A pig feed based on fermented corn protein powder and its preparation method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a pig feed based on fermented corn protein powder and a preparation method thereof, which relates to the technical field of pig feeds. The feed is made of the following components in parts by weight: 40-55 parts of corn, 15-30 parts of soybean meal, 10-25 parts of fermented corn protein powder, 2-10 parts of peanut meal, 2-10 parts of rapeseed meal, 3-8 parts of Codonopsis pilosula extract, 0.5-2 parts of table salt, 1-3 parts of baking soda, and 3-8 parts of premix. The present invention significantly improves the use effect of pig feeds through multi-step biological treatment technology and scientific proportioning scheme, and has achieved remarkable effects in three aspects: accelerating the growth rate of pigs, improving the intestinal health status, and reducing feed waste, and can provide reliable support for green and healthy breeding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pig feed, and particularly relates to a pig feed based on fermented corn protein powder and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As one of the most important production materials in the aquaculture industry, the quality of pig feed directly affects the growth rate, health level and feeding cost of pigs. In compound feed, corn, soybean meal and other plant protein sources are usually used as the main raw materials. Corn is generally used as an energy source, while soybean meal and other plant proteins are used as protein sources to provide essential amino acids for pigs. However, with the expansion of the breeding scale and the increase in feed costs, developing more efficient and economical protein resources has gradually become an important direction in feed research.

[0003] As a by-product of starch processing, corn protein powder contains rich crude protein (usually about 60%) and excellent amino acids, especially outstanding leucine content, having good nutritional value advantages. However, compared with traditional protein raw materials, corn protein powder has obvious limitations. The main reason is that the protein in corn protein powder is mainly zein, and such proteins are mostly macromolecules with a dense structure and are not easily digested and absorbed by monogastric animals (such as pigs). In addition, the content of essential amino acids such as lysine and tryptophan in corn protein powder is relatively low, further restricting its wide application in pig feed. Therefore, how to deeply process corn protein powder to improve the digestibility and nutritional balance of its protein is one of the main technical problems in current feed research and development. Existing technologies mostly adopt physical pulverization or chemical hydrolysis pretreatment, but the former only changes the particle size and cannot break the molecular structure, while the latter is prone to produce toxic by-products due to the use of strong acids and alkalis.

[0004] CN115633732A discloses a fattening sheep feed based on fermented corn protein powder and a preparation method thereof, which is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 16 - 20 parts of Chinese wildrye, 10 - 14 parts of rice straw, 43 - 53 parts of corn, 10 - 14 parts of soybean meal, 3.6 - 5.6 parts of fermented corn protein powder, 0.1 - 0.3 part of table salt, 1.1 - 3.1 parts of sodium bicarbonate and 1.8 - 3.8 parts of premix. The fermented corn protein powder is obtained by mixing and fermenting corn protein powder with a fermentation inoculum.

[0005] Although the microbial fermentation method can degrade proteins through the action of enzyme systems, traditional solid-state fermentation has defects such as low activity of strains and uneven metabolic products, and it is difficult to achieve efficient conversion of macromolecular proteins. Therefore, developing a new type of corn protein biotransformation technology to break through its digestion and absorption barriers has become the key breakthrough point for improving the utilization rate of feed protein.

[0006] The present invention modifies corn protein powder based on fermentation technology. By directional enzymatic hydrolysis, macromolecular prolamin is converted into small peptides or soluble proteins that are easily digested and absorbed by pigs, thus solving the problem of low utilization rate of corn protein. At the same time, combined with scientific formula design, the synergistic effect of energy, protein, and functional additives is realized, providing a new idea for the nutritional supply of pig feed. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to solve the deficiencies of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a pig feed based on fermented corn protein powder and its preparation method. By using a special treatment process of fermented corn protein powder, the difficult-to-absorb macromolecular proteins are converted into easily digestible small peptide chains, effectively improving the protein utilization rate; the added modified medicinal residues promote the reproduction of beneficial bacteria during the feed fermentation stage and continue to help maintain the growth environment of probiotics after entering the pig intestine, forming a whole-process synergistic effect from production to feeding; combined with Codonopsis pilosula extract to regulate the appetite and digestive function of pigs, stabilize feed intake, and promote nutrient absorption.

[0008] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] A pig feed based on fermented corn protein powder, in parts by weight, is made of the following components: 40 - 55 parts of corn, 15 - 30 parts of soybean meal, 10 - 25 parts of fermented corn protein powder, 2 - 10 parts of peanut meal, 2 - 10 parts of rapeseed meal, 3 - 8 parts of Codonopsis pilosula extract, 0.5 - 2 parts of salt, 1 - 3 parts of baking soda, and 3 - 8 parts of premix; the fermented corn protein powder is obtained by mixed fermentation of corn protein powder, compound bacterial agent, and modified medicinal residues; the Codonopsis pilosula extract and medicinal residues are obtained by alcohol extraction of Codonopsis pilosula, and the medicinal residues are modified to obtain modified medicinal residues.

