Low-carbon hydrogen production system coupling renewable energy source and fuel reforming

Abstract

The invention provides a low-carbon hydrogen production system coupling renewable energy sources and fuel reforming. The low-carbon hydrogen production system comprises a power generation system, a hydrogen production system, a hydrogenation system and a waste heat utilization system, the waste heat utilization system comprises a waste heat utilization evaporator, a turbine, a condenser, a working medium pump and a lithium battery. The waste heat utilization evaporator is provided with a first inlet, a second inlet, a first outlet and a second outlet. When the waste heat utilization system works, a liquid working medium is pressurized by a working medium pump to form a high-pressure liquid working medium, the high-pressure liquid working medium enters a second inlet of the waste heat utilization evaporator and is evaporated into high-temperature and high-pressure working medium gas after exchanging heat with high-temperature hydrogen provided by a hydrogenation system; high-temperature and high-pressure working medium gas flows out of the second outlet and enters the turbine to drive the turbine to rotate to supply power to the lithium battery; the gas after acting releases heat and is liquefied by the condenser, and then is pressurized and conveyed to the waste heat utilization evaporator by the working medium pump; according to the invention, based on the combination of methane methanol hydrogen production, photovoltaic power generation hydrogen production, methanation and carbon capture technologies, high-efficiency utilization and low-carbon emission of energy can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of energy conversion and utilization, and particularly to a low-carbon hydrogen production system that couples renewable energy and fuel reforming. Background Art

[0002] In the context of the global energy structure transformation, hydrogen energy is regarded as an important future energy carrier. Traditional hydrogen production methods, such as methane reforming and water electrolysis, although widely used, have problems of high energy consumption and high carbon emissions. In recent years, the application of photovoltaic power generation combined with water electrolysis hydrogen production technology is gradually being promoted, but hydrogen storage and transportation are difficult, with low storage and transportation efficiency and high costs. At the same time, methanation reaction and carbon capture technology can effectively reduce carbon emissions, but how to combine these technologies with the hydrogen production process to achieve systematic integrated operation is a current research hotspot. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention proposes a low-carbon hydrogen production system that couples renewable energy and fuel reforming. Through a technical solution that combines hydrogen production from methane to methanol, photovoltaic power generation hydrogen production, methanation, and carbon capture technologies, it can achieve efficient energy utilization and low-carbon emissions.

[0004] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0005] A low-carbon hydrogen production system that couples renewable energy and fuel reforming, the low-carbon hydrogen production system includes a power generation system, a hydrogen production system, a hydrogen addition system, and a waste heat utilization system; The waste heat utilization system includes a waste heat utilization evaporator, a turbine, a condenser, a working fluid pump, and a lithium battery. The waste heat utilization evaporator has a first inlet, a second inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet; when the waste heat utilization system operates, the liquid working fluid is pressurized by the working fluid pump to form a high-pressure liquid working fluid and enters the second inlet of the waste heat utilization evaporator, exchanges heat with the high-temperature hydrogen provided by the hydrogen addition system, and evaporates to form a high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid gas; the high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid gas flows out from the second outlet, enters the turbine, drives the turbine to rotate to supply power to the lithium battery; the gas after doing work is liquefied by releasing heat in the condenser and then pressurized and transported by the working fluid pump to the waste heat utilization evaporator to form a working fluid cycle.

[0006] The hydrogen production system provides hydrogen to the hydrogen addition system; the hydrogen addition system compresses and fills hydrogen to users and uses the energy released during the hydrogen compression process to heat the hydrogen to form high-temperature hydrogen with low-grade heat energy; The waste heat utilization system uses the low-grade heat energy formed by the hydrogen addition system to generate electricity and supply energy to the hydrogen production system and the hydrogen addition system; the liquid working fluid includes media such as water.

[0007] The power generation system uses solar energy to generate electricity to supply energy to the hydrogen production system and the hydrogen refueling system; the power generation system includes a photovoltaic module, an inverter, and a lithium battery; the photovoltaic module converts light energy into electrical energy, the inverter is used to match the voltage, and the lithium battery stores the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic module to adjust the fluctuation of the solar power generation.

[0008] The hydrogen production system includes a main hydrogen production circuit and an auxiliary hydrogen production circuit, and the auxiliary hydrogen production circuit includes a hydrogen storage part and a hydrogen regeneration part.

