Optimization design and operation method of negative carbon ecological light storage straight flexible building

Abstract

The application discloses an optimization design and operation method of a negative-carbon ecological light storage straight-flexible building, and comprises the following steps: S1, constructing a negative-carbon ecological light storage straight-flexible building model structure; S2, analyzing zero-carbon factors, carbon-increasing factors and carbon-reducing factors of the negative-carbon ecological light storage straight-flexible building in a running process according to the constructed negative-carbon ecological light storage straight-flexible building model structure; S3, defining a total carbon emission target function of the negative-carbon ecological light storage straight-flexible building according to the fact that the overall building carbon emission is less than 0; S4, defining a constraint condition; S5, defining a decision variable; and S6, solving a configuration and a running scheme of the negative-carbon ecological light storage straight-flexible building by using a solver. The application realizes the optimization design and operation method of the overall building "negative carbonization" by comprehensively optimizing and utilizing three parts of a carbon-increasing energy supply module, a zero-carbon energy supply module and a carbon-reducing module, and finally realizes the carbon fixation capacity of the green plants.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of energy-saving buildings, and specifically relates to an optimized design and operation method of a negative-carbon ecological solar-storage direct-flexible building. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the concepts of near-zero-carbon and zero-carbon buildings have emerged one after another. However, buildings still generate significant carbon emissions during their construction and production processes. To achieve zero-carbon operation throughout a building's lifecycle, it is far from sufficient to focus solely on zero-carbon operation during its operation. Therefore, this paper proposes the concept of a negative-carbon ecological solar-storage, direct-flexible building. In addition to conventional solar-storage, direct-flexible buildings, negative-carbon buildings with greenery typically have better environmental adaptability, can adapt to the impacts of climate change, provide thermal insulation, and reduce building energy consumption.

[0003] Existing technologies primarily focus on optimizing the operation and design of PV-storage, direct-flow, and flexible buildings, but fail to incorporate the concepts of "negative carbon buildings" or "ecological greenery." PV-storage, direct-flow, and flexible buildings still require utility power during operation. While supplementing and optimizing photovoltaic power generation can achieve near-zero or zero carbon emissions, achieving "negative carbon" is difficult.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an optimized design and operation method for a negative carbon ecological solar storage direct flexible building, give full play to the carbon sink function of plants, integrate plant landscape design with architecture, which can further offset the carbon emissions of the building, greatly improve the carbon reduction effect, and thus achieve "negative carbon". Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the above-mentioned background technology and provide an optimized design and operation method for a negative carbon ecological photovoltaic storage and flexible building, which integrates green plants, photovoltaic storage and flexible power generation, and waste resource recycling to help buildings achieve negative carbonization.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an optimized design and operation method of a negative carbon ecological solar energy storage direct flexible building, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: Construct a negative carbon ecological solar storage direct flexible building model structure;

[0008] S2: Based on the constructed carbon-negative ecological solar-storage direct-flexible building model, analyze the zero-carbon factors, carbon-increasing factors, and carbon-reducing factors of the carbon-negative ecological solar-storage direct-flexible building during operation;

[0009] S3: Based on the overall building carbon emissions being less than 0, define the overall carbon emission objective function of the negative carbon ecological solar-storage direct-flexible building;

[0010] S4: defining constraints, including electricity supply and demand balance requirements, gas supply and demand balance requirements, green area constraints, green height constraints, and photovoltaic area constraints;

[0011] S5: defining decision variables, including gas company supply, power supply company supply, energy storage battery and bidirectional charging pile capacity, charging and discharging timing characteristics, building overall carbon emissions, roof green area and height, facade green area and height, facade photovoltaic area, roof photovoltaic area;

[0012] S6: using a solver to solve the operation scheme of the negative carbon ecological light storage straight flexible building, including the building internal gas period, the adjustment curve of the electrical load, the operation mode of the solar air conditioner, the laying area of the photovoltaic, the area and height of the green plant, and the volume of the biogas storage pool.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, in the step S1, the negative carbon ecological light storage straight flexible building model structure comprises:

[0014] An external carbon-increasing energy supply module for providing external energy supply to the building;

[0015] An internal zero-carbon energy supply module for providing internal energy supply to the building;

[0016] A carbon-reducing module for reducing carbon emissions of the building;

