Mushroom fiber and green preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a mushroom fiber and a green preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of fiber preparation. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, removing soluble polysaccharide and glycoprotein in mushrooms through water bath pretreatment and alkali bath pretreatment; dehydrating the pre-treated mushroom material, and fully dissolving the dehydrated mushroom material in a selected dispersant to obtain a mushroom spinning solution with the mass fraction of 0.5-35%; extruding the mushroom spinning solution from a spinneret plate through a metering pump into a coagulating bath for curing, drafting and forming, and enabling primarily formed mushroom fiber filaments to enter a replacement bath for multiple times for solvent replacement and further drafting and forming; and finally, the prepared mushroom fiber filaments are subjected to heat setting to remove moisture, and the continuous and uniform mushroom filament fibers with the diameter being 10-500 microns are obtained. The mushroom filament fiber is excellent in spinnability and biocompatibility, soft and high in strength, and can be applied to the fields of clothing textiles, medical textiles, industrial textiles, intelligent textiles and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fiber preparation, and in particular to mushroom fiber and a green preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Mushrooms are the most widely cultivated, high-yield, and highly consumed edible fungi in the world. They are easy to obtain and bio-friendly. my country's mushroom production is high and continues to grow. In order to increase the added value of mushrooms, the use of spinning processing technology to prepare mushroom regenerated fibers has great economic significance and social benefits.

[0003] The patent with publication number JPWO2023090387A1 discloses a mushroom slice and a method for manufacturing the same. The production method of the mushroom slice includes alkali treatment, fiber extraction and drying steps. Specifically, the fruiting body is first treated with a low-concentration alkaline aqueous solution with a pH of 12.2, and then the wet mushroom fiber is extracted. Finally, the wet mushroom fiber extracted in the fiber extraction step is dried into a sheet. In the prior art, no method for preparing mushroom fiber has been disclosed.

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to design a mushroom fiber and its green preparation method and application to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides a mushroom fiber and its green preparation method and application. The preparation method firstly dissolves the mushroom fiber treated with deionized water and alkaline solution uniformly in a dispersant solution to obtain a mushroom spinning solution with a mass fraction of 0.5% to 35%, and then adjusts the spinning process parameters to prepare continuous and uniform mushroom filament fibers with a diameter of 10-500um. The mushroom filament fibers prepared by the present invention have excellent spinnability, soft fibers, high strength, and biocompatibility, and can be used in the fields of clothing textiles, medical textiles, industrial textiles, and smart textiles.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a green method for preparing mushroom fiber, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1, treating the dried and dehydrated mushroom raw material in a water bath for 0.3-6 hours and then in an alkaline bath for 0.5-8 hours to remove soluble polysaccharides and glycoproteins in the mushroom, then crushing, stirring, centrifuging and precipitating, freeze-drying the precipitate at -20 to -80°C or drying at 40 to 100°C for 24 to 48 hours to obtain a mushroom spinning raw material;

[0008] S2, fully dissolving the mushroom spinning raw material obtained in step S1 in a dispersant at a temperature of 85° C. to 130° C. and a rotation speed of 100 rpm to 2000 rpm to obtain a mushroom spinning solution with a mass fraction of 0.5% to 35%;

[0009] The dispersant is an ionic liquid, or a mixed solvent consisting of an ionic liquid and a co-solvent;

[0010] The ionic liquid is one or more of tris(2-hydroxyethyl)methylammonium acetate, tris(2-hydroxyethyl)methylammonium methanesulfonate, tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, 1,3-dibutylimidazolium acetate, 1,3-dimethylimidazolium acetate, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 2-allyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([AMIM]Br), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([BMIM]Br), and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium methyl sulfate ([EMIM]Ms);

[0011] The co-solvent is one or more of dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, ethylenediamine, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, and hexamethylphosphoric triamide;

[0012] S3, extruding the mushroom spinning solution obtained in step S2 from the spinneret into a coagulation bath through a metering pump for solidification and stretching, and then placing the preliminarily formed mushroom fiber filaments into a displacement bath for multiple times for solvent displacement and further stretching; heat-setting the replaced mushroom fiber filaments to remove moisture, drying and rolling, so as to obtain continuous and uniform mushroom filament fibers with a diameter of 10 to 500 μm.