[0009] The main hydrogen production circuit includes a SOEC electrolyzer, a water pump, a heat exchanger (a1) in the main hydrogen production circuit, a first valve (a2) in the main hydrogen production circuit, an evaporator in the main hydrogen production circuit, a cooler, a compressor (a01) in the main hydrogen production circuit, TSA, a burner, and a second valve (a4) in the main hydrogen production circuit; The SOEC electrolyzer has a raw material inlet, an anode outlet, and a cathode outlet. The SOEC electrolyzer consumes electrical energy to convert the combustion high-temperature flue gas into oxygen on the anode side and hydrogen on the cathode side; the heat exchanger and the evaporator in the main hydrogen production circuit have a first inlet, a second inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet. Hydrogen flows into the first inlet of the heat exchanger, cools down, then enters the first inlet of the evaporator in the main hydrogen production circuit through a valve to recover waste heat, and flows out from the first outlet of the evaporator in the main hydrogen production circuit. After cooling by the cooler, it is pressurized by the compressor in the main hydrogen production circuit and enters the TSA device for purification; TSA has a first outlet and a second outlet. The purified hydrogen flows out from the first outlet to the buffer tank in the main hydrogen production circuit to supply hydrogen to the hydrogen refueling system, and the purge tail gas used for purification flows out from the second outlet to the burner; The water pump pressurizes water and flows it into the second inlet of the heat exchanger in the main hydrogen production circuit, preheats it, and then flows out from the second outlet of the heat exchanger in the main hydrogen production circuit. After mixing with the oxygen on the anode side of the SOEC, it enters the burner; The burner has a first inlet and a second inlet. The purge tail gas enters from the second inlet of the burner, and the water vapor and the oxygen on the anode side of the SOEC enter from the first inlet of the burner. The purge tail gas reacts with oxygen to burn and generate high-temperature water vapor, and the high-temperature water vapor is introduced into the SOEC electrolyzer for hydrogen production through the valve in the main hydrogen production circuit.

[0010] The hydrogen storage part includes a SOEC electrolyzer, a first heat exchanger (b1) in the hydrogen storage part, a valve (b01) in the hydrogen storage part, a first reactor (b001) in the hydrogen storage part, a second heat exchanger (b2) in the hydrogen storage part, and a storage tank; The SOEC electrolyzer has a raw material inlet, an anode outlet, and a cathode outlet. The SOEC electrolyzer consumes electrical energy to convert the combustion high-temperature flue gas into oxygen (anode side), hydrogen, and carbon monoxide (cathode side); The first heat exchanger of the hydrogen storage section and the second heat exchanger of the hydrogen storage section have a first inlet, a second inlet, a first outlet and a second outlet. Hydrogen and carbon monoxide flow into the first inlet of the first heat exchanger of the hydrogen storage section, and after cooling, flow out from the first outlet of the first heat exchanger of the hydrogen storage section and enter the first reactor of the hydrogen storage section to react to generate a hydrogen storage carrier; the hydrogen storage carrier is methane / methanol; the generated hydrogen storage carrier flows into the first inlet of the second heat exchanger of the hydrogen storage section, and after cooling, flows into the storage tank for storage from the first outlet of the second heat exchanger of the hydrogen storage section.

[0011] The hydrogen regeneration section includes a storage tank, a first valve (c5) of the hydrogen regeneration section, a heat exchanger (c3) of the hydrogen regeneration section, a reactor (c2) of the hydrogen regeneration section, an evaporator of the hydrogen regeneration section, a cooler, a compressor (c1) of the hydrogen regeneration section, a TSA device, a burner and a second valve (c3) of the hydrogen regeneration section; The heat exchanger of the hydrogen regeneration section, the reactor of the hydrogen regeneration section and the evaporator of the hydrogen regeneration section have a first inlet, a second inlet, a first outlet and a second outlet; The hydrogen storage carrier stored in the storage tank flows into the first inlet of the heat exchanger of the hydrogen regeneration section through the first valve of the hydrogen regeneration section, flows out from the first outlet of the heat exchanger of the hydrogen regeneration section after preheating, then flows into the first inlet of the reactor of the hydrogen regeneration section, and the generated hydrogen and carbon monoxide flow out from the first outlet of the reactor of the hydrogen regeneration section. The reaction gas then flows into the second outlet of the heat exchanger of the hydrogen regeneration section, preheats the hydrogen storage carrier, and then flows out from the second outlet of the heat exchanger of the hydrogen regeneration section and enters the first inlet of the evaporator of the hydrogen regeneration section to recover waste heat. The reaction gas after recovering waste heat flows out from the first outlet of the evaporator, is cooled by the cooler, and then is pressurized by the compressor of the hydrogen regeneration section and sent to the TSA device to purify hydrogen. The purified hydrogen enters the buffer tank (c1) of the hydrogen regeneration section for storage and is supplied to the hydrogenation system for hydrogenation; the tail gas generated by purification is sent to the burner to react with oxygen to generate high-temperature water vapor, and the high-temperature water vapor is introduced into the second inlet of the reactor of the hydrogen regeneration section through the second valve of the hydrogen regeneration section to provide energy for hydrogen regeneration. The cooled flue gas flows out from the second outlet of the reactor of the hydrogen regeneration section and is introduced into the SOEC electrolyzer for hydrogen production.