[0017] A flexible direct-current regulation module for regulating the conversion and transmission of electrical energy.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment, the external carbon-increasing energy supply module comprises power grid power supply and gas company power supply;

[0019] The internal zero-carbon energy supply module comprises roof photovoltaic, facade photovoltaic, solar air conditioner, kitchen waste anaerobic process treatment system, and biogas storage pool;

[0020] The carbon-reducing module comprises roof green and facade green;

[0021] The flexible direct-current regulation module comprises energy storage battery and bidirectional charging pile.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment, in the step S2, the zero-carbon factors include photovoltaic power generation, part of the solar air conditioner using solar energy to start, and biogas produced by the kitchen waste anaerobic process treatment system;

[0023] The carbon-increasing factors include non-clean electricity supplied by the power grid and natural gas supplied by the gas company;

[0024] The carbon-reducing factors include plant carbon sequestration, green plant heat insulation effect carbon reduction, photovoltaic power generation, and kitchen waste anaerobic process treatment.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment, the carbon fixation amount of the plant is calculated by the following formula:

[0026]

[0027]

[0028]

[0029] In the formula, C plant is the carbon fixation amount of the green plant (kg), A j is the planting area of the green plant j (m 2 ), is the area of the vertical green plant j (m 2 ), is the area of the top green plant j (m 2 ), H j is the planting height of the green plant j (m), is the height of the vertical green plant j (m), is the height of the top green plant j (m), C Pi is the carbon fixation amount of the green planting mode (kg / m 3 ).

[0030] As a preferred embodiment, the carbon reduction amount of the heat insulation effect of the green plant is calculated by the following formula:

[0031]

[0032]

[0033] In the formula, is the carbon reduction amount of the heat insulation effect of the green plant (kg); is the natural gas consumption (m 3 ) that can be saved by the solar air conditioner; is the height of the top green plant j (m); is the height of the vertical green plant j (m), is the area of the top green plant j (m 2 ), is the area of the vertical green plant j (m 2 ), α q (m 2 ) and α w (dimensionless parameter) are polynomial fitting parameters of , respectively, β e (m 2 ) and β r (dimensionless parameter) are polynomial fitting parameters of , respectively, γ t(m) and γ y (dimensionless parameters) are The polynomial fitting parameters are and They are The polynomial fitting parameters of .

[0034] As a preferred embodiment, in step S3, the overall carbon emission objective function of the negative carbon ecological solar-storage direct-flexible building is defined as:

[0035]

[0036] Where, is the total carbon emission of the negative carbon ecological solar storage direct flexible building (kg), C ene is the total carbon emission of negative carbon ecological solar storage direct flexible building (kg), C plant is the amount of carbon sequestered by green plants (kg), Carbon reduction due to the heat insulation effect of green plants (kg).

[0037] As a preferred embodiment, in step S4, the green plant area constraint satisfies: the sum of the top green plant area Cannot exceed the total top surface area A roof , the sum of the facade green areas Cannot exceed the total wall area A wall 1 / 3;

[0038]

[0039]

[0040] Where, is the sum of the green plant areas on the top surface, A roof is the total top surface area (m 2 ), is the sum of the green areas on the facade, A wall is the total wall area (m 2 );

[0041] The green plant height constraints also meet the following requirements: the maximum height of the top green plant j The maximum thickness of wall greenery should not exceed 1m Should not exceed 0.2m.

[0042]

[0043]

[0044] Where, is the maximum height of the top green plant j (m); The maximum thickness (m) of the wall green plants j;

[0045] The photovoltaic area constraint satisfies: when the laying area of the top surface photovoltaic is The sum of the green plant area There is a conflict, and at least 1 / 3 of the roof area should be reserved for other equipment; the facade photovoltaic area Should be less than the area A of the building window win ;

[0046]

[0047]

[0048] In the formula, The laying area (m 2 ) of the top surface photovoltaic, The sum (m 2 ) of the green plant area, The facade photovoltaic area (m 2 ), and A win The area (m 2 ) of the building window.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0050] Firstly, compared with the existing photovoltaic storage direct flexible building, the present application introduces negative carbon technologies such as green plants and kitchen waste treatment, which can further realize negative carbon building on the basis of photovoltaic storage direct flexible building.

