Preparation method of Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy cast ingot

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy cast ingot, and relates to the technical field of titanium alloys. According to the target component range of the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy cast ingot, the matching range of all alloy elements in the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy cast ingot is determined as follows: 5.8-7.2% of Al and 3.2-4.3% of Sn; zr: 2.7 to 3.8%; 0.3% to 0.9% of Mo; 0.3 to 0.5 percent of Si; 0.3% to 0.6% of Nb; 0.8 to 1.4 percent of Ta; and C: 0.05 to 0.07%. By determining the reasonable matching range of all alloy elements, all the elements of the Ti60 titanium alloy are synchronously melted and evenly distributed within the limited smelting time, element composition segregation of the Ti60 titanium alloy is restrained, and the composition uniformity of all the elements of the Ti60 titanium alloy is improved. Besides, the high energy density and good refining capacity of the electron beam cold bed furnace are utilized firstly, then the components and the structure are further adjusted through the vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace, and the component uniformity and purity of the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy cast ingot are effectively improved; and the application of the titanium alloy material in the fields of petrochemical industry, aviation industry, nuclear power generation, hydrogen storage industry, military industry and the like is expanded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of titanium alloys, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot. Background Art

[0002] The Ti60 titanium alloy is a near-α high-temperature titanium alloy with multi-element composite strengthening of the Ti-Al-Sn-Zr-Mo-Nb-Ta-Si system. By means of high alloying, micro-alloying and composite strengthening, on the basis of Ti-Al-Sn-Zr, a certain amount of three isomorphous high-melting-point β-stabilizing elements, namely Ta, Nb and Mo, are added simultaneously, so as to expand the application of titanium alloy materials in fields such as petrochemical industry, aviation industry, nuclear power generation, hydrogen storage industry and military industry.

[0003] In the prior art, the Ti60 titanium alloy contains a variety of alloying elements, and the total content is as high as more than 16%, including aluminum, tin, zirconium, molybdenum, tantalum, silicon, niobium, carbon, etc. Due to the large density difference of various elements in the titanium alloy, the sedimentation or floating speeds of different elements in the liquid metal are different; due to the different volatilization characteristics of various elements in the alloy, low-melting-point elements such as aluminum are prone to volatilize in the high-temperature environment of melting, while high-melting-point elements such as molybdenum, tantalum and niobium volatilize relatively less; the diffusion speeds of different elements in the liquid metal are also different. The above reasons make it difficult for various elements of the Ti60 titanium alloy to achieve synchronous melting and uniform distribution within a limited melting time, resulting in segregation of the element composition of the Ti60 titanium alloy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method for preparing a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot, so as to solve the problem that various elements of the Ti60 titanium alloy in the prior art are difficult to achieve synchronous melting and uniform distribution within a limited melting time, resulting in segregation of the element composition of the Ti60 titanium alloy.

[0005] The present invention provides a method for preparing a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Determine the ratio range of each alloying element according to the target composition range of the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot, and determine the types of alloy raw materials; the target composition range is Al: 5.2 - 6.5%; Sn: 3.0 - 4.5%; Zr: 2.5 - 4.0%; Mo: 0.2 - 1.0%; Si: 0.2 - 0.6%; Nb: 0.2 - 0.7%; Ta: 0.7 - 1.5%; C: 0.04 - 0.08%; determine the alloying element ratio range according to the target composition range of the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot as Al: 5.8 - 7.2%, Sn: 3.2 - 4.3%; Zr: 2.7 - 3.8%; Mo: 0.3 - 0.9%; Si: 0.3 - 0.5%; Nb: 0.3 - 0.6%; Ta: 0.8 - 1.4%; C: 0.05 - 0.07%.

[0007] Weigh the sponge titanium and the alloy raw materials, and mix the sponge titanium and the alloy raw materials evenly to form the raw materials to be melted.

[0008] Melt the raw materials to be melted by an electron beam cold hearth furnace to prepare a primary ingot.

[0009] Melt the primary ingot by a vacuum consumable arc furnace to prepare a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot.

[0010] According to a method for preparing a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the step of determining the types of alloy raw materials includes:

[0011] Determine that the types of the alloy raw materials are sponge zirconium, aluminum beans, aluminum-molybdenum master alloy, aluminum-tantalum master alloy, aluminum-silicon master alloy, carbon powder, titanium-tin master alloy, and aluminum-niobium master alloy.

