Eddy air internal cooling and internal lubrication grinding wheel

Abstract

The invention discloses a vortex air inner-cooling and inner-lubricating grinding wheel which comprises a hot shaft assembly, a rotating seat assembly, a rotating main shaft, a fan-shaped spray head, a grinding wheel mounting disc assembly and a grinding wheel disc. A hot shaft in the hot shaft assembly, the fan-shaped spray head and a grinding wheel installation disc in the grinding wheel installation disc assembly are sequentially connected with a rotating main shaft through threads, and the grinding wheel disc and the grinding wheel installation disc are fastened through bolts. During machining, compressed air is introduced into one side of the grinding wheel, high-speed airflow generates vortexes through an internal vortex pipeline structure, cold airflow and hot airflow are separated out, and the cold airflow is separated towards the grinding wheel disc side. And meanwhile, lubricating liquid is introduced into the other side of the grinding wheel, cold air and the lubricating liquid converge and enter a grinding wheel disc cavity through a fan-shaped spray head, and then flow out through a grinding wheel hole to cool and lubricate a grinding area. The grinding force and the grinding heat during grinding are effectively reduced, the production cost is reduced, the grinding quality is improved, and green machining is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of precision grinding, in particular to a vortex air internally cooled and internally lubricated grinding wheel. Background Art

[0002] As an efficient and high-precision material removal method, grinding wheel grinding is widely used in parts processing fields with high precision and high surface quality requirements such as mechanical manufacturing, aerospace, automobiles, and medical equipment. During the grinding process, a large amount of grinding heat and huge grinding force will be generated in the grinding area between the grinding wheel and the workpiece. If the heat is not dissipated and lubricated in time, burns, cracks and other undesirable phenomena will occur on the surface of the workpiece, seriously affecting the processing quality of the workpiece. Traditional cooling and lubrication methods generally use grinding coolant for cooling and lubrication, but due to the air flow layer generated by the rotation around the grinding wheel, it is difficult for the grinding coolant to enter the grinding area, so effective cooling and lubrication cannot be performed.

[0003] At present, domestic and foreign scholars have conducted a lot of research on internal cooling grinding. Compared with the external pouring cooling method, the internal cooling grinding method has the characteristics of directly spraying the coolant from the inside of the grinding wheel through the coolant flow channel opened on the body to the grinding area, which can effectively avoid the influence of the airflow layer generated by the rotation around the grinding wheel, thereby significantly reducing the grinding temperature and preventing or reducing the thermal damage of the workpiece surface. However, the traditional internal cooling grinding wheel, such as the introduction of nanofluid coolant alone, is more based on single internal cooling, and does not effectively combine the effect of internal lubrication. Although there is a development of cooling and lubrication composite solutions, its comprehensive effect is not very good compared with the independent cooling and independent lubrication effects, and there is a certain pollution to the environment. In addition, traditional internal cooling grinding wheels generally use internal pouring cooling, and a large amount of coolant flows out, causing waste. In addition, the traditional internal cooling grinding wheel cannot directly pass low-temperature liquid nitrogen and low-temperature liquid carbon dioxide, which can easily cause pipe freezing, which also limits its use. Some researchers also use built-in heat pipe structures for cooling and cooling, and use external pouring lubrication, but do not consider the role of internal lubrication. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a vortex air internal cooling and internal lubrication grinding wheel. Based on the Bernoulli principle and angular momentum conservation, during rotation processing, compressed air is introduced into the air inlet joint, and the high-speed airflow passes through the internal vortex pipe structure to generate an air vortex inside the hot shaft, separating the hot and cold airflows. The hot airflow separates to the hot shaft side, flows out through the circular air holes on the conical valve and the hot holes of the conical valve, and the cold airflow separates to the grinding wheel side, and enters the cold flow channel in the rotating spindle through the cold air holes on the separation orifice plate. The cold airflow temperature range can reach 0 to -46°C. At the same time, the lubricating liquid is introduced into the liquid inlet joint, and the cold air and the lubricating liquid meet in the cold flow channel and enter the grinding wheel chamber through the fan-shaped nozzle, and then flows out through the grinding wheel hole to cool and lubricate the grinding area. The grinding force and grinding heat of the grinding area during grinding processing are effectively reduced, the production cost is reduced, the grinding quality is improved, and green processing is realized.