[0051] Secondly, compared with the existing optimization operation strategy technology, the present application studies the comprehensive optimization and utilization of the three parts of the carbon-increasing energy supply module, the zero-carbon energy supply module and the carbon-reducing module, and finally realizes the "negative carbonization" of the whole building through the carbon fixation capacity of the green plants.

[0052] Thirdly, the external carbon-increasing energy supply module of the present application supplies energy through the power grid and gas, makes up for the energy gap when the internal zero-carbon energy supply is insufficient, provides reliable energy guarantee for building operation, improves system stability, maintains the continuity and safety of building operation, and ensures the effective implementation of the carbon emission optimization scheme.

[0053] Fourthly, the internal zero-carbon energy supply module of the present application integrates top surface photovoltaic, facade photovoltaic, solar air conditioner and anaerobic treatment system, provides clean and renewable energy, produces biogas through anaerobic treatment of kitchen waste, realizes the reuse of waste resources, reduces the consumption of fossil energy, and significantly reduces carbon emissions in building operation.

[0054] Fifthly, the carbon reduction module of the present application introduces top and facade green plants, which realize carbon emission offset through carbon sequestration and heat insulation, and the design of green plant landscape improves the environmental adaptability of the building, improves the ecological benefit of the building, reduces energy consumption, and provides important support for realizing negative carbon buildings.

[0055] Sixthly, the flexible DC regulation module of the present application realizes flexible conversion and scheduling of electric energy through energy storage batteries and bidirectional charging piles, improves the operation efficiency of the power system, adapts to fluctuating energy demand, smooths the fluctuation of internal power consumption of the building, reduces the pressure on the external power supply system, improves the utilization rate of renewable energy (such as photovoltaic power generation), and promotes the intelligent management of building energy systems.

[0056] Seventhly, the present application defines and quantifies zero carbon, carbon increase and carbon reduction factors, which helps to clarify the role and contribution of each module, provides a scientific basis for building operation optimization, ensures the transparency of carbon emission path, can accurately evaluate the carbon emission level of the building, and ultimately realizes negative carbon operation.

[0057] Eighthly, the present application defines the overall carbon emission objective function, clarifies the design target of negative carbon building by calculating the balance of carbon emission increase and decrease, emphasizes the importance of green plant carbon sequestration and heat insulation carbon reduction, and provides a quantitative basis for system optimization, ensuring that the optimization result is scientific and operable.

[0058] Ninthly, the present application innovatively proposes a method for calculating the carbon sequestration amount of green plants, which comprehensively considers the area and height of green plants, while existing methods only consider the planting area of green plants. Compared with the prior art, the factors considered are more comprehensive, and it is also convenient to select green plants according to the optimized green plant area and height.

[0059] Tenthly, the present application innovatively proposes a method for calculating the carbon reduction amount of green plant heat insulation effect by polynomial fitting, which is more simple and reasonable than the complex modeling calculation method of the prior art.

[0060] Eleventhly, the constraint conditions defined by the present application involve energy supply and demand, green plant area, height, photovoltaic layout and other aspects, ensuring the feasibility of the optimization design, and optimizing the layout of green plants and photovoltaic by reasonable constraint conditions, improving the utilization efficiency of roof and wall resources.

[0061] Twelfthly, the decision variables defined by the present application cover gas, electricity, energy storage, photovoltaic, green plants and other key variables, comprehensively consider all aspects of building operation, balance building function demand and carbon emission reduction target, and ensure the maximum comprehensive benefit of the operation scheme.

[0062] Thirteen, the present application generates specific schemes for building operation, including energy supply, green plant arrangement and photovoltaic laying, etc., through an optimization algorithm, and provides an operable operation adjustment curve, which is suitable for different environmental conditions and user needs.

[0063] In summary, the present application optimizes the design and operation of the carbon-negative ecological light storage straight flexible building, and achieves good synergistic effect from the aspects of carbon emission, energy utilization and ecological value, thereby providing scientific basis and technical support for the carbon reduction goal and carbon-negative future of the building industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0064] Figure 1 Fig. 1 is a flowchart of the optimization design and operation method of the carbon-negative ecological light storage straight flexible building;

[0065] Figure 2 Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of the carbon-negative ecological light storage straight flexible building;

[0066] Figure 3 Fig. 3 is a comparison diagram of solar air conditioning gas consumption before and after planting green plants in the building;

