Out-field intelligent regulation and control photocatalytic hydrogen production integrated device and system

Abstract

The invention relates to an external field intelligent regulation and control photocatalytic hydrogen production integrated device and system. The device comprises a Fresnel lens; the double-layer vacuum glass tube comprises an outer-layer glass tube, an inner-layer glass tube and a vacuum layer located between the outer-layer glass tube and the inner-layer glass tube, and the inner-layer glass tube is connected with an external water source and the separation module; the Helmholtz coil comprises two conductor coils, and the two conductor coils are symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the outer-layer glass tube in a sleeving mode and are communicated with an external power source; the photocatalyst is arranged in the inner-layer glass tube and is positioned at a strip-shaped light band of the sunlight focused by the Fresnel lens; the separation module comprises a hydrogen separation membrane and a gas outlet and is used for efficiently separating gas generated by reaction; the Fresnel lens is connected with the double-layer vacuum glass tube through the fixing support and located on the upper side of the double-layer vacuum glass tube. The Helmholtz coil is used for generating a magnetic field to improve the photo-generated charge separation efficiency in the photocatalytic reaction process, so that the hydrogen production efficiency is improved. The efficiency of photocatalytic reaction hydrogen production can be improved through precise regulation and control of an external field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photocatalytic hydrogen production, and in particular to an external field intelligently controlled photocatalytic hydrogen production integrated device and system. Background Art

[0002] In the current context of global environmental deterioration and increasingly prominent contradictions between energy supply and demand, my country's abundant solar energy resources provide a new strategic consideration for solving the urgent energy crisis. As a pollution-free, sustainable and renewable clean energy, solar energy is regarded as one of the most promising and promising hydrogen production methods in the field of future energy conversion technology. However, although solar hydrogen production technology has significant environmental and economic advantages and shows great development potential, its large-scale application and commercial promotion still face a series of core problems, among which the most critical are the development of efficient and practical photocatalytic reaction systems and the normal operation of equipment under different climatic conditions. Specifically, it covers the optimization design of solar energy efficient concentration technology, aiming to maximize the capture and utilization of solar radiation; the precise control of the photocatalytic reaction environment not only involves the fine management of reaction conditions (such as temperature, pressure, light intensity and wavelength distribution, etc.) to optimize the performance of photocatalysts and improve the production efficiency of hydrogen energy, but also involves enhancing the ability of equipment to cope with different climate changes and extreme weather, thereby promoting its large-scale application in different regional environments. Therefore, breaking through these technical bottlenecks is of great significance to promoting the substantial progress of solar hydrogen production technology and realizing the green transformation of energy structure.

[0003] At present, the focusing device used in photocatalytic hydrogen production technology is generally a parabolic focusing system. For the parabolic focusing system, the incident light is reflected multiple times inside the parabolic concentrator and then converged to the receiving surface, which can theoretically achieve a very high focusing ratio. However, due to the geometric characteristics of the parabola, the multiple reflections of light on the inner wall inevitably introduce energy loss. This is because the reflection process is not completely ideal, and there is a certain degree of scattering and absorption effect, which reduces the efficiency of light energy utilization.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new integrated device and system for external field intelligent control of photocatalytic hydrogen production. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated device and system for external field intelligent control of photocatalytic hydrogen production to improve the efficiency of photocatalytic hydrogen production.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an integrated device for external field intelligent control of photocatalytic hydrogen production, comprising:

[0007] Fresnel lens;

[0008] A double-layer vacuum glass tube, comprising an outer glass tube, an inner glass tube and a vacuum layer therebetween, wherein the inner glass tube is connected to an external water source;

[0009] The Helmholtz coil comprises two conductor coils, which are symmetrically sleeved on both ends of the outer glass tube and connected to an external power source;

[0010] A photocatalyst is placed in the inner glass tube and is located at the strip of sunlight focused by the Fresnel lens;

[0011] A separation module, comprising a hydrogen separation membrane and a gas outlet, wherein the hydrogen separation membrane is connected to the inner glass tube and is used for efficiently separating the gas generated by the reaction;

[0012] The Fresnel lens is connected to the double-layer vacuum glass tube via a fixed bracket, and the Fresnel lens is located on the upper side of the double-layer vacuum glass tube; the Helmholtz coil is used to generate a magnetic field to improve the efficiency of hydrogen production by photocatalytic reaction.

