Compound fermentation inoculant for enhancing composting efficiency of traditional Chinese medicine residues and traditional Chinese medicine residue fermentation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a compound fermentation inoculant for strengthening traditional Chinese medicine residue composting efficiency and a traditional Chinese medicine residue fermentation method.The compound fermentation inoculant comprises a composting function group, a nutrient production function group and a nutrient solution, in the traditional Chinese medicine residue fermentation process, the composting function group and the nutrient production function group act synergistically, the respective characteristics are exerted in different fermentation periods, and the effect of improving the traditional Chinese medicine residue composting efficiency is achieved. The degradation of lignocellulose, the fixation of nitrogen, the synthesis of flavonol and the generation of plant hormones are respectively accelerated, so that the efficiency of the composting process and the composting quality are comprehensively improved, and the planting quality of crops and the like is favorably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of microorganisms, and in particular to a composite fermentation agent for enhancing the composting efficiency of traditional Chinese medicine residues and a traditional Chinese medicine residue fermentation method. Background Art

[0002] Flavonoids are natural compounds in plants that have multiple biological activities such as antioxidant, disease resistance, and stress resistance. The synthesis of flavonoids is usually related to the secondary metabolic pathways of plants. Especially when subjected to environmental stress, flavonoids will be synthesized in large quantities to improve the rhizosphere physical and chemical and nutrient environment, improve the permeability of root hair cells, and recruit root microorganisms to mediate plant-microbiome interactions (including bacteria enhancing plant dehydration resistance) to cope with oxidative stress, pests and diseases, etc. This has a significant effect on plant root growth and stress resistance. However, it is difficult for most plants to naturally secrete flavonoids in large quantities, especially under specific environments, the amount of secretion may not be enough to play a significant promoting role.

[0003] As the demand for sustainable development in modern agriculture continues to increase, the use of traditional fertilizers and pesticides is gradually decreasing, and alternative green technologies have become one of the hot topics in agricultural research. As an agricultural waste, Chinese medicine residues can not only reduce environmental pollution but also provide beneficial resources for agricultural production through reasonable resource utilization. Composting, as a common method for resource utilization of Chinese medicine residues, can convert organic matter into organic fertilizer, improve soil fertility, and promote plant growth.

[0004] In this regard, our company plans to launch a project to improve the fermentation process of traditional Chinese medicine residues in order to increase the content of flavonoids, thereby enhancing the effect of fermented fertilizers on crop growth, such as improving their stress resistance and promoting root growth. Summary of the invention

[0005] To solve at least one of the above technical defects, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The present application discloses a composite fermentation agent for enhancing the composting efficiency of Chinese medicine residues, comprising a composting functional group, a nutrient production functional group and a nutrient solution. The composting functional group: composed of Bacillus licheniformis ( Bacillus licheniformis ), Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus faecalis, cellulase and ligninase are composed in a volume ratio of 2-3:1-2:0.5-1:1-2:1-2, and the Bacillus licheniformis ( Bacillus licheniformis )The deposit number is CGMCC.No.26194; The phytotoxin functional group: from Bacillus Velez Bacillus velezensis ) and Pseudomonas stutzeri in a volume ratio of 5-10:1-2, the Velez Bacillus ( Bacillus velezensis )The deposit number is CGMCC.No.32064; The nutrient solution contains 2-4 g phenylalanine, 1-3 g calcium nitrate, 0.5-2 g urea, 0.2-0.8 g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5-2 g potassium chloride and 0.1-0.4 g magnesium sulfate per 1 L of water, and the pH is 5.5-6.5; The mass ratio of the nutrient-producing functional group to the nutrient solution is 1:10-20, and the total mass of the nutrient-producing functional group and the nutrient solution accounts for 2-5% of the mass of the composting functional group.

[0006] The composite bacterial agent of the present invention contains Bacillus licheniformis ( Bacillus licheniformis , accession number CGMCC.No.26194), Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus faecalis, cellulase, and ligninase form a composite microbial system, which uses microbial decomposition to decompose the traditional Chinese medicine residue that has been extracted at high temperature, completely transforms the metabolites to ensure biosafety, and releases the nutrients needed for plant growth.