[0067] In the figure: external carbon-increasing energy supply module 1, power grid power supply 11, gas company power supply 12, internal zero-carbon energy supply module 2, top photovoltaic 21, facade photovoltaic 22, solar air conditioner 23, kitchen waste anaerobic process treatment system 24, biogas storage tank 25, carbon reduction module 3, top green plants 31, facade green plants 32, flexible direct-current regulation module 4, energy storage battery 41, bidirectional charging pile 42. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] The specific embodiments of the present application will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is used to help understand the present application, but does not constitute a limitation on the present application, and is only exemplary. In addition, the technical features involved in each embodiment of the present application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other. At the same time, it will become clearer and easier to understand the advantages of the present application.

[0069] As shown in Figure 1 , the optimization design and operation method of the carbon-negative ecological light storage straight flexible building of the present application comprises the following steps:

[0070] S1: constructing a carbon-negative ecological light storage straight flexible building model structure; as Figure 2As shown, the negative carbon ecological light storage direct flexible building model structure includes: an external carbon increase energy supply module 1 for providing external energy supply to the building; an internal zero carbon energy supply module 2 for providing internal energy supply to the building; a carbon reduction module 3 for reducing carbon emissions of the building; and a flexible direct current adjustment module 4 for adjusting conversion and transmission of electric energy. In the embodiment, the external carbon increase energy supply module 1 includes a power grid power supply 11 and a gas company power supply 12; the internal zero carbon energy supply module 2 includes a top surface photovoltaic 21, a facade photovoltaic 22, a solar air conditioner 23, a kitchen waste anaerobic process treatment system 24 and a biogas storage tank 25; the carbon reduction module 3 includes top surface green plants 31 and facade green plants 32; and the flexible direct current adjustment module 4 includes energy storage batteries 41 and bidirectional charging piles 42.

[0071] The negative carbon ecological light storage direct flexible building structure constructed by the present application should be provided with photovoltaic panels on the top surface of the building, photovoltaic windows capable of generating electricity on the south facade of the building, green plants on the top surface and facade walls, bidirectional charging piles capable of charging and discharging, energy storage batteries capable of charging and discharging, a kitchen waste anaerobic process treatment system and a solar air conditioner. Compared with the existing light storage direct flexible building, the present application introduces negative carbon technologies such as green plants and kitchen waste treatment, and can further realize negative carbon building on the basis of the light storage direct flexible building.

[0072] S2: According to the constructed negative carbon ecological light storage direct flexible building model structure, analyze zero carbon factors, carbon increase factors and carbon reduction factors of the negative carbon ecological light storage direct flexible building in the running process.

[0073] The zero carbon factors mainly include photovoltaic power generation, part of the solar air conditioner started by solar energy and biogas generated by the kitchen waste anaerobic process treatment system.

[0074] The carbon increase factors mainly include external energy consumption, including non-clean power supply of the power grid and natural gas supply of the gas company. Since the green plants will play a role in carbon fixation, the above energy consumption is defined as the consumption of the building without green plants, and the total carbon increase amount of the negative carbon ecological light storage direct flexible building is defined as C ene (kg).

[0075] The carbon reduction factors include plant carbon fixation amount C plant (kg) and carbon reduction amount of green plant heat insulation effect (The heat insulation effect of the plant will reduce the demand for natural gas of the gas company by the solar air conditioner, thereby reducing carbon emissions):

[0076]

[0077]

[0078]

[0079] In formulas (1) to (3), C plant is the amount of carbon sequestered by green plants (kg), A j is the planting area of ​​green plant j (m 2 ), is the area of ​​green plant j on the facade (m 2 ), is the area of ​​top green plant j (m 2 ), H j is the planting height of green plant j (m), is the height of the facade green plant j (m), is the height of the top green plant j (m), C Pi is the carbon sequestration amount of greening planting method (kg / m 3 ).

[0080]

[0081]

[0082] In formulas (4) to (5), Carbon reduction due to the insulation effect of green plants (kg); The amount of natural gas that can be saved by solar air conditioning (m 3 ); is the height of the top green plant j (m); is the height of the facade green plant j (m), is the area of ​​top green plant j (m 2 ), is the area of ​​green plant j on the facade (m 2 ), α q (m 2 ) and α w (dimensionless parameters) are The polynomial fitting parameter, β e (m 2 ) and β r (dimensionless parameters) are The polynomial fitting parameter, γ t (m) and γ y (dimensionless parameters) are The polynomial fitting parameters are and They are The polynomial fitting parameters of .

