Application of paecilomyces cicadae in prevention and treatment of phenacoccus solenopsis and fungicide

Abstract

The invention provides an application of paecilomyces cicadae in prevention and treatment of phenacoccus solenopsis and a fungicide. The corrected fatality rate of a spore suspension of the paecilomyces cicadae independently used on the phenacoccus solenopsis is 64.04-76.40%, and the influence of the phenacoccus solenopsis on crops is effectively prevented and treated; after the paecilomyces cicadae is combined with a pesticide, the paecilomyces cicadae has synergistic, additive or antagonistic effects on prevention and treatment of the phenacoccus solenopsis, and can improve the insecticidal ability of insecticidal fungi, reduce the dosage of the pesticide, realize the effects of biological control and plant growth promotion, and improve the yield and quality of crops.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of microbial preparations, and in particular to an application of Paecilomyces cicadae in preventing and controlling Phenacoccus hibiscus and a microbial agent. Background Art

[0002] Phenacoccus solenopsis, also known as cotton mealybug, belongs to the order Hemiptera and the family Phenacoccidae. It is native to North America and was first collected and discovered on hibiscus in Guangzhou, my country in June 2008. Phenacoccus solenopsis sucks plant sap through its piercing-sucking mouthparts, secretes honeydew, and induces plant sooty mold disease, which seriously threatens the safe production of field crops, ornamental plants, fruit trees, vegetables and other economic crops. It is listed as a quarantine pest in agriculture and forestry in my country. Phenacoccus solenopsis has the characteristics of large reproduction, serious generation overlap, wax layer, and strong stress resistance, which makes it difficult to control.

[0003] Excessive application of chemical agents can easily lead to strong resistance of Psoralea hibiscus, and also cause many problems such as pesticide residues and environmental pollution. The use of insecticidal fungi alone has a certain control effect on Psoralea hibiscus, but the control effect is very limited. For example, Beauveria bassiana is most pathogenic to the 1st and 2nd instar nymphs of Psoralea hibiscus, followed by the 3rd instar nymphs, but has no significant effect on the reproductive capacity of female adults.

[0004] Therefore, it is very important to combine insecticidal fungi with other biogenic pesticides or chemical pesticides with complementary insecticidal mechanisms to develop green drugs suitable for Phenacoccus hibiscus. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art mentioned above, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an application of Paecilomyces cicadae in the prevention and control of hibiscus mealybugs and a bacterial agent, which is used to solve the problems in the existing hibiscus mealybug control technology that excessive application of chemical agents can easily cause strong drug resistance of hibiscus mealybugs, resulting in pesticide residues and environmental pollution, and the use of insecticidal fungi alone has limited control effect on hibiscus mealybugs and has no significant effect on the reproductive capacity of female adults.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives and other related objectives, the present invention is obtained by including the following technical solutions.

[0007] The invention provides an application of Paecilomyces cicadae in preventing and controlling Phenacoccus hibiscus.

[0008] Preferably, the hibiscus powdery mildew is controlled by using Paecilomyces cicadae in combination with pesticides.

[0009] Preferably, the pesticide is selected from one of matrine, azadirachtin, nitenpyram and dinotefuran.

[0010] Preferably, the Paecilomyces cicadae is used in combination with pesticides in the form of a spore suspension to control Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley.

[0011] The present invention also provides a microbial agent, which at least contains a spore suspension of Paecilomyces cicadae.

[0012] Preferably, the microbial agent also contains pesticides.

[0013] Preferably, the pesticide is selected from one of matrine, azadirachtin, nitenpyram, and dinotefuran.

[0014] Preferably, by weight, the microbial agent comprises the following components: 6 - 10 parts of a spore suspension of Paecilomyces cicadae and 1 part of a pesticide.

[0015] Preferably, the pesticide is a 20wt% dinotefuran suspension concentrate.

[0016] The present invention also provides an application of the above - mentioned microbial agent in controlling Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley.