[0012] When the hydrogen production load of the main hydrogen production loop matches the hydrogenation load, only the main hydrogen production loop is opened, the first valve (a2) and the second valve (a4) of the main hydrogen production loop are opened, and the valve of the hydrogen storage section (b01), the first valve (c5) of the hydrogen regeneration section and the second valve (c3) of the hydrogen regeneration section are closed; When the hydrogen production load in the main hydrogen production circuit exceeds the hydrogenation load, open the hydrogen storage part of the main hydrogen production circuit and the auxiliary hydrogen production circuit, open the valve (b01) of the hydrogen storage part, the first valve (a2) of the main hydrogen production circuit, and the second valve (a4) of the main hydrogen production circuit, and close the first valve (c5) and the second valve (c3) of the hydrogen regeneration part; When the hydrogen production load in the main hydrogen production circuit is insufficient, open the hydrogen regeneration part of the main hydrogen production circuit and the auxiliary hydrogen production circuit, open the first valve (a2) of the main hydrogen production circuit, the first valve (c5) of the hydrogen regeneration part, and the second valve (c3) of the hydrogen regeneration part, and close the valve (b01) of the hydrogen storage part and the second valve (a4) of the main hydrogen production circuit.

[0013] The hydrogenation system includes a first hydrogenation system buffer tank (d1), a hydrogenation system compressor (d02), a second hydrogenation system buffer tank (d2), a hydrogenation system refrigerator, and a hydrogenation system filling machine; The hydrogenation system buffer tank is used to store the produced hydrogen; the hydrogenation system compressor compresses the hydrogen in the first hydrogenation system buffer tank into the second hydrogenation system buffer tank; the second hydrogenation system buffer tank stores high-pressure hydrogen; the hydrogenation system refrigerator is used to cool the hydrogen during the filling process to prevent the temperature from being too high due to the heat release caused by the hydrogen pressure increase; the hydrogenation system filling machine is used to fill the on-vehicle hydrogen storage cylinder with hydrogen.

[0014] The turbine is coaxially connected to the working fluid pump. While the turbine generates electric energy, it drives the pump to operate, improving the energy efficiency; The waste heat utilization system uses the low-grade waste heat of hydrogen to generate electricity and stores the electric energy in the lithium battery to meet the electricity demand of the hydrogen production and hydrogenation systems, so as to improve the energy efficiency of the hydrogenation system; The lithium battery is also electrically connected to the working fluid pump, compressor, fan, refrigerator, and water pump to meet the energy demand during the startup process of the hydrogenation system and improve the energy efficiency of the hydrogenation system.

[0015] The present invention provides a new type of low-carbon hydrogen production system, which is an integrated system combining methane methanol hydrogen production, photovoltaic power generation hydrogen production, methanation, and carbon capture technology, and can achieve efficient energy utilization and low-carbon emissions. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0016] The following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments: Appendix Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention. Specific Embodiments

[0017] As shown in the figure, a low-carbon hydrogen production system coupling renewable energy and fuel reforming, the low-carbon hydrogen production system includes a power generation system, a hydrogen production system, a hydrogenation system, and a waste heat utilization system; The waste heat utilization system includes a waste heat utilization evaporator, a turbine, a condenser, a working fluid pump, and a lithium battery. The waste heat utilization evaporator has a first inlet, a second inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet. When the waste heat utilization system operates, the liquid working fluid is pressurized by the working fluid pump to form a high-pressure liquid working fluid, which enters the second inlet of the waste heat utilization evaporator. After exchanging heat with the high-temperature hydrogen provided by the hydrogenation system, it evaporates to form a high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid gas. The high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid gas flows out from the second outlet and enters the turbine, driving the turbine to rotate to supply power to the lithium battery. The gas after doing work is liquefied by releasing heat in the condenser and then pressurized by the working fluid pump and transported to the waste heat utilization evaporator to form a working fluid cycle.

[0018] The hydrogen production system provides hydrogen to the hydrogenation system. The hydrogenation system compresses and fills hydrogen to users and utilizes the energy released during the hydrogen compression process to heat the hydrogen, forming high-temperature hydrogen with low-grade heat energy. The waste heat utilization system utilizes the low-grade heat energy formed by the hydrogenation system to generate electricity and supply energy to the hydrogen production system and the hydrogenation system. The liquid working fluid includes media such as water.

[0019] The power generation system utilizes solar energy to generate electricity to supply energy to the hydrogen production system and the hydrogenation system. The power generation system includes a photovoltaic module, an inverter, and a lithium battery. The photovoltaic module converts light energy into electrical energy. The inverter is used to match the voltage. The lithium battery stores the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic module and regulates the fluctuation of the solar power generation.

[0020] The hydrogen production system includes a main hydrogen production circuit and an auxiliary hydrogen production circuit. The auxiliary hydrogen production circuit includes a hydrogen storage part and a hydrogen regeneration part.