[0010] Preferably, the preparation method of the modified medicinal residues includes the following steps:

[0011] (1) Add oleic acid to glacial acetic acid, stir evenly, slowly drop hydrogen peroxide, raise the temperature for reaction, cool, neutralize, and let stand for layering of the product, collect the organic phase, wash, dry, and rotary evaporate to remove unreacted substances to obtain epoxidized oleic acid;

[0012] Epoxidation modification of oleic acid: The double bond (C = C) of oleic acid undergoes an epoxidation reaction with hydrogen peroxide in an acidic environment, and glacial acetic acid provides protons to catalyze the formation of peracetic acid intermediate, and its oxygen atom attacks the double bond to form a three-membered oxygen ring structure (epoxy group, -O-). After neutralization, the residual peroxy acid is destroyed, and the final product replaces the original double bond structure with an epoxy group.

[0013] Preferably, in step (1), the dosage ratio of oleic acid, glacial acetic acid, and hydrogen peroxide is 100 g : 250 - 320 mL : 120 - 160 mL; the concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 30 wt%.

[0014] Preferably, in step (1), the temperature-raising reaction conditions are stirring reaction at 40-55 °C for 5-8 h; neutralizing the product with an equal volume of saturated sodium bicarbonate solution; washing with deionized water until neutral, and drying with anhydrous sodium sulfate.

[0015] (2) Dissolve epoxidized oleic acid in an ethanol aqueous solution, then add calcium dihydrogen phosphate, adjust the pH of the system, stir and react, centrifuge, wash and dry the product to obtain phosphoric acid-modified oleic acid;

[0016] Grafting of phosphate group: The epoxy group undergoes nucleophilic ring-opening under alkaline conditions, and the dissociated from calcium dihydrogen phosphate attacks the β-carbon of the epoxy ring as a nucleophile to form a phosphate ester bond ( ). The original epoxy group is converted into a composite functional group in which a hydroxyl group (-OH) is covalently linked to a phosphate group.

[0017] Preferably, in step (2), the volume ratio of ethanol to water in the ethanol aqueous solution is 3-4:1; the dosage ratio of epoxidized oleic acid, ethanol aqueous solution, and calcium dihydrogen phosphate is 100 g:200-400 mL:20-45 g.

[0018] Preferably, in step (2), 10-20 wt% ammonia water is used to adjust the pH of the system to 8-9; the stirring reaction conditions are stirring reaction at 50-65 °C for 5-8 h.

[0019] (3) Immerse the medicinal residues in a sodium hydroxide solution, perform ultrasonic treatment, filter, neutralize, wash and dry to obtain activated medicinal residues; add the activated medicinal residues and phosphoric acid-modified oleic acid to anhydrous ethanol, add a phosphoric acid catalyst, and reflux and react under a nitrogen atmosphere, centrifuge the product, elute the unreacted substances, and dry to obtain modified medicinal residues.

[0020] Esterification on the surface of medicinal residues: The pretreatment exposes the cellulose hydroxyl groups (-OH) of the medicinal residues through alkali hydrolysis, and undergoes esterification condensation with the carboxyl groups (-COOH) of phosphoric acid-modified oleic acid under acid catalysis to form hydrophobic ester bonds (-COO-). The surface hydroxyl groups are replaced by long-chain fatty acid esters to form a stable hydrophobic interface layer.

[0021] Preferably, in step (3), the dosage ratio of medicinal residues to sodium hydroxide solution is 100 g:400-1000 mL; the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 1 mol / L, and the ultrasonic treatment is ultrasonic treatment at 45-55 °C for 0.5-1.5 h; the pH of the system is neutralized to 7 with 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid.

[0022] Preferably, in step (3), the dosage ratio of activated medicinal residues, phosphoric acid-modified oleic acid, anhydrous ethanol, and phosphoric acid is 10 g:12-18 g:80-150 mL:1.2-3 g; the reflux reaction conditions are reflux reaction at 60-75 °C for 12-18 h.

[0023] Preferably, the preparation method of the fermented corn protein powder comprises the following steps: mixing corn protein powder, compound bacterial agent, modified medicinal residues, and deionized water in a dosage ratio of 100 g: 4 - 12 g: 1 - 4 g: 100 - 200 mL, and performing anaerobic fermentation at 25 - 35°C for 3 - 9 d to obtain the fermented corn protein powder.