[0013] Further, in step S2, the dispersant is a mixed solvent composed of an ionic liquid and a co-solvent; the ionic liquid is one of tris(2-hydroxyethyl)methylammonium acetate ([THEMA][OAc]) and tris(2-hydroxyethyl)methylammonium methanesulfonate ([THEMA][MeSO3]), and the co-solvent is ethylenediamine. By adding the ionic liquid to ethylenediamine (EDA), the additional EDA enhances the hydrogen bonding ability of the IL / EDA mixture and weakens the interchain hydrogen bonding of chitin.

[0014] Alternatively, the ionic liquid is one of tetrabutylammonium hydroxide ([TBA][OH]), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([C4MIM][OAC]), 1,3-dibutylimidazolium acetate ([C4C1IM][OAc]), 1,3-dimethylimidazolium acetate ([C1MIM][OAc]), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([EMIM][OAc]), 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([AMIM]Cl), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([BMIM]Cl), and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([EMIM]Cl); and the co-solvent is one of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dimethylformamide (DMF), N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc), 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone (DMI), and hexamethylphosphoric triamide (HMPA).

[0015] Furthermore, in step S3, the spinneret of the spinneret has a shape of one or more of circular, hollow, triangular, trilobal, polygonal, multilobal, square, pentagonal, Y-shaped double cross, and flat.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S3, the coagulation bath is one or more of deionized water, alcohol, alkaline solution, and metal salt solution; the coagulation bath temperature is 20°C to 150°C; the coagulation bath time is 15min to 2h; and the coagulation draft ratio is 10% to 300%.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S3, the displacement bath is one or more of deionized water, alcohol, alkaline solution, and metal salt solution.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S3, the displacement bath temperature is 20°C to 150°C; the displacement draft ratio is 10% to 300%; and the displacement bath time is 5 min to 2 h.

[0019] Furthermore, in step S3, the number of replacements is 2 to 5 times.

[0020] Furthermore, in step S1, during the alkaline bath treatment, the alkaline solution is one or more of lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, and sodium bicarbonate, and the molar concentration of the alkaline solution is 0.05 to 5 mol / L.

[0021] In a second aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a mushroom fiber, which is prepared by any of the above technical solutions. The maximum breaking strength of the mushroom fiber can reach 34 MPa, and the maximum elongation can reach 27%.

[0022] The mushroom filament fiber has excellent spinnability, is soft, has high strength, and is biocompatible, and can be used in the fields of clothing textiles, medical textiles, and industrial textiles.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] (1) The green preparation method of mushroom fiber provided in the present application first removes soluble polysaccharides and glycoproteins in mushrooms through water bath pretreatment and alkaline bath pretreatment, then freeze-dries the mushroom raw materials at -20 to -80°C or drys them at 40 to 100°C, then fully dissolves the treated mushroom raw materials in a selected dispersant to obtain a mushroom spinning solution with a mass fraction of 0.5% to 35%, then extrude the mushroom spinning solution from a spinneret into a coagulation bath through a metering pump for solidification and stretching, then puts the initially formed mushroom fiber filaments into a displacement bath for multiple solvent displacement and further stretching; heat sets the replaced mushroom fiber filaments to remove moisture, and obtains continuous and uniform mushroom filament fibers with a diameter of 10 to 500 μm.

[0025] (2) The maximum breaking strength of the mushroom fiber produced in the present application can reach 34 MPa, and the maximum elongation can reach 27%.

[0026] The mushroom filament fiber has excellent spinnability, is soft, has high strength, and is biocompatible, and can be used in the fields of clothing textiles, medical textiles, and industrial textiles.

[0027] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings used in the present application. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a physical picture of the mushroom fiber prepared in Examples 1-3.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a physical picture of the mushroom fiber prepared in Example 1 in a wound state.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a microscopic morphology of the mushroom fiber prepared in Example 1.