[0021] The main hydrogen production circuit includes a SOEC electrolyzer, a water pump, a main hydrogen production circuit heat exchanger a1, a first valve a2 of the main hydrogen production circuit, a main hydrogen production circuit evaporator, a cooler, a main hydrogen production circuit compressor a01, a TSA, a burner, and a second valve a4 of the main hydrogen production circuit. The SOEC electrolyzer has a raw material inlet, an anode outlet, and a cathode outlet. The SOEC electrolyzer consumes electrical energy to convert the combustion high-temperature flue gas into oxygen on the anode side and hydrogen on the cathode side. The main hydrogen production circuit heat exchanger and the main hydrogen production circuit evaporator have a first inlet, a second inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet. Hydrogen flows into the first inlet of the heat exchanger, cools down, and then enters the first inlet of the main hydrogen production circuit evaporator through the valve to recover waste heat and then flows out from the first outlet of the main hydrogen production circuit evaporator. After cooling down by the cooler, it is pressurized by the main hydrogen production circuit compressor and enters the TSA device for purification. The TSA has a first outlet and a second outlet. The purified hydrogen flows out from the first outlet to the main hydrogen production circuit buffer tank to supply hydrogen to the hydrogenation system, and the purge tail gas used for purification flows out from the second outlet to the burner. The water pump pressurizes water and flows it into the second inlet of the main hydrogen production loop heat exchanger. After preheating, it flows out from the second outlet of the main hydrogen production loop heat exchanger, mixes with the oxygen on the anode side of the SOEC, and then enters the burner. The burner has a first inlet and a second inlet. The purge tail gas enters from the second inlet of the burner, and the mixture of water vapor and the oxygen on the anode side of the SOEC enters from the first inlet of the burner. The purge tail gas reacts with oxygen to burn and generate high-temperature water vapor, and the high-temperature water vapor is introduced into the SOEC electrolyzer for hydrogen production through the main hydrogen production loop valve.

[0022] The hydrogen storage part includes an SOEC electrolyzer, a first heat exchanger b1 in the hydrogen storage part, a valve b01 in the hydrogen storage part, a first reactor b001 in the hydrogen storage part, a second heat exchanger b2 in the hydrogen storage part, and a storage tank. The SOEC electrolyzer has a raw material inlet, an anode outlet, and a cathode outlet. The SOEC electrolyzer consumes electrical energy to convert the combustion high-temperature flue gas into oxygen (anode side), hydrogen, and carbon monoxide (cathode side). The first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger in the hydrogen storage part have a first inlet, a second inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet. Hydrogen and carbon monoxide flow into the first inlet of the first heat exchanger in the hydrogen storage part, and after cooling, they flow out from the first outlet of the first heat exchanger in the hydrogen storage part and enter the first reactor in the hydrogen storage part to react to generate a hydrogen storage carrier; the hydrogen storage carrier is methane / methanol; the generated hydrogen storage carrier flows into the first inlet of the second heat exchanger in the hydrogen storage part, and after cooling, it flows into the storage tank for storage from the first outlet of the second heat exchanger in the hydrogen storage part.

[0023] The hydrogen regeneration part includes a storage tank, a first valve c5 in the hydrogen regeneration part, a heat exchanger c3 in the hydrogen regeneration part, a reactor c2 in the hydrogen regeneration part, an evaporator in the hydrogen regeneration part, a cooler, a compressor c1 in the hydrogen regeneration part, a TSA device, a burner, and a second valve c3 in the hydrogen regeneration part. The heat exchanger, the reactor, and the evaporator in the hydrogen regeneration part have a first inlet, a second inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet. The hydrogen storage carrier stored in the storage tank flows into the first inlet of the heat exchanger in the hydrogen regeneration section through the first valve in the hydrogen regeneration section, flows out from the first outlet of the heat exchanger in the hydrogen regeneration section after preheating, then flows into the first inlet of the reactor in the hydrogen regeneration section, and the hydrogen and carbon monoxide generated by the reaction flow out from the first outlet of the reactor in the hydrogen regeneration section. The reaction gas then flows into the second outlet of the heat exchanger in the hydrogen regeneration section, preheats the hydrogen storage carrier, and then flows out from the second outlet of the heat exchanger in the hydrogen regeneration section and enters the first inlet of the evaporator in the hydrogen regeneration section to recover waste heat. After recovering waste heat, the reaction gas flows out from the first outlet of the evaporator, is cooled by the cooler, and then is pressurized by the compressor in the hydrogen regeneration section and sent to the TSA device to purify hydrogen. The purified hydrogen enters the buffer tank c1 in the hydrogen regeneration section for storage and is supplied to the hydrogenation system for hydrogenation; the tail gas generated by purification is sent to the burner to react with oxygen to generate high-temperature water vapor, and the high-temperature water vapor is introduced into the second inlet of the reactor in the hydrogen regeneration section through the second valve in the hydrogen regeneration section to provide energy for hydrogen regeneration. The cooled flue gas flows out from the second outlet of the reactor in the hydrogen regeneration section and is introduced into the SOEC electrolyzer for hydrogen production.