[0013] Optionally, it also includes a sunlight tracking mechanism and a controller, the Fresnel lens and the double-layer vacuum glass tube are installed on the sunlight tracking mechanism, and the controller is connected to the sunlight tracking mechanism to adjust the position of the Fresnel lens and the double-layer vacuum glass tube to achieve real-time tracking of sunlight.

[0014] Optionally, the sunlight tracking mechanism comprises:

[0015] A photothermal sensor having a photo sensor probe disposed above the outer glass tube and a temperature sensor probe disposed inside the inner glass tube;

[0016] A rotating unit, used for driving the double-layer vacuum glass tube and the Fresnel lens to rotate together;

[0017] An angle adjustment unit, used to drive the rotating unit, the double-layer vacuum glass tube and the Fresnel lens to move together, so as to adjust the angle between the Fresnel lens and the horizontal plane;

[0018] The controller drives the angle adjustment unit and the rotation unit to work based on the monitoring result of the photothermal sensor, and the controller is connected to the photothermal sensor, the rotation unit and the angle adjustment unit respectively. The real-time tracking of the sun is realized in combination with the parameters of the photothermal sensor.

[0019] Optionally, the rotating unit includes a rotating drive motor and a turntable, the output shaft of the rotating drive motor is connected to the turntable, and the rotating drive motor is connected to a controller; the controller controls the rotating drive motor to operate based on the monitoring result of the photothermal sensor to drive the turntable to rotate.

[0020] Optionally, the angle adjustment unit includes a rotating shaft and an angle drive motor horizontally mounted on a base, wherein an output shaft of the angle drive motor is connected to the rotating shaft; the angle drive motor is connected to a controller, and the controller controls the operation of the angle drive motor based on the monitoring results of the photothermal sensor to drive the rotating shaft to rotate.

[0021] Optionally, a water flow rate control module is provided in the inner glass tube, and the water flow rate control module is connected to a controller. The controller controls the operation of the water flow rate control module according to the temperature monitored by the temperature sensor probe to adjust the water flow rate in the inner glass tube, thereby controlling the temperature of the photocatalytic reaction.

[0022] Optionally, the external power supply has a current intensity adjustment module, which is connected to the controller and the external power supply respectively; the magnetic field intensity is regulated by adjusting the current in the conductor coil;

[0023] A hydrogen flow meter is provided at the gas outlet of the separation module for monitoring the flow of hydrogen, and the hydrogen flow meter is connected to the controller;

[0024] The controller controls the current intensity adjustment module to work according to the result monitored by the hydrogen flow meter, so as to adjust the current intensity of the external power supply, thereby controlling the Helmholtz coil to generate a corresponding magnetic field intensity.

[0025] Optionally, the Fresnel lens is in a strip shape. The present invention greatly improves the light collection efficiency of sunlight through the Fresnel lens, ensuring the maximum effective utilization of light energy.

[0026] Optionally, the axis of the Fresnel lens is parallel to the axis of the double-layer vacuum glass tube, and when the width L of the Fresnel lens, the focal length f, the vertical distance H from the center of the lens to the center of the double-layer vacuum glass tube, and the radius R of the inner glass tube satisfy When the light that is incident on the Fresnel lens is 1.5mm, the light that is incident on the inner vacuum glass tube can all be incident on the inner vacuum glass tube. That is, the height H can be set according to the actual size of the Fresnel lens and the double-layer vacuum glass tube to achieve this.

[0027] In a second aspect, an external field intelligent control photocatalytic hydrogen production integrated system described in the present invention includes at least two external field intelligent control photocatalytic hydrogen production integrated devices as described in the present invention.