[0024] Preferably, the compound bacterial agent is obtained by mixing Saccharomyces cerevisiae with a concentration of 10 billion viable bacteria / kg, Lactobacillus with a concentration of 10 billion viable bacteria / kg, Bacillus subtilis with a concentration of 10 billion viable bacteria / kg, and Bacillus licheniformis with a concentration of 100 billion viable bacteria / kg in a weight ratio of 5: 1 - 3: 1 - 3: 1.

[0025] Preferably, the preparation method of the Codonopsis pilosula extract comprises the following steps: washing 10 g of Codonopsis pilosula, crushing it to 40 - 80 meshes, adding it to 30 - 50 mL of ethanol, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30 - 60 min, filtering the product to obtain an extract and medicinal residues, and evaporating and concentrating the extract to remove the solvent to obtain the Codonopsis pilosula extract.

[0026] Preferably, the premix is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 2 - 6 parts of lysine, 2 - 6 parts of methionine, 1 - 5 parts of tryptophan, 1 - 3 parts of threonine, 1 - 3 parts of copper sulfate, 3 - 7 parts of ferrous sulfate, 1 - 5 parts of zinc chloride, 1 - 3 parts of manganese sulfate, 1 - 5 parts of cobalt chloride, 1 - 5 parts of yeast selenium, 1 - 3 parts of vitamin A, 1 - 3 parts of vitamin B, 8 - 12 parts of vitamin C, 1 - 5 parts of vitamin D, 8 - 12 parts of vitamin E, 2 - 6 parts of folic acid, and 10 - 20 parts of mirabilite.

[0027] The present invention also claims to protect a preparation method of the pig feed based on the fermented corn protein powder, which comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing corn, soybean meal, fermented corn protein powder, peanut meal, rapeseed meal, Codonopsis pilosula extract, table salt, sodium bicarbonate, and premix, and crushing them to a particle size of ≤2 mm to obtain the pig feed based on the fermented corn protein powder.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. The present invention provides a pig feed based on fermented corn gluten powder, which achieves dual improvement of nutrition and function through the synergistic effect of multiple components: corn is used as a basic energy source to provide stable energy; soybean meal and peanut meal complement each other to provide high-quality plant protein; fermented corn gluten powder releases easily absorbed small molecule nutrients through biotransformation; rapeseed meal supplements essential amino acids and regulates fiber balance; Codonopsis extract enhances the body's resistance to stress with natural active ingredients; salt and baking soda synergistically optimize electrolyte balance and gastric acid environment; premix supplements core vitamins, minerals and amino acids to form a full-spectrum nutritional support. Each component synergizes and enhances efficiency during digestion, comprehensively improving the growth rate and health level of pigs.

[0030] 2. The present invention provides a method for preparing fermented corn protein powder. Through the synergistic fermentation of the composite microbial agent, the macromolecular substances in the corn protein powder are directed to be enzymatically hydrolyzed and converted to generate a large number of easily absorbable small peptides and soluble proteins. During the fermentation process, the modified drug residues continue to provide nutrients to the bacterial community by virtue of their porous structure, and the surface characteristics promote the improvement of key enzyme activities, effectively increasing the fermentation efficiency of the raw materials. At the same time, the fermentation process can also remove the adverse components in the raw materials, so that the finished product has both high safety and high digestibility, and can quickly release effective nutrients after ingestion by animals, reducing the metabolic burden.

[0031] 3. The present invention provides a Codonopsis pilosula extract, adhering to the conditioning concept of "strengthening the spleen and appetizing, replenishing qi and promoting body fluid" in traditional Chinese medicine. Its core ingredient, Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide, directly increases the pigs' feed intake by activating gastrointestinal peristaltic enzyme activity and enhancing digestive juice secretion; Codonopsis pilosula saponins regulate the appetite control center of the brain to maintain eating regularity. The two can work together to improve the apparent digestibility of crude protein and energy in feed, achieve the dual benefits of "food intake-conversion rate", and reduce feed waste while reducing feed-to-meat ratio.