[0032] Figure 4 This is the stress-strain curve of the mushroom fiber prepared in Example 1.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a physical picture of the mushroom spinning solution obtained in Comparative Examples 1-3.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a physical picture of the mushroom spinning solution in Example 5-6.

[0035] Figure 7 This is a microscopic morphology of the mushroom fiber prepared in Example 5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present application are described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, and are therefore only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0037] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by technicians in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0038] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0039] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0040] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0041] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "multiple" refers to more than two (including two). Similarly, "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).

[0042] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0043] In the prior art, there is no disclosed method for preparing mushroom fiber.

[0044] The present application embodiment provides a green preparation method of mushroom fiber, comprising the following steps:

[0045] S1, treating the dried and dehydrated mushroom raw material in a water bath for 0.3-6 hours and then in an alkaline bath for 0.5-8 hours to remove soluble polysaccharides and glycoproteins in the mushroom, then crushing, stirring, centrifuging and precipitating, freeze-drying the precipitate at -20 to -80°C or drying at 40 to 100°C for 24 to 48 hours to obtain a mushroom spinning raw material;

[0046] The water bath temperature is 40°C to 100°C and the alkali bath temperature is 25°C to 100°C.

[0047] During centrifugal sedimentation, the centrifugal speed is 6000rpm to 20000rpm, and the centrifugal time is 10min to 35min.

[0048] During the alkaline bath treatment, the alkaline solution is one or more of lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, and sodium bicarbonate.

[0049] The molar concentration of the alkaline solution is 0.05 to 5 mol / L.

[0050] S2, fully dissolving the mushroom spinning raw material obtained in step S1 in a dispersant at a temperature of 85° C. to 130° C. and a rotation speed of 100 rpm to 2000 rpm to obtain a mushroom spinning solution with a mass fraction of 0.5% to 35%;

[0051] The dispersant is an ionic liquid, or a mixed solvent consisting of an ionic liquid and a co-solvent.

[0052] The ionic liquid is one or more of tris(2-hydroxyethyl)methylammonium acetate, tris(2-hydroxyethyl)methylammonium methanesulfonate, tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, 1,3-dibutylimidazolium acetate, 1,3-dimethylimidazolium acetate, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 2-allyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([AMIM]Br), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([BMIM]Br), and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium methyl sulfate ([EMIM]Ms).

[0053] When the dispersant is a mixed solvent consisting of an ionic liquid and a co-solvent, the ionic liquid is one of tris(2-hydroxyethyl)methylammonium acetate ([THEMA][OAc]) and tris(2-hydroxyethyl)methylammonium methanesulfonate ([THEMA][MeSO3]), and the co-solvent is ethylenediamine. By adding the ionic liquid to ethylenediamine (EDA), the additional EDA enhances the hydrogen bonding ability of the IL / EDA mixture and weakens the interchain hydrogen bonds of chitin.

[0054] Alternatively, the ionic liquid is one of tetrabutylammonium hydroxide ([TBA][OH]), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([C4MIM][OAC]), 1,3-dibutylimidazolium acetate ([C4C1IM][OAc]), 1,3-dimethylimidazolium acetate ([C1MIM][OAc]), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([EMIM][OAc]), 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([AMIM]Cl), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([BMIM]Cl), and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([EMIM]Cl). The cosolvent is one of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dimethylformamide (DMF), N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc), 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone (DMI), and hexamethylphosphoric triamide (HMPA).

[0055] S3, extruding the mushroom spinning solution obtained in step S2 from the spinneret into a coagulation bath through a metering pump for solidification and stretching, and then placing the preliminarily formed mushroom fiber filaments into a displacement bath for multiple times for solvent displacement and further stretching; heat-setting the replaced mushroom fiber filaments to remove moisture, drying and rolling, so as to obtain continuous and uniform mushroom filament fibers with a diameter of 10 to 500 μm.

[0056] The spinneret of the spinneret is circular, hollow or irregular in shape. The irregular shape may be one or more of a triangle, a trilobal, a polygon, a multilobal, a square, a pentagon, a Y-shaped double cross, and a flat shape. In this way, mushroom fibers with fiber cross sections of different shapes can be prepared.