[0005] It includes a hot shaft assembly, a rotating seat assembly, a rotating spindle, a fan-shaped nozzle, a grinding wheel mounting disc assembly, and a grinding wheel disc;

[0006] The hot shaft assembly includes a conical valve, a conical valve sealing ring, a hot shaft, a vortex chamber hot end sealing ring, a conical air pipe, a separation orifice plate, and a vortex chamber cold end sealing ring. The conical valve sealing ring is sleeved and installed at the lower end of the conical valve. The conical valve is connected to the upper end of the internal pipeline of the hot shaft through a thread. The vortex chamber hot end sealing ring is installed in the sealing ring installation groove of the hot shaft. The conical side of the conical air pipe is sleeved and installed in the inner hole of the lower end of the hot shaft. The separation orifice plate is placed in the vortex chamber of the rotating main shaft. The cold end side of the separation orifice plate is sleeved and installed in the air outlet hole of the rotating main shaft. The swirl side of the separation orifice plate is tightly attached to the lower end of the conical air pipe. The cold end sealing ring of the vortex chamber is sleeved and installed on the cold end side of the separation orifice plate.

[0007] The rotating seat assembly includes a rotating seat, an upper bearing, a lower bearing, a retaining ring, an upper sealing ring, a middle sealing ring, a lower sealing ring, an air inlet joint, and a liquid inlet joint. The rotating seat is heat-shrink-fitted onto the rotating spindle. The upper bearing and the lower bearing are respectively installed in the bearing chambers at the upper and lower ends of the rotating seat. At the same time, the inner sides of the two bearings are heat-shrink-fitted onto the rotating spindle. The retaining ring is installed in the retaining ring groove of the rotating spindle to fix the upper bearing and the axial movement of the rotating seat. The upper sealing ring, the middle sealing ring, and the lower sealing ring are sequentially installed in the three sealing grooves of the rotating seat. The air inlet joint and the liquid inlet joint are respectively connected to the rotating seat through inner hole threads.

[0008] The fan-shaped nozzle is connected to the rotating main shaft through threads;

[0009] The grinding wheel mounting disc assembly includes a grinding wheel mounting disc, a grinding wheel mounting disc sealing ring, and a fastening bolt. The grinding wheel mounting disc is connected to the rotating spindle through threads. The grinding wheel mounting disc sealing ring is installed in a sealing groove of the grinding wheel mounting disc. The grinding wheel disc and the grinding wheel mounting disc are fastened through threads.

[0010] The rotating spindle, the rotating seat assembly and the hot shaft assembly together constitute the internal vortex tube structure of the grinding wheel. The rotating spindle has built-in inlet flow channel, cold flow channel and liquid inlet flow channel. The inlet flow channel and the liquid inlet flow channel are respectively connected and distributed vertically with the cold flow channel. The rotating seat is provided with an annular flow channel and an annular liquid flow channel. The annular flow channel is connected with the inlet flow channel, and the annular liquid flow channel is connected with the liquid inlet flow channel. After the rotating spindle and the hot shaft are installed, a vortex chamber is formed inside. The hot shaft has a built-in hot runner. The outer circumference of the upper end of the hot shaft is provided with evenly distributed fan heat holes for heat dissipation.

[0011] A conical valve heat hole is arranged inside the conical valve. Three evenly distributed circular air holes are opened on the conical circumference of the conical valve. The conical valve heat hole is connected with the circular air holes. The conical valve can be replaced according to the actual working conditions to adjust the flow rate and thus control the hot and cold temperatures of the grinding wheel.

[0012] There is a swirl groove on one side of the separation orifice plate and a cold air hole in the middle. When the compressed air enters, the swirl groove converts the chaotic air into vortex air and pushes it into the hot runner of the hot shaft.

