Sky-sky-ground integration-based dynamic monitoring and evaluation method for cowfish resources

Abstract

The invention discloses an air-sky-ground integration-based dynamic monitoring and evaluation method for a cowfish resource. The method comprises the following steps of 1, constructing an air-sky-ground monitoring system of an activity area of cowfishes in the Yangtze River; 2, revealing a space-time distribution rule of the Yangtze River cowfish resources; 3, constructing a Yangtze River cowfish resource dynamic evaluation model coupled with bait, hydrology, hydrodynamic force and human activity factors; 4, key factors influencing the number of the Yangtze River cowfish populations are recognized; 5, predicting a resource evolution rule of the Yangtze River finless guinea pigs under the multi-factor comprehensive action, and providing an artificial protection and resource recovery strategy of the population number of the Yangtze River finless guinea pigs; the method disclosed by the invention accurately reveals the resource change of the cowfish under the action of multiple factors, comprehensively improves the monitoring and protection level of the cowfish in the Yangtze River, and provides technical support for the long-term sustainable development of cowfish populations and the protection and restoration of the ecological system in the Yangtze River.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical fields of ecological protection, biodiversity protection, and biological monitoring, and particularly relates to a method for dynamically monitoring and evaluating finless porpoise resources based on the integration of space-air-ground. Background Art

[0002] The Yangtze finless porpoise (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis) is a flagship species unique to the Yangtze River and is known as the "ecological barometer". The population size and distribution dynamics of the finless porpoise directly reflect the health status of the Yangtze River ecosystem. Due to multiple human activities such as intensified water pollution, habitat destruction, increased shipping, and illegal fishing, the population of finless porpoises has decreased sharply and is on the verge of functional extinction. However, with the implementation of the Yangtze River protection policy, including measures such as "ten-year fishing ban", the population of finless porpoises has shown a positive trend of stopping the decline and rising, but the recovery process still faces multiple challenges such as habitat fragmentation and increased ecological pressure. To consolidate the protection effect and reveal the population dynamic law, it is urgent to construct a set of efficient dynamic monitoring systems and resource evaluation methods to timely master the changes of finless porpoise resources, quantify the impact of human activities, and formulate scientific protection and restoration strategies, providing technical support for the sustainable development of the Yangtze River ecosystem.

[0003] Although certain explorations have been made on the protection technology for finless porpoises, the existing monitoring and evaluation means still have significant shortcomings and are difficult to meet the actual needs. On the one hand, the monitoring means are single. Traditional on-site observations consume a large amount of manpower and material resources, have a limited coverage range and low efficiency, and it is difficult to obtain the activity data of finless porpoises that are scattered and highly concealed; remote sensing technology is suitable for large-scale monitoring, but it is difficult to achieve real-time tracking and accurate dynamic monitoring of finless porpoises; acoustic monitoring can collect the sound signals of finless porpoises, but the coverage range is small and the data processing ability is insufficient. On the other hand, the evaluation method is lacking. At present, the evaluation mainly stays at the static description level, lacking the quantitative analysis of the comprehensive effects of multiple factors such as "bait - hydrology - hydrodynamic - human activities". Especially under the interference of human activities, it is difficult to reveal the dynamic evolution law of finless porpoise resources. The above deficiencies lead to the lack of scientific basis for protection strategies and are difficult to effectively respond to complex ecological interferences. There is an urgent need for an integrated dynamic monitoring and evaluation system to accurately reveal the changes of finless porpoise resources under the action of multiple factors and provide strong support for scientific protection. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above deficiencies and provide a method for dynamically monitoring and evaluating finless porpoise resources based on the integration of space-air-ground, so as to accurately reveal the changes of finless porpoise resources under the action of multiple factors, comprehensively improve the monitoring and protection level of the Yangtze finless porpoise, and provide strong support for scientific protection.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for dynamic monitoring and evaluation of finless porpoise resources based on air-space-ground integration, which includes the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Construction of an air-space-ground monitoring system for the activity areas of the finless porpoises in the Yangtze River;

[0007] Step 2: Revealing the spatio-temporal distribution law of the finless porpoise resources in the Yangtze River;

[0008] Step 3: Constructing a dynamic evaluation model for the finless porpoise resources in the Yangtze River that couples bait, hydrology, hydrodynamic, and human activity factors;

[0009] Step 4: Identifying the key factors affecting the population quantity of the finless porpoises in the Yangtze River;

[0010] Step 5: Predicting the resource evolution law of the finless porpoises in the Yangtze River under the comprehensive action of multiple factors, and proposing artificial protection and resource restoration strategies for the population quantity of the finless porpoises in the Yangtze River.