[0024] When the hydrogen production load of the main hydrogen production circuit matches the hydrogenation load, only the main hydrogen production circuit is opened, the first valve a2 and the second valve a4 of the main hydrogen production circuit are opened, and the valve b01 of the hydrogen storage section, the first valve c5 of the hydrogen regeneration section, and the second valve c3 of the hydrogen regeneration section are closed; When the hydrogen production load of the main hydrogen production circuit exceeds the hydrogenation load, the main hydrogen production circuit and the hydrogen storage section of the auxiliary hydrogen production circuit are opened, the valve b01 of the hydrogen storage section, the first valve a2 of the main hydrogen production circuit, and the second valve a4 of the main hydrogen production circuit are opened, and the first valve c5 of the hydrogen regeneration section and the second valve c3 of the hydrogen regeneration section are closed; When the hydrogen production load of the main hydrogen production circuit is insufficient, the main hydrogen production circuit and the hydrogen regeneration section of the auxiliary hydrogen production circuit are opened, the first valve a2 of the main hydrogen production circuit, the first valve c5 of the hydrogen regeneration section, and the second valve c3 of the hydrogen regeneration section are opened, and the valve b01 of the hydrogen storage section and the second valve a4 of the main hydrogen production circuit are closed.

[0025] The hydrogenation system includes a first buffer tank d1 in the hydrogenation system, a compressor d02 in the hydrogenation system, a second buffer tank d2 in the hydrogenation system, a refrigerator in the hydrogenation system, and a filling machine in the hydrogenation system; The buffer tank in the hydrogenation system is used to store the produced hydrogen; the compressor in the hydrogenation system compresses the hydrogen in the first buffer tank in the hydrogenation system into the second buffer tank in the hydrogenation system; the second buffer tank in the hydrogenation system stores high-pressure hydrogen; the refrigerator in the hydrogenation system is used to cool the hydrogen during the filling process to prevent the temperature from being too high due to the heat released by the hydrogen pressure increase; the filling machine in the hydrogenation system is used to fill the on-vehicle hydrogen storage cylinder with hydrogen.

[0026] The turbine is coaxially connected to the working fluid pump. While generating electrical energy, the turbine drives the pump to operate, improving energy efficiency. The waste heat utilization system utilizes the low-grade waste heat of hydrogen to generate electricity and stores the electrical energy in a lithium battery to meet the power consumption requirements of the hydrogen production and hydrogen refueling systems, thereby improving the energy efficiency of the hydrogen refueling system. The lithium battery is also electrically connected to the working fluid pump, compressor, fan, refrigerator, and water pump to meet the energy requirements during the startup process of the hydrogen refueling system and improve the energy efficiency of the hydrogen refueling system.

[0027] Embodiment: In this example, a new type of low-carbon hydrogen production system, the hydrogen refueling station includes a power generation system, a hydrogen production system, a hydrogen refueling system, and a waste heat utilization system. The power generation system uses solar energy to generate electricity to supply the hydrogen production system and the hydrogen refueling system; the hydrogen production system provides hydrogen for the hydrogen refueling system; the hydrogen refueling system compresses and fills hydrogen to users; the waste heat utilization system utilizes the low-grade heat energy of the hydrogen refueling station (hydrogen refueling system) to generate electricity and supplies the hydrogen production system and the hydrogen refueling system, improving the energy efficiency of the hydrogen refueling station system.

[0028] The power generation system includes a photovoltaic module, an inverter, and a lithium battery. The photovoltaic module converts light energy into electrical energy, the inverter is used to match the voltage, and the lithium battery is used to store the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic module and regulate the solar energy fluctuation.

[0029] The hydrogen production system includes a main hydrogen production circuit and an auxiliary hydrogen production circuit.

[0030] The main hydrogen production circuit includes a SOEC electrolyzer, a water pump, a heat exchanger 1, a valve 2, an evaporator, a cooler, a compressor, a TSA, a burner, and a valve 4. The SOEC electrolyzer has a raw material inlet, an anode outlet, and a cathode outlet. The SOEC electrolyzer consumes electrical energy to convert the combustion high-temperature flue gas into oxygen (anode side) and hydrogen (cathode side); the heat exchanger 1 and the evaporator have a first inlet, a second inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet. Hydrogen flows into the first inlet of the heat exchanger 1, is cooled and then enters the first inlet of the evaporator through the valve 2, recovers waste heat and flows out from the first outlet of the evaporator, is cooled by the cooler and then is pressurized by the compressor 1 and enters the TSA for purification; the TSA has a first outlet and a second outlet. The purified hydrogen flows out from the first outlet to the buffer tank 1 to supply hydrogen to the hydrogen refueling system, and the purge tail gas used for purification flows out from the second outlet to the burner. The water pump pressurizes water and flows it into the second inlet of the heat exchanger 1, is preheated and then flows out from the second outlet of the heat exchanger 1, is mixed with the oxygen on the anode side of the SOEC and then enters the burner. The burner has a first inlet and a second inlet. The purge tail gas enters from the second inlet of the burner, and the water vapor and the oxygen on the anode side of the SOEC enter from the first inlet of the burner. The purge tail gas reacts with oxygen to burn and generate high-temperature water vapor, and the high-temperature water vapor is introduced into the SOEC electrolyzer to produce hydrogen through the valve 4.

[0031] The auxiliary hydrogen production loop includes a hydrogen storage section and a hydrogen regeneration section.

