Phosphorus spontaneous combustion prevention modified fly ash three-phase foam material as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a phosphorus spontaneous combustion prevention modified fly ash three-phase foam material and a preparation method and application thereof, the modified fly ash three-phase foam material is prepared by taking fly ash as a solid phase, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and alpha-olefin sulfonate as foaming agents, xanthan gum and sodium silicate as foam stabilizers, and potassium chloride as a surfactant. The modified fly ash three-phase foam provided by the invention has more excellent temperature resistance and flame retardance, and can well play a role in preventing phosphorus spontaneous combustion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of materials, and in particular to a phosphorus-resistant spontaneous combustion modified fly ash three-phase foam material, a preparation method thereof and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Fire accidents caused by spontaneous combustion of phosphorus-contaminated soil often produce a lot of thick smoke, pollute the environment and threaten human health. At present, commonly used fire extinguishing materials, such as water, inhibitors and organic foams, have shortcomings such as poor stability and short fire extinguishing cycle, making it difficult to effectively suppress phosphorus spontaneous combustion for a long time. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, a phosphorus-resistant spontaneous combustion modified fly ash three-phase foam material and a preparation method thereof are provided.

[0004] The specific technical solutions are as follows: The first aspect of the present invention is to provide a phosphorus-resistant self-igniting modified fly ash three-phase foam material, which is prepared with fly ash as the solid phase, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and sodium α-olefin sulfonate as foaming agents, xanthan gum and sodium silicate as foam stabilizers, and potassium chloride as a surfactant.

[0005] The second aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned phosphorus-resistant spontaneous combustion modified fly ash three-phase foam material, comprising: Sodium α-olefin sulfonate, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and water are mixed and stirred to form a foaming slurry; Fly ash, xanthan gum, sodium silicate and potassium chloride are added to the foaming slurry in sequence and stirred evenly to prepare a phosphorus-resistant spontaneous combustion modified fly ash three-phase foam material.

[0006] Specifically, the mass ratio of the foaming agent to water in the foaming slurry is 1:(7-8). Specifically, the mixing ratio of AOS:SDBS in the foaming agent is (4-1.5):1.

[0007] Specifically, the solid-liquid ratio of the three-phase foam material is 1:(8-10).

[0008] Specifically, the amount of xanthan gum added to the foaming slurry is 0.1-0.3 g.

[0009] Specifically, the amount of sodium silicate added to the foaming slurry is 0.2-0.5 g.

[0010] Specifically, the amount of potassium chloride added to the foaming slurry is 0.5-1.5 g.

[0011] The third aspect of the present invention is to provide an application of the above-mentioned anti-phosphorus self-ignition modified fly ash three-phase foam material. Specifically, the anti-phosphorus self-ignition modified fly ash three-phase foam material is covered on the surface of the phosphorus-containing combustion material to prevent its combustion.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the above scheme are: The modified fly ash three-phase foam provided by the present invention has more excellent temperature resistance and flame retardancy, and can well play a role in preventing spontaneous combustion of phosphorus. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 An infrared spectrum of a three-phase foam material provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a test diagram of the temperature resistance of the three-phase foam material provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a combustion diagram of a flame retardant experiment of a three-phase foam material provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a flame retardant performance test chart of the three-phase foam material provided in the embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0015] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0016] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but they are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0017] Example 1 1) 4 g of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS, AR, Shanghai Hushi Chemical Co., Ltd.) and 1 g of sodium α-olefin sulfonate (AOS, 92%, Shandong Yousuo Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.) were mixed evenly and dissolved in 40 g of water. The mixture was stirred at 6000 r / min with a magnetic stirrer for 5 min to form a foaming slurry; 2) With fly ash particles as the solid phase component of the three-phase foam, 4.5 g fly ash particles (experimental grade, Gongyi Longze Water Purification Material Co., Ltd.), 0.2 g xanthan gum (USP grade, Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.), 0.3 g sodium silicate (Na2O≥18%, Si2O≥60%, Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.), and 0.894 g potassium chloride (AR, Shanghai Hushi Chemical Co., Ltd.) were added to the foaming slurry at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:10, and the mixture was stirred and mixed evenly, and dried to obtain a phosphorus-resistant self-ignition modified fly ash three-phase foam material.

[0018] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example was carried out with reference to step 1) in Example 1 to prepare a two-phase foam material.

[0019] Comparative Example 2 This comparative example is carried out with reference to steps 1) and 2) in Example 1, except that xanthan gum, sodium silicate and potassium chloride are not added to prepare a fly ash three-phase foam.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the OH stretching vibration absorption peak of the above-mentioned anti-phosphorus spontaneous combustion modified fly ash three-phase foam material is at 3459 cm -1 This is because the addition of inorganic salts (KCl) will destroy the hydrogen bond network between water molecules, thereby affecting the absorption peak position and intensity of OH. -1 The absorption peak near the wave number 2923cm is attributed to the OH bending vibration. -1 and 2856cm -1 The absorption peak at 1467cm is the characteristic peak of methyl, which is the absorption peak of CH stretching vibration. -1 It is the bending vibration peak of CH. 121cm -1 The sulfonic acid group is the characteristic group, which is the S=O stretching vibration absorption peak. 1060cm -1 The absorption peak at 726 cm is due to the S=O bending vibration, while for the two three-phase foams, there is also Si-O-Si asymmetric stretching vibration. -1 There are many absorption peaks near the surface, indicating the presence of long carbon chains, which are the plane swing absorption peaks of methylene. -1 The absorption peaks near can be attributed to the symmetrical stretching vibration of Si-O-Si. The modified fly ash three-phase foam also has other absorption peaks in the low wave number region, which are caused by the combined action of xanthan gum, sodium silicate and potassium chloride. From the infrared spectrum, it can be seen that the absorption peak intensity of the modified fly ash three-phase foam is stronger than that of the fly ash three-phase foam, and some peak positions are shifted. Other absorption peaks are also added in the low wave number region, which indicates that the additives such as xanthan gum interact with the original substances.