[0007] At the same time, add Bacillus Velez Bacillus velezensis , accession number CGMCC.No.32064) and Pseudomonas stutzeri, Bacillus velezensis ( Bacillus velezensis , preservation number CGMCC.No.32064) can make full use of small molecular nutrients in traditional Chinese medicine residues, precursors of flavonoids such as cinnamic acid, and effective substance phenylalanine in nutrient solution substances, promote the formation of flavonoids, and help improve the stress resistance of plant roots; Pseudomonas stutzeri can secrete natural plant hormones such as indoleacetic acid and cytokinin into the soil environment, increase the growth activity of plant roots, and enhance the absorption and supply of nutrients to plants.

[0008] Further, the compost functional group: the concentration is 2-7×10 10 cfu / ml of Bacillus licheniformis ( Bacillus licheniformis , accession number CGMCC.No.26194), Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus alcaligenes faecalis, and 1-4×10 4 U / ml of cellulase, 2-6×10 3 U / ml of ligninase were mixed according to the bacterial liquid volume ratio of 2-3:1-2:0.5-1:1-2:1-2.

[0009] Further, the functional group of the hormone: 3-8×10 10 cfu / ml Bacillus Velezii ( Bacillus velezensis , accession number CGMCC.No.32064), and 3-8×10 10 cfu / ml Pseudomonas stutzeri, mixed at a bacterial liquid volume ratio of 5-10:1-2.

[0010] Further, composting functional groups: for concentrations of 2-7×10 10 cfu / ml of Bacillus licheniformis ( Bacillus licheniformis The culture medium A for the expansion of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus faecalis is composed of 18-22 g / L sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 1-3 g / L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 1-2 g / L ammonium sulfate, 0.4-0.8 g / L magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.1-0.5 g / L calcium chloride, trace amounts of ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, zinc chloride, and cobalt chloride; pH is 5.5-7.5.

[0011] Furthermore, the production of phytotoxicity in the functional group was positive for Bacillus velez ( Bacillus velezensis The composition of medium B for the expansion of Pseudomonas stutzeri (CGMCC.No.32064) is as follows: 9-11 g / L soybean powder, 9-11 g / L malt extract, 4-6 g / L sodium chloride, 9-11 g / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-3 g / L glutamic acid, 4-6 g / L potassium sulfate; pH 6.8-7.2.

[0012] The present application discloses a method for fermenting Chinese medicine residues, comprising the following steps: S1. Mix cinnamon bark residue, perilla bark residue, scutellaria bark residue, polygonatum bark residue, paridis bark residue, and honeysuckle bark residue in a mass ratio of 2-5:3-7:1-3:1-2:1-2:1-2 to form a pile; S2, adding the composting functional group in the above-mentioned composite fermentation bacterial agent to the pile and adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio, the amount of the composting functional group added is 0.1-0.5% of the mass of the pile; S3, after the pile material is fermented to below 35°C, the nutrient-producing functional group and nutrient solution in the above-mentioned composite fermentation agent are added; S4. Continue fermenting the compost for 10-15 days.

[0013] In the initial stage of composting, the compost functional groups are fully mixed with the compost Chinese medicinal residue raw materials, which can start and maintain the high temperature period of composting (above 55°C) earlier, accelerate the decomposition and fermentation efficiency, ensure that there are no weed seeds, insect eggs and pathogens in the compost product, and ensure biosafety.

[0014] After high-temperature extraction, the complex structure of the plant tissue of the Chinese medicine residue has been initially destroyed. After further treatment with cellulase and ligninase, the organic matter that was originally difficult to destroy and degrade becomes easier to be used by microorganisms. Bacillus licheniformis, accession number CGMCC.No.26194) is a cellulose-degrading bacterium with strong temperature adaptability. It can efficiently degrade lignocellulose at 25℃-65℃, and is particularly rich in cellulase systems, including endocellulase (EG), exocellulase (CBHs) and β-glucosidases (BGLs). This strain can complement the functions of Bacillus subtilis, which focuses more on degrading hemicellulose, and synergistically decompose lignocellulose and other organic matter, releasing rich nutrients that can be used by other microorganisms, such as sugars, amino acids and organic acids, which can stimulate the reproduction of microorganisms, especially the proliferation of Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis. This process improves the biodegradation efficiency of compost, accelerates the transformation of organic matter, and enhances the activity and stability of the microbial community. This cooperation can effectively accelerate the composting process and improve the quality of compost.