[0057] The coagulation bath is one or more of deionized water, alcohol, alkaline solution, and metal salt solution.

[0058] The coagulation bath temperature is 20°C to 150°C; the coagulation bath time is 15min to 2h; and the coagulation draft ratio is 10% to 300%.

[0059] The displacement bath is one or more of deionized water, alcohol, alkaline solution, and metal salt solution.

[0060] The displacement bath temperature is 20°C to 150°C; the displacement draft ratio is 10% to 300%; the displacement bath time is 5min to 2h; and the number of displacements is 2 to 5 times.

[0061] In the second aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a mushroom fiber prepared by the above-mentioned technical solution. The maximum breaking strength of the mushroom fiber can reach 34MPa, and the maximum elongation can reach 27%. The mushroom filament fiber has excellent spinnability, soft fiber, high strength, and biocompatibility, and can be used in the fields of clothing textiles, medical textiles, industrial textiles, smart textiles, etc.

[0062] Some specific embodiments are listed below. It should be noted that the embodiments described below are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application. If specific techniques or conditions are not specified in the embodiments, the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this area or the product specifications are used. The reagents or instruments used without specifying the manufacturer are all conventional products that can be obtained commercially.

[0063] 1. Preparation method

[0064] Example 1

[0065] This embodiment provides a green preparation method of mushroom fiber, comprising the following steps:

[0066] S1, treating the dried and dehydrated mushroom raw material in a water bath for 4 hours at a water bath temperature of 90-100° C., then treating it in an alkaline bath in a sodium hydroxide solution with a molar concentration of 2 mol / L for 4 hours at a alkaline bath temperature of 90-100° C., then crushing, stirring, centrifuging (10000 rpm, 20 min), and freeze-drying the precipitate at -80° C. for 48 hours to obtain a mushroom spinning raw material;

[0067] S2, weigh 0.5g of the mushroom spinning raw material obtained in step S1, add it to a 25ml reagent bottle equipped with a magnet, then add 7.12ml of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole acetate solution (dispersant) with a density of 1.1g / ml into the reagent bottle, and then place the reagent bottle on a heated stirring table heated to 110°C for magnetic stirring for 25h. The magnetic stirring speed is 1000rpm. The mushroom spinning raw material is fully dissolved in the dispersant to obtain a mushroom fiber solution with a mass fraction of 6%.

[0068] S3, the mushroom spinning solution obtained in step S2 is extruded from the spinneret through a metering pump into a coagulation bath (deionized water, 100°C, 45min) for curing and stretching, with a coagulation and stretching ratio of 200%, and then the preliminarily formed mushroom fiber filaments are placed in a displacement bath (deionized water, 100°C, 50min) for ion exchange and stretching 4 times, with a displacement and stretching ratio of 200%; the mushroom fiber filaments after displacement are dehydrated, dried and rolled up, so as to obtain continuous and uniform mushroom filament fibers, as shown in the actual figure. Figure 1 shown.

[0069] Figure 2 This is a physical picture of the mushroom fiber prepared in Example 1 in a wound state.

[0070] Figure 3 This is a morphological picture of the mushroom fiber prepared in Example 1 at a magnification of 250 times, and the fiber diameter is 218 μm.

[0071] Figure 4 This is a stress-strain curve of the mushroom fiber obtained in Example 1. It can be seen that the maximum breaking strength of the mushroom fiber can reach 34.0831 MPa, and the maximum elongation can reach 26.791%.

[0072] Comparative Examples 1-3

[0073] Compared with Example 1, the main difference between Comparative Examples 1-3 is that in step S2, different solvents are used to prepare the mushroom solution, specifically:

[0074] In Comparative Example 1, the dispersant 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole acetate solution was replaced with water, and the reagent bottle was placed on a heated stirring table heated to 60° C. and magnetically stirred for 24 hours at a magnetic stirring speed of 1000 rpm to obtain a mushroom fiber solution with a mass fraction of 6%.