[0028] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0029] (1) The present invention adopts a double-layer vacuum glass tube design, which effectively constructs an efficient heat insulation barrier, significantly reduces external heat exchange, and ensures the rapid increase and stable maintenance of the water temperature in the inner glass tube. Combined with the focusing effect of the Fresnel lens, sunlight is precisely focused on the reaction zone in the inner glass tube, significantly improving the capture and conversion efficiency of light energy, accelerating the rise of water temperature, and at the same time, with the help of the water flow speed control mechanism, the reaction temperature can be flexibly adjusted to ensure that the photocatalytic reaction operates within the optimal temperature range and maximize the hydrogen production efficiency.

[0030] (2) The double-layer vacuum glass tube in the device of the present invention not only has excellent thermal insulation performance, but its inner glass tube is also connected to an external water source and an efficient hydrogen separation module. The module integrates an advanced hydrogen separation membrane and an outlet design, which can accurately separate and collect the hydrogen produced by the reaction, thereby improving the overall hydrogen production efficiency and purity.

[0031] (3) Faced with complex and changeable geographical and climatic conditions, the present invention effectively resists interference from the external environment through vacuum insulation and water bath insulation technology, ensuring that the photocatalytic hydrogen production reaction is carried out at a constant temperature. Even in extreme weather conditions such as ice and snow, the performance of the photocatalyst can be protected, ensuring that the device can operate stably anywhere in the world.

[0032] (4) The device of the present invention is also equipped with an advanced light and temperature sensor system. The light sensor probe is located at the top of the outer glass tube to monitor the light intensity in real time and provide accurate light data for the photocatalytic reaction; the temperature sensor is installed inside the inner glass tube to accurately measure the reaction temperature and provide a reliable basis for the temperature control strategy.

[0033] (5) The Helmholtz coil is introduced to control the magnetic field. The present invention significantly enhances the separation efficiency of photogenerated electrons and holes and improves the kinetic performance of the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction. By adjusting the current of the external power supply, the magnetic field strength can be flexibly controlled, further optimizing the hydrogen production process and achieving deep optimization of the photocatalytic reaction.

[0034] (6) By using Fresnel lenses for efficient focusing, the present invention greatly improves the efficiency of sunlight utilization, ensures that the light energy required for photocatalytic reactions is maximized, and lays a solid foundation for efficient hydrogen production.

[0035] (7) The present invention deeply integrates Fresnel photothermal technology, photocatalytic hydrogen production technology, magnetic field control strategy and intelligent technology to construct a cutting-edge and unique comprehensive solution. Through the real-time collection and analysis of key parameters by the intelligent system, the light intensity, temperature distribution and magnetic field effect are precisely controlled to achieve multi-dimensional optimization. This strategy not only significantly improves the efficiency of the photocatalytic process, but also opens up an efficient and sustainable development path for efficient photocatalytic water splitting to produce hydrogen under solar energy drive, and provides innovative ideas and practical examples for hydrogen energy production in the field of renewable energy technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the external field intelligent control photocatalytic hydrogen production integrated device described in the embodiments of this application;

