Simulation analysis method for rainfall runoff and accumulated water of transformer substation site

Abstract

The invention relates to a transformer substation site rainfall runoff and ponding simulation analysis method which comprises the following steps: S1, completing hydraulic modeling in transformer substation project site rainfall runoff and ponding simulation analysis based on an AUTOCAD platform; wherein in the hydraulic modeling stage, a substation project site model, a substation project drainage system model, a substation project underlying surface parameter model and a substation project rain condition model are integrated; in the technical model aspect, an initial loss model and a runoff volume model are established; s2, based on the SWIM5.1 calculation core, hydraulic simulation in transformer substation project site rainfall runoff and ponding simulation analysis is carried out. According to the method, the ponding condition and ponding curve data in the ponding point time period can be quantitatively analyzed. Therefore, actual effects of different design schemes are compared in real time, the design schemes can be optimized more effectively based on accurate data, and the problem of field ponding is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of environmental engineering and science and technology, and more specifically, relates to a simulation analysis method for rainwater runoff and water accumulation at a transformer substation site. Background Art

[0002] A substation is a place in the power system that transforms voltage and current, receives electric energy, and distributes electric energy. Generally speaking, substations have the characteristics of small footprint, large hardened site area, and densely arranged equipment foundations and pipe trenches protruding from the ground. With the obvious increase in the frequency and intensity of rainstorms in recent years, the drainage load of substations is too large, the pressure on waterlogging management in the station has increased, and the problem of waterlogging has become increasingly prominent. Waterlogging in substations can cause a series of hazards, such as: waterlogging in substations can easily cause uneven settlement of the foundation and equipment foundations in the station, damage to power facilities, reduced insulation performance of electrical equipment, increased risk of equipment short circuit and leakage, and even equipment damage in severe cases, affecting the normal power supply of the substation.

[0003] Since the treatment of water accumulation problems at substation sites involves the substation site, drainage system, equipment foundation, land use type, rainfall data, and coordinated planning of multiple disciplines and the entire life cycle, there is a large deviation between the existing theoretical design solutions and the actual treatment of water accumulation situations.

[0004] Based on this, it is urgent to propose a simulation analysis method for rainwater runoff and water accumulation in substation sites. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the main purpose of the present invention is to propose a simulation analysis method for rainwater runoff and water accumulation in a substation site, so as to solve the technical problem that the treatment of water accumulation in the substation site involves multi-professional and overall planning of the entire life cycle, resulting in a large deviation between the existing theoretical design scheme and the actual treatment of water accumulation.

[0006] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a method for simulating and analyzing rainwater runoff and water accumulation at a substation site, the method comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step S1: Based on the AUTOCAD platform, complete the hydraulic modeling of the substation project site rainwater runoff and waterlogging simulation analysis, including:

[0009] Step S11: obtaining site design elevation model data of the substation project, substation road network elevation model data, substation equipment foundation elevation line data, and substation trench bottom elevation line data, and superimposing the above data to construct a real digital elevation model after the substation project is completed; obtaining a terrain condition map corresponding to the substation project, and identifying the elevation information data in the map; and establishing a substation project site model based on the real digital elevation model and the elevation information data;

[0010] Step S12: Acquire drainage pipeline data of the substation project and drainage facility data located at the nodes of the drainage pipeline, wherein the drainage pipeline includes a closed pipeline and aqueduct, and establish a drainage system model of the substation project;

[0011] Step S13: Obtain the type and parameters of the underlying surface of the substation project, and establish a parameter model of the underlying surface of the substation project;

[0012] Step S14: Obtain meteorological data at the location of the substation and establish a rainfall model for the substation project;

[0013] Step S15: setting a hierarchical technical model, including: an initial loss model and a runoff volume model;

[0014] Step S16: dividing and defining watershed zones based on the substation project site model and the substation project underlying surface parameter model, associating the watershed zones with the substation project drainage system model, and completing the hydraulic modeling;

[0015] Step S2: Based on the SWIM5.1 computing core, hydraulic simulation of rainwater runoff and ponding simulation analysis of the substation project site is performed, including:

[0016] Step S21: establishing an infiltration capacity curve of the substation site, and calculating the flow rate according to the rainfall model, the infiltration capacity curve, and the soil moisture content of the site before rainfall;

[0017] Step S22: Calculate the head loss of the closed pipeline and the water aqueduct;

[0018] Step S23: Simulate the rainwater runoff and water accumulation at the substation site under different rainfall models and generate a video file.