[0013] The fan-shaped nozzle can adjust the liquid flow rate according to the actual working conditions and the cooling and lubrication effect of the grinding wheel;

[0014] There is a liquid outlet hole at the bottom of the grinding wheel. The size of the liquid outlet hole can be designed according to the actual working conditions to ensure that the cooling lubricating liquid does not accumulate in the grinding wheel.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the technical effect of the present invention is that when the grinding wheel is rotating and grinding, the grinding wheel can achieve effective and stable air internal cooling and internal lubrication. During the rotation process, compressed air is introduced into the air inlet joint, and the high-speed airflow passes through the internal vortex pipe structure to generate an air vortex inside the hot shaft, separating the hot and cold airflows. The hot airflow is separated to the hot shaft side, flows out through the circular air holes on the conical valve and the hot holes of the conical valve, and the cold airflow is separated to the grinding wheel disc side, and enters the cold flow channel in the rotating spindle through the cold air holes on the separation orifice plate, and the cold airflow temperature range can reach 0 to -46 ° C. At the same time, the lubricating liquid is introduced into the liquid inlet joint, and the cold air and the lubricating liquid meet in the cold flow channel and enter the grinding wheel disc chamber through the fan-shaped nozzle, and then flow out through the grinding wheel hole to cool and lubricate the grinding area. The grinding force and grinding heat of the grinding area during grinding are effectively reduced, the production cost is reduced, the grinding quality is improved, and green processing is realized. The present invention has the characteristics of simple structure, easy disassembly and assembly, and low production cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is an exploded view according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 is an axonometric view according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3is a left sectional view (1) according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 is a left sectional view (2) according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 is an axonometric view of a separation orifice plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of vortex air cooling and lubrication according to an embodiment of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the present invention comprises a hot shaft assembly (1), a rotating seat assembly (2), a rotating spindle (3), a fan-shaped nozzle (4), a grinding wheel mounting disc assembly (5), and a grinding wheel disc (6).

[0024] The hot shaft assembly (1) comprises a conical valve (11), a conical valve sealing ring (12), a hot shaft (13), a vortex chamber hot end sealing ring (14), a conical air pipe (15), a separation orifice plate (16), and a vortex chamber cold end sealing ring (17). The conical valve sealing ring (12) is sleeved and installed on the lower end of the conical valve (11). The conical valve (11) is connected to the upper end of the internal pipeline of the hot shaft (13) through a thread. The vortex chamber hot end sealing ring (14) is installed on the hot shaft ( The conical side of the conical air pipe (15) is inserted into the inner hole of the lower end of the hot shaft (13), the separation orifice plate (16) is placed in the vortex chamber of the rotating main shaft (3), the cold end side of the separation orifice plate (16) is inserted into the air outlet hole of the rotating main shaft (3), the vortex side of the separation orifice plate (16) is tightly attached to the lower end air hole of the conical air pipe (15), and the cold end sealing ring (17) of the vortex chamber is inserted into the cold end side of the separation orifice plate (16).

[0025] The rotating seat assembly (2) comprises a rotating seat (21), an upper bearing (22), a lower bearing (23), a retaining ring (24), an upper sealing ring (25), a middle sealing ring (26), a lower sealing ring (27), a liquid inlet joint (28), and an air inlet joint (29). The rotating seat is heat-shrinkably mounted on the rotating main shaft (3). The upper bearing (22) and the lower bearing (23) are respectively mounted in bearing chambers at the upper and lower ends of the rotating seat (21). At the same time, the inner sides of the two bearings are heat-shrinkably mounted on the rotating main shaft (3). The retaining ring (24) is mounted in a retaining ring groove of the rotating main shaft (3) to fix the axial movement of the upper bearing (22) and the rotating seat (21). The upper sealing ring (25), the middle sealing ring (26), and the lower sealing ring (27) are sequentially mounted in three sealing grooves of the rotating seat (21). The liquid inlet joint (28) and the air inlet joint (29) are respectively connected to the rotating seat (21) through inner hole threads.