[0083] Carbon reduction due to the heat insulation effect of green plants It is affected by many factors such as the type of green plants, the height / area of ​​green plants, etc., and the influence of each factor is not linear.

[0084] In order to show the change of carbon reduction amount of plants, the present application adopts polynomial fitting to calculate the carbon reduction amount of green plants for heat insulation effect, which is specifically as follows:

[0085] Firstly, the polynomial fitting is adopted to calculate the natural gas saving amount of the solar air conditioner in the negative carbon ecological light storage straight and flexible building containing green plants As formula (4).

[0086] Then, the polynomial fitting is adopted to express the relationship between the carbon reduction amount of heat insulation effect and the natural gas saving amount of the solar air conditioner, as formula (5).

[0087] S3: define the target function as the overall building carbon emission less than 0. According to the overall building carbon emission less than 0, define the overall carbon emission target function of the negative carbon ecological light storage straight and flexible building

[0088]

[0089] In the formula, C is the overall carbon emission of the negative carbon ecological light storage straight and flexible building (kg), C ene C is the overall carbon emission of the negative carbon ecological light storage straight and flexible building (kg), C plant C is the carbon sequestration amount of green plants (kg), C is the carbon reduction amount of green plants for heat insulation effect (kg).

[0090] This step S3 clearly defines the optimization target function of the negative carbon building as the overall building carbon emission less than 0, and here the carbon emission is defined as the difference between the carbon emission and the carbon reduction amount in step S2.

[0091] S4: define the constraint condition.

[0092] 1) Green plant area constraint:

[0093] Considering that a part of the building roof should be reserved for the placement of photovoltaic panels and other equipment, the sum of the top green plant area cannot exceed the total top area A roof , and the sum of the facade green plant area cannot exceed 1 / 3 of the total wall area A wall .

[0094]

[0095]

[0096] In the formula, C is the sum of the top green plant area (m 2 ), A roof is the total top area (m 2 ),​​ The sum of the facade greenery area (m 2 ) A wall is the total wall area (m 2 ) A

[0097] 2) Greenery height constraint

[0098] Considering the aesthetic and roof bearing factors, the maximum height of the top greenery j should not exceed 1m, and the maximum thickness of the wall greenery j should not exceed 0.2m.

[0099]

[0100]

[0101] In the formula, is the maximum height of the top greenery j (m) ; is the maximum thickness of the wall greenery j (m) ;

[0102] 3) Photovoltaic area constraint

[0103] The laying area of the top photovoltaic is in conflict with the sum of the greenery area , and at least 1 / 3 of the roof area should be reserved for other equipment. The facade photovoltaic area should be less than the area A win of the building windows.

[0104]

[0105]

[0106]

[0107]

[0108] In the formula, is the laying area of the top photovoltaic (m 2 ), is the sum of the greenery area (m 2 ), is the facade photovoltaic area (m 2 ) A win is the area of the building windows (m 2 ).

[0109] 4) Flexible DC regulation module constraint - energy storage battery and bidirectional charging pile

[0110] The charge-discharge constraints that the energy storage battery should meet are:

[0111]

[0112] where SOCtand SOCt-1represent the remaining energy of the energy storage battery at time t and t-1(kWh), respectively, t and SOCt-1represent the remaining energy of the energy storage battery at time t and t-1(kWh), respectively, t-1 is the efficiency of the energy storage system (dimensionless), and τ is the time interval (h), and represent the charging / discharging power of the energy storage system (kW), respectively, c and λt-1represent the charging / discharging efficiency (dimensionless), respectively. d

[0113] Bidirectional charging pile constraints:

[0114] E in ≤ E remain

[0115] E out ≤ E full - E remain

[0116] where E in is the amount of electricity absorbed by the charging pile (kWh), E remain is the remaining amount of electricity in the electric vehicle connected to the charging pile (kWh), E out is the amount of electricity output by the charging pile (kWh), and E full is the maximum battery capacity of the electric vehicle connected to the charging pile (kWh).