[0015] Nitrogen fixation of Alcaligenes faecalis: During the composting process, Alcaligenes faecalis efficiently absorbs nitrogen substances in the environment (such as urea, potassium nitrate and other nitrogen fertilizers) and converts them into nitrogen sources that can be used by plants. Nitrogen is an indispensable nutrient for microbial growth. Especially during the composting process, microorganisms that proliferate and metabolize in large quantities in a short period of time have a large demand for nitrogen sources. Alcaligenes faecalis can maintain the nitrogen nutrient level in the compost through the nitrogen conversion system, reduce nitrogen loss, and supply sufficient nitrogen sources for other microorganisms in the compost, ensuring the stability of the microecological environment of the compost.

[0016] In the middle and late stages of composting, the compost enters a cooling period (the average temperature of the compost is below 35°C), and the macromolecular substances in the compost are basically metabolized into small and medium molecular nutrients. The material composition and structure of the compost are basically stable. At this time, as the compost is turned, the nutrient-producing functional groups and the specialized nutrient solution are added into the compost and evenly mixed, starting the nutrient-producing stage of the compost. Bacillus velezensis , accession number CGMCC.No.32064) synthesizes flavonoids through the phenylalanine metabolic pathway. Flavonoids themselves are a class of natural compounds with multiple biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-pathogenic and anti-environmental stress. After the action of the composting functional group in the previous stage, the compost material has rich nutrients and good physical structure, which can be regarded as a good culture medium for microorganisms in the later stage. Bacillus Velezii ( Bacillus velezensis , accession number CGMCC.No.32064) and Pseudomonas stutzeri utilize the rich nutrients in the compost and a large amount of synthetic precursors in the nutrient solution to synthesize flavonoids and plant hormones to regulate the microbial community and improve the composting environment.

[0017] The dregs of traditional Chinese medicines with cinnamon bark (Cinnamomum cassia), purple basil (Perilla frutescens) and scutellaria baicalensis as the main ingredients contain organic residues mainly composed of cinnamic acid. Bacillus velezensis , accession number CGMCC.No.32064) produces flavonoid metabolites through phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and flavonoid biosynthesis using a large amount of residual cinnamic acid in traditional Chinese medicine residues and phenylalanine in artificially added nutrient solution, mainly apigenin and luteolin; flavonols metabolites, mainly quercetin, kaempferol and myricetin; isoflavones, mainly isoliquiritigenin.

[0018] By Bacillus velez Bacillus velezensis , Collection Number CGMCC.No.32064), can increase the flavonoid content in compost, enhance the resistance of plants to adversities (such as drought, salinity, etc.), and thus promote plant growth.