[0012] According to a method for preparing a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the step of mixing the sponge titanium and the alloy raw materials evenly to form the raw materials to be melted includes:

[0013] Mix the sponge titanium, the sponge zirconium, the aluminum beans, the aluminum-molybdenum master alloy, the aluminum-tantalum master alloy, the aluminum-silicon master alloy, the titanium-tin master alloy, the aluminum-niobium master alloy, and the carbon powder evenly by an automatic batching and mixing machine to form a first raw material to be pressed, and press the first raw material to be pressed by a hydraulic press to prepare a block-shaped raw material; arrange the block-shaped raw materials evenly in the feeding trough of the electron beam cold hearth furnace to form the raw materials to be melted.

[0014] According to a method for preparing a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the step of melting the raw materials to be melted by an electron beam cold hearth furnace includes:

[0015] Determine the specification size of the massive raw material according to the specification size of the feeding chute, so that the massive raw material is adapted to the loading space of the feeding chute; place the massive raw material in the loading space, and melt the raw material to be melted located in the loading space through the electron gun of the electron beam cold hearth furnace to prepare a primary ingot.

[0016] According to a method for preparing a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the step of melting the raw material to be melted located in the loading space through the electron gun of the electron beam cold hearth furnace includes:

[0017] The electron gun includes a first electron gun group, a second electron gun group and a third electron gun group; the first electron gun group is used to melt the raw material to be melted into titanium liquid; the second electron gun group is used to refine the titanium liquid; the titanium liquid enters the crystallizer of the electron beam cold hearth furnace to form a molten pool, and the third electron gun group is used to heat the surface of the molten pool.

[0018] According to a method for preparing a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the melting power of the electron beam cold hearth furnace is 1800 - 3150 kw, and the proportion of the melting power of the first electron gun group is 60 - 70%; the proportion of the melting power of the second electron gun group is 10 - 15%; the proportion of the melting power of the third electron gun group is 20 - 25%.

[0019] According to a method for preparing a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the first electron gun group includes four first electron guns, the scanning pattern of the first electron gun is in a broken line shape, and the scanning patterns of the four first electron guns are symmetrically arranged with respect to the cold hearth of the electron beam cold hearth furnace.

[0020] According to a method for preparing a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the third electron gun group includes a second electron gun and a third electron gun; the scanning pattern of the second electron gun is a circle, and the circle coincides with the center of the crystallizer; the scanning pattern of the third electron gun is an annulus, and the annulus is located between the circle and the edge of the crystallizer.

[0021] According to a method for preparing a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the step of mixing the titanium sponge and the alloy raw material evenly to form the raw material to be melted includes:

[0022] Mix the titanium sponge, zirconium sponge, aluminum beans, aluminum-molybdenum master alloy, titanium-tin master alloy, aluminum-tantalum master alloy, aluminum-silicon master alloy, and aluminum-niobium master alloy uniformly through an automatic batching machine to form a second raw material to be pressed; prepare the carbon powder into carbon powder packages, and mix the carbon powder packages with the second raw material to be pressed uniformly to form a third raw material to be pressed; press the third raw material to be pressed through a hydraulic press to prepare a massive raw material; arrange the massive raw material uniformly in the feeding trough of the electron beam cold hearth furnace to form the raw material to be melted.

[0023] According to a method for preparing a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the step of melting the primary ingot through a vacuum consumable arc furnace includes:

[0024] Melting the primary ingot through a vacuum consumable arc furnace with a crucible diameter of 650 mm - 720 mm, with a melting current of 25 - 29 KA and a melting voltage of 30 - 35 V.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] For the method for preparing a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot provided by an embodiment of the present invention, according to the target component range of the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot, the ratio range of each alloy element in the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot is determined as follows: Al: 5.8 - 7.2%, Sn: 3.2 - 4.3%; Zr: 2.7 - 3.8%; Mo: 0.3 - 0.9%; Si: 0.3 - 0.5%; Nb: 0.3 - 0.6%; Ta: 0.8 - 1.4%; C: 0.05 - 0.07%. Weigh, mix uniformly, and melt the raw material to be melted that meets the above ratio range of each alloy element to prepare a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot. By determining a reasonable ratio range of each alloy element, the various elements of the Ti60 titanium alloy can be synchronously melted and uniformly distributed within a limited melting time, suppressing the segregation of the Ti60 titanium alloy element components and improving the component uniformity of the various elements of the Ti60 titanium alloy. In addition, the present invention adopts a melting method combining an electron beam cold hearth furnace and a vacuum consumable arc furnace. First, utilize the high energy density and good refining ability of the electron beam cold hearth furnace to preliminarily homogenize the alloy elements and effectively remove some impurities, and then further adjust the composition and structure through the vacuum consumable arc furnace, effectively improving the component uniformity and purity of the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the method for preparing a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2Schematic diagram of the scanning areas of the first electron gun group, the second electron gun group, and the third electron gun group provided by the embodiments of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 One of the schematic diagrams of the bulk raw material provided by the embodiments of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 Another schematic diagram of the bulk raw material provided by the embodiments of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the hydraulic press punch extruding the third raw material to be pressed in the mold cavity provided by the embodiments of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of butt welding of two primary ingots provided by the embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] 1. Bulk raw material; 2. Carbon powder package; 3. Hydraulic press punch; 4. Mold cavity; 5. Primary ingot; 6. Circumferential weld; 7. Schematic diagram of the first electron gun group scanning; 8. Schematic diagram of the second electron gun group scanning; 9. Schematic diagram of the third electron gun group scanning; 91. Second electron gun scanning image; 92. Third electron gun scanning image. Detailed implementation manners