[0117] 5) Electricity supply and demand balance requirements

[0118]

[0119] where, is the power used by the negative carbon building from the power grid (kW), is the photovoltaic power generation power of the negative carbon building (kW), is the power absorbed by the bidirectional charging pile of the negative carbon building (kW), is the power output by the bidirectional charging pile of the negative carbon building (kW), is the power of other electrical appliances of the negative carbon building, and represent the charging / discharging power of the energy storage system (kW), respectively.

[0120] 6) Gas supply and demand balance requirements

[0121] Q air + Q load = Q gas + Q bio ​​​​

[0122] wherein Q air is the gas consumption of the solar air conditioner in the negative carbon building (m 3 ), load Q 3 is the gas consumption of other gas-consuming equipment in the negative carbon building (m gas ), 3 Q bio is the gas provided by the gas company (m 3 ), solar Q 3 is the gas provided by the zero-carbon energy supply module inside the building (m 3 ).

[0123] S5: defining decision variables, mainly including: gas supply amount of the gas company, power supply amount of the power company, capacity of the energy storage battery and the bidirectional charging pile, charging and discharging time sequence characteristics, total carbon emission amount of the negative carbon ecological light storage straight and flexible building, facade photovoltaic area, top photovoltaic laying area, facade green area, top green area, facade green height, facade green height.

[0124] S6: using a solver to solve the energy consumption and operation scheme of the negative carbon ecological light storage straight and flexible building. When the contents of S1-S5 are defined, only the relevant parameters are input into the solver, and the final operation result can be calculated to obtain the operation scheme of the negative carbon building, including the building gas consumption period, the adjustment curve of the electric load, the solar air conditioner operation mode, the photovoltaic laying area, the green area and height, and the biogas storage pool volume. And further derivation is made to obtain the design parameters of the building, including the photovoltaic component, the energy storage device laying scheme, and the energy-saving structure construction scheme.

[0125] Figure 3 Q solar is the gas consumption of the solar air conditioner before and after the building is planted with green plants. The solar air conditioner first uses solar energy to supply energy when there is sunlight, and uses natural gas and biogas to supply energy when there is no solar energy. Considering the heat insulation effect of the green plants (calculated by formula 4), the energy consumption of the solar air conditioner can be reduced by Q solar is the solar energy (m 3 ) applied by the solar air conditioner, Q 3 is the natural gas or biogas energy (m 3 ) applied by the solar air conditioner.

[0126] The model of the negative carbon ecological light storage straight and flexible building is first proposed, which integrates the methods of green plants, light storage straight and flexible, and waste resource recycling, studies the optimization design and operation method of the negative carbon ecological light storage straight and flexible building, and helps the building to realize negative carbonization.

[0127] The above merely provides the specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. The contents not described in detail in the specification belong to the prior art known by the professional technical personnel.

Claims

1. An optimized design and operation method for a carbon-negative ecological solar-storage direct-flexible building, characterized by: The steps include: S1: Construct a negative carbon ecological solar storage direct flexible building model structure; S2: Based on the constructed carbon-negative ecological solar-storage direct-flexible building model structure, analyze the zero-carbon factors, carbon-increasing factors, and carbon-reducing factors of the carbon-negative ecological solar-storage direct-flexible building during operation; S3: Based on the overall building carbon emissions being less than 0, define the overall carbon emission objective function of the negative carbon ecological solar-storage direct-flexible building; S4: Define constraints, including electricity supply and demand balance requirements, gas supply and demand balance requirements, green plant area constraints, green plant height constraints, and photovoltaic area constraints; Among them, the green plant area constraints also meet the following requirements: the sum of the top green plant area Cannot exceed the total top surface area A roof , the sum of the facade green areas Cannot exceed the total wall area A wall 1 / 3; Where, is the sum of the green plant areas on the top surface, A roof is the total top surface area, is the sum of the green areas on the facade, A wall is the total wall area; The green plant height constraints also meet the following requirements: the maximum height of the top green plant j The maximum thickness of wall greenery should not exceed 1m Should not exceed 0.2m; Where, is the maximum height of the top green plant j; is the maximum thickness of wall green plants j; Photovoltaic area constraints are met at the same time: when the top photovoltaic paving area The sum of green plant area If there is a conflict, at least 1 / 3 of the roof area should be reserved for other equipment; the facade photovoltaic area Should be smaller than the area of ​​the building window A win ; Where, is the paving area of ​​the top photovoltaic panel, is the sum of the green plant areas, is the photovoltaic area of ​​the facade, A win is the area of ​​building windows; S5: Define decision variables, including gas supply from the gas company, power supply from the power company, capacity of the energy storage battery and bidirectional charging pile, charge and discharge timing characteristics, overall building carbon emissions, area and height of rooftop greenery, area and height of facade greenery, facade photovoltaic area, and rooftop photovoltaic area. S6: Use the solver to solve the configuration and operation plan of the negative carbon ecological solar-storage direct-flexible building.