[0019] In order to physiologically enhance the growth activity of plant roots and improve the root absorption capacity, Pseudomonas stutzeri is designed to be added. This strain is a plant growth promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR) that can secrete a variety of plant growth hormones, especially indoleacetic acid (IAA) and cytokinin (CK). Indoleacetic acid is the main auxin that can promote the elongation and differentiation of plant roots, promote the expansion and division of cells; cytokinin can promote the growth of plant branches and leaves by promoting cell division. Pseudomonas stutzeri regulates the growth process of plants by producing these plant hormones, especially promoting the development of the root system and the overall growth of the plant. At the same time, the plant hormone synthesis of Pseudomonas stutzeri also helps to improve the environmental adaptability and stress resistance of plants, and can be combined with Bacillus Velezii ( Bacillus velezensis , Collection Number CGMCC.No.32064) together create a good physiological environment to promote the growth of plant roots.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention designs a composite fermentation agent and a fermentation method. During the fermentation process of traditional Chinese medicine residues, the composting functional group and the hormone-producing functional group work synergistically to exert their respective strengths at different fermentation periods, respectively accelerating the degradation of lignocellulose, the fixation of nitrogen, the synthesis of flavonoids and the production of plant hormones, thereby comprehensively improving the efficiency of the composting process and the quality of compost, and helping to improve the quality of crops and the like. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process and function of the combined composting and element production. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of temperature changes during composting; Figure 3 This is a graph showing changes in the seed germination index of compost products. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] Bacillus licheniformis ( Bacillus licheniformis , accession number CGMCC.No.26194), Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus faecalis were cultured in a medium A composed of 20 g / L sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 2 g / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.4 g / L ammonium sulfate, 0.6 g / L magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.3 g / L calcium chloride, trace amounts of ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, zinc chloride, and cobalt chloride (a total of 0.1 g / L, with a dead ratio of 1:1:1:1), pH was adjusted to 6, autoclaved at 121°C for 20 minutes, and the microbial culture temperature was 37°C. Among them, Bacillus licheniformis ( Bacillus licheniformis , deposit number CGMCC.No.26194) The deposit date is November 14, 2022, the depositor is China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center, the deposit number is CGMCC.No.26194, and it was isolated by the inventor himself.

[0025] Bacillus licheniformis ( Bacillus licheniformis , accession number CGMCC.No.26194), Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus alcaligenes faecalis were cultured to a concentration of 4×10 10 cfu / ml.

[0026] Bacillus VelezBacillus velezensis , accession number CGMCC.No.32064), the composition of medium B for the expansion of Pseudomonas stutzeri is as follows: 10g / L soybean powder, 10g / L malt extract, 5g / L sodium chloride, 10g / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 2g / L glutamic acid, 5g / L potassium sulfate, adjust the pH to 7, autoclave at 121℃ for 20 minutes, and the microbial culture temperature is 24℃. Among them, Bacillus velezini ( Bacillus velezensis , deposit number CGMCC.No.32064) The deposit date is September 25, 2024, the depositor is China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center, the deposit number is CGMCC.No.32064, and it was isolated by the inventor himself.

[0027] Velezella ( Bacillus velezensis , accession number CGMCC.No.32064), Pseudomonas stutzeri was cultured to a concentration of 5×10 10 cuf / ml.

[0028] The residues of cinnamon bark, perilla frutescens, scutellaria baicalensis, polygonatum sibiricum, paridis rhizome and honeysuckle are all residues of water extraction.

[0029] The method for fermenting Chinese medicinal residues comprises the following steps: S1. Mix cinnamon bark residues, perilla bark residues, scutellaria bark residues, polygonatum bark residues, paridis bark residues, and honeysuckle bark residues in a mass ratio of 2:4:3:1:1:1 to form a pile, the size of the pile is 1 meter long, 0.5 meter wide, and 0.7 meter high.

[0030] S2, the concentration is 4×10 10 cfu / ml of Bacillus licheniformis ( Bacillus licheniformis , accession number CGMCC.No.26194), Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus alcaligenes faecalis and 3×10 4 U / ml of cellulase, 4×10 3 The U / ml ligninase was mixed in a volume ratio of 2.5:1.4:0.6:1.3:1.6 in liquid state to form a compost functional group.

[0031] The compost functional group and water were mixed in a mass ratio of 1:200 for dilution. The diluted bacterial solution was sprayed on the pile and urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate were added to adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio to 27:1. Water was added to make the moisture content of the pile 58%. The amount of compost functional group added was 0.3% of the mass of the pile.

[0032] S3. The materials in the pile are fermented until the average temperature inside the pile is lower than 35°C. During the turning process, the nutrient functional group and nutrient solution are added, wherein the nutrient functional group is 5×10 10 cuf / ml of Bacillus Velezii (Bacillus velezensis , accession number CGMCC.No.32064), 5×10 10 cuf / ml of Pseudomonas stutzeri were mixed in a volume ratio of 7:1.6 in the liquid state. The composition of the nutrient solution was: 3 g phenylalanine, 2 g calcium nitrate, 1 g urea, 0.5 g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 g potassium chloride, and 0.2 g magnesium sulfate per 1 L of water. The pH was adjusted to 6 and high-pressure sterilization was performed at 121°C for 20 minutes.