[0037] Figure 2 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the external field intelligent control photocatalytic hydrogen production integrated device described in the embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a principle block diagram of the external field intelligent control photocatalytic hydrogen production integrated device described in the embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 4 A diagram showing the arrangement position relationship between the Fresnel lens and the double-layer vacuum glass tube in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] In the figure: 1-Fresnel lens, 2-double-layer vacuum glass tube, 3-Helmholtz coil, 4-photocatalyst, 5-adjustment bracket, 6-outer glass tube, 7-inner glass tube, 8-vacuum layer, 9-fixed bracket, 10-turntable, 11-rotating shaft, 12-base, 13-light sensor probe, 14-temperature sensor probe, 15-separation module, 16-hydrogen separation membrane, 17-gas outlet, 18-rotation drive motor, 19-controller, 20-angle drive motor, 21-water flow speed control module, 22-external power supply, 23-current intensity adjustment module, 24-hydrogen flow meter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following will describe the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art can understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, not for limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in the embodiment of the present application, an external field intelligent control photocatalytic hydrogen production integrated device includes a Fresnel lens 1, a double-layer vacuum glass tube 2, a Helmholtz coil 3, a photocatalyst 4 and a separation module 15. Among them, the double-layer vacuum glass tube 2 includes an outer glass tube 6, an inner glass tube 7 and a vacuum layer 8 located therebetween, the inner glass tube 7 is connected to an external water source and a separation module 15, and the separation module 15 includes a hydrogen separation membrane 16 and an outlet 17 for efficiently separating the gas generated by the reaction; that is, the device realizes effective control of the temperature of the photocatalytic reaction area by integrating the double-layer vacuum glass tube 2 and the water cycle, and ensures that the reaction is carried out stably under the optimal thermodynamic conditions. The Helmholtz coil 3 includes two conductor coils, which are symmetrically sleeved at both ends of the outer glass tube 6, and the Helmholtz coil 3 is connected to an external power supply 22; that is, the device uses the Helmholtz coil 3 to control the magnetic field to ensure that the photocatalyst 4 is in a uniform magnetic field, effectively improving the separation efficiency of photogenerated electrons and holes, thereby significantly enhancing the kinetic performance of the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction. The Fresnel lens 1 is connected to the double-layer vacuum glass tube 2 through a fixed bracket 9, and the Fresnel lens 1 is located on the upper side of the double-layer vacuum glass tube 2. The photocatalyst 4 is placed in the inner glass tube 7 and is located at the sunlight strip focused by the Fresnel lens 1. When the sunlight passes through the Fresnel lens 1, it is all gathered on the surface of the double-layer vacuum glass tube 2 to form a rectangular light spot. After passing through the double-layer vacuum glass tube 2, part of the sunlight is irradiated onto the photocatalyst 4. The photocatalyst 4 contacts the water flow and triggers a complete water splitting reaction under light. The generated hydrogen is purified and collected by the hydrogen separation membrane 16 in the separation module. The sunlight that is not irradiated to the photocatalyst 4 is absorbed by the water flow in the inner glass tube 7, thereby increasing the temperature. By integrating the double-layer vacuum glass tube 2 and the water circulation, the device realizes the effective control of the temperature of the photocatalytic reaction area, ensuring that the reaction is carried out stably under the optimal thermodynamic conditions. The device uses a Helmholtz coil 3 to control the intensity and direction of the magnetic field, and utilizes the magnetic field effect to promote the effective separation of photoexcited carriers (i.e., photogenerated electrons and holes), thereby significantly increasing the number of photogenerated carriers participating in the hydrogen evolution reaction, and further improving the efficiency of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from the aspect of magnetic field regulation.

[0043] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in a possible embodiment, an external field intelligent control photocatalytic hydrogen production integrated device also includes a sunlight tracking mechanism and a controller 19, the Fresnel lens 1 and the double-layer vacuum glass tube 2 are installed on the sunlight tracking mechanism, the controller 19 is connected to the sunlight tracking mechanism, and the sunlight tracking mechanism is used to adjust the position of the Fresnel lens 1 and the double-layer vacuum glass tube 2 to achieve real-time tracking of sunlight. The heating effect of the water flow in the inner glass tube 7 is jointly adjusted by the water flow speed and the inclination angle of the Fresnel lens 1, thereby realizing intelligent adaptive control.

