Heat dissipation structure of energy storage battery pack on unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to an energy storage battery pack heat dissipation structure on an unmanned aerial vehicle, and belongs to the field of aerospace vehicle heat management systems. Comprising an energy storage battery pack air duct, an incoming flow inlet and an incoming flow outlet, a plurality of holes are formed in each partition plate in the energy storage battery pack to form an energy storage battery pack air duct; a hole is formed in the machine head fairing and serves as an incoming flow inlet; a hole is formed in the fuselage cabin section and serves as an incoming flow outlet; incoming flow enters the machine body from the hole of the machine head fairing, flows through the energy storage battery pack air channel and then flows out from the hole of the machine body cabin section, and a complete air flow channel is formed. The high-heat-flux energy storage battery pack heat dissipation device can effectively dissipate heat of the high-heat-flux energy storage battery pack, and is suitable for aviation aircrafts at different flight heights. The system is especially suitable for a low-pressure high-flight-speed flight environment at a near space height.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of thermal management systems for aerospace vehicles and relates to a heat dissipation structure of a high-energy-density energy storage battery pack on an unmanned aerial vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The atmosphere is thin at near-space altitudes, and some drones flying at this altitude use energy storage batteries to provide flight power. The current development of energy storage batteries is mainly in the direction of lightweight, miniaturization and high specific energy, so as to achieve the purpose of extending flight time, reducing weight and saving space. On the other hand, it will also bring about the problem of high heat generation and difficult heat dissipation of high specific energy storage battery packs. Due to the compact structure of drones, they are very sensitive to energy and weight, and it is difficult to use conventional fan heat dissipation and water cooling methods. Therefore, it is necessary to combine the characteristics of drone flight and the low temperature characteristics of the external environment to design the heat dissipation of the battery pack structure and the fuselage structure, and make full use of the external environment for convective heat exchange. At present, domestic research on the heat dissipation of energy storage battery packs mainly focuses on the heat dissipation of electric vehicle power battery packs and the heat dissipation of small energy storage battery packs on civilian micro-rotor electric drones. There is still little research on the heat dissipation of high specific energy and high heat flux density battery packs used in drones. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and propose a heat dissipation structure for an energy storage battery pack on a drone.

[0004] The solution of the present invention is:

[0005] A heat dissipation structure of an energy storage battery pack on a drone, comprising an energy storage battery pack air duct, an incoming air inlet, and an incoming air outlet;

[0006] Multiple holes are opened on the front and rear end plates of the energy storage battery pack. The internal cells are fixed by partitions. The gaps formed between the partitions correspond to the holes on the end plates, forming an air duct for the energy storage battery pack.

[0007] A hole is opened on the nose fairing as an incoming air inlet; a hole is opened on the fuselage compartment as an incoming air outlet; the incoming air enters the interior of the fuselage through the opening of the nose fairing, enters the energy storage battery pack air duct from the openings of the energy storage battery pack end plate close to the nose, flows out from the energy storage battery pack end plate far from the nose, and then enters into the atmosphere through the opening of the fuselage compartment, forming a complete air flow path.

[0008] Preferably, when opening holes on the front and rear end plates of the energy storage battery pack, the hole size is larger the closer to the geometric center of the end plate of the energy storage battery pack.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of partitions are arranged in parallel inside the energy storage battery pack, a plurality of battery cells are mounted on each partition, and the gaps between the partitions form air ducts.

[0010] Preferably, the temperature of the energy storage battery pack shows a gradient of high in the middle and low around when viewed from the end plate direction.

[0011] Preferably, the number of openings in the end plate of the energy storage battery pack is arranged according to the internal partition gap.

[0012] Preferably, the number, shape and position of the openings on the front and rear panels of the heat dissipation structure are consistent.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

[0014] Based on the characteristics of the external environment at near-space altitude, combined with the flight characteristics and structural characteristics of drones, the present invention proposes a heat dissipation structure for energy storage battery packs on drones, which can effectively dissipate the heat of high heat flux density energy storage battery packs and is suitable for aircraft at different flight altitudes. It is particularly suitable for flight environments at near-space altitudes, with low air pressure and high flight speeds. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation structure of the energy storage battery pack;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation structure of the fuselage;

[0017] Figure 3 This is the curve of battery cell temperature changing with time. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0019] Based on the characteristics of the external environment at near-space altitude, combined with the flight characteristics and structural characteristics of drones, the present invention designs a heat dissipation structure for a high specific energy and high heat flux density energy storage battery pack, establishes a model for the energy storage battery pack and the heat dissipation structure, and performs transient thermal simulation analysis and calculation. The maximum temperature of the energy storage battery pack cell at different time points with and without the heat dissipation structure is compared to further illustrate the effectiveness of the heat dissipation structure design.