[0033] The mass ratio of the nutrient-producing functional group to the nutrient solution is 1:15, and the total addition amount of the nutrient-producing functional group and the nutrient solution is 2.6% of the pile mass.

[0034] S4. The pile mixture with the added hormonal functional group and the nutrient solution continues to ferment until the average internal temperature is lower than room temperature, and the fermentation is completed.

[0035] Fermentation Group 1 Treatment 1: The fermentation method of Chinese medicinal residue is different from the above fermentation method in that no composite fermentation agent is added in this example.

[0036] Treatment 2: Fermentation of Chinese medicinal residues using the above-mentioned fermentation method.

[0037] Treatment 3: Fermentation of Chinese medicine residues by the above fermentation method, except that the composite fermentation agent does not contain Bacillus licheniformis ( Bacillus licheniformis , accession number CGMCC.No.26194).

[0038] Treatment 4: Fermentation of Chinese medicine residues by the above fermentation method, except that the composite fermentation agent does not contain Bacillus licheniformis ( Bacillus licheniformis , deposit number CGMCC.No.26194) and Bacillus subtilis.

[0039] Treatment 5: The fermentation method of Chinese medicine residue is carried out by the above fermentation method, except that the compound fermentation agent does not contain alcaligenes faecalis. Treatment 6: The fermentation method of Chinese medicine residue is carried out by the above fermentation method, except that the compound fermentation agent does not contain cellulase and ligninase.

[0040] Treatment 7: The fermentation method of Chinese medicine residue is carried out by the above fermentation method, except that the bacterial agent adopts the composting bacterial agent produced by Jining Ali Da Bioengineering Co., Ltd. Treatment 8: The fermentation method of Chinese medicine residue is carried out by the above fermentation method, except that the bacterial agent adopts the composting bacterial agent produced by Shandong Beijia Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0041] During the composting process, the temperature of different treatment groups was recorded uniformly on days 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 24, 32, and 48. 1 kg of samples were taken from different positions of the compost pile (such as the top, center, and bottom) and mixed evenly to obtain a representative sample to complete the measurement of various parameters.

[0042] The test results are as follows: refer to Figure 1 It can be seen that during the fermentation process of the Chinese medicine residue, the composting functional group and the hormone-producing functional group play a role at different stages. Figure 2 As shown, compared with other groups, treatment 2 entered the high temperature period faster (55.5°C on the second day), maintained high temperature for 10 days and reached a maximum temperature of 69.8°C, which was better than other treatment groups and met the high temperature period standard requirements of organic fertilizer (above 55°C for at least 7 days), which can effectively kill weed seeds, insect eggs and pathogens. Treatment 2 can drop to the ambient temperature (below 35°C) more quickly on the 24th day and complete the high temperature maturity stage of composting. It also means that the phytotoxin-producing functional bacteria can be applied earlier to speed up the fermentation progress. At the same time, compared with treatment 3, treatment 2 has Bacillus licheniformis ( Bacillus licheniformis , accession number CGMCC.No.26194) can increase the temperature of the high temperature period of compost and prolong the high temperature period (the high temperature period of treatment group 2 is 10 days, and the high temperature period of treatment group 3 is 8 days). Compared with other treatment groups, treatment group 2 can quickly start the high temperature period, reach a higher temperature and last longer, and enter the compost maturity period earlier. Compared with other groups, the seed germination rate of treatment 2 in each period is better than that of other treatment groups, especially on the 24th day, it reaches 78.9%, reaching the national standard of organic fertilizer (seed germination index ≥70%), which may be related to the temperature reduction of treatment group 2 on the 24th day. The temperature reduction reflects that the materials in the compost have a more thorough transformation degree, the macromolecules in the compost have basically been metabolized by microorganisms into small molecules and then used, and the intensity of the biological transformation of the compost is reduced. In summary, the experimental results confirm that treatment group 2 can effectively promote the thorough transformation of substances in straw compost, accelerate the compost maturity process, and improve the biosafety of compost.