[0017] As described above, the application of Paecilomyces cicadae of the present invention in controlling Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley and the microbial agent have the following beneficial effects: (1) When using the spore suspension of Paecilomyces cicadae alone, the corrected mortality rate of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley is 64.04 - 76.40%, which can effectively control the impact of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley on crops; (2) After Paecilomyces cicadae is used in combination with pesticides, it has a synergistic, additive or antagonistic effect on controlling Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley, can improve the insecticidal ability of entomogenous fungi, reduce the dosage of pesticides, achieve biological pest control, promote the growth of plants, and improve the yield and quality of crops. Specific Embodiments

[0018] The following specific examples illustrate the embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0019] Before further describing the specific embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments; it should also be understood that the terms used in the embodiments of the present invention are for describing specific embodiments, rather than for limiting the protection scope of the present invention; in the specification and claims of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly indicated in the text, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" include the plural forms.

[0020] When numerical ranges are given in the embodiments, it should be understood that, unless otherwise specified in the present invention, both endpoints of each numerical range and any value therebetween can be selected. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art of this technology. In addition to the specific methods, equipment, and materials used in the embodiments, any methods, equipment, and materials of the prior art similar to or equivalent to those described in the embodiments of the present invention can also be used to implement the present invention according to the knowledge of those skilled in the art of this technology and the description of the present invention.

[0021] Test strains: Paecilomyces cicadae APC-20 (from Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, which has been disclosed in CN102242070A); Test insect sources: collected in the wild, and the experimental populations were cultured in the artificial climate chamber of the Institute of Forest Protection, Zhejiang Academy of Forestry Sciences.

[0022] The information of the pesticides used in the following embodiments of this application is shown in Table 1: Table 1. Information of the pesticides tested The recommended concentrations in Table 1 are consistent with the recommended concentrations in the following embodiments.

[0023] The embodiments of the present invention provide a virulence determination of the mixture of 5 pesticides and Paecilomyces cicadae against Phenacoccus solenopsis. A total of 7 treatments were set up in the experiment, which were respectively: (1) 1.0×10 6 spores / ml spore suspension; (2) Pesticide recommended concentration × 1; (3) Pesticide recommended concentration diluted × 5; (4) Pesticide recommended concentration diluted × 10; (5) 2.0×10 6 spores / ml spore suspension + pesticide recommended concentration × 0.5; (6) 2.0×10 6 spores / ml spore suspension + pesticide recommended concentration diluted × 2.5; (7) 2.0×10 6 spores / ml spore suspension + pesticide recommended concentration diluted × 5; The volume ratio of the mixture of Paecilomyces cicadae and the pesticide is 1:1, and the sterile water treatment is used as a control.

[0024] 30 Phenacoccus solenopsis were used for each treatment, with 3 replicates. The co-toxicity index (c.i) was calculated according to the following formula and used as the basis for judging the interaction between the two agents. When c.i≥20, it was determined as a synergistic effect; when c.i≤-20, it was an antagonistic effect; when -20<c.i<20, it was determined as an additive effect.

[0025] Theoretical mortality rate of the mixture (%) = 1 - (1 - Mortality rate of single agent A) × (1 - Mortality rate of single agent B) Data processing: The experimental data were statistically analyzed using Excel 2019 and SPSS 26 software.

[0026] Example 1 Control of Phenacoccus solenopsis by the mixture of Paecilomyces cicadae and azadirachtin As shown in Table 2: The actual corrected mortality rate of Phenacoccus solenopsis treated with the spore suspension of Paecilomyces cicadae alone was 73.03%. The actual corrected mortality rates of Phenacoccus solenopsis treated with azadirachtin at the recommended concentration, diluted 5 times the recommended concentration, and diluted 10 times the recommended concentration were 43.82%, 8.99%, and 6.74%, respectively. The corrected mortality rates of Phenacoccus solenopsis after mixing azadirachtin at the recommended concentration, diluted 5 times the recommended concentration, and diluted 10 times the recommended concentration with the spore suspension were 55.06%, 58.43%, and 62.92%, respectively. Judging from the co-toxicity index, the mixture of azadirachtin diluted 10× and the spore suspension showed an additive effect.