[0044] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in a possible embodiment, the sunlight tracking mechanism includes a photothermal sensor, a rotation unit and an angle adjustment unit. The photothermal sensor has a light sensor probe 13 arranged above the outer glass tube 6 and a temperature sensor probe 14 arranged inside the inner glass tube 7. The rotation unit is used to drive the double-layer vacuum glass tube 2 and the Fresnel lens 1 to rotate together. The angle adjustment unit is used to drive the rotation unit, the double-layer vacuum glass tube 2 and the Fresnel lens 1 to move together to adjust the angle between the Fresnel lens 1 and the horizontal plane. The controller 19 drives the angle adjustment unit and the rotation unit to work based on the monitoring results of the photothermal sensor, and the controller 19 is connected to the photothermal sensor, the rotation unit and the angle adjustment unit respectively. Combined with the monitoring data of the photothermal sensor, real-time tracking of the change of the sun's position and intelligent and precise control of the reaction parameters are realized, which greatly improves the comprehensive solar energy conversion efficiency and operation flexibility of the device.

[0045] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in a possible embodiment, the rotating unit includes a rotating drive motor 18 and a turntable 10, the output shaft of the rotating drive motor 18 is connected to the turntable 10, and the rotating drive motor 18 is connected to the controller 19; the controller 19 controls the rotating drive motor 18 to operate based on the monitoring results of the photothermal sensor to drive the turntable 10 to rotate.

[0046] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in a possible embodiment, the angle adjustment unit includes a rotating shaft 11 and an angle drive motor 20 horizontally mounted on a base 12, and the output shaft of the angle drive motor 20 is connected to the rotating shaft 11; the angle drive motor 20 is connected to a controller 19, and the controller 19 controls the angle drive motor 20 to operate based on the monitoring results of the photothermal sensor to drive the rotating shaft 11 to rotate.

[0047] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in a possible embodiment, a water flow rate control module 21 is provided in the inner glass tube 7 (for example, a proportional valve is provided at the water inlet of the inner glass tube 7), and the water flow rate control module 21 is connected to the controller 19. The controller 19 controls the operation of the water flow rate control module 21 according to the temperature monitored by the temperature sensor probe 14 to adjust the water flow rate in the inner glass tube 7, thereby controlling the temperature of the photocatalytic reaction.

[0048] like Figure 3 As shown, in a possible embodiment, the external power supply 22 has a current intensity adjustment module 23, and the current intensity adjustment module 23 is respectively connected to the controller 19 and the external power supply 22. The magnetic field intensity is regulated by adjusting the current passing through the conductor coil.

[0049] like Figure 3As shown, in a possible embodiment, an external field intelligent control photocatalytic hydrogen production integrated device also includes a hydrogen flowmeter 24 arranged at the outlet 17 of the separation module 15, which is used to monitor the flow of hydrogen; the controller 19 controls the operation of the current intensity adjustment module 23 according to the monitoring result of the hydrogen flowmeter 24, so as to adjust the current intensity of the external power supply 22, thereby controlling the Helmholtz coil 3 to generate a corresponding magnetic field intensity.

[0050] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, in a possible embodiment, the Fresnel lens 1 is in a strip shape. The Fresnel lens 1 is parallel to the axis of the double-layer vacuum glass tube 2, and the width L, focal length f, vertical distance H from the center of the lens to the center of the double-layer glass tube 2, and radius R of the inner glass tube 7 of the Fresnel lens 1 satisfy: To ensure that the light can be gathered onto the surface of the inner vacuum glass tube 7.

[0051] The device uses a Fresnel lens 1. Compared with the parabolic focusing system, the Fresnel lens 1 is a new optical element based on the improved design of a plane lens. Not only is the manufacturing process relatively simplified, but the material cost is also significantly reduced compared to an ordinary concave lens. More importantly, the device can flexibly adjust the distance between the Fresnel lens 1 and the photocatalyst 4 by adjusting the relative distance between the Fresnel lens 1 and the double-layer vacuum glass tube 2. This design makes the focusing position of sunlight more accurate, thereby improving the efficiency of the photocatalytic reaction and the conversion and utilization rate of light energy.

[0052] Experimental studies have shown that within a suitable temperature range, as the reaction temperature increases, the photocatalytic reaction efficiency increases exponentially. The device uses the vacuum layer 8 of the double-layer vacuum glass tube 2 to isolate the inner glass tube 7 from the heat exchange with the outside world, and combines the sunlight tracking mechanism to adjust the inclination angle of the Fresnel lens 1 to control the light intensity irradiated on the inner glass tube 7 and the water flow rate in the tube, and synergistically optimizes the reaction temperature, thereby significantly improving the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution efficiency.