[0032] The hydrogen storage section includes an SOEC electrolyzer, heat exchanger 1, valve 1, reactor 1, heat exchanger 2, and a storage tank. The SOEC electrolyzer has a raw material inlet, an anode outlet, and a cathode outlet. The SOEC electrolyzer consumes electrical energy to convert high-temperature combustion flue gas into oxygen (anode side), hydrogen, and carbon monoxide (cathode side); Heat exchanger 1 and heat exchanger 2 have a first inlet, a second inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet. Hydrogen and carbon monoxide flow into heat exchanger 1 from the first inlet, and after cooling, flow out from the first outlet of heat exchanger 1 and enter reactor 1 to react to generate a hydrogen storage carrier (methane / methanol); The generated hydrogen storage carrier flows into heat exchanger 2 from the first inlet, and after cooling, flows into the storage tank for storage from the first outlet of heat exchanger 2.

[0033] The hydrogen regeneration section includes a storage tank, valve 5, heat exchanger 3, reactor 2, evaporator, cooler, compressor 1, TSA, burner, and valve 3. Heat exchanger 3, reactor 2, and the evaporator have a first inlet, a second inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet. The hydrogen storage carrier stored in the storage tank flows into heat exchanger 3 from the first inlet through valve 5, and after preheating, flows out from the first outlet of heat exchanger 3, and then flows into reactor 2 from the first inlet to react to generate hydrogen and carbon monoxide and flow out from the first outlet of reactor 2. The reaction gas then flows into heat exchanger 3 from the second outlet to preheat the hydrogen storage carrier and then flows out from the second outlet of heat exchanger 3 and enters the first inlet of the evaporator to recover waste heat. After recovering waste heat, the reaction gas flows out from the first outlet of the evaporator, is cooled by the cooler, and then is pressurized by compressor 1 and sent to TSA to purify hydrogen. The purified hydrogen enters buffer tank 1 for storage and is supplied to the hydrogenation system for hydrogenation; The tail gas generated from purification is sent to the burner to react with oxygen to generate high-temperature water vapor. The high-temperature water vapor is introduced into the second inlet of reactor 2 through valve 3 to provide energy for hydrogen regeneration. The cooled flue gas flows out from the second outlet of reactor 2 and is introduced into the SOEC electrolyzer for hydrogen production.

[0034] When the hydrogen production load of the main hydrogen production loop matches the hydrogenation load, only the main hydrogen production loop is started, valve 2 and valve 4 are opened, and valve 1, valve 3, and valve 5 are closed; When the hydrogen production load of the main hydrogen production loop exceeds the hydrogenation load, the main hydrogen production loop and the hydrogen storage section of the auxiliary hydrogen production loop are started, valve 1, valve 2, and valve 4 are opened, and valve 3 and valve 5 are closed; When the hydrogen production load of the main hydrogen production loop is insufficient, the main hydrogen production loop and the hydrogen regeneration section of the auxiliary hydrogen production loop are started, valve 2, valve 3, and valve 5 are opened, and valve 1 and valve 4 are closed.

[0035] The hydrogen refueling station system includes buffer tank 1, compressor 2, buffer tank 2, refrigerator, and dispenser. Buffer tank 1 is used to store the produced hydrogen; the compressor compresses the hydrogen in buffer tank 1 into buffer tank 2; buffer tank 2 stores high-pressure hydrogen; the refrigerator is used to cool the hydrogen during the refueling process to prevent the temperature from becoming too high due to the heat released during the pressure reduction of hydrogen; the dispenser is used to refuel the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage cylinder with hydrogen.

[0036] The waste heat utilization system includes an evaporator, a turbine, a condenser, a working fluid pump, and a lithium battery. The evaporator has a first inlet, a second inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet; the liquid working fluid forms high-pressure liquid working fluid after being pressurized by the working fluid pump and enters the second inlet of the evaporator to exchange heat with the high-temperature hydrogen and evaporate to form high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid gas; the high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid gas flows out from the second outlet and enters the turbine to drive the turbine to rotate and supply power to the lithium battery. The gas after doing work is liquefied by releasing heat in the condenser and then pressurized by the working fluid pump and transported to the evaporator to form a working fluid cycle. The liquid working fluid can be a medium such as water.

[0037] The turbine is coaxially connected to the working fluid pump. While the turbine generates electrical energy, it drives the pump to operate, improving the energy efficiency.

[0038] The waste heat utilization system uses the low-grade waste heat of hydrogen to generate electricity and stores the electrical energy in the lithium battery to meet the power consumption requirements of the hydrogen production and hydrogen refueling systems, improving the energy efficiency of the hydrogen refueling station.

[0039] The lithium battery is also electrically connected to the working fluid pump, compressor, fan, refrigerator, and water pump to meet the energy requirements during the startup process of the hydrogen refueling station and improve the energy efficiency of the hydrogen refueling station.