[0034] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0035] Figure 1 Schematic flow chart of the method for preparing a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot provided by the embodiments of the present invention, as Figure 1 shown, a method for preparing a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot includes the following steps:

[0036] S1: Determine the proportion range of each alloy element according to the target composition range of the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot, and determine the types of alloy raw materials; the target composition range is Al: 5.2 - 6.5%; Sn: 3.0 - 4.5%; Zr: 2.5 - 4.0%; Mo: 0.2 - 1.0%; Si: 0.2 - 0.6%; Nb: 0.2 - 0.7%; Ta: 0.7 - 1.5%; C: 0.04 - 0.08%; according to the target composition range of the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot, the proportion range of alloy elements is determined as Al: 5.8 - 7.2%, Sn: 3.2 - 4.3%; Zr: 2.7 - 3.8%; Mo: 0.3 - 0.9%; Si: 0.3 - 0.5%; Nb: 0.3 - 0.6%; Ta: 0.8 - 1.4%; C: 0.05 - 0.07%;

[0037] S2: Weigh the titanium sponge and alloy raw materials, and mix the titanium sponge and alloy raw materials evenly to form the raw materials to be melted.

[0038] S3: Melt the raw materials to be melted through an electron beam cold hearth furnace to prepare a primary ingot.

[0039] S4: Melt the primary ingot through a vacuum consumable arc furnace to prepare a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot.

[0040] The method for preparing a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot provided by the embodiment of the present invention determines the proportion range of each alloy element in the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot according to the target composition range of the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot as follows: Al: 5.8 - 7.2%, Sn: 3.2 - 4.3%; Zr: 2.7 - 3.8%; Mo: 0.3 - 0.9%; Si: 0.3 - 0.5%; Nb: 0.3 - 0.6%; Ta: 0.8 - 1.4%; C: 0.05 - 0.07%. Weigh, mix evenly, and melt the raw materials to be melted that meet the above proportion range of each alloy element to prepare a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot. By determining a reasonable proportion range of each alloy element, the various elements of the Ti60 titanium alloy can be synchronously melted and evenly distributed within a limited melting time, inhibiting the segregation of the element composition of the Ti60 titanium alloy and improving the compositional uniformity of the various elements of the Ti60 titanium alloy. In addition, the present invention adopts a melting method combining an electron beam cold hearth furnace and a vacuum consumable arc furnace. First, utilize the high energy density and good refining ability of the electron beam cold hearth furnace to preliminarily homogenize the alloy elements and effectively remove some impurities, and then further adjust the composition and structure through the vacuum consumable arc furnace, effectively improving the compositional uniformity and purity of the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot.

[0041] In the embodiment of the present invention, a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot with a weight of 3000 - 6000 kg is prepared by melting the raw materials to be melted. It should be noted that determining the proportion range according to the target composition range can, on the one hand, ensure that the content of each alloy element in the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot meets the requirements of the target range, and on the other hand, can improve the uniformity of the alloy elements and enhance the material properties of the Ti60 titanium alloy.

[0042] In the embodiment of the present invention, the step of determining the types of alloy raw materials includes: determining that the types of alloy raw materials are zirconium sponge, aluminum beans, aluminum-molybdenum master alloy, aluminum-tantalum master alloy, aluminum-silicon master alloy, carbon powder, titanium-tin master alloy, and aluminum-niobium master alloy.

[0043] In the embodiment of the present invention, the step of mixing the titanium sponge and alloy raw materials evenly to form the raw materials to be melted includes:

[0044] Mix sponge titanium, sponge zirconium, aluminum beans, aluminum-molybdenum master alloy, aluminum-tantalum master alloy, aluminum-silicon master alloy, titanium-tin master alloy, aluminum-niobium master alloy, and carbon powder evenly through an automatic batching machine to form a first raw material to be pressed, and press the first raw material to be pressed through a hydraulic press to prepare a massive raw material. Arrange the massive raw materials evenly in the feeding trough of an electron beam cold hearth furnace to form raw materials to be melted.