[0032] 4. The present invention provides a modified medicinal residue, which can not only be used as a medium to enhance the activity of the microbial agent during the fermentation process of corn protein powder, but also can continue its functional characteristics after being ingested by pigs. Its mechanism of action is reflected in the triple compound effect: the retained natural insoluble fiber slowly swells in the intestine to produce a pore structure, providing a proliferation attachment site for probiotics, while stimulating intestinal peristalsis, accelerating the discharge of metabolic waste, and maintaining the dynamic balance of the flora. The surface-grafted oleic acid long chain simulates the hydrophobicity of the intestinal mucosa, forms a physical barrier in the gastric acid environment, and reduces the gastric acid inactivation of probiotics (such as bifidobacteria); after entering the intestine, the hydrophobic effect enhances the adhesion stability of the bacteria to the intestinal wall and prolongs the colonization time. The phosphate group continuously supplies the metabolic needs of probiotics by slowly releasing phosphorus elements, and its negative charge characteristics selectively adsorb beneficial bacteria such as positively charged lactic acid bacteria to form a local high-density microecological area; at the same time, it inhibits the adhesion receptors of harmful bacteria such as Escherichia coli through competitive binding, and constructs a dual microenvironment of antibacterial and growth-promoting. This material can effectively maintain the balance of intestinal flora and improve the health level of pigs throughout the entire process from feed fermentation to pig digestion. Detailed implementation manners

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following further elaborates on the present invention in conjunction with embodiments. Of course, the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0034] Unless otherwise specified, the chemical reagents and materials in the present invention are purchased through market channels or synthesized from raw materials purchased through market channels.

[0035] Corn protein powder is purchased from Shandong Xiwang Starch Co., Ltd.

[0036] A preparation method of a pig feed based on fermented corn protein powder includes the following steps:

[0037] (1) Wash 10 g of Codonopsis pilosula, crush it to 40 - 80 mesh, add it to 30 - 50 mL of ethanol, perform ultrasonic treatment for 30 - 60 min, filter the product to obtain an extract and medicinal residues, evaporate and concentrate the extract to remove the solvent to obtain a Codonopsis pilosula extract;

[0038] (2) Add 100 g of oleic acid to 250 - 320 mL of glacial acetic acid, stir evenly, slowly dropwise add 120 - 160 mL of 30 wt% hydrogen peroxide, stir and react at 40 - 55 °C for 5 - 8 h, cool the product, neutralize it with an equal volume of saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, let it stand for layering, collect the organic phase, wash it with deionized water until neutral, dry it with anhydrous sodium sulfate, and rotary evaporate to remove the unreacted substances to obtain epoxidized oleic acid;

[0039] (3) Dissolve 100 g of epoxidized oleic acid in 200 - 400 mL of an ethanol - water solution (the volume ratio of ethanol to water is 3 - 4:1), then add 20 - 45 g of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, adjust the pH of the system to 8 - 9 with 10 - 20 wt% ammonia water, stir and react at 50 - 65 °C for 5 - 8 h, centrifuge, wash, and dry the product to obtain phosphoric acid - modified oleic acid;

[0040] (4) Immerse 100 g of the medicinal residues in 400 - 1000 mL of 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution, perform ultrasonic treatment at 45 - 55 °C for 0.5 - 1.5 h, filter, neutralize the pH of the system to 7 with 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid, wash and dry to obtain activated medicinal residues; add 10 g of the activated medicinal residues and 12 - 18 g of phosphoric acid - modified oleic acid to 80 - 150 mL of anhydrous ethanol, add 1.2 - 3 g of phosphoric acid catalyst, reflux and react at 60 - 75 °C in a nitrogen atmosphere for 12 - 18 h, centrifuge the product, elute the unreacted substances, and dry to obtain modified medicinal residues;

[0041] (5) Mix corn gluten meal, compound bacterial agent, modified medicinal residues, and deionized water according to a dosage ratio of 100 g: 4 - 12 g: 1 - 4 g: 100 - 200 mL, and perform anaerobic fermentation at 25 - 35 °C for 3 - 9 d to obtain fermented corn gluten meal; the compound bacterial agent is obtained by mixing Saccharomyces cerevisiae with a concentration of 10 billion viable bacteria / kg, Lactobacillus with a concentration of 10 billion viable bacteria / kg, Bacillus subtilis with a concentration of 10 billion viable bacteria / kg, and Bacillus licheniformis with a concentration of 100 billion viable bacteria / kg according to a weight ratio of 5: 1 - 3: 1 - 3: 1;

[0042] (6) Mix 2 - 6 parts of lysine, 2 - 6 parts of methionine, 1 - 5 parts of tryptophan, 1 - 3 parts of threonine, 1 - 3 parts of copper sulfate, 3 - 7 parts of ferrous sulfate, 1 - 5 parts of zinc chloride, 1 - 3 parts of manganese sulfate, 1 - 5 parts of cobalt chloride, 1 - 5 parts of yeast selenium, 1 - 3 parts of vitamin A, 1 - 3 parts of vitamin B, 8 - 12 parts of vitamin C, 1 - 5 parts of vitamin D, 8 - 12 parts of vitamin E, 2 - 6 parts of folic acid, and 10 - 20 parts of mirabilite to obtain a premix;

[0043] (7) Mix 40 - 55 parts of corn, 15 - 30 parts of soybean meal, 10 - 25 parts of fermented corn gluten meal, 2 - 10 parts of peanut meal, 2 - 10 parts of rapeseed meal, 3 - 8 parts of Codonopsis pilosula extract, 0.5 - 2 parts of salt, 1 - 3 parts of baking soda, and 3 - 8 parts of the premix evenly, and crush to a particle size of ≤ 2 mm to obtain the pig feed based on fermented corn gluten meal.