[0043] The compost products of treatments 1-8 are shown in Table 1.

[0044] Table 1

[0045] As shown in Table 1, except for treatment groups 1 and 5, all other treatment groups met the national standards. The organic matter content of treatment group 2 was not significantly different from that of treatment group 7, but significantly higher than that of other treatment groups; the total nitrogen content of treatment group 2 was not significantly different from that of treatment group 8, but significantly higher than that of other treatment groups; the total nutrient content of treatment group 2 was significantly higher than that of other treatment groups. Compared with treatment group 2, treatment 3 wasBacillus licheniformis , accession number CGMCC.No.26194), resulting in a significant decrease in all indicators. Except for treatment 1, the total nitrogen content and total nutrient content in treatment group 5 were significantly lower than those in other treatment groups, indicating that the absence of alcaligenes faecalis resulted in a decrease in the nitrogen fixation capacity in the composting system, leading to nutrient loss. In summary, the indicators of the compost product of treatment group 2 met the national standard for organic fertilizer ("NY / T 525-2021 Organic Fertilizer"), and the overall level was better than that of other treatment groups.

[0046] Fermentation Group 2 Treatment Group 1: The fermentation method of Chinese medicinal residues was carried out by the above-mentioned fermentation method, with the difference that: there was no pro-hormone functional group and specific nutrient solution in the composite fermentation agent.

[0047] Treatment Group 2: The fermentation method of Chinese medicinal residues was carried out by the above-mentioned fermentation method, with the difference that: there was no composting functional group in the composite fermentation bacterial agent, and only the nutrient-producing functional group and the specific nutrient solution were used.

[0048] Treatment group 3: The fermentation method of the Chinese medicine residue was carried out by the above fermentation method, except that: there was no Bacillus Velezii in the functional group producing hormones ( Bacillus velezensis , accession number CGMCC.No.32064), using only Pseudomonas stutzeri and nutrient solution.

[0049] Treatment group 4: The fermentation method of the Chinese medicine residue was carried out by the above fermentation method, except that Pseudomonas stutzeri was not used in the functional group producing hormones, and only Bacillus velezensis was used ( Bacillus velezensis , Collection Number CGMCC.No.32064) and nutrient solution.

[0050] Treatment Group 5: The fermentation method of the Chinese medicine residue was carried out by the above fermentation method, except that Bacillus Velezii ( Bacillus velezensis , accession number CGMCC.No.32064) and Pseudomonas stutzeri, only nutrient solution was used. Treatment group 6: fermentation method of Chinese medicine residues, fermentation was carried out according to the above fermentation method, the difference was that only three Chinese medicine residues of polygonatum, paridis, and honeysuckle were used, the mass ratio of the three was 2:4:3, and the composite fermentation agent had no composting function group and nutrient solution.

[0051] Treatment group 7: The fermentation method of Chinese medicine residue was carried out by the above fermentation method, except that the Bacillus Velez in the composite fermentation agent was produced by Shandong Xinfuwo Bioengineering Co., Ltd. Treatment group 8: The fermentation method of Chinese medicine residue was carried out by the above fermentation method, except that the Bacillus Velez in the composite fermentation agent was produced by Shandong Yihao Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0052] The fermentation products were detected, as shown in Table 2.