[0026] The fan-shaped spray head (4) is connected to the rotating main shaft (3) by threads. The fan-shaped spray head (4) can adjust the liquid flow rate according to the actual working conditions and the cooling and lubricating effect of the grinding wheel;

[0027] The grinding wheel mounting disc assembly (5) comprises a grinding wheel mounting disc (51), a grinding wheel mounting disc sealing ring (52), and a fastening bolt (53); the grinding wheel mounting disc (51) is connected to the rotating spindle (3) via threads; the grinding wheel mounting disc sealing ring (52) is installed in a sealing groove of the grinding wheel mounting disc (51); and the grinding wheel disc (6) and the grinding wheel mounting disc (51) are fastened via threads.

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, the rotating spindle (3), the rotating seat assembly (2) and the hot shaft assembly (1) together constitute a vortex tube structure inside the grinding wheel. The rotating spindle (3) is internally provided with a liquid inlet channel (312), an air inlet channel (313) and a cold channel (314). The air inlet channel (313) and the liquid inlet channel (312) are respectively vertically connected and distributed with the cold channel (314). The rotating seat (21) is internally provided with an annular air channel (211) and an annular liquid channel (212). The annular air channel (211) is connected with the air inlet channel (313), and the annular liquid channel (212) is connected with the liquid inlet channel (312). After the rotating spindle (3) and the hot shaft (13) are installed, a vortex chamber (311) is formed inside. The hot shaft (13) is internally provided with a hot channel (131). The upper end of the hot shaft (13) is provided with uniformly distributed heat fan holes (132) on the outer circumference for dissipating hot air.

[0029] like Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, a conical valve heat hole (111) is provided inside the conical valve (11), and three evenly distributed circular air holes (112) are opened on the conical circumference of the conical valve (11). The conical valve heat hole (111) is connected to the circular air holes (112). The conical valve (11) can be replaced according to actual working conditions to adjust the flow rate and thus control the temperature of the cold and hot ends of the grinding wheel.

[0030] like Figure 5 As shown, a swirl groove (161) is provided on one side of the separation orifice plate (16), and a cold air hole (162) is provided in the middle. When compressed air enters through the swirl groove (161), the chaotic air is converted into vortex air and pushed into the hot runner (131) of the hot shaft (13).

[0031] A liquid outlet hole (611) is provided at the bottom of the grinding wheel disc (6). The size of the liquid outlet hole (611) can be designed according to actual working conditions to ensure that the cooling lubricating liquid does not accumulate in the grinding wheel disc (6).

[0032] like Figure 6 The figure shows the principle diagram of vortex air cooling and lubrication of an embodiment of the present invention. The principle is as follows: during rotary processing, compressed air is introduced into the air inlet joint, and the high-speed airflow passes through the internal vortex pipe structure to generate an air vortex inside the hot shaft, separating the hot and cold airflows. The hot airflow separates toward the hot shaft side, flows out through the circular air holes on the conical valve and the hot holes of the conical valve, and the cold airflow separates toward the grinding wheel side, and enters the cold flow channel in the rotating spindle through the cold air holes on the separation orifice plate. The cold airflow temperature range can reach 0 to -46°C. At the same time, the lubricating liquid is introduced into the liquid inlet joint, and the cold air and the lubricating liquid meet in the cold flow channel and enter the grinding wheel chamber through the fan-shaped nozzle, and then flows out through the grinding wheel hole to cool and lubricate the grinding area.

[0033] The combination of the rotating seat assembly (2) and the rotating spindle (3) in the present invention can effectively realize the stable transmission of compressed air and lubricating liquid during the grinding wheel rotation processing.

[0034] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the specific embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is limited by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes that fall within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention. Any figure mark in a claim should not be regarded as limiting the claim involved.