2. The optimized design and operation method of the negative carbon ecological solar-storage direct-flexible building according to claim 1 is characterized by: In step S1, the negative carbon ecological solar-storage direct-flexible building model structure includes: An external carbon-raising energy supply module (1), the external carbon-raising energy supply module (1) being used to provide external energy to a building; An internal zero-carbon energy supply module (2), wherein the internal zero-carbon energy supply module (2) is used to provide internal energy to the building; A carbon reduction module (3), wherein the carbon reduction module (3) is used to reduce carbon emissions of the building; A flexible DC regulation module (4) is used to regulate the conversion and transmission of electric energy.

3. The optimized design and operation method of the negative carbon ecological solar-storage direct-flexible building according to claim 2 is characterized by: The external carbon-raising energy supply module (1) includes power supply from the grid (11) and power supply from a gas company (12); The internal zero-carbon energy supply module (2) includes a top photovoltaic system (21), a facade photovoltaic system (22), a solar air conditioner (23), an anaerobic process treatment system for food waste (24), and a biogas storage tank (25); The carbon reduction module (3) includes top surface green plants (31) and facade green plants (32); The flexible DC regulation module (4) comprises an energy storage battery (41) and a bidirectional charging pile (42).

4. The optimized design and operation method of the negative carbon ecological solar-storage direct-flexible building according to claim 3 is characterized by: In step S2, the zero-carbon factors include photovoltaic power generation, solar air conditioning using solar energy to start the part, and biogas generated by the anaerobic process treatment system for food waste; Carbon-raising factors include the non-clean electricity supplied by the power grid and the natural gas supplied by gas companies; Carbon reduction factors include plant carbon sequestration, carbon reduction due to the insulation effect of green plants, photovoltaic power generation, and anaerobic treatment of food waste.

5. The optimized design and operation method of the negative carbon ecological solar-storage direct-flexible building according to claim 4 is characterized by: The plant carbon sequestration amount is calculated by the following formula: Where C plant is the carbon sequestration capacity of green plants, A j is the planting area of ​​green plant j, is the area of ​​green plants on the facade, is the area of ​​the top green plant j, H j is the planting height of green plant j, is the height of the facade green plants, is the height of the top green plant j, C Pi The amount of carbon sequestered by greening planting methods.

6. The optimized design and operation method of the negative carbon ecological solar-storage direct-flexible building according to claim 4 is characterized by: The carbon reduction of the green plant insulation effect is calculated by the following formula: Where, Reduce carbon emissions due to the insulation effect of green plants; The amount of natural gas that can be saved for solar air conditioning; is the height of the top green plant j; is the height of the facade green plants, is the area of ​​green plants on the top surface, is the area of ​​green plant j on the facade, α q and α w They are The polynomial fitting parameter, β e and β r They are The polynomial fitting parameter, γ t and γ y They are The polynomial fitting parameters are and They are The polynomial fitting parameters of .

7. The optimized design and operation method of the negative carbon ecological solar-storage direct-flexible building according to claim 6 is characterized by: In step S3, the overall carbon emission objective function of the negative carbon ecological solar-storage direct-flexible building is defined as: Where, is the total carbon emissions of the negative carbon ecological solar storage direct flexible building, C ene The total carbon emission of negative carbon ecological solar storage direct flexible building, C plant is the amount of carbon sequestered by green plants, Reduce carbon emissions through the insulation effect of green plants.

8. The optimized design and operation method of a negative carbon ecological solar-storage direct-flexible building according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: In step S6, a solver is used to solve the operation plan of the negative carbon ecological solar-storage direct-flexible building, including the gas usage period inside the building, the adjustment curve of the electric load, the operation mode of the solar air conditioning, the photovoltaic laying area, the area and height of the green plants, and the volume of the biogas storage tank.

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