[0044] The following is a further description of the present invention through specific examples.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] A preparation method of a pig feed based on fermented corn gluten meal includes the following steps:

[0047] (1) Wash 10 g of Codonopsis pilosula, crush it to 80 mesh, add it to 50 mL of ethanol, perform ultrasonic treatment for 45 min, filter the product to obtain an extract and medicinal residues, evaporate and concentrate the extract to remove the solvent to obtain Codonopsis pilosula extract;

[0048] (2) Add 100 g of oleic acid to 270 mL of glacial acetic acid, stir evenly, slowly drop 150 mL of 30 wt% hydrogen peroxide, stir and react at 45 °C for 7 h, cool the product, neutralize it with an equal volume of saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, let it stand for layering, collect the organic phase, wash it with deionized water until neutral, dry it with anhydrous sodium sulfate, and rotary evaporate to remove the unreacted substances to obtain epoxidized oleic acid;

[0049] (3) Dissolve 100 g of epoxidized oleic acid in 250 mL of an ethanol aqueous solution (volume ratio of ethanol to water is 4:1), then add 30 g of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, adjust the pH of the system to 8.5 with 15 wt% ammonia water, stir and react at 55 °C for 7 h, centrifuge, wash, and dry the product to obtain phosphoric acid-modified oleic acid;

[0050] (4) Immerse 100 g of medicinal residues in 600 mL of 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution, perform ultrasonic treatment at 50 °C for 1 h, filter, neutralize the pH of the system to 7 with 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid, wash, and dry to obtain activated medicinal residues; Add 10 g of activated medicinal residues and 14 g of phosphoric acid-modified oleic acid to 100 mL of absolute ethanol, add 1.8 g of phosphoric acid catalyst, reflux and react at 65 °C under a nitrogen atmosphere for 14 h, centrifuge the product, elute the unreacted substances, and dry to obtain modified medicinal residues;

[0051] (5) Mix corn protein powder, compound bacterial agent, modified medicinal residues, and deionized water according to the dosage ratio of 100 g:8 g:3 g:150 mL, and perform anaerobic fermentation at 32 °C for 6 d to obtain fermented corn protein powder; The compound bacterial agent is a mixture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with a concentration of 10 billion viable bacteria / kg, Lactobacillus with a concentration of 10 billion viable bacteria / kg, Bacillus subtilis with a concentration of 10 billion viable bacteria / kg, and Bacillus licheniformis with a concentration of 100 billion viable bacteria / kg in a weight ratio of 5:2:2:1;

[0052] (6) Mix 4 g of lysine, 4 g of methionine, 3 g of tryptophan, 2 g of threonine, 2 g of copper sulfate, 5 g of ferrous sulfate, 3 g of zinc chloride, 2 g of manganese sulfate, 3 g of cobalt chloride, 3 g of yeast selenium, 2 g of vitamin A, 2 g of vitamin B, 10 g of vitamin C, 3 g of vitamin D, 10 g of vitamin E, 4 g of folic acid, and 15 g of mirabilite to obtain a premix;

[0053] (7) Mix 450 g of corn, 200 g of soybean meal, 150 g of fermented corn protein powder, 60 g of peanut meal, 40 g of rapeseed meal, 50 g of Codonopsis pilosula extract, 10 g of salt, 15 g of baking soda, and 50 g of premix evenly, and crush to a particle size of ≤2 mm to obtain the pig feed based on fermented corn protein powder.

[0054] Comparative Example 1

[0055] A preparation method of a pig feed based on fermented corn protein powder, comprising the following steps:

[0056] (1) Wash 10 g of Codonopsis pilosula, crush it to 80 mesh, add it to 50 mL of ethanol, perform ultrasonic treatment for 45 min, filter the product to obtain an extract and medicinal residues, evaporate and concentrate the extract to remove the solvent to obtain Codonopsis pilosula extract;

[0057] (2) Add 100 g of oleic acid to 320 mL of glacial acetic acid, stir evenly, slowly dropwise add 160 mL of 30 wt% hydrogen peroxide, stir and react at 55 °C for 5 h, cool the product, neutralize with an equal volume of saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, let it stand for layering, collect the organic phase, wash with deionized water until neutral, dry with anhydrous sodium sulfate, and rotary evaporate to remove the unreacted substances to obtain epoxidized oleic acid;