Claims

1. A vortex air internal cooling and internal lubrication grinding wheel, characterized in that: include: A heat shaft assembly (1) comprises a heat shaft (13), wherein the heat shaft is connected to the rotating main shaft (3) via threads; The rotating seat assembly (2) comprises a rotating seat (21), an upper bearing (22), a lower bearing (23), and a retaining spring (24). The rotating seat (21) is mounted on the rotating main shaft (3). The upper bearing (22) and the lower bearing (23) are respectively disposed in bearing chambers at the upper and lower ends of the rotating seat (21) and are simultaneously mounted on the rotating main shaft (3). The retaining ring (24) is installed in the retaining ring groove of the rotating main shaft (3); A fan-shaped nozzle (4) is mounted on the rotating main shaft (3); The grinding wheel mounting disc assembly (5) comprises a grinding wheel mounting disc (51), a grinding wheel mounting disc sealing ring (52), and a fastening bolt (53); the grinding wheel mounting disc (51) is connected to the rotating spindle (3) via threads; the grinding wheel mounting disc sealing ring (52) is installed in a sealing groove of the grinding wheel mounting disc (51); and the grinding wheel disc (6) is fastened to the grinding wheel mounting disc (51) via threads.

2. The eddy air internal cooling and internal lubrication grinding wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot shaft assembly (1) further comprises a conical valve (11), a conical valve sealing ring (12), a vortex chamber hot end sealing ring (14), a conical air pipe (15), a separation orifice plate (16), and a vortex chamber cold end sealing ring (17); the conical valve sealing ring (12) is mounted on the conical valve (11); the conical valve (11) is connected to the hot shaft (13) by threads; the vortex chamber hot end sealing ring (14) is mounted in a sealing ring mounting groove of the hot shaft (13); the conical air pipe (15) is sleeved and mounted on the hot shaft (13); the separation orifice plate (16) is placed in the vortex chamber of the rotating main shaft (3); one side of the separation orifice plate (16) is mounted on the rotating main shaft (3); and one side of the separation orifice plate (16) is tightly attached to the lower end air hole of the conical air pipe (15); and the vortex chamber cold end sealing ring (17) is mounted on the separation orifice plate (16).

3. The eddy air internal cooling and internal lubrication grinding wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating seat assembly (2) further comprises an upper sealing ring (25), a middle sealing ring (26), a lower sealing ring (27), a liquid inlet joint (28), and an air inlet joint (29); the upper sealing ring (25), the middle sealing ring (26), and the lower sealing ring (27) are sequentially installed in three sealing grooves of the rotating seat (21); the liquid inlet joint (28) and the air inlet joint (29) are respectively connected to the rotating seat (21) by threads.

4. The eddy air internal cooling and internal lubrication grinding wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating main shaft (3) is provided with a liquid inlet channel (312), an air inlet channel (313) and a cold channel (314); the liquid inlet channel (312) and the air inlet channel (313) are respectively vertically connected to the cold channel (314); the rotating seat (21) is provided with an annular air channel (211) and an annular liquid channel (212); the annular air channel (211) is connected to the air inlet channel (313); the annular liquid channel (212) is connected to the liquid inlet channel (312); after the rotating main shaft (3) and the hot shaft (13) are installed, a vortex chamber (311) is formed inside; the hot shaft (13) is provided with a hot runner (131); and the upper end of the hot shaft (13) is provided with uniformly distributed heat fan holes (132) on the outer circumference.

5. The eddy air internal cooling and internal lubrication grinding wheel according to claim 2, characterized in that: A conical valve heat hole (111) is provided inside the conical valve (11), and evenly distributed circular air holes (112) are provided on the conical circumference thereof, and the conical valve heat hole (111) is in communication with the circular air holes (112).

6. The eddy air internal cooling and internal lubrication grinding wheel according to claim 2, characterized in that: A swirl groove (161) is provided on one side of the separation orifice plate (16), and a cold air hole (162) is provided in the middle.

7. The eddy air internal cooling and internal lubrication grinding wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the grinding wheel disc (6) is provided with a liquid outlet hole (611).

Images