Claims

1. A low-carbon hydrogen production system coupling renewable energy and fuel reforming, characterized in that: The low-carbon hydrogen production system includes power generation system, hydrogen production system, hydrogenation system and waste heat utilization system; The waste heat utilization system includes a waste heat utilization evaporator, a turbine, a condenser, a working fluid pump and a lithium battery. The waste heat utilization evaporator has a first inlet, a second inlet, a first outlet and a second outlet. When the waste heat utilization system is working, the liquid working fluid is pressurized by the working fluid pump to form a high-pressure liquid working fluid and enters the second inlet of the waste heat utilization evaporator. After heat exchange with the high-temperature hydrogen provided by the hydrogenation system, it evaporates to form a high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid gas. The high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid gas flows out from the second outlet and enters the turbine, driving the turbine to rotate and supply power to the lithium battery. The gas after work is liquefied by releasing heat in the condenser, and then is pressurized by the working fluid pump and transported to the waste heat utilization evaporator to form a working fluid circulation.

2. A low-carbon hydrogen production system coupling renewable energy and fuel reforming according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen production system provides hydrogen for the hydrogenation system; the hydrogenation system compresses the hydrogen and fills it to the user, and utilizes the energy released during the hydrogen compression process to heat the hydrogen to form high-temperature hydrogen with low-grade thermal energy; The waste heat utilization system utilizes the low-grade thermal energy generated by the hydrogenation system to generate electricity and supply energy to the hydrogen production system and the hydrogenation system; the liquid working medium includes water medium.

3. A low-carbon hydrogen production system coupling renewable energy and fuel reforming according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power generation system utilizes solar power to power the hydrogen production system and the hydrogen refueling system; the power generation system includes a photovoltaic module, an inverter and a lithium battery; the photovoltaic module converts light energy into electrical energy, the inverter is used to match the voltage, and the lithium battery regulates the fluctuation of solar power generation by storing the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic module.

4. A low-carbon hydrogen production system coupling renewable energy and fuel reforming according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen production system comprises a main hydrogen production circuit and an auxiliary hydrogen production circuit, wherein the auxiliary hydrogen production circuit comprises a hydrogen storage part and a hydrogen regeneration part.

5. A low-carbon hydrogen production system coupling renewable energy and fuel reforming according to claim 4, characterized in that: The main hydrogen production circuit includes a SOEC electrolyzer, a water pump, a main hydrogen production circuit heat exchanger (a1), a main hydrogen production circuit first valve (a2), a main hydrogen production circuit evaporator, a cooler, a main hydrogen production circuit compressor (a01), a TSA, a burner and a main hydrogen production circuit second valve (a4); The SOEC electrolyzer has a raw material inlet, an anode outlet and a cathode outlet. The SOEC electrolyzer converts the combustion high-temperature flue gas into oxygen on the anode side and hydrogen on the cathode side by consuming electrical energy; the main hydrogen production circuit heat exchanger and the main hydrogen production circuit evaporator have a first inlet, a second inlet, a first outlet and a second outlet. Hydrogen flows in from the first inlet of the heat exchanger, enters the first inlet of the main hydrogen production circuit evaporator through a valve after cooling, and recovers waste heat, flows out from the first outlet of the main hydrogen production circuit evaporator, and is pressurized by the main hydrogen production circuit compressor after cooling in the cooler and enters the TSA device for purification; The TSA has a first outlet and a second outlet. The purified hydrogen flows out from the first outlet to the main hydrogen production loop buffer tank to supply hydrogen to the hydrogenation system, and the purge tail gas used for purification flows out from the second outlet to the burner; The water pump pressurizes the water and flows it into the second inlet of the main hydrogen production circuit heat exchanger, and after preheating, it flows out from the second outlet of the main hydrogen production circuit heat exchanger and mixes with the oxygen on the anode side of the SOEC and then enters the burner; The burner has a first inlet and a second inlet. The purge tail gas enters the burner from the second inlet. The water vapor and the oxygen on the anode side of the SOEC are mixed and enter the burner from the first inlet. The purge tail gas reacts with the oxygen and burns to generate high-temperature water vapor. The high-temperature water vapor is introduced into the SOEC electrolyzer through the main hydrogen production circuit valve to produce hydrogen.

6. A low-carbon hydrogen production system coupling renewable energy and fuel reforming according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydrogen storage part includes a SOEC electrolyzer, a first heat exchanger (b1) of the hydrogen storage part, a valve (b01) of the hydrogen storage part, a first reactor (b001) of the hydrogen storage part, a second heat exchanger (b2) of the hydrogen storage part, and a storage tank; The first heat exchanger of the hydrogen storage part and the second heat exchanger of the hydrogen storage part have a first inlet, a second inlet, a first outlet and a second outlet. Hydrogen and carbon monoxide flow in from the first inlet of the first heat exchanger of the hydrogen storage part, flow out from the first outlet of the first heat exchanger of the hydrogen storage part after cooling, and enter the first reactor of the hydrogen storage part to react and generate a hydrogen storage carrier; the hydrogen storage carrier is methane / methanol; the generated hydrogen storage carrier flows in from the first inlet of the second heat exchanger of the hydrogen storage part, and flows into the storage tank from the first outlet of the second heat exchanger of the hydrogen storage part after cooling to be stored.