[0058] (3) Immerse 100 g of medicinal residues in 600 mL of 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution, ultrasonically treat at 55 °C for 1.5 h, filter, neutralize the pH of the system to 7 with 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid, wash and dry to obtain activated medicinal residues; Add 10 g of activated medicinal residues and 18 g of epoxidized oleic acid to 150 mL of anhydrous ethanol, add 3 g of phosphoric acid catalyst, reflux and react at 75 °C under a nitrogen atmosphere for 12 h, centrifuge the product, elute the unreacted substances, and dry to obtain modified medicinal residues;

[0059] (4) Mix corn protein powder, compound bacterial agent, modified medicinal residues, and deionized water according to the dosage ratio of 100 g: 8 g: 3 g: 150 mL, and anaerobically ferment at 32 °C for 6 d to obtain fermented corn protein powder; The compound bacterial agent is a mixture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with a concentration of 10 billion viable bacteria / kg, Lactobacillus with a concentration of 10 billion viable bacteria / kg, Bacillus subtilis with a concentration of 10 billion viable bacteria / kg, and Bacillus licheniformis with a concentration of 100 billion viable bacteria / kg in a weight ratio of 5: 2: 2: 1;

[0060] (5) Mix 4 g of lysine, 4 g of methionine, 3 g of tryptophan, 2 g of threonine, 2 g of copper sulfate, 5 g of ferrous sulfate, 3 g of zinc chloride, 2 g of manganese sulfate, 3 g of cobalt chloride, 3 g of yeast selenium, 2 g of vitamin A, 2 g of vitamin B, 10 g of vitamin C, 3 g of vitamin D, 10 g of vitamin E, 4 g of folic acid, and 15 g of mirabilite to obtain a premix;

[0061] (6) Mix 550 g of corn, 300 g of soybean meal, 250 g of fermented corn protein powder, 100 g of peanut meal, 100 g of rapeseed meal, 80 g of Codonopsis pilosula extract, 20 g of table salt, 30 g of baking soda, and 80 g of premix evenly, and crush to a particle size of ≤2 mm to obtain the pig feed based on fermented corn protein powder.

[0062] Comparative Example 2

[0063] A preparation method of a pig feed based on fermented corn protein powder, comprising the following steps:

[0064] (1) Wash 10 g of Codonopsis pilosula, crush it to 80 mesh, add it to 50 mL of ethanol, ultrasonically treat for 45 min, filter the product to obtain an extract and medicinal residues, evaporate and concentrate the extract to remove the solvent to obtain Codonopsis pilosula extract;

[0065] (2) Immerse 100 g of medicinal residues in 600 mL of 1 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution, perform ultrasonic treatment at 55 °C for 1.5 h, filter, neutralize the pH of the system to 7 with 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid, wash and dry to obtain activated medicinal residues;

[0066] (3) Mix corn protein powder, compound microbial agent, activated medicinal residues, and deionized water in a dosage ratio of 100 g: 8 g: 3 g: 150 mL, and perform anaerobic fermentation at 32 °C for 6 d to obtain fermented corn protein powder; the compound microbial agent is a mixture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with a concentration of 10 billion viable bacteria / kg, Lactobacillus with a concentration of 10 billion viable bacteria / kg, Bacillus subtilis with a concentration of 10 billion viable bacteria / kg, and Bacillus licheniformis with a concentration of 100 billion viable bacteria / kg in a weight ratio of 5: 2: 2: 1;

[0067] (4) Mix 4 g of lysine, 4 g of methionine, 3 g of tryptophan, 2 g of threonine, 2 g of copper sulfate, 5 g of ferrous sulfate, 3 g of zinc chloride, 2 g of manganese sulfate, 3 g of cobalt chloride, 3 g of yeast selenium, 2 g of vitamin A, 2 g of vitamin B, 10 g of vitamin C, 3 g of vitamin D, 10 g of vitamin E, 4 g of folic acid, and 15 g of mirabilite to obtain a premix;

[0068] (5) Mix 550 g of corn, 300 g of soybean meal, 250 g of fermented corn protein powder, 100 g of peanut meal, 100 g of rapeseed meal, 80 g of Codonopsis pilosula extract, 20 g of salt, 30 g of baking soda, and 80 g of premix evenly, and crush to a particle size of ≤2 mm to obtain the pig feed based on fermented corn protein powder.