[0011] Further, in Step 1, the air-space-ground monitoring system includes:

[0012] 1.1) Satellite remote sensing monitoring: Using satellite remote sensing technology to macroscopically identify the activity range of the finless porpoises in the Yangtze River and obtain information on the shape and length of the river channel water system;

[0013] 1.2) UAV cruise monitoring: Using the water surface aerial photography technology of UAV swarms to finely obtain the activity trajectory images of the finless porpoises in local waters and divide the activity areas of the finless porpoises in the Yangtze River;

[0014] 1.3) Water surface flow monitoring: Using hydrophones, video monitoring, and human observation means to collect data such as the acoustic signals of the finless porpoises, the water surface behaviors of the finless porpoises, and the appearance times of the finless porpoises in each divided water area;

[0015] 1.4) Habitat characteristic monitoring: Collecting bait data, hydrological data, hydrodynamic data, and human activity data in the activity areas of the finless porpoises in the Yangtze River.

[0016] Further, the specific process of Step 2 is as follows:

[0017] Based on the monitoring data of the appearance times, cumulative appearance times, and appearance positions of the finless porpoises in each divided water area, combined with the appearance time of the finless porpoises and their activity behavior characteristics, analyze the activity rules of the finless porpoises in the Yangtze River to clarify their main activity hotspots; at the same time, analyze their high-frequency time periods and typical behavior patterns of activities, and reveal the spatio-temporal distribution law of the finless porpoises' activities through statistical analysis.

[0018] Further, the activity behavior characteristics include aggregation characteristics, playing behaviors, feeding behaviors, resting behaviors, and cub-rearing behaviors.

[0019] Further, the specific process of step 3 is as follows:

[0020] A dynamic assessment model of the Yangtze finless porpoise resources that couples bait, hydrology, hydrodynamic, and human activity factors is constructed using the negative binomial regression method. The covariates include bait data, hydrological data, hydrodynamic data, and human activity data. To improve the complexity and applicability of the model, interaction terms and non-linear features are further introduced to reveal the complex relationships between multiple factors and their comprehensive impact on the finless porpoise resources. The expression of the dynamic assessment model of the Yangtze finless porpoise resources is as follows:

[0021]

[0022] In the formula: μ i is the number of occurrences of the Yangtze finless porpoise in the i-th sample; β 0 , β 1 …, β p are the regression coefficients of each covariate; γ jk is the coefficient of the interaction term between covariates j and k; x ip is the value of the p-th covariate in the i-th sample; x ij , x ik are the values of covariates j and k in the i-th sample respectively. The covariates include indicators related to bait, hydrology, hydrodynamic, and human activities.

[0023] Further, the specific process of step 4 is as follows: To solve the problem of multicollinearity among covariates in the dynamic assessment model of the Yangtze finless porpoise resources constructed in step 3 and improve the prediction accuracy of the model, the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) is used to screen out the optimal model, identify the key factors affecting the population quantity of the Yangtze finless porpoise, and quantify the influence degree of each key factor on the population quantity of the Yangtze finless porpoise.

[0024] Further, step 4 specifically includes the following steps:

[0025] 4.1) Construction of candidate models: Based on the covariates determined in step 3 and their possible interactions, multiple candidate models are constructed. The candidate models differ in variable selection and complexity;

[0026] 4.2) Model fitting and parameter estimation: The negative binomial regression method is used to fit each candidate model, and the log-likelihood function value L(θ) and related parameters of the model are calculated;

[0027] 4.3) Calculation of AIC value: According to the Akaike Information Criterion formula:

[0028] AIC = 2K - 2lnL(θ)

[0029] Calculate the AIC value of each candidate model, where K is the number of model parameters; lnL(θ) is the value of the log-likelihood function of the model;

[0030] 4.4) Model comparison and screening: Compare the AIC values of all candidate models. The smaller the AIC value, the better the fitting effect and the lower the complexity of the model; Select the model with the smallest AIC value as the optimal model;

[0031] 4.5) Identification of key factors: By analyzing the covariates and their regression coefficients in the optimal model, determine the key factors that have a significant impact on the population quantity of the Yangtze finless porpoise, and quantify the degree of their impact.