7. A low-carbon hydrogen production system coupling renewable energy and fuel reforming according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydrogen regeneration part includes a storage tank, a first valve (c5) of the hydrogen regeneration part, a heat exchanger (c3) of the hydrogen regeneration part, a reactor (c2) of the hydrogen regeneration part, an evaporator of the hydrogen regeneration part, a cooler, a compressor (c1) of the hydrogen regeneration part, a TSA device, a burner and a second valve (c3) of the hydrogen regeneration part; The hydrogen regeneration section heat exchanger, the hydrogen regeneration section reactor and the hydrogen regeneration section evaporator have a first inlet, a second inlet, a first outlet and a second outlet; The hydrogen storage carrier stored in the storage tank flows into the first inlet of the hydrogen regeneration part heat exchanger through the first valve of the hydrogen regeneration part, flows out from the first outlet of the hydrogen regeneration part heat exchanger after preheating, and then flows into the first inlet of the hydrogen regeneration part reactor. The hydrogen and carbon monoxide generated by the reaction flow out from the first outlet of the hydrogen regeneration part reactor. The reaction gas flows into the second outlet of the hydrogen regeneration part heat exchanger again. After the hydrogen storage carrier is preheated, it flows out from the second outlet of the hydrogen regeneration part heat exchanger and enters the first inlet of the hydrogen regeneration part evaporator to recover the waste heat. The reaction gas after the waste heat is recovered The flue gas flows out from the first outlet of the evaporator and is cooled by the cooler. It is then pressurized by the compressor of the hydrogen regeneration part and sent to the TSA equipment to purify the hydrogen. The purified hydrogen enters the buffer tank (c1) of the hydrogen regeneration part for storage and supply to the hydrogenation system for hydrogenation. The tail gas generated by the purification is sent to the burner to react with oxygen and burn to generate high-temperature water vapor. The high-temperature water vapor is introduced into the second inlet of the hydrogen regeneration part reactor through the second valve of the hydrogen regeneration part to provide energy for hydrogen regeneration. The cooled flue gas flows out from the second outlet of the hydrogen regeneration part reactor and is introduced into the SOEC electrolyzer for hydrogen production.

8. A low-carbon hydrogen production system coupling renewable energy and fuel reforming according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the hydrogen production load of the main hydrogen production circuit matches the hydrogenation load, only the main hydrogen production circuit is opened, the first valve (a2) of the main hydrogen production circuit and the second valve (a4) of the main hydrogen production circuit are opened, and the valve (b01) of the hydrogen storage part, the first valve (c5) of the hydrogen regeneration part and the second valve (c3) of the hydrogen regeneration part are closed; When the hydrogen production load of the main hydrogen production circuit exceeds the hydrogenation load, the hydrogen storage parts of the main hydrogen production circuit and the auxiliary hydrogen production circuit are opened, the hydrogen storage part valve (b01), the first valve (a2) of the main hydrogen production circuit and the second valve (a4) of the main hydrogen production circuit are opened, and the first valve (c5) of the hydrogen regeneration part and the second valve (c3) of the hydrogen regeneration part are closed; When the hydrogen production load of the main hydrogen production circuit is insufficient, open the hydrogen regeneration parts of the main hydrogen production circuit and the auxiliary hydrogen production circuit, open the first valve (a2) of the main hydrogen production circuit, the first valve (c5) of the hydrogen regeneration part and the second valve (c3) of the hydrogen regeneration part, and close the valve (b01) of the hydrogen storage part and the second valve (a4) of the main hydrogen production circuit.

9. A low-carbon hydrogen production system coupling renewable energy and fuel reforming according to claim 7, characterized in that: The hydrogenation system comprises a first buffer tank (d1) of the hydrogenation system, a compressor (d02) of the hydrogenation system, a second buffer tank (d2) of the hydrogenation system, a refrigerator of the hydrogenation system and a filling machine of the hydrogenation system; The hydrogenation system buffer tank is used to store the produced hydrogen; the hydrogenation system compressor compresses the hydrogen in the first buffer tank of the hydrogenation system into the second buffer tank of the hydrogenation system; the second buffer tank of the hydrogenation system stores high-pressure hydrogen; the hydrogenation system refrigerator is used to cool the hydrogen during the filling process to prevent the hydrogen from increasing pressure and releasing heat, resulting in excessive temperature; the hydrogenation system filling machine is used to fill the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage bottle with hydrogen.

10. A low-carbon hydrogen production system coupling renewable energy and fuel reforming according to claim 1, characterized in that: The turbine is coaxially connected to the working fluid pump, and the turbine generates electrical energy while driving the pump to operate, thereby improving energy efficiency; The waste heat utilization system utilizes the low-grade waste heat of hydrogen to generate electricity, and stores the electricity in lithium batteries to meet the electricity demand of the hydrogen production and hydrogenation systems, so as to improve the energy efficiency of the hydrogenation system; The lithium battery is also electrically connected to a working fluid pump, a compressor, a fan, a refrigerator and a water pump to meet the energy demand during the start-up process of the hydrogenation system and improve the energy efficiency of the hydrogenation system.

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