[0045] In the prior art, due to the low addition amount of sponge titanium and high addition amount of master alloy in the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot, the strength of the consumable electrode pressed during the production of the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot is insufficient, and the master alloy is likely to spill or break off during the melting process, resulting in inclusions, segregation, or uneven melting of high-melting-point metals in the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot, seriously affecting the metallurgical quality of the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot. In this application, an electron beam cold hearth furnace is used to melt the raw materials to be melted, avoiding the situation where the strength of the consumable electrode is insufficient, or the master alloy is likely to spill or break off during the melting process, resulting in abnormal melting or the occurrence of inclusions, segregation, and uneven melting of high-melting-point metals.

[0046] In an embodiment of the present invention, the step of melting the raw materials to be melted by an electron beam cold hearth furnace includes:

[0047] Determine the specification size of the massive raw material according to the specification size of the feeding trough so that the massive raw material is adapted to the loading space of the feeding trough; place the massive raw material in the loading space, and melt the raw materials to be melted located in the loading space through the electron gun of the electron beam cold hearth furnace to prepare a primary ingot.

[0048] Use an 8000-ton hydraulic press to press the uniformly mixed first raw material to be pressed to prepare a massive raw material, and determine the number of massive raw materials according to the length of the feeding trough. For example, when the length of the massive raw material is 400 mm, the width is 300 mm, the length of the feeding trough is 4500 mm, and the width is 800 mm, 80 massive raw materials need to be prepared. 40 massive raw materials are placed in each of the feeding troughs on both sides of the cold hearth. Two columns of massive raw materials are placed in each feeding trough on each side, with 20 massive raw materials in each column. Two layers of massive raw materials can also be arranged in the height direction to increase the feeding amount, increase the ingot specification size, and improve production efficiency.

[0049] In an embodiment of the present invention, the step of melting the raw materials to be melted located in the loading space through the electron gun of the electron beam cold hearth furnace includes:

[0050] The electron gun includes a first electron gun group, a second electron gun group, and a third electron gun group; the first electron gun group is used to melt the raw materials to be melted into titanium liquid; the second electron gun group is used to refine the titanium liquid; the titanium liquid enters the crystallizer of the electron beam cold hearth furnace to form a molten pool, and the third electron gun group is used to heat the surface of the molten pool.

[0051] In an embodiment of the present invention, the melting power of the electron beam cold hearth furnace is 1800 - 3150 kw, the proportion of the melting power of the first electron gun group is 60 - 70%; the proportion of the melting power of the second electron gun group is 10 - 15%; the proportion of the melting power of the third electron gun group is 20 - 25%. By reasonably distributing the melting power of the first electron gun group, the second electron gun group and the third electron gun group, the melting speed, refining speed and crystallization speed of the raw materials to be melted are matched, ensuring the compositional uniformity of various elements in the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot and effectively reducing the inclusion and segregation phenomena in the alloy.

[0052] Place the feeding trough into the feeding system of the electron beam cold hearth furnace, and evacuate the left and right feeding chambers and the melting chamber until the vacuum degree ≤ 0.7 Pa, then start melting. During the melting process, the vacuum degree in the melting chamber meets ≤ 1.0 Pa. After the raw materials are bombarded by the electron beam and melted into titanium liquid, they flow through the melting cold hearth and the refining cold hearth, and then flow into the crystallizer crucible to solidify. Then, the ingot is pulled to the ingot pulling chamber by the ingot pulling system and cooled in the furnace, and then taken out of the furnace to obtain a primary ingot with a diameter of 650 mm.

[0053] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the scanning areas of the first electron gun group, the second electron gun group and the third electron gun group provided in the embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 2 shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the first electron gun group includes four first electron guns, and the scanning pattern of the first electron gun is in a broken line shape. The scanning patterns of the four first electron guns are symmetrically arranged with respect to the cold hearth of the electron beam cold hearth furnace.

[0054] In an embodiment of the present invention, the third electron gun group includes a second electron gun and a third electron gun. The scanning pattern of the second electron gun is a circle, and the center of the circle coincides with the center of the crystallizer. The scanning pattern of the third electron gun is an annulus, and the annulus is located between the circle and the edge of the crystallizer.