[0032] Furthermore, the specific process of step 5 is as follows: Draw the response relationship curve between the key habitat factors and the occurrence times of the Yangtze finless porpoise, predict the waters with the highest occurrence probability of the Yangtze finless porpoise, divide the suitable habitat area and non-suitable habitat area of the Yangtze finless porpoise, reveal the spatio-temporal distribution law of the Yangtze finless porpoise under the action of multiple factors, and propose the artificial protection and resource restoration strategies for the Yangtze finless porpoise.

[0033] Furthermore, the artificial protection and resource restoration strategies for the Yangtze finless porpoise include:

[0034] 5.1) The reservoir ecological regulation strategy for creating a suitable habitat area for the finless porpoise;

[0035] 5.2) Measures for alleviating shipping interference: including speed limit for shipping and avoiding key activity areas of the finless porpoise;

[0036] 5.3) Reduce human activity interference within the activity area of the Yangtze finless porpoise.

[0037] Advantages of the present invention:

[0038] 1. By constructing an integrated space-air-ground dynamic monitoring and evaluation system, the present invention breaks through the deficiencies of existing monitoring technologies in terms of real-time performance, coverage, data integration, and multi-factor evaluation capabilities, and significantly improves the monitoring efficiency and evaluation accuracy of finless porpoise resources; This system can not only grasp the population dynamics of finless porpoises and the changes in their habitats in real time, but also effectively reveal the complex impacts of multiple interference factors on finless porpoise resources, providing a scientific basis for the protection and management of the Yangtze River ecosystem; Through the implementation of the present invention, it is possible to better address the difficulties and pain points in the protection of finless porpoise resources and make a positive contribution to achieving ecological balance and sustainable development in the Yangtze River Basin.

[0039] 2. The present invention accurately reveals the changes in finless porpoise resources under the action of multiple factors, comprehensively improves the monitoring and protection level of the Yangtze finless porpoise, and provides technical support for the long-term sustainable development of the finless porpoise population and the protection and restoration of the Yangtze River ecosystem. Description of the Drawings

[0040] Figure 1It is a step flowchart of a dynamic monitoring and evaluation method for finless porpoise resources based on space-air-ground integration;

[0041] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the observation in the monitoring area;

[0042] Figure 3 It is a correlation analysis diagram of the dependent variable matrix of the finless porpoise appearance times model in the Yangtze River;

[0043] Figure 4 It is a forest plot for evaluating the optimal model parameters of S+P+T;

[0044] Figure 5 It is a fitting diagram of the finless porpoise appearance times and bait types in the Yangtze River;

[0045] Figure 6 It is a fitting diagram of the finless porpoise appearance times and shipping volume in the Yangtze River;

[0046] Figure 7 It is a fitting diagram of the finless porpoise appearance times and water temperature in the Yangtze River. Specific implementation manner

[0047] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0048] Example 1: As Figures 1 to 5 shown, this example provides a dynamic monitoring and evaluation method for finless porpoise resources based on space-air-ground integration, aiming to comprehensively improve the monitoring and protection level of finless porpoises in the Yangtze River. By combining technical means such as satellite remote sensing, UAV cruising, and underwater acoustic monitoring equipment, a space-air-ground integrated comprehensive monitoring system covering the activity areas of finless porpoises in the Yangtze River is developed to achieve multi-dimensional real-time monitoring of the activity range of finless porpoises and the characteristics of their habitats. Based on the monitoring data, the main activity hotspots of finless porpoises are accurately identified, and the spatio-temporal distribution law of finless porpoise resources in the Yangtze River is deeply revealed. Further collect key indicators such as bait types, hydrological conditions, hydrodynamic characteristics, and human activities in the suitable habitats of finless porpoises in the Yangtze River, and construct a dynamic evaluation model of finless porpoise resources that couples "bait - hydrology - hydrodynamics - human activities" factors. Through this model, the key factors affecting the change of finless porpoise resources are identified, and the resource evolution trend under the combined action of multiple human activities and environmental factors is predicted. Finally, an artificial conservation strategy for improving finless porpoise resources based on scientific prediction is proposed. This example takes space-air-ground technology as the core and systematically integrates various monitoring methods, which not only greatly improves the monitoring accuracy and efficiency but also provides comprehensive scientific support for the evaluation and protection of the suitable habitats of finless porpoises in the Yangtze River. The steps are as follows:

[0049] Step 1: Construction of a space-air-ground monitoring system for the activity areas of finless porpoises in the Yangtze River;

[0050] Step 2: Revealing the spatio-temporal distribution law of finless porpoise resources;

[0051] Step 3: Construct a dynamic assessment model for the resources of the Yangtze finless porpoise that couples the "bait - hydrology - hydrodynamic - human activity" factors;

[0052] Step 4: Identify the key factors affecting the population size of the Yangtze finless porpoise;

[0053] Step 5: Predict the resource evolution law of the Yangtze finless porpoise under the comprehensive action of multiple factors, and propose strategies for artificial protection and resource restoration of the population size of the Yangtze finless porpoise;

[0054] In Step 1, the space - air - ground monitoring system includes:

[0055] a) Satellite remote sensing monitoring: Use satellite remote sensing technology to macroscopically identify the activity range of the Yangtze finless porpoise and obtain information such as the shape and length of the river channel water system;

[0056] b) UAV cruise monitoring: Use the technology of UAV group aerial photography over water to finely obtain the image of the activity trajectory of the Yangtze finless porpoise in local waters and divide the activity areas of the Yangtze finless porpoise;

[0057] c) Surface flow monitoring: Use hydrophones, video monitoring and human observation means to collect data such as the acoustic signals of the Yangtze finless porpoise, the above - water behaviors of the Yangtze finless porpoise and the appearance times of the Yangtze finless porpoise in each divided water area.

[0058] d) Habitat characteristic monitoring: Collect bait data, hydrological data, hydrodynamic data and human activity data in the activity areas of the Yangtze finless porpoise.

[0059] In Step 2, based on the monitoring data such as the appearance times, cumulative appearance times, and appearance locations of the Yangtze finless porpoise in each divided water area, combined with the appearance time of the finless porpoise and its activity behavior characteristics, including aggregation characteristics, playing behaviors, feeding behaviors, resting behaviors and cub - caring behaviors, etc., analyze the activity rules of the Yangtze finless porpoise to clarify its main activity hotspots. At the same time, analyze its high - frequency time periods and typical behavior patterns of activities, and reveal the spatio - temporal distribution rules of the activities of the Yangtze finless porpoise through statistical analysis.

[0060] In Step 3, a dynamic assessment model of the Yangtze finless porpoise resources coupling "bait - hydrology - hydrodynamic - human activities" factors is constructed using the Negative Binomial (NB) regression method. The covariates include bait data (such as bait abundance, bait species, and bait size, etc.), hydrological data (water temperature, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, pH value, and seasonal variations, etc.), hydrodynamic data (flow velocity, flow rate, water depth, turbulence intensity, and flow direction, etc.), and human activity data (such as light intensity, noise level, shipping quantity, shipping density, and shoreline development intensity, etc.). An example of the data file variables in the model is shown in Table 1. To improve the complexity and applicability of the model, interaction terms and non - linear features are further introduced to reveal the complex relationships among multiple factors and their comprehensive impacts on the finless porpoise resources. The expression of the dynamic assessment model of the Yangtze finless porpoise resources is as follows:

[0061]

[0062] Where: μ i is the number of occurrences of the Yangtze finless porpoise in the i - th sample; β 0 , β 1 …, β p are the regression coefficients of each covariate; γ jk is the coefficient of the interaction term between covariates j and k; x ip is the value of the p - th covariate in the i - th sample; x ij , x ik are the values of covariates j and k in the i - th sample respectively, and the covariates include indicators related to bait, hydrology, hydrodynamic, and human activities.