[0027] Table 2. Synergistic control effect of the mixture of Paecilomyces cicadae and azadirachtin on Phenacoccus solenopsis In Table 2: QJ: Paecilomyces cicadae (concentration 1.0×10 6 spores / ml), Y: azadirachtin; When c.i ≥ 20, it is judged as a synergistic effect, when c.i ≤ -20, it is judged as an antagonistic effect, and when -20 < c.i < 20, it is judged as an additive effect.

[0028] Example 2 Control of Phenacoccus solenopsis by the mixture of Paecilomyces cicadae and matrine As shown in Table 3: The actual corrected mortality rate of Phenacoccus solenopsis treated with the spore suspension of Paecilomyces cicadae alone was 64.04%. The actual corrected mortality rates of Phenacoccus solenopsis treated with matrine at the recommended concentration, diluted 5 times the recommended concentration, and diluted 10 times the recommended concentration were 97.75%, 17.98%, and 11.24%, respectively. The corrected mortality rates of Phenacoccus solenopsis after mixing matrine at three different concentrations with the spore suspension of Paecilomyces cicadae were 100%, 89.89%, and 75.28%, respectively. Judging from the co-toxicity index, the mixture of matrine diluted 5 times the recommended concentration and the spore suspension showed a synergistic effect, and the mixture of matrine at the recommended concentration and diluted 10 times the recommended concentration with the spore suspension showed an additive effect.

[0029] Table 3. Control effect of the mixture of Paecilomyces cicadae and matrine on Phenacoccus solenopsis In Table 3: K is matrine, and the remaining parameters are the same as those in Table 2.

[0030] Example 3 Control of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley by the mixture of Paecilomyces cicadae and sodium pimaricate As shown in Table 4, the actual corrected mortality rate of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley treated with the spore suspension of Paecilomyces cicadae alone was 64.04%. The actual corrected mortality rates of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley treated with sodium pimaricate at the recommended concentration, the recommended concentration diluted 5 times, and the recommended concentration diluted 10 times were 14.61%, 13.49%, and 16.85%, respectively. The corrected mortality rates of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley after mixing the sodium pimaricate at the recommended concentration, the recommended concentration diluted 5 times, and the recommended concentration diluted 10 times with the spores were 49.44%, 39.33%, and 37.08%, respectively. There was an antagonistic effect when the sodium pimaricate at three different concentrations was mixed with the spore suspension of Paecilomyces cicadae.

[0031] Table 4. Control effect of the mixture of Paecilomyces cicadae and sodium pimaricate on Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley In Table 4: K is sodium pimaricate, and the remaining parameters are the same as those in Table 2.

[0032] Example 4 Control of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley by the mixture of Paecilomyces cicadae and dinotefuran As shown in Table 5, the actual corrected mortality rate of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley treated with the spore suspension of Paecilomyces cicadae alone was 76.40%. The actual corrected mortality rates of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley treated with dinotefuran at the recommended concentration, the recommended concentration diluted 5 times, and the recommended concentration diluted 10 times were 34.83%, 19.10%, and 16.85%, respectively. The corrected mortality rates after mixing with the spores were 60.76%, 70.79%, and 97.75%, respectively. The LT50 values after mixing the dinotefuran diluted 10 times with the fungus were all smaller than those treated with the spore suspension alone. According to the co-toxicity index judgment, mixing the recommended concentration with the spore suspension showed an antagonistic effect, mixing the dinotefuran diluted 5 times with the spore suspension had an additive effect, and mixing the dinotefuran diluted 10 times with the spore suspension had an additive synergistic effect.

[0033] Table 5. Synergistic control effect of the mixture of Paecilomyces cicadae and dinotefuran on Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley In Table 5: F is dinotefuran, and the remaining parameters are the same as those in Table 2.