[0055] In the electron gun arrangement of the electron beam cold hearth furnace, the third electron gun group is composed of the second electron gun and the third electron gun together. Among them, the scanning area of the second electron gun presents as a circle, and the center of this circle coincides with the center of the crystallizer. In this way, when the second electron gun heats the surface of the molten pool, it can transfer heat to the surrounding area more evenly with the center of the crystallizer as the center, playing a role in heating the central area of the molten pool.

[0056] The scanning area of the third electron gun is an annulus, and its position is between the edge of the crystallizer and the scanning area of the second electron gun, that is, it surrounds the outside of the central area of the molten pool. This annular scanning area forms a clever combination with the circular scanning area of the second electron gun.

[0057] During the actual heating process of the molten pool surface, by combining such annular and circular scanning areas, compared with solely relying on the circular scanning area for heating, it can more comprehensively and evenly cover the entire molten pool surface, enabling each part of the molten pool surface to receive appropriate and uniform heat supply. This effectively improves the uniformity of the molten pool surface temperature, creates a good and stable thermal environment for the crystallization process of titanium alloy in the molten pool, and helps ensure a uniform crystallization rate and a uniform and dense ingot microstructure.

[0058] Specifically, the electron beam cold hearth furnace has a total of seven electron guns, numbered 1 - 7. During the smelting process, guns 1 - 4 are the first electron guns, used to melt the raw materials in the left and right feeding troughs into titanium liquid. Gun 5 is the second electron gun group, used to refine the titanium liquid in the cold hearth. Gun 6 is the second electron gun, and gun 7 is the third electron gun. Guns 6 and 7 are used for heating the molten pool surface in the crystallizer so that the titanium liquid in the molten pool can solidify continuously.

[0059] In the embodiment of the present invention, the step of mixing sponge titanium and alloy raw materials evenly to form the raw materials to be melted includes:

[0060] Mix sponge titanium, sponge zirconium, aluminum beans, aluminum - molybdenum master alloy, titanium - tin master alloy, aluminum - tantalum master alloy, aluminum - silicon master alloy, and aluminum - niobium master alloy evenly through an automatic batching and mixing machine to form the second raw materials to be pressed; prepare carbon powder into carbon powder packages, mix the carbon powder packages evenly with the second raw materials to be pressed to form the third raw materials to be pressed; press the third raw materials to be pressed through a hydraulic press to prepare block - shaped raw materials; evenly arrange the block - shaped raw materials in the feeding trough of the electron beam cold hearth furnace to form the raw materials to be melted.

[0061] It should be noted that since the increase in Fe content will significantly reduce the creep properties of high - temperature titanium alloys, the Fe content needs to be strictly controlled not to exceed 0.25%. Specifically, aviation - grade low - iron sponge titanium with a particle size of 3 - 12.7 mm is used, and the Fe content of the sponge titanium is less than 0.015% to ensure the ingot quality.

[0062] Carbon powder usually has fine particle sizes and light masses. When mixing with other alloy raw materials, it is easily agglomerated together under the action of van der Waals forces and the like. During the smelting process, this agglomeration phenomenon will hinder the uniform dispersion of carbon powder in the liquid alloy. In the smelting of titanium alloys, the particle sizes and densities of raw materials such as sponge titanium are quite different from those of carbon powder, and simple mixing is difficult to make the carbon powder evenly adhere to or distribute on the surface of other raw material particles, resulting in the uneven incorporation of carbon elements into the alloy matrix during smelting and affecting the uniformity of alloy composition. In this application, carbon powder packages are made and evenly arranged in the second raw materials to be pressed, so as to enable the carbon powder to be evenly incorporated into the Ti60 high - temperature titanium alloy ingot and improve the ingot composition uniformity.

[0063] Figure 6Schematic diagram of butt welding of two primary ingots provided by an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 6 shown. In the embodiment of the present invention, after the step of melting the raw materials to be melted by an electron beam cold hearth furnace, the following steps are further included: circularly welding the butting joints of two primary ingots by an electron beam welding box; melting the two primary ingots after butt welding by a crucible with a diameter of 650 mm to prepare a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot. Since the weight of the primary ingot is doubled, the specification size of the Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot is increased, and the production efficiency is improved. The welding current is 1-3 A, the welding voltage is 30 KV, and the welding speed is 15-40 mm / min. When welding by an electron beam welding box, since the energy density of the electron beam is very high, the electron beam can be focused to a very small diameter. This high energy density can achieve high-precision welding, enable the weld seam to be very narrow and have a large depth-width ratio, which helps to improve the production efficiency and can greatly shorten the welding time. The width of the circular weld seam is 80-100 mm, and the depth is 30-50 mm. Since other parts of the primary ingot are less affected by heat during the welding process, thermal deformation and thermal stress can be reduced, and cracks generated by thermal stress after welding of the circular weld seam can be prevented.