[0063] In Step 4, to address the possible multicollinearity problem of the covariates in the dynamic assessment model of the Yangtze finless porpoise resources constructed in Step 3 and improve the prediction accuracy of the model, the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) is used to screen out the optimal model, identify the key factors affecting the population quantity of the Yangtze finless porpoise, and quantify the influence degree of each key factor on the population quantity of the Yangtze finless porpoise. The specific process is as follows:

[0064] 1) Construction of candidate models: Based on the covariates (such as bait, hydrological, hydrodynamic, and human activity data) determined in Step 3 and their possible interactions, multiple candidate models are constructed, and the candidate models differ in variable selection and complexity.

[0065] 2) Model fitting and parameter estimation: Use the negative binomial regression method to fit each candidate model, and calculate the log - likelihood function value L(θ) and related parameters of the model.

[0066] 3) Calculation of AIC values: According to the Akaike Information Criterion formula

[0067] AIC = 2K - 2lnL(θ)

[0068] Calculate the AIC value for each candidate model, where K is the number of model parameters; lnL(θ) is the value of the log-likelihood function of the model.

[0069] 4) Model comparison and screening: Compare the AIC values of all candidate models. The smaller the AIC value, the better the fitting effect and the lower the complexity of the model. Select the model with the smallest AIC value as the optimal model.

[0070] 5) Identification of key factors: By analyzing the covariates and their regression coefficients in the optimal model, determine the key factors that have a significant impact on the population quantity of the Yangtze finless porpoise, and quantify the degree of their impact.

[0071] In step 5, draw the response relationship curve between the key habitat factors and the occurrence times of the Yangtze finless porpoise, predict the waters with the highest occurrence probability of the Yangtze finless porpoise, divide the suitable and unsuitable habitats of the Yangtze finless porpoise, reveal the spatio-temporal distribution law of the Yangtze finless porpoise under the action of multiple factors, and propose the artificial protection and resource restoration strategies for the Yangtze finless porpoise. The artificial protection and resource restoration strategies include:

[0072] a) The reservoir ecological operation strategy for creating a suitable habitat for the finless porpoise;

[0073] b) Measures to mitigate shipping interference, such as shipping speed limits and avoiding key activity areas of the finless porpoise;

[0074] c) Reducing human activity interference within the activity areas of the Yangtze finless porpoise.

[0075] Table 1 Variables of the data file for the negative binomial regression model

[0076]

[0077] Example 2: The Yangtze finless porpoise is mainly distributed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, with Dongting Lake, Poyang Lake and the main stream of the Yangtze River as its main activity ranges. Taking the Yangtze finless porpoise in the Yichang section of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River as an example, a specific calculation example is provided herein to illustrate the monitoring and evaluation method involved in the present invention. The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0078] 1. Combine satellite remote sensing monitoring, unmanned aerial vehicle cruise monitoring, surface flow monitoring and habitat characteristic monitoring to develop a comprehensive monitoring system covering the activity areas of the Yangtze finless porpoise for real-time collection of the activity ranges, environmental parameters and relevant data of the Yangtze finless porpoise (see Table 2). Obtain key information including spatial distribution, environmental characteristics and dynamic behaviors through multi-level monitoring means.

[0079] 2. Based on the analysis of the monitoring data, the main activity hotspots of the Yangtze finless porpoise are concentrated in the river section about 15 kilometers from downstream of the Gezhouba Water Control Project to Yanzhi Dam (seeFigure 2 ) Among them, the area about 3 km from the Gezhouba Dam downstream to the Zhixi Yangtze River Bridge is the core habitat where the finless porpoises are active. The results show that the finless porpoises in the Yangtze River prefer the nearshore waters with slower flow velocity, rich bait resources and less human activity interference, and are particularly more active in the confluence area of the main stream and tributaries of the Yangtze River.

[0080] 3. A dynamic assessment model of the finless porpoise resources in the Yangtze River that couples the "bait - hydrology - hydrodynamic - human activity" factors is constructed by using the negative binomial regression method (NB). The covariates include the bait type (S), hydrological data (water temperature (T), turbidity (TU), dissolved oxygen (DO), and pH (PH), etc.), hydrodynamic data (flow velocity (U) and water depth (D), etc.), and the shipping volume (P). The observed occurrence times of the finless porpoises in the Yangtze River are defined as Time (Table 2).