[0075] In Comparative Example 2, the dispersant 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole acetate solution was replaced with 1 mol / L hydrochloric acid, and magnetic stirring was performed for 24 hours without heating. The magnetic stirring speed was 1000 rpm to obtain a mushroom fiber solution with a mass fraction of 6%.

[0076] In Comparative Example 3, the dispersant 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole acetate solution was replaced with 1 mol / L hydrochloric acid, and the reagent bottle was placed on a heated stirring table heated to 60°C for magnetic stirring for 24 hours at a magnetic stirring speed of 1000 rpm to obtain a mushroom fiber solution with a mass fraction of 6%.

[0077] Figure 5 The actual pictures of the mushroom spinning solutions obtained in Comparative Examples 1-3 are from left to right corresponding to Comparative Examples 1 to 3. It can be seen that the samples in Comparative Examples 1-3 are not fully dissolved. When the mushroom fiber solutions obtained in Comparative Examples 1-3 are used for spinning, it is found that the fibers cannot be formed and mushroom fibers cannot be obtained.

[0078] Examples 2-7 and Comparative Example 4

[0079] Examples 2-7 and Comparative Example 4 provide a green preparation method for mushroom fiber, which is different from Example 1 in that the mass fraction of the mushroom fiber solution in step S2 is changed, as shown in the following table. The rest is roughly the same as Example 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0080]

[0081] Experiments show that Examples 2-7 can all successfully prepare mushroom fibers.

[0082] The actual picture of the mushroom fiber obtained in Example 2-3 is as follows Figure 2 As shown, from top to bottom they correspond to Example 2, Example 1, and Example 3.

[0083] Figure 6 The actual pictures of the mushroom spinning solution in Example 5-6. Specifically, from left to right, they are the actual pictures of the mushroom spinning solution before heating and stirring when the mass fraction of mushroom fiber is 2%; the actual pictures after heating and stirring for 25 hours; and the actual pictures of the mushroom spinning solution after heating and stirring for 26 hours when the mass fraction is 3%.

[0084] Figure 7 This is a microscopic morphology of the mushroom fiber prepared in Example 5. It can be seen that compared with Example 1, the fiber surface has less granularity and is smoother, indicating that the 2% mushroom spinning solution is more evenly dispersed.

[0085] When the mass fraction of mushroom fiber solution is in the range of 0.5% to 35%, with the increase of mass fraction, the solute mass of mushroom spinning solution increases continuously, the dispersion uniformity of mushroom spinning solution increases slowly at first and then decreases, and the strength of mushroom fiber increases gradually at first and then decreases continuously.

[0086] When the mass fraction of the mushroom fiber solution is lower than 0.5%, the fiber has poor formability and poor mechanical properties. When the mass fraction of the mushroom fiber solution is 50% or higher than 35%, the fiber is difficult to fully dissolve in the dispersant and cannot be spun.

[0087] Experiments show that the dispersant can also be other ionic liquids, such as the use of tris (2-hydroxyethyl) methylammonium acetate, tris (2-hydroxyethyl) methylammonium methanesulfonate, tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole acetate, 1,3-dibutylimidazole acetate, 1,3-dimethylimidazole acetate, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole acetate, 1-allyl-3-methylimidazole chloride, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole chloride, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride, 2-allyl-3-methylimidazole bromide, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole bromide, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole methyl sulfate, and one or more of these can achieve the preparation of mushroom fiber.

[0088] The dispersant may also be a mixed solvent consisting of an ionic liquid and a co-solvent.

[0089] Specifically, the ionic liquid is one of tris(2-hydroxyethyl)methylammonium acetate and tris(2-hydroxyethyl)methylammonium methanesulfonate, and the co-solvent is ethylenediamine.

[0090] Alternatively, the ionic liquid is one of tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, 1,3-dibutylimidazolium acetate, 1,3-dimethylimidazolium acetate, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride.

[0091] The co-solvent is one of dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone and hexamethylphosphoric triamide.