[0064] Figure 3 One of the schematic diagrams of the bulk raw materials provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 Another schematic diagram of the bulk raw materials provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a hydraulic press punch extruding the third raw material to be pressed in a mold cavity provided by an embodiment of the present invention, as Figures 3 to 5 shown. In the embodiment of the present invention, a single bulk raw material has multiple carbon powder packages. The multiple carbon powder packages are evenly distributed inside the bulk raw material. Specifically, first pour 1 / 2 of the weight of the third raw material to be pressed of a single bulk raw material into the mold cavity of the hydraulic press, then arrange the multiple carbon powder packages evenly along the cross-section of the bulk raw material, and then pour the remaining 1 / 2 of the weight of the third raw material to be pressed of a single bulk raw material into the mold cavity of the hydraulic press. Extrude the third raw material to be pressed in the mold cavity by the punch of the hydraulic press to complete the preparation of a single bulk raw material. The bulk raw material can be cubic or cylindrical, and is specifically adjusted according to the production situation.

[0065] In the embodiment of the present invention, the step of melting the primary ingot by a vacuum consumable arc furnace includes:

[0066] The primary ingot is melted by a vacuum consumable electric arc furnace with a crucible diameter of 650mm-720mm, the melting current is 25-29KA, and the melting voltage is 30-35V. When the diameter of the primary ingot is 580mm, the primary ingot is melted by a vacuum consumable electric arc furnace with a crucible diameter of 650mm. When the diameter of the primary ingot is 650mm, the primary ingot is melted by a vacuum consumable electric arc furnace with a crucible diameter of 720mm. During the vacuum consumable arc melting process, AC arc stabilization stirring is performed, the arc stabilization current is 10-16A, and the arc stabilization stirring time is 6-10S. The volume and shape of the molten pool are changed by arc stabilization stirring, which is more conducive to the uniform distribution of elements. The convection and diffusion of liquid metal in the molten pool can be more fully exerted, so that various alloy elements such as Al, Sn, Zr, Mo, Si, Nb, Ta, C, etc. are evenly mixed in the melt, reducing segregation and more effectively improving the microstructural uniformity of the ingot, thereby improving the overall quality of the ingot.

[0067] The first specific embodiment of the present invention is described below, as shown in Table 1: The raw materials are as shown in Table 1, a total of 72 block raw materials, and the weight of a single block raw material is 46.52 kg. According to the ratio range of each alloy element in the Ti60 high temperature titanium alloy ingot: Al: 5.8-7.2%, Sn: 3.2-4.3%; Zr: 2.7-3.8%; Mo: 0.3-0.9%; Si: 0.3-0.5%; Nb: 0.3-0.6%; Ta: 0.8-1.4%; C: 0.05-0.07%; determine the ratio of each alloy element: Al: 7.0%; Sn: 4.05%; Zr: 3.5%; Mo: 0.9%; Si: 0.4%; Nb: 0.4%; Ta: 1.0%; C: 0.06%.

[0068] Table 1

[0069]

[0070]

[0071] The titanium sponge and the alloy raw materials are weighed by an automatic mixer, and the titanium sponge and the alloy raw materials are evenly mixed by a mixer, and the mixing time of the mixer is 30-90S.

[0072] The titanium sponge and alloy raw materials are pressed by an 8000-ton hydraulic press to prepare block raw materials. The length of the block raw materials is 400 mm and the width is 300 mm. 36 block raw materials are placed in the feed troughs on both sides of the cooling bed. Two rows of block raw materials are placed in the feed trough on each side, with 18 block raw materials in each row.

[0073] The electron beam cooling hearth furnace has a total of seven electron guns, No. 1-7. During the smelting process, guns 1-4 are the first electron guns, used to melt the raw materials in the left and right feed troughs as titanium liquid, gun No. 5 is the second electron gun group, used to refine the titanium liquid in the cooling hearth, gun No. 6 is the second electron gun, and gun No. 7 is the third electron gun. Guns No. 6 and No. 7 are used to heat the surface of the molten pool in the crystallizer so that the titanium liquid in the molten pool can be continuously solidified. The smelting power of the electron beam cooling hearth furnace is 3150kw, the smelting power of the first electron gun group accounts for 70%; the smelting power of the second electron gun group accounts for 10%; the smelting power of the third electron gun group accounts for 20%, and a primary ingot with a diameter of 650mm is prepared.

[0074] The primary ingot is melted in a crucible with a diameter of 720 mm to prepare a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot, with a melting current of 25-29KA and a melting voltage of 30-35V.