[0069] Comparative Example 3

[0070] A preparation method of a pig feed based on fermented corn protein powder includes the following steps:

[0071] (1) Wash 10 g of Codonopsis pilosula, crush it to 80 mesh, add it to 50 mL of ethanol, perform ultrasonic treatment for 45 min, filter the product to obtain an extract and medicinal residues, evaporate and concentrate the extract to remove the solvent to obtain Codonopsis pilosula extract;

[0072] (2) Mix corn protein powder, compound microbial agent, and deionized water in a dosage ratio of 100 g: 8 g: 150 mL, and perform anaerobic fermentation at 32 °C for 6 d to obtain fermented corn protein powder; the compound microbial agent is a mixture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with a concentration of 10 billion viable bacteria / kg, Lactobacillus with a concentration of 10 billion viable bacteria / kg, Bacillus subtilis with a concentration of 10 billion viable bacteria / kg, and Bacillus licheniformis with a concentration of 100 billion viable bacteria / kg in a weight ratio of 5: 2: 2: 1;

[0073] (3) Mix 4 g of lysine, 4 g of methionine, 3 g of tryptophan, 2 g of threonine, 2 g of copper sulfate, 5 g of ferrous sulfate, 3 g of zinc chloride, 2 g of manganese sulfate, 3 g of cobalt chloride, 3 g of yeast selenium, 2 g of vitamin A, 2 g of vitamin B, 10 g of vitamin C, 3 g of vitamin D, 10 g of vitamin E, 4 g of folic acid, and 15 g of sodium sulfate to obtain a premix;

[0074] (4)Mix 550 g of corn, 300 g of soybean meal, 250 g of fermented corn protein powder, 100 g of peanut meal, 100 g of rapeseed meal, 80 g of Codonopsis pilosula extract, 20 g of salt, 30 g of baking soda, and 80 g of premix evenly, and crush to a particle size of ≤2 mm to obtain the pig feed based on fermented corn protein powder.

[0075] Determine the nutrient content of corn protein powder before and after fermentation in Example 1. Refer to GB / T 6432-2018 "Determination of Crude Protein in Feeds - Kjeldahl Method", GB / T 6433-2006 "Determination of Crude Fat in Feeds", GB / T 6434-2022 "Determination of Crude Fiber Content in Feeds", GB / T 6438-2007 "Determination of Crude Ash in Feeds", NY / T 1459-2022 "Determination of Acid Detergent Fiber in Feeds", DB15 / T 1458-2018 "Determination Methods for pH Value, Organic Acids, and Ammonium Nitrogen in Silage Feeds", GB / T 6436-2018 "Determination of Calcium in Feeds", and GB / T 6437-2018 "Determination of Total Phosphorus in Feeds - Spectrophotometric Method" to determine crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, ash, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, calcium content, and phosphorus content respectively. The soluble protein content is determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The specific data are shown in Table 1.

[0076] Table 1 Nutrient Content of Corn Protein Powder before and after Fermentation in Example 1

[0077]

[0078] Determine the nutrient content of corn protein powder before and after fermentation in Comparative Example 3. The specific data are shown in Table 2.

[0079] Table 2 Nutrient Content of Corn Protein Powder before and after Fermentation in Comparative Example 3

[0080]

[0081] According to the principle of similar body weight, age and sex ratio, Duroc×Landrace×Large White three-way cross growing pigs with a body weight of 70±2 kg were selected for the fattening test. They were fed with the pig feeds prepared in Example 1, Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 3 respectively. There were 4 replicates in each group and 5 pigs in each replicate. The same feeding and management methods were adopted until slaughter. After 56 days of feeding, their production performance was measured. The specific data are shown in Table 3.

[0082] Table 3 Effects of pig feeds on the growth performance of pigs

[0083]

[0084] One day before the end of the feeding period, the numbers of Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in the rectum of each pig were measured. The specific data are shown in Table 4.

[0085] Table 4 Effects of feeds on some microbial flora in the rectum of pigs (log CUF / g)

[0086]