[0053] In summary, the device can adjust the inclination angle of the Fresnel lens 1, the water flow velocity in the inner glass tube 7 and the current passing through the Helmholtz coil 3 according to the external environment and changes in demand, and combine the parameters monitored by the photothermal sensor to achieve real-time and precise control of the temperature, light intensity and reaction efficiency of the photocatalytic reaction zone.

[0054] The following will be combined Figures 1 to 3 The principles and characteristics of this device are explained in depth.

[0055] 1. Device assembly and debugging:

[0056] 1. Preparation and installation of double-layer vacuum glass tube:

[0057] Select a double-layer vacuum glass tube 2 of appropriate specifications, evacuate the air between the inner glass tube 7 and the outer glass tube 6 to form a vacuum layer 8, and ensure that the device is in a highly sealed state to achieve efficient heat insulation. Then, one end of the inner glass tube 7 is connected to an external water source, and the other end is closely connected to the separation module 15 to form a complete water circulation path;

[0058] 2. Filling and optimization of photocatalyst:

[0059] The photocatalyst 4 is uniformly filled in the inner glass tube 7, and the filling amount is determined according to factors such as the volume of the inner glass tube 7 and the activity level of the photocatalyst 4. When filling, it is necessary to ensure that the photocatalyst 4 can fully contact with water, while retaining enough space for the effective discharge of gas during the reaction, thereby optimizing the efficiency and effect of the photocatalytic reaction.

[0060] 2. Installation and debugging of Helmholtz coil:

[0061] 1. The two conductor coils of the Helmholtz coil 3 are symmetrically sleeved on the outside of the outer glass tube 6, and the conductor coils are fixed with high-performance insulating materials to ensure good contact and reliable insulation between the conductor coils and the outer glass tube 6. Subsequently, the lead wire of the Helmholtz coil 3 is connected to the external power supply 22, and the external power supply 22 needs to have a current intensity adjustment module 23, through which the current adjustment function is realized to meet the diverse needs in the application.

[0062] 2. By changing the current of the conductor coil, use a Gauss meter to systematically measure the magnetic field strength in the photocatalyst 4 area, record the change data of the magnetic field strength under different current settings, and draw a curve of the relationship between the magnetic field strength and the current based on this, clarify the control range and accuracy of the magnetic field strength, provide a scientific and reliable reference basis for subsequent production, and ensure the optimal configuration of the magnetic field environment to maximize the efficiency and performance of the photocatalytic reaction.

[0063] 3. Installation and focusing adjustment of Fresnel lens:

[0064] 1. Install the Fresnel lens 1 on the top of the fixing bracket 9, and ensure that the axis of the Fresnel lens 1 is parallel to the axis of the double-layer vacuum glass tube 2. Then, adjust the position of the Fresnel lens 1 so that its focal length is approximately equal to the distance from the Fresnel lens 1 to the double-layer vacuum glass tube 2, so as to ensure that the sunlight can be accurately focused on the area where the photocatalyst 4 is located.

[0065] 2. Use a light source simulating sunlight to conduct a focusing test on the device indoors, adjust the position and angle of the Fresnel lens 1 so that the light source forms a clear and bright rectangular light spot on the surface of the double-layer vacuum glass tube 2 after passing through the Fresnel lens 1, and ensure that the light can be accurately focused on the area where the photocatalyst 4 is located.

[0066] 4. Assembly of the device and calibration of the photothermal sensor:

[0067] 1. Connect the upper end of the fixing bracket 9 to the bottom of the Fresnel lens 1, and connect the lower end of the fixing bracket 9 to the double-layer vacuum glass tube 2. Fix the double-layer vacuum glass tube 2 on the turntable 10, the turntable 10 and the rotating shaft 11 can rotate together, and the device is placed on the base 12 as a whole.