[0034] Example 5 Control of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley by the mixture of Paecilomyces cicadae and nitenpyram As shown in Table 6, the actual corrected mortality rate of Paecilomyces cicadae spore suspension alone against Phenacoccus solenopsis was 68.54%. The actual corrected mortality rates of nitenpyram at the recommended concentration, diluted 5 times the recommended concentration, and diluted 10 times the recommended concentration against Phenacoccus solenopsis were 25.84%, 16.85%, and 11.24%, respectively. After mixing nitenpyram at the recommended concentration, diluted 5 times the recommended concentration, and diluted 10 times the recommended concentration with the fungus, the corrected mortality rates against Phenacoccus solenopsis were 98.88%, 84.27%, and 77.53%, respectively, and the LT50 values were all smaller than those of the treatment with spore suspension alone. According to the co-toxicity index judgment, the mixture of nitenpyram at the recommended concentration and spore suspension had a synergistic effect, and the mixtures of nitenpyram diluted 5 times and 10 times with the fungus had an additive effect, and the co-toxicity index decreased with the decrease of the pesticide concentration.

[0035] Table 6. Synergistic control effect of Paecilomyces cicadae and nitenpyram on Phenacoccus solenopsis In Table 6: K is nitenpyram, and the other parameters are the same as those in Table 2.

[0036] In summary, different pesticides have different insecticidal effects on Phenacoccus solenopsis. The control effects of the tested pesticides on Phenacoccus solenopsis are matrine, azadirachtin, dinotefuran, nitenpyram, and sodium resinate in sequence. Among them, matrine and azadirachtin are plant-derived pesticides. Paecilomyces cicadae has a synergistic or additive effect when combined with matrine diluted 5X or 10X, and has an additive effect when combined with azadirachtin diluted 10X. Dinotefuran, nitenpyram, and sodium resinate belong to nicotinic, nicotinimide, and strong alkaline insecticides respectively. Paecilomyces cicadae has an additive effect when combined with dinotefuran diluted 5X, and has a synergistic effect when combined with dinotefuran diluted 10X, with a corrected mortality rate of 97.75%; it has a synergistic effect when combined with nitenpyram at the recommended concentration, and has an additive effect when combined with nitenpyram diluted 5X or 10X; it has an antagonistic effect with sodium resinate. Therefore, it is recommended to use 1.0×10 6 spores / ml spore suspension combined with dinotefuran diluted 10X to enhance the control function of entomogenous fungi or pesticides on Phenacoccus solenopsis and reduce the dosage of pesticides at the same time.

[0037] The above embodiments are for illustrating the implementation schemes disclosed by the present invention and should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, various modifications listed herein and changes in the methods and compositions of the invention are obvious to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. Although the present invention has been specifically described in combination with various specific preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the present invention should not be limited to these specific embodiments. In fact, all obvious modifications to those skilled in the art as described above to obtain the invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Application of Penicillium cicadae in the prevention and control of Phenacoccus hibiscus powder.

2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: Control the hibiscus powdery mildew by combining Paecilomyces cicadae with pesticides.

3. The use according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pesticide is selected from one of matrine, azadirachtin, nitenpyram and dinotefuran.

4. The use according to claim 2, characterized in that: The described Paecilomyces cicadae is used in the form of spore suspension in combination with pesticides to control Phenacoccus hibiscus.

5. A bacterial agent, characterized in that: The bacterial agent at least contains a spore suspension of Paecilomyces cicadae.

6. The bacterial agent according to claim 5, characterized in that: The microbial agent also contains pesticides.

7. The bacterial agent according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pesticide is selected from one of matrine, azadirachtin, nitenpyram and dinotefuran.

8. The bacterial agent according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bacterial agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6-10 parts of spore suspension of Paecilomyces cicadae and 1 part of pesticide.

9. The bacterial agent according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pesticide is a 20wt% dinotefuran suspension concentrate.

10. Use of the bacterial agent according to any one of claims 5 to 9 in controlling Phenacoccus hibiscus.

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