[0075] The chemical composition of the ingot was sampled and tested, and the test results are shown in Table 2. As can be seen from Table 2, the deviation of Al element is ≤0.20%, the deviation of Mo element is ≤0.05%, the deviation of Si element is ≤0.01%, the deviation of Sn element is ≤0.20%, the deviation of Zr element is ≤0.20%, the deviation of Nb element is ≤0.05%, the deviation of Ta element is ≤0.20%, and the deviation of C element is ≤0.02%. The composition uniformity of various alloy elements in Ti60 titanium alloy is good.

[0076] Table 2

[0077]

[0078] The second specific embodiment of the present invention is described below, as shown in Table 3: The raw materials are as follows, a total of 72 block raw materials, and the weight of a single block raw material is 46.52 kg. According to the ratio range of each alloy element in the Ti60 high temperature titanium alloy ingot: Al: 5.8-7.2%, Sn: 3.2-4.3%; Zr: 2.7-3.8%; Mo: 0.3-0.9%; Si: 0.3-0.5%; Nb: 0.3-0.6%; Ta: 0.8-1.4%; C: 0.05-0.07%; determine the ratio of each alloy element: Al: 6.8%; Sn: 3.9%; Zr: 3.2%; Mo: 0.6%; Si: 0.35%; Nb: 0.5%; Ta: 1.1%; C: 0.055%.

[0079] Table 3

[0080] Raw material type Weight (kg) Sponge titanium 2763.14 AlMo65 30.92 Ti-Sn80 162.30 AlTa-70 52.42 Sponge zirconium 110.52 Al beans 99.26 AlSi11 107.57 AlNb-75 22.20 C powder 1.67 Total 3350

[0081] The titanium sponge and the alloy raw materials are weighed by an automatic mixer, and the titanium sponge and the alloy raw materials are evenly mixed by a mixer, and the mixing time of the mixer is 30-90S.

[0082] The sponge titanium and alloy raw materials are pressed by an 8000-ton oil press to prepare massive raw materials. The length of the massive raw materials is 400 mm and the width is 300 mm. 36 massive raw materials are placed in each of the feeding troughs on both sides of the cooling bed. The feeding troughs on each side place two columns of massive raw materials, with 18 massive raw materials in each column.

[0083] The electron beam cold hearth furnace has a total of seven electron guns, numbered 1-7 respectively. During the smelting process, guns 1-4 are the first electron guns, used to melt the raw materials in the left and right feeding troughs into titanium liquid; gun 5 is the second electron gun group, used to refine the titanium liquid in the cold hearth; gun 6 is the second electron gun, and gun 7 is the third electron gun. Guns 6 and 7 are used to heat the surface of the molten pool in the crystallizer so that the titanium liquid in the molten pool can solidify continuously. The smelting power of the electron beam cold hearth furnace is 3150 kw. The smelting power ratio of the first electron gun group is 65%; the smelting power ratio of the second electron gun group is 15%; the smelting power ratio of the third electron gun group is 20%, to prepare a primary ingot with a diameter of 650 mm.

[0084] The primary ingot is smelted through a crucible with a diameter of 720 mm to prepare a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot, with a smelting current of 25-29 KA and a smelting voltage of 30-35 V.

[0085] Samples are taken and tested for the chemical composition of the ingot. The test results are shown in Table 4. It can be seen from Table 2 that the deviation of Al element is ≤0.20%, the deviation of Mo element is ≤0.05%, the deviation of Si element is ≤0.01%, the deviation of Sn element is ≤0.20%, the deviation of Zr element is ≤0.20%, the deviation of Nb element is ≤0.05%, the deviation of Ta element is ≤0.20%, and the deviation of C element is ≤0.02%. The composition uniformity of various alloy elements of the Ti60 titanium alloy is good.

[0086] Table 4

[0087]

[0088] As described above, it is only the preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a Ti60 high temperature titanium alloy ingot, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: According to the target composition range of Ti60 high temperature titanium alloy ingot, the ratio range of each alloy element is determined, and the type of alloy raw material is determined; the target composition range is Al: 5.2-6.5%; Sn: 3.0-4.5%; Zr：2.5-4.0％； Mo: 0.2-1.0%; Si: 0.2-0.6%; Nb: 0.2-0.7%; Ta: 0.7-1.5%; C: 0.04-0.08%; according to the target composition range of Ti60 high temperature titanium alloy ingot, the alloy element ratio range is determined to be Al: 5.8-7.2%, Sn: 3.2-4.3%; Zr：2.7-3.8％； Mo: 0.3-0.9%; Si: 0.3-0.5%; Nb ：0.3-0.6％； Ta: 0.8-1.4%; C：0.05-0.07％； Weighing the titanium sponge and the alloy raw material, and uniformly mixing the titanium sponge and the alloy raw material to form a raw material to be melted; Melting the raw material to be melted by an electron beam cooling furnace to prepare a primary ingot; The primary ingot is melted by a vacuum consumable arc furnace to prepare a Ti60 high-temperature titanium alloy ingot.