[0020] The present invention discloses a heat dissipation structure for an energy storage battery pack on an unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising an energy storage battery pack air duct, an incoming air inlet, and an incoming air outlet. A plurality of partitions are arranged in parallel inside the energy storage battery pack, and a plurality of battery cells are installed on each partition. A plurality of holes are opened on each partition inside the energy storage battery pack to form an energy storage battery pack air duct; a hole is opened on the nose fairing as an incoming air inlet; a hole is opened on the fuselage compartment section as an incoming air outlet; the incoming air enters the interior of the fuselage through the opening of the nose fairing, flows through the energy storage battery pack air duct, and then flows out from the opening of the fuselage compartment section to form a complete air flow channel. When opening a hole on each partition inside the energy storage battery pack, the closer the opening is to the center of the energy storage battery pack structure, the larger the diameter of the opening is.

[0021] 1. Air duct design for energy storage battery pack

[0022] Since the thermal conductivity of the cells inside the energy storage battery pack is low and the thermal conductivity is anisotropic, according to previous simulation and test experience, the temperature of the cells in the energy storage battery pack is high in the middle and low around. Therefore, the heat dissipation duct structure is designed at the high-temperature cell position, such as Figure 1 As shown in the figure, there are multiple holes on the front and rear panels of the energy storage battery pack. The internal cells are fixed by partitions. The gaps between the partitions correspond to the holes on the end panels to form the energy storage battery pack air duct. The openings are designed in combination with the fuselage so that the low-temperature and high-speed incoming energy during flight can flow through the internal air duct of the energy storage battery pack, thereby achieving forced convection heat exchange.

[0023] When opening holes on the front and rear end plates of the energy storage battery pack, the closer the opening is to the geometric center of the end plate of the energy storage battery pack, the larger the size of the opening is. Multiple partitions are arranged in parallel inside the energy storage battery pack, and multiple cells are installed on each partition. The gaps between the partitions form an air duct. The number of openings on the end plate of the energy storage battery pack is arranged according to the internal partition. There are multiple openings, and the openings on the end plate correspond to the gaps formed between the partitions. The front and rear end plates of the heat dissipation structure have the same opening settings. That is, the number, shape, and position of the openings on the front and rear end plates of the heat dissipation structure are consistent.

[0024] 2. Heat dissipation design of fuselage structure

[0025] In order to allow the low-temperature and high-speed airflow during flight to flow through the internal cooling duct of the energy storage battery pack, the nose fairing and some fuselage compartments are designed with openings, such as Figure 2 After the hole is opened, the incoming air will enter the fuselage from the opening of the nose fairing, flow through the energy storage battery pack air duct, and then flow out from the opening of the fuselage compartment to form a complete air flow channel.

[0026] Transient thermal simulation calculations were performed on energy storage battery packs with the heat dissipation structure of the present invention and without any heat dissipation design. The external environmental parameters were the same under the two working conditions, and the battery cell arrangement, heating power and initial temperature of the energy storage battery pack were the same. The maximum temperature of the battery cell in the simulation results at the 15th minute, the 30th minute, the 45th minute and the 60th minute were compared, and their curves of change over time were shown in Figure 2. Figure 3 .

[0027] Depend on Figure 3 It can be seen that the maximum temperature of the battery cell with the heat dissipation structure at each time point is lower than the maximum temperature of the battery cell without the heat dissipation structure, and the temperature difference between the two gradually increases with time. At the 60th minute, the temperature difference between the two reaches about 12°C, indicating that the heat dissipation structure design of the present invention is feasible and effective.

[0028] The contents not described in detail in the specification of the present invention belong to the common knowledge of those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A heat dissipation structure for an energy storage battery pack on an unmanned aerial vehicle, characterized in that: Including energy storage battery pack air duct, incoming flow inlet and incoming flow outlet; Multiple holes are opened on the front and rear end plates of the energy storage battery pack. The internal cells are fixed by partitions. The gaps formed between the partitions correspond to the holes in the end plates, forming an air duct for the energy storage battery pack. A hole is opened on the nose fairing as an incoming flow inlet; a hole is opened on the fuselage compartment as an incoming flow outlet; The incoming air enters the fuselage through the openings of the nose fairing, enters the energy storage battery pack air duct from the openings of the energy storage battery pack end plate near the nose, flows out from the energy storage battery pack end plate far from the nose, and then enters into the atmosphere through the openings of the fuselage compartment, forming a complete air flow path.

2. The heat dissipation structure of the energy storage battery pack on the drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: When opening holes on the front and rear end plates of the energy storage battery pack, the hole size becomes larger the closer to the geometric center of the end plate of the energy storage battery pack.

3. The heat dissipation structure of the energy storage battery pack on a drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of partitions are arranged in parallel inside the energy storage battery pack, a plurality of battery cells are mounted on each partition, and the gaps between the partitions form air ducts.

4. The heat dissipation structure of the energy storage battery pack on a drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature of the energy storage battery pack changes in a gradient from high in the middle to low around the edges when viewed from the end plate direction.

5. The heat dissipation structure of the energy storage battery pack on a drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of openings in the energy storage battery pack end plate is arranged according to the internal partition gap.

6. The heat dissipation structure of the energy storage battery pack on a drone according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number, shape and position of the openings on the front and rear panels of the heat dissipation structure are consistent.

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