[0068] 2. Install the light sensor probe 13 of the photothermal sensor at the best point where it can effectively sense the position and intensity of sunlight. Under the condition of sufficient outdoor light, calibrate the light sensor probe 13, compare the output signal of the light sensor probe 13 with the actual position and intensity of sunlight, and adjust the parameters of the light sensor probe 13 to ensure that it has a high degree of perception accuracy of sunlight changes.

[0069] 5. Production operation:

[0070] Before production begins, ensure that the environmental conditions of the production site meet the requirements, including the openness of the site, lighting conditions, etc. Check whether all components of the device are working properly, including Fresnel lens 1, double-layer vacuum glass tube 2, Helmholtz coil 3, sunlight tracking mechanism, and photothermal sensor, etc. At the same time, prepare sufficient hydrogen and oxygen collection and storage equipment, such as high-pressure gas cylinders or gas storage tanks, and verify their sealing to meet the needs of large-scale production.

[0071] 6. Operation and regulation in the production process:

[0072] When the sun rises and the sunlight can shine on the device, the device is started. Based on the signal of the photothermal sensor, the sunlight tracking mechanism automatically positions to ensure that the Fresnel lens 1 accurately tracks the sun. After passing through the Fresnel lens 1, the sunlight converges on the surface of the double-layer vacuum glass tube 2, forming a rectangular light spot, which shines on the photocatalyst 4. The photocatalyst 4 contacts the water flow in the inner glass tube 7, is stimulated by the light, and begins to undergo a photocatalytic hydrolysis hydrogen production reaction. The generated hydrogen passes through the separation module 15 and is discharged from the outlet 17.

[0073] During the production process, the production conditions are dynamically controlled based on real-time monitoring parameters (light intensity, reaction temperature, hydrogen production rate, etc.):

[0074] (1) The light intensity is regulated by changing the inclination angle of the Fresnel lens 1 to adapt it to the activity changes of the photocatalyst 4 and production requirements.

[0075] (2) According to the changes in the reaction temperature of the monitored photocatalyst 4, the water flow speed is adjusted in a timely manner to speed up or slow down the rate at which the water flow carries away heat, so as to maintain the reaction area in the optimal temperature range.

[0076] (3) The hydrogen flow rate is monitored by the hydrogen flow meter 24 to reflect the changes in the hydrogen production rate and production efficiency. By changing the current of the Helmholtz coil 3 and adjusting the magnetic field strength, the photocatalytic reaction conditions are further optimized, the separation efficiency of photogenerated electrons and holes is enhanced, and the hydrogen production efficiency of the photocatalytic hydrogen production reaction is improved.

[0077] In an embodiment of the present application, an external field intelligent control photocatalytic hydrogen production integrated system includes at least two external field intelligent control photocatalytic hydrogen production integrated devices as described in the embodiment of the present application to expand the production scale.

[0078] The above-mentioned embodiments are preferred implementation modes of the present invention, but the implementation modes of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations and simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be equivalent replacement modes and shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An external field intelligent control integrated device for photocatalytic hydrogen production, characterized in that: include: Fresnel lens (1); A double-layer vacuum glass tube (2) comprises an outer glass tube (6), an inner glass tube (7) and a vacuum layer (8) located therebetween, wherein the inner glass tube (7) is connected to an external water source; The Helmholtz coil (3) comprises two conductor coils, which are symmetrically sleeved on both ends of the outer glass tube (6) and are connected to an external power source (22); A photocatalyst (4) is placed in the inner glass tube (7) and is located at the strip of sunlight focused by the Fresnel lens (1); A separation module (15) comprising a hydrogen separation membrane (16) and a gas outlet (17), wherein the hydrogen separation membrane (16) is connected to the inner glass tube (7) and is used to efficiently separate the gas generated by the reaction; The Fresnel lens (1) is connected to the double-layer vacuum glass tube (2) via a fixing bracket (9), and the Fresnel lens (1) is located on the upper side of the double-layer vacuum glass tube (2); and the Helmholtz coil (3) is used to generate a magnetic field to improve the efficiency of photogenerated charge separation during a photocatalytic reaction.

