms of the process shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in this disclosure can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired results of the technical solution of this disclosure can be achieved. This is not restricted herein.

[0051] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the technical features indicated. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature.

[0052] As described above, this is only a specific implementation of the present disclosure, but the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present disclosure can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered within the protection scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. Use of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate in enhancing salt stress tolerance of rice, characterized in that, In the application, the working concentration of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate is 10-50 μg / L, and the period for treating rice with sodium diethyldithiocarbamate is any period or any two or more periods from the full tillering stage to the 5th stage of young panicle differentiation.

2. A method for improving the salt stress tolerance of rice, characterized in that, The method includes spraying sodium diethyldithiocarbamate with a working concentration of 10-50 μg / L at any period or any two or more periods from the full tillering stage to the 5th stage of young panicle differentiation of rice.

3. A method for increasing the yield of rice under salt stress, characterized in that, The method includes spraying sodium diethyldithiocarbamate with a working concentration of 10-50 μg / L at any period or any two or more periods from the full tillering stage to the 5th stage of young panicle differentiation of rice.

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