2. The method for preparing a Ti60 high temperature titanium alloy ingot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of determining the type of alloy raw material comprises: The types of the alloy raw materials are determined to be zirconium sponge, aluminum beans, aluminum-molybdenum master alloys, aluminum-tantalum master alloys, aluminum-silicon master alloys, carbon powder, titanium-tin master alloys and aluminum-niobium master alloys.

3. The method for preparing the Ti60 high temperature titanium alloy ingot according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step of uniformly mixing the titanium sponge and the alloy raw material to form a raw material to be melted comprises: The titanium sponge, the zirconium sponge, the aluminum beans, the aluminum-molybdenum master alloy, the aluminum-tantalum master alloy, the aluminum-silicon master alloy, the titanium-tin master alloy, the aluminum-niobium master alloy and the carbon powder are evenly mixed by an automatic mixing machine to form a first raw material to be pressed; the first raw material to be pressed is pressed by a hydraulic press to prepare a block raw material; the block raw materials are evenly arranged in the feed trough of the electron beam cooling hearth furnace to form the raw material to be melted.

4. The method for preparing a Ti60 high temperature titanium alloy ingot according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step of smelting the raw material to be melted by an electron beam cooling furnace comprises: The size of the block raw material is determined according to the size of the feed trough so that the block raw material can adapt to the loading space of the feed trough; the block raw material is placed in the loading space, and the raw material to be melted in the loading space is melted by the electron gun of the electron beam cooling hearth furnace to prepare a primary ingot.

5. The method for preparing the Ti60 high temperature titanium alloy ingot according to claim 4, characterized in that: The step of melting the raw material to be melted located in the charging space by the electron gun of the electron beam cooling hearth furnace comprises: The electron gun includes a first electron gun group, a second electron gun group and a third electron gun group; the first electron gun group is used to melt the raw material to be melted into titanium liquid; the second electron gun group is used to refine the titanium liquid; the titanium liquid enters the crystallizer of the electron beam cooling hearth furnace to form a molten pool, and the third electron gun group is used to heat the surface of the molten pool.

6. The method for preparing a Ti60 high temperature titanium alloy ingot according to claim 5, characterized in that: The melting power of the electron beam cooling hearth furnace is 1800-3150kw, the melting power of the first electron gun group accounts for 60-70%; the melting power of the second electron gun group accounts for 10-15%; the melting power of the third electron gun group accounts for 20-25%.

7. The method for preparing a Ti60 high temperature titanium alloy ingot according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first electron gun group includes four first electron guns, the scanning patterns of the first electron guns are in a zigzag shape, and the scanning patterns of the four first electron guns are symmetrically arranged about the cooling bed of the electron beam cooling bed furnace.

8. The method for preparing a Ti60 high temperature titanium alloy ingot according to claim 6, characterized in that: The third electron gun group includes a second electron gun and a third electron gun; the scanning pattern of the second electron gun is a circle, and the circle coincides with the center of the crystallizer; the scanning pattern of the third electron gun is a ring, and the ring is located between the circle and the edge of the crystallizer.

9. The method for preparing a Ti60 high temperature titanium alloy ingot according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step of uniformly mixing the titanium sponge and the alloy raw material to form a raw material to be melted comprises: The titanium sponge, the zirconium sponge, the aluminum beans, the aluminum-molybdenum master alloy, the titanium-tin master alloy, the aluminum-tantalum master alloy, the aluminum-silicon master alloy and the aluminum-niobium master alloy are mixed evenly by an automatic mixing machine to form a second raw material to be pressed; the carbon powder is prepared into a carbon powder bag, and the carbon powder bag is mixed evenly with the second raw material to be pressed to form a third raw material to be pressed; the third raw material to be pressed is pressed by a hydraulic press to prepare a block raw material; the block raw material is evenly arranged in the feed trough of the electron beam cooling hearth furnace to form the raw material to be melted.

10. The method for preparing a Ti60 high temperature titanium alloy ingot according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The step of melting the primary ingot by a vacuum consumable arc furnace comprises: The primary ingot is melted in a vacuum consumable arc furnace with a crucible diameter of 650mm-720mm, a melting current of 25-29KA, and a melting voltage of 30-35V.

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