[0021] The present invention measured the heat resistance of three types of foams: two-phase foam, ordinary fly ash three-phase foam and modified fly ash three-phase foam. The results are as follows: Figure 2 As shown. It can be seen intuitively from the figure that with the increase of ambient temperature, the half-life of the three foams shows a downward trend. This is because as the temperature gradually increases, the evaporation of water in the liquid phase of the foam system is accelerated, and the drainage rate of the foam will also increase. The combined effect of these factors leads to an increase in the decay rate of the foam, which also affects the stability of the foam. In the three-phase foam, due to the support of solid particles, the drainage rate of the bubble liquid film can be effectively slowed down, so the half-life of the three-phase foam is longer than that of the two-phase foam. The above results show that the temperature resistance of the three materials conforms to the following law: modified fly ash three-phase foam>fly ash three-phase foam>two-phase foam.

[0022] Flame retardant property measurement: 0.5 g of red phosphorus was ignited, and the time taken for ignition and the time taken for extinguishing were recorded; then the same mass of red phosphorus was weighed and covered with the three prepared foams (the two-phase foam provided in Comparative Example 1, the fly ash three-phase foam provided in Comparative Example 2, and the modified fly ash three-phase foam provided in Example 1), and the time taken for the red phosphorus to be ignited and the time taken for the red phosphorus to be completely extinguished from the beginning of combustion were observed and recorded.

[0023] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, when the red phosphorus surface is not covered with foam (such as Figure 3 (a) shows that the red phosphorus was ignited at 79 seconds, and it took 128 seconds from the beginning of combustion to complete extinguishing of the red phosphorus. When the surface of the red phosphorus was covered with two-phase foam (as shown in Figure 3 (b) shows that at 115 s, the two-phase foam was completely broken by heat, and then the red phosphorus was ignited. It took 120 s for the red phosphorus to burn out completely. When the surface of the red phosphorus was covered with fly ash three-phase foam (as shown in Figure 3 (c) As shown in Figure 2, at 132 s, the fly ash foam was completely broken and the red phosphorus was ignited. After another 130 s, the red phosphorus was basically extinguished, leaving only sparks. After 22 s, the red phosphorus was completely extinguished. When the surface of the red phosphorus was covered with modified fly ash three-phase foam (as shown in Figure 2), the red phosphorus was completely extinguished. Figure 3 As shown in (d), at 193 s, the modified fly ash three-phase foam was completely broken and the red phosphorus was ignited. After another 117 s, the red phosphorus was basically extinguished, leaving only sparks. After 65 s, the red phosphorus was completely extinguished.

[0024] The above experimental results show that the flame retardant performance of the three-phase foam is stronger than that of the two-phase foam, and the flame retardant performance of the modified fly ash three-phase foam is also greatly improved compared with the ordinary fly ash three-phase foam, which can play a good role in preventing phosphorus spontaneous combustion.

[0025] The above test results show that the developed modified fly ash three-phase foam has better temperature resistance and flame retardant properties than the other two foam systems.

[0026] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the implementation mode and protection scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, it should be aware that all solutions obtained by equivalent substitutions and obvious changes made using the description and illustrations of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A phosphorus-resistant self-ignition modified fly ash three-phase foam material, characterized in that: The foaming agent is prepared by using fly ash as the solid phase, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and sodium α-olefin sulfonate as foaming agents, xanthan gum and sodium silicate as foam stabilizers, and potassium chloride as a surfactant.

2. The method for preparing the phosphorus-resistant spontaneous combustion modified fly ash three-phase foam material according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: Sodium α-olefin sulfonate, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and water are mixed and stirred to form a foaming slurry; Fly ash, xanthan gum, sodium silicate and potassium chloride are added to the foaming slurry in sequence and stirred evenly to prepare a phosphorus-resistant spontaneous combustion modified fly ash three-phase foam material.

3. The method for preparing the phosphorus-resistant spontaneous combustion modified fly ash three-phase foam material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the foaming agent to water in the foaming slurry is 1:(7-8).

4. The method for preparing the phosphorus-resistant spontaneous combustion modified fly ash three-phase foam material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mixing ratio of AOS:SDBS in the foaming agent is (4-1.5):

1.

5. The method for preparing the anti-phosphorus spontaneous combustion modified fly ash three-phase foam material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The solid-liquid ratio of the three-phase foam material is 1:(8-10).

6. The method for preparing the anti-phosphorus spontaneous combustion modified fly ash three-phase foam material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The amount of xanthan gum added to the foaming slurry is 0.1-0.3 g.

7. The method for preparing the phosphorus-resistant spontaneous combustion modified fly ash three-phase foam material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The amount of sodium silicate added to the foaming slurry is 0.2-0.5 g.

8. The method for preparing the phosphorus-resistant spontaneous combustion modified fly ash three-phase foam material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The amount of potassium chloride added to the foaming slurry is 0.5-1.5 g.

9. The use of the phosphorus-resistant spontaneous combustion modified fly ash three-phase foam material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phosphorus-resistant self-ignition modified fly ash three-phase foam material is covered on the surface of phosphorus-containing combustion materials to prevent them from burning.

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