[0087] As mentioned above, the above are only the preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and its inventive concept, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and all should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pig feed based on fermented corn gluten meal, characterized in that: The invention is prepared from the following components by weight: 40-55 parts of corn, 15-30 parts of soybean meal, 10-25 parts of fermented corn gluten powder, 2-10 parts of peanut meal, 2-10 parts of rapeseed meal, 3-8 parts of codonopsis pilosula extract, 0.5-2 parts of salt, 1-3 parts of baking soda, and 3-8 parts of premix; the fermented corn gluten powder is obtained by mixed fermentation of corn gluten powder, composite bacterial agent, and modified medicinal residue; alcohol extraction of codonopsis pilosula is performed to obtain codonopsis pilosula extract and medicinal residue, and the medicinal residue is modified to obtain modified medicinal residue; The preparation method of the modified medicinal residue comprises the following steps: (1) adding oleic acid to glacial acetic acid, stirring evenly, slowly dropping hydrogen peroxide, heating to react, cooling, neutralizing, standing and stratifying the product, collecting the organic phase, washing, drying, and rotary evaporating to remove unreacted products, thereby obtaining epoxidized oleic acid; (2) dissolving the epoxidized oleic acid in an ethanol aqueous solution, then adding calcium dihydrogen phosphate, adjusting the pH of the system, stirring the reaction, centrifuging, washing, and drying the product to obtain phosphoric acid-modified oleic acid; (3) Immersing the medicinal residue in a sodium hydroxide solution, ultrasonically treating, filtering, neutralizing, washing, and drying to obtain activated medicinal residue; adding the activated medicinal residue and phosphoric acid-modified oleic acid into anhydrous ethanol, adding a phosphoric acid catalyst, reflux reacting under a nitrogen atmosphere, centrifuging the product, eluting the unreacted matter, and drying to obtain modified medicinal residue.

2. The pig feed based on fermented corn gluten meal according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the dosage ratio of oleic acid, glacial acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide is 100 g: 250-320 mL: 120-160 mL; the concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 30 wt %; the temperature reaction condition is 40-55 ° C and stirring reaction is 5-8 hours; the product is neutralized with an equal volume of saturated sodium bicarbonate solution; washed with deionized water until neutral, and dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate.

3. The pig feed based on fermented corn gluten meal according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the volume ratio of ethanol to water in the ethanol aqueous solution is 3-4:1; the dosage ratio of epoxidized oleic acid, ethanol aqueous solution and calcium dihydrogen phosphate is 100 g: 200-400 mL: 20-45 g; 10-20 wt % ammonia water is used to adjust the pH of the system to 8-9; and the stirring reaction conditions are 50-65° C. and the stirring reaction is carried out for 5-8 hours.

4. The pig feed based on fermented corn gluten meal according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), the dosage ratio of the medicinal residue and the sodium hydroxide solution is 100 g: 400-1000 mL; the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 1 mol / L, and the ultrasonic treatment is performed at 45-55° C. for 0.5-1.5 h; and the system is neutralized to pH 7 with 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid.

5. The pig feed based on fermented corn gluten meal according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), the ratio of activated medicinal residue, phosphoric acid-modified oleic acid, anhydrous ethanol and phosphoric acid is 10 g: 12-18 g: 80-150 mL: 1.2-3 g; and the reflux reaction conditions are reflux reaction at 60-75° C. for 12-18 h.

6. The pig feed based on fermented corn gluten meal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the fermented corn gluten powder comprises the following steps: corn gluten powder, a composite bacterial agent, modified medicinal residues and deionized water are mixed in a dosage ratio of 100 g: 4-12 g: 1-4 g: 100-200 mL, and anaerobically fermented at 25-35° C. for 3-9 days to obtain fermented corn gluten powder; the composite bacterial agent is obtained by mixing 10 billion / kg of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 10 billion / kg of lactobacillus, 10 billion / kg of bacillus subtilis and 100 billion / kg of bacillus licheniformis in a weight ratio of 5:1-3:1-3:

1.

7. The pig feed based on fermented corn gluten meal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the Codonopsis pilosula extract comprises the following steps: washing and crushing 10 g of Codonopsis pilosula to 40-80 meshes, adding the mixture into 30-50 mL of ethanol, ultrasonically treating the mixture for 30-60 min, filtering the product to obtain an extract and a medicinal residue, and evaporating and concentrating the extract to remove the solvent to obtain the Codonopsis pilosula extract.

8. The pig feed based on fermented corn gluten meal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The premix is ​​made of the following components in parts by weight: 2-6 parts of lysine, 2-6 parts of methionine, 1-5 parts of tryptophan, 1-3 parts of threonine, 1-3 parts of copper sulfate, 3-7 parts of ferrous sulfate, 1-5 parts of zinc chloride, 1-3 parts of manganese sulfate, 1-5 parts of cobalt chloride, 1-5 parts of yeast selenium, 1-3 parts of vitamin A, 1-3 parts of vitamin B, 8-12 parts of vitamin C, 1-5 parts of vitamin D, 8-12 parts of vitamin E, 2-6 parts of folic acid, and 10-20 parts of xuanming powder.

9. A method for preparing pig feed based on fermented corn gluten meal according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: evenly mixing corn, soybean meal, fermented corn gluten meal, peanut meal, rapeseed meal, codonopsis pilosula extract, salt, baking soda and premix, and crushing the mixture to a particle size of ≤2 mm to obtain the pig feed based on fermented corn gluten meal.

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