2. The external field intelligent control photocatalytic hydrogen production integrated device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a sunlight tracking mechanism and a controller (19), on which the Fresnel lens (1) and the double-layer vacuum glass tube (2) are mounted, and the controller (19) is connected to the sunlight tracking mechanism and is used to adjust the positions of the Fresnel lens (1) and the double-layer vacuum glass tube (2) to achieve real-time tracking of sunlight.

3. The external field intelligent control photocatalytic hydrogen production integrated device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The sunlight tracking mechanism comprises: A photothermal sensor comprising a photo sensor probe (13) arranged above the outer glass tube (6) and a temperature sensor probe (14) arranged inside the inner glass tube (7); A rotating unit, used for driving the double-layer vacuum glass tube (2) and the Fresnel lens (1) to perform a rotating motion together; An angle adjustment unit, used for driving the rotating unit, the double-layer vacuum glass tube (2) and the Fresnel lens (1) to move together, so as to adjust the angle between the Fresnel lens (1) and the horizontal plane; The controller (19) drives the angle adjustment unit and the rotation unit to operate based on the monitoring result of the photothermal sensor, and the controller (19) is respectively connected to the photothermal sensor, the rotation unit and the angle adjustment unit.

4. The external field intelligent control photocatalytic hydrogen production integrated device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The rotating unit comprises a rotating drive motor (18) and a turntable (10), wherein an output shaft of the rotating drive motor (18) is connected to the turntable (10), and the rotating drive motor (18) is connected to a controller (19); the controller (19) controls the rotating drive motor (18) to operate based on the monitoring result of the photothermal sensor, so as to drive the turntable (10) to rotate.

5. The external field intelligent control photocatalytic hydrogen production integrated device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The angle adjustment unit comprises a rotating shaft (11) and an angle drive motor (20) mounted horizontally on a base (12), wherein an output shaft of the angle drive motor (20) is connected to the rotating shaft (11); the angle drive motor (20) is connected to a controller (19), and the controller (19) controls the angle drive motor (20) to operate based on a monitoring result of the photothermal sensor, so as to drive the rotating shaft (11) to rotate.

6. The external field intelligent control photocatalytic hydrogen production integrated device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A water flow rate control module (21) is provided in the inner glass tube (7), and the water flow rate control module (21) is connected to a controller (19). The controller (19) controls the operation of the water flow rate control module (21) according to the temperature monitored by the temperature sensor probe (14), so as to adjust the water flow rate in the inner glass tube (7).

7. The external field intelligent control photocatalytic hydrogen production integrated device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The external power supply (22) has a current intensity adjustment module (23), and the current intensity adjustment module (23) is connected to the controller (19) and the external power supply (22) respectively; A hydrogen flow meter (24) is provided at the gas outlet (17) of the separation module (15) for monitoring the flow of hydrogen, and the hydrogen flow meter (24) is connected to the controller (19); The controller (19) controls the operation of the current intensity adjustment module (23) according to the monitoring result of the hydrogen flow meter (24), so as to adjust the current intensity of the external power source (22).

8. The external field intelligent control photocatalytic hydrogen production integrated device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The Fresnel lens (1) is in a strip shape.

9. The external field intelligent control photocatalytic hydrogen production integrated device according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The axis of the Fresnel lens (1) is parallel to the axis of the double-layer vacuum glass tube (2), and when the width L of the Fresnel lens (1), the focal length f, the vertical distance H from the center of the lens to the center of the double-layer vacuum glass tube (2), and the radius R of the inner glass tube (7) satisfy When the light rays incident normally on the Fresnel lens (1) are all incident on the inner glass tube (7).

10. An external field intelligent control photocatalytic hydrogen production integrated system, characterized in that: The device comprises at least two external field intelligent control photocatalytic hydrogen production integrated devices as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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