[0081] 4. To identify the key factors affecting the population quantity of the finless porpoises in the Yangtze River and quantify the influence degree of each key factor on the population quantity of the finless porpoises in the Yangtze River. The AIC criterion is used to screen out the optimal model. As can be seen from Table 3, the model with the bait type (S), the shipping volume (P), and the water temperature (T) as independent variables has the lowest AIC value and is the optimal model.

[0082] 5. From the coefficient estimation values of each factor in the optimal model, it can be found that Figure 4 As can be seen, the water temperature (T) has a significant influence on the occurrence times of the finless porpoises in the Yangtze River (P < 0.05) ( Figure 7 ), the bait type (S) ( Figure 5 ) and the shipping volume (P) ( Figure 6 ) have a highly significant influence on the occurrence times of the finless porpoises in the Yangtze River (P < 0.01). With the increase in the bait type, the occurrence times of the finless porpoises in the Yangtze River increase significantly. For every 1 - type increase in the bait type, the probability of the occurrence times of the finless porpoises in the Yangtze River increases by 16.2%; the occurrence times of the finless porpoises in the Yangtze River decrease with the increase in the shipping volume. For every 1 - ship - increase in the shipping volume, the probability of the occurrence times of the finless porpoises in the Yangtze River decreases by 16.9%; the water temperature is inversely proportional to the occurrence times of the finless porpoises in the Yangtze River. For every 1 - °C increase in the water temperature, the probability of the occurrence times of the finless porpoises in the Yangtze River decreases by 2.9%.

[0083] Table 2 Variables of the data file of the negative binomial regression model

[0084]

[0085] Table 3 Model selection based on the Akaike information criterion (AIC)

[0086]

[0087] Note: w i = EXP(-0.5Δ i AIC) / [EXP(-0.5Δ1 AIC)+EXP(-0.5Δ 2 AIC)+EXP(-0.5Δ 3 AIC)+EXP(-0.5Δ 4 AIC)],w i is the model weight, w j is the optimal model weight.

[0088] The above embodiments are only the preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be regarded as limitations on the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention should be the technical solutions recorded in the claims, including the equivalent replacement solutions of the technical features in the technical solutions recorded in the claims. That is, equivalent replacement improvements within this scope are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamic monitoring and evaluation method for finless porpoise resources based on air-space-ground integration, characterized by: It includes the following steps: Step 1: Establish an air-space-ground monitoring system for the Yangtze River finless porpoise activity area; Step 2: Reveal the temporal and spatial distribution patterns of Yangtze River finless porpoise resources; Step 3: Construct a dynamic assessment model for Yangtze River porpoise resources that couples factors such as bait, hydrology, hydrodynamics, and human activities; Step 4: Identify the key factors affecting the population size of Yangtze finless porpoises; Step 5: Predict the resource evolution pattern of Yangtze finless porpoise under the combined influence of multiple factors, and propose artificial protection and resource recovery strategies for the Yangtze finless porpoise population.

2. The method for dynamic monitoring and evaluation of finless porpoise resources based on air-space-ground integration according to claim 1 is characterized by: In step 1, the air-space-ground monitoring system includes: 1.1) Satellite remote sensing monitoring: Use satellite remote sensing technology to macroscopically identify the activity range of Yangtze River finless porpoises and obtain information on the shape and length of the river system; 1.2) Drone patrol monitoring: Use drone swarm aerial photography technology to obtain precise images of the activity tracks of Yangtze River finless porpoises in local waters and divide the activity areas of Yangtze River finless porpoises into different zones; 1.3) Water surface flow monitoring: using hydrophones, video monitoring and manual observation to collect data on Yangtze River finless porpoise acoustic signals, Yangtze River finless porpoise aquatic behavior and the number of Yangtze River finless porpoise appearances in each sub-area water area; 1.4) Habitat characteristics monitoring: Collect data on food, hydrology, hydrodynamics and human activities in the Yangtze River porpoise activity area.

3. The method for dynamic monitoring and evaluation of finless porpoise resources based on air-space-ground integration according to claim 1 is characterized by: Step 2: Based on the monitoring data of the number of Yangtze finless porpoise appearances, the cumulative number of appearances, and the locations of appearances in the waters of each division, combined with the appearance time of the finless porpoises and the characteristics of their activity behaviors, the activity patterns of the Yangtze finless porpoises were analyzed to identify their main activity hotspots. At the same time, the high-frequency time periods and typical behavior patterns of their activities were analyzed, and the temporal and spatial distribution patterns of the Yangtze finless porpoises' activities were revealed through statistical analysis.