[0053] Table 2

[0054] As shown in Table 2, compared with other groups, treatment groups 2, 4, and 5 had a significant difference due to the addition of Bacillus Velezii ( Bacillus velezensis , accession number CGMCC.No.32064), so all indicators were significantly higher than those of other treatment groups, which proved that Bacillus Velezii ( Bacillus velezensis , accession number CGMCC.No.32064) can utilize nutrients in compost and produce a large amount of flavonoids after conversion, thereby increasing the level of flavonoids in compost. Compared with treatment groups 2 and 4, the content of total flavonoids, flavonoids and quercetin in treatment group 5 was significantly reduced, indicating that the addition of nutrient solution provided raw material phenylalanine for the microbial metabolic system in the material, significantly increasing the level of Bacillus Velezii ( Bacillus velezensis , accession number CGMCC.No.32064) to produce flavonoids. Treatment group 6 has different raw materials from other treatments. The cinnamic acid content is as low as 0.05 mg / g, and Bacillus Velezii ( Bacillus velezensis , accession number CGMCC.No.32064) only uses phenylalanine in the specialized nutrient solution and other nutrients in the compost as precursors of flavonoids. All indicators of treatment group 6 were significantly higher than those of treatment group 5, which proves that the specialized nutrient solution has a higher promoting effect on flavonoid metabolism than the Chinese medicine residue raw material; under the same flavonoid-producing functional group, the total flavonoids and flavonoids in treatment group 6 were significantly lower than those in treatment groups 2 and 4, which confirms that the cinnamic acid content in the Chinese medicine residue raw material is important for Bacillus Velezii ( Bacillus velezensis , Collection Number CGMCC.No.32064) has a significant promoting effect on the metabolism of flavonoids.

[0055] The production of flavonoids in treatment groups 7 and 8 was significantly reduced due to the replacement of Bacillus Velezii.

[0056] Experiment on the cultivation of Chinese cabbage The organic fertilizer prepared by fermentation group 2 was used to plant the radish in the greenhouse. The peat: vermiculite: perlite was evenly mixed in a volume ratio of 3:1:1 to form a matrix. The matrix and the compost fermentation products of each treatment group were mixed in a mass ratio of 4:1 to prepare the planting matrix. The radish was sown from seeds, and 3 pots were planted in each treatment, with 3 plants retained in each pot. After 35 days of emergence, the radish was harvested, and the various indicators in each treatment group were tested, as shown in Table 3.

[0057] Table 3

[0058] As shown in Table 3, compared with other groups, the various indicators of treatment group 2 were significantly the highest or one of the highest. The fresh weight, plant height and root length of treatment groups 2, 3, 5 and 6 were significantly higher than those of treatment groups 1, 4, 7 and 8, which shows that the addition of Pseudomonas stutzeri can significantly promote the improvement of plant appearance traits and increase the yield of chicken feather vegetables. The SOD, POD and CAT of treatment group 2 were significantly higher than those of treatment groups 1 and 3, which shows that the Bacillus Velezii ( Bacillus velezensis , accession number CGMCC.No.32064) can significantly improve the stress resistance of C. chinensis. The net photosynthetic rate and intercellular carbon dioxide mass fraction of treatment groups 2, 5, and 6 were significantly higher than those of other treatment groups, indicating that Bacillus Velezii ( Bacillus velezensis , accession number CGMCC.No.32064) and Pseudomonas stutzeri can significantly improve the physiological activity of chicken feather vegetables. The soluble protein content of treatment groups 2, 4, 5, and 6 was significantly higher than that of other treatment groups, which indicates that Bacillus Velezii ( Bacillus velezensis , collection number CGMCC.No.32064) promoted the production and accumulation of soluble protein in C.

[0059] Furthermore, the vitamin C content of treatment group 2 was significantly higher than that of other treatment groups, which confirmed that the synergy of the components in the hormone-producing functional group promoted the growth of C. edulis. In summary, the use of treatment group 2 can promote the improvement of the appearance traits of C. edulis and thus increase its yield, improve the stress resistance and physiological activity of C. edulis, and enhance the production and accumulation of soluble protein and vitamin C in C. edulis, thereby optimizing the quality of vegetables. From the above planting cases, it can be seen that under the joint action of the composting functional group and the hormone-producing functional group, the composting efficiency is improved, and at the same time, it can promote material transformation, improve the degree of maturity and biosafety. At the same time, the content of flavonoids in the compost product can be specially increased, the compost quality can be optimized, and the biological functionality of the compost can be enriched. The compost product can improve the stress resistance level of C. edulis and achieve a significant improvement in quality and yield.