[0092] It should be noted that the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. The above-mentioned embodiments are only examples, and the embodiments having the same structure as the technical idea and the same effect as the technical solution of the present application are all included in the technical scope of the present application. In addition, without departing from the scope of the main purpose of the present application, various modifications that can be thought of by those skilled in the art to the embodiments and other methods of combining some of the constituent elements in the embodiments are also included in the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A green preparation method of mushroom fiber, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, treating the dried and dehydrated mushroom raw material in a water bath for 0.3-6 hours and then in an alkaline bath for 0.5-8 hours to remove soluble polysaccharides and glycoproteins in the mushroom, then crushing, stirring, centrifuging and precipitating, freeze-drying the precipitate at -20 to -80°C or drying at 40 to 100°C for 24 to 48 hours to obtain a mushroom spinning raw material; S2, fully dissolving the mushroom spinning raw material obtained in step S1 in a dispersant at a temperature of 85° C. to 130° C. and a rotation speed of 100 rpm to 2000 rpm to obtain a mushroom spinning solution with a mass fraction of 0.5% to 35%; The dispersant is an ionic liquid, or a mixed solvent consisting of an ionic liquid and a co-solvent; The ionic liquid is one or more of tris(2-hydroxyethyl)methylammonium acetate, tris(2-hydroxyethyl)methylammonium methanesulfonate, tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole acetate, 1,3-dibutylimidazole acetate, 1,3-dimethylimidazole acetate, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole acetate, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole acetate, 1-allyl-3-methylimidazole chloride, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole chloride, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride, 2-allyl-3-methylimidazole bromide, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole bromide, and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole methyl sulfate; The co-solvent is one or more of dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, ethylenediamine, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, and hexamethylphosphoric triamide; S3, extruding the mushroom spinning solution obtained in step S2 from the spinneret into a coagulation bath through a metering pump for solidification and stretching, and then placing the preliminarily formed mushroom fiber filaments into a displacement bath for multiple times for solvent displacement and further stretching; heat-setting the replaced mushroom fiber filaments to remove moisture, drying and rolling, so as to obtain continuous and uniform mushroom filament fibers with a diameter of 10 to 500 μm.

2. The green preparation method of mushroom fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the dispersant is a mixed solvent composed of an ionic liquid and a co-solvent; the ionic liquid is one of tris(2-hydroxyethyl)methylammonium acetate and tris(2-hydroxyethyl)methylammonium methanesulfonate, and the co-solvent is ethylenediamine; Alternatively, the ionic liquid is one of tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, 1,3-dibutylimidazolium acetate, 1,3-dimethylimidazolium acetate, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate, 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride; the co-solvent is one of dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, and hexamethylphosphoric triamide.

3. The green preparation method of mushroom fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the coagulation bath is one or more of deionized water, alcohol, alkaline solution, and metal salt solution; the coagulation bath temperature is 20°C to 150°C; the coagulation bath time is 15min to 2h; and the coagulation draft ratio is 10% to 300%.

4. The green preparation method of mushroom fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the spinneret of the spinneret is in one or more of the following shapes: circular, hollow, triangular, trilobal, polygonal, multilobal, square, pentagonal, Y-shaped double cross, and flat.

5. The green preparation method of mushroom fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the displacement bath is one or more of deionized water, alcohol, alkaline solution, and metal salt solution.

6. The green preparation method of mushroom fiber according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S3, the displacement bath temperature is 20°C to 150°C; the displacement draft ratio is 10% to 300%; and the displacement bath time is 5 minutes to 2 hours.

7. The green preparation method of mushroom fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the number of replacements is 2 to 5 times.

8. The green preparation method of mushroom fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, during the alkaline bath treatment, the alkaline solution is one or more of lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, and sodium bicarbonate, and the molar concentration of the alkaline solution is 0.05-5 mol / L.

9. A mushroom fiber, characterized in that: The invention is prepared by the green preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. An application of mushroom fiber, characterized in that: The mushroom fiber is prepared by the green preparation method described in any one of claims 1 to 8 or the mushroom fiber described in claim 9; the mushroom fiber is used for clothing textiles, medical textiles, industrial textiles and smart textiles.

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