4. The method for dynamic monitoring and evaluation of finless porpoise resources based on air-space-ground integration according to claim 3 is characterized by: The activity behavior characteristics include group characteristics, playing behavior, feeding behavior, resting behavior and child-rearing behavior.

5. The method for dynamic monitoring and evaluation of finless porpoise resources based on air-space-ground integration according to claim 1 is characterized by: The specific process of step 3 is as follows: The negative binomial regression method was used to construct a dynamic assessment model for Yangtze River finless porpoise resources that coupled bait, hydrology, hydrodynamics, and human activity factors. The covariates included bait data, hydrological data, hydrodynamic data, and human activity data. In order to improve the complexity and applicability of the model, interaction terms and nonlinear characteristics were further introduced to reveal the complex relationship between multiple factors and their comprehensive impact on finless porpoise resources. The dynamic assessment model for Yangtze River finless porpoise resources is expressed as follows: Where: μ i is the number of occurrences of Yangtze River porpoises in the i-th sample; β0,β1…,β p is the regression coefficient of each covariate; jk is the coefficient of the interaction term between covariates j and k; x ip is the value of the pth covariate in the ith sample; x ij ,x ik are the values ​​of covariates j and k in the ith sample, respectively. The covariates include indicators related to bait, hydrology, hydrodynamics and human activities.

6. The method for dynamic monitoring and evaluation of finless porpoise resources based on air-space-ground integration according to claim 1 is characterized by: The specific process of step 4 is as follows: In order to solve the multicollinearity problem of covariates in the dynamic assessment model of Yangtze finless porpoise resources constructed in step 3 and improve the prediction accuracy of the model, the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) is used to screen out the optimal model, identify the key factors affecting the population size of Yangtze finless porpoises, and quantify the impact of each key factor on the population size of Yangtze finless porpoises.

7. The method for dynamic monitoring and evaluation of finless porpoise resources based on air-space-ground integration according to claim 6 is characterized by: The step 4 specifically comprises the following steps: 4.1) Construction of candidate models: Based on the covariates identified in step 3 and their possible interactions, multiple candidate models are constructed. The candidate models differ in variable selection and complexity. 4.2) Model fitting and parameter estimation: Use negative binomial regression method to fit each candidate model and calculate the log-likelihood function value L(θ) and related parameters of the model; 4.3) Calculation of AIC value: According to the Akaike Information Criterion formula: AIC=2K-2lnL(θ) Calculate the AIC value of each candidate model, where K is the number of model parameters; lnL(θ) is the log-likelihood function value of the model; 4.4) Model comparison and screening: Compare the AIC values ​​of all candidate models. The smaller the AIC value, the better the model fit and the lower the complexity. Select the model with the smallest AIC value as the optimal model. 4.5) Identification of key factors: By analyzing the covariates and their regression coefficients in the optimal model, the key factors that have a significant impact on the population size of Yangtze finless porpoises are determined and their impact is quantified.

8. The method for dynamic monitoring and evaluation of finless porpoise resources based on air-space-ground integration according to claim 1 is characterized by: The specific process of step 5 is as follows: draw the response relationship curve between key habitat factors and the number of occurrences of Yangtze finless porpoises, predict the waters with the highest probability of occurrence of Yangtze finless porpoises, divide the Yangtze finless porpoises into suitable and unsuitable areas, reveal the spatiotemporal distribution patterns of Yangtze finless porpoises under the influence of multiple factors, and propose strategies for artificial protection and resource restoration of Yangtze finless porpoises.

9. The method for dynamic monitoring and evaluation of finless porpoise resources based on air-space-ground integration according to claim 8 is characterized by: The strategies for artificial protection and resource recovery of Yangtze River dolphins include: 5.1) Reservoir ecological regulation strategy to create a suitable habitat for finless porpoises; 5.2) Measures to mitigate shipping interference: including speed limits and avoiding key activity areas of finless porpoises; 5.3) Reduce human interference in the Yangtze River porpoise activity area.

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