[0060] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions under the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite fermentation agent for enhancing the composting efficiency of Chinese medicine residues, characterized in that: Including composting functional group, nutrient production functional group and nutrient solution, The composting functional group: composed of Bacillus licheniformis ( Bacillus licheniformis ), Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus faecalis, cellulase and ligninase are composed in a volume ratio of 2-3:1-2:0.5-1:1-2:1-2, and the Bacillus licheniformis ( Bacillus licheniformis )The deposit number is CGMCC.No.26194; The phytotoxin functional group: from Bacillus Velez Bacillus velezensis ) and Pseudomonas stutzeri in a volume ratio of 5-10:1-2, the Velez Bacillus ( Bacillus velezensis )The deposit number is CGMCC.No.32064; The nutrient solution contains 2-4 g phenylalanine, 1-3 g calcium nitrate, 0.5-2 g urea, 0.2-0.8 g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5-2 g potassium chloride and 0.1-0.4 g magnesium sulfate per 1 L of water, and the pH is 5.5-6.5; The mass ratio of the nutrient-producing functional group to the nutrient solution is 1:10-20, and the total mass of the nutrient-producing functional group and the nutrient solution accounts for 2-5% of the mass of the composting functional group.

2. The composite fermentation agent for enhancing the composting efficiency of Chinese medicinal residues according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compost functional group: the concentration is 2×10 10 cfu / ml- 7×10 10 cfu / ml of Bacillus licheniformis ( Bacillus licheniformis ), Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus faecalis, concentration of 1×10 4 U / ml- 4×10 4 U / ml of cellulase, the concentration is 2×10 3 U / ml- 6×10 3 U / ml of ligninase were mixed according to the bacterial liquid volume ratio of 2-3:1-2:0.5-1:1-2:1-2.

3. The composite fermentation agent for enhancing the composting efficiency of Chinese medicinal residues according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hormonal functional group: the concentration is 3×10 10 cfu / ml- 8×10 10 cfu / ml of Bacillus Velezii ( Bacillus velezensis ) with a concentration of 3×10 10 cfu / ml- 8×10 10 cfu / ml of Pseudomonas stutzeri were mixed at a bacterial liquid volume ratio of 5-10:1-2.

4. The composite fermentation agent for enhancing the composting efficiency of Chinese medicinal residues according to claim 1, characterized in that: Used to expand the Velez subtilis in the toxin-producing functional group ( Bacillus velezensis The composition of medium B for the expansion of Pseudomonas stutzeri is as follows: 9-11 g / L soybean powder, 9-11 g / L malt extract, 4-6 g / L sodium chloride, 9-11 g / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-3 g / L glutamic acid and 4-6 g / L potassium sulfate; the pH is 6.8-7.

2.

5. The composite fermentation agent for enhancing the composting efficiency of Chinese medicinal residues according to claim 1, characterized in that: For expanding the compost functional group: the concentration is 2×10 10 cfu / ml- 7×10 10 cfu / ml of Bacillus licheniformis ( Bacillus licheniformis ), Bacillus subtilis and Alcaligenes faecalis culture medium A is composed of 18-22 g / L sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 1-3 g / L potassium hydrogen phosphate, 1-2 g / L ammonium sulfate, 0.4-0.8 g / L magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 0.1-0.5 g / L calcium chloride, and trace amounts of ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, zinc chloride, and cobalt chloride; pH is 5.5-7.

5.

6. A method for fermenting Chinese medicinal residues, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Mix cinnamon bark residue, perilla bark residue, scutellaria bark residue, polygonatum bark residue, paridis bark residue, and honeysuckle bark residue in a mass ratio of 2-5:3-7:1-3:1-2:1-2:1-2 to form a pile; S2. Add the composting functional group in the composite fermentation bacterial agent according to any one of claims 1 to 5 to the pile and adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio, wherein the amount of the composting functional group added is 0.1-0.5% of the mass of the pile; S3, after the pile material is fermented to below 35°C, adding the hormone-producing functional group and the nutrient solution in the composite fermentation bacterial agent according to any one of claims 1 to 5; S4. Continue fermenting the compost for 10-15 days.

Images