[0019] Preferably, in the step S11, the elevation information is converted from contour data and elevation point data in a terrain condition map;

[0020] The method used for the contour data conversion includes: any one of the following: root-by-root definition method, group definition method, group search definition method, search definition method, and Z-value line to contour method;

[0021] The method adopted for transforming the elevation point data includes: any one of the following methods: text recognition method, input elevation point method, attribute block definition method, Z value object conversion to elevation point method, node elevation definition method, and lead-out annotation definition method.

[0022] Preferably, in step S12, the drainage pipe data include: pipe closure, pipe position and size; the drainage facility data include: rainwater inlet position and size, sand settling tank position and size, flow pipe trough position and size, curb opening position and size, infiltration well position and size, and abandonment well position and size.

[0023] Preferably, in step S13, the underlying surface types include: building roofs, roads, green spaces, and water bodies; the underlying surface parameters include: building roof permeability coefficient, building roof convergence velocity, road permeability coefficient, road drainage capacity, green space water vapor evaporation coefficient, green space permeability coefficient, water surface evaporation coefficient, and water body capacity.

[0024] Preferably, in step S14, the method adopted for establishing the rainfall model of the substation includes: setting the rainfall duration and rainfall time interval, and automatically generating a rainfall pattern time series using a computer program; setting a rainstorm intensity formula to generate a short-duration rainfall pattern; reading an existing txt or Excel format rainfall pattern file to generate a corresponding rainfall pattern; and generating a rainfall pattern using the same multiple amplification ratio.

[0025] Preferably, in step S15, the initial loss model is used to evaluate the rainfall that does not participate in the formation of surface runoff under the rain type model conditions; and the runoff volume model is used to evaluate the rainfall that participates in the formation of surface runoff under the rain type model conditions.

[0026] Preferably, in step S15, the initial loss model includes a permeable surface volume model; the runoff volume model includes a runoff generation model, and the runoff generation model is used to evaluate the rainfall entering the drainage system model.

[0027] Preferably, in step S15, the runoff volume model is a SWMM runoff model, and the permeable surface volume model is a Horton or Green-Ampt permeable surface volume model.

[0028] Preferably, in step S22, the head loss of the closed pipeline is calculated using the following formula:

[0029]

[0030] Among them, h f is the pipeline head loss; D is the pipeline diameter; Q is the pipeline flow rate; L is the pipe length; C is the Hezen-William roughness coefficient;

[0031] Or, use the following formula:

[0032]

[0033] Among them, h f is the pipeline head loss; λ is the resistance coefficient; l is the pipeline length; g is the gravity acceleration; D is the pipeline diameter; v is the flow velocity in the pipe; Re is the Reynolds number; and e is the Kolbrock roughness coefficient.

[0034] Preferably, in step S22, the head loss of the water aqueduct is calculated using the following formula:

[0035]

[0036] Where Q is the flow rate; t is the time; s is the distance from the fixed section of the waterway along the flow path; A is the cross-sectional area; v is the flow velocity; g is the gravitational acceleration; h is the water depth; i is the source term; J f is the head loss.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0038] (1) The present invention provides a simulation analysis method for rainwater runoff and water accumulation at a substation site. During the design stage of a substation project, the method simulates rainwater runoff and water accumulation data at the substation site in advance based on the actual design plan of the project, and puts the problem of water accumulation prevention and control in advance. At the same time, it solves the problems of insufficient optimization of the design plan and deviation between the design plan and the actual construction effect, and solves the water accumulation problem from the design source;

[0039] (2) The present invention provides a simulation analysis method for rainwater runoff and water accumulation at a substation site, which combines traditional substation project design with digital simulation analysis, through hydraulic modeling and hydraulic simulation. The hydraulic modeling stage integrates the substation project site model, the substation project drainage system model, the substation project underlying surface parameter model, and the substation project rainfall model; in terms of technical models, an initial loss model and a runoff volume model are established, laying the foundation for hydraulic simulation under rainy scenarios;

[0040] At the same time, during the hydraulic simulation stage, the infiltration capacity curve of the substation site is established, and the flow rate is calculated based on the rainfall model, the infiltration capacity curve, and the moisture content of the soil before rainfall; and the head loss of the closed pipeline and the water aqueduct is calculated; through the simulation of rainfall under different meteorological conditions, the digital modeling and calculation analysis of the design scheme, the water accumulation situation and the water accumulation curve data within the time period of the water accumulation point are quantitatively analyzed. In this way, the actual effects of different design schemes can be compared in real time, and relying on accurate data, the design scheme can be more effectively optimized and the water accumulation problem on the site can be effectively solved.

[0041] (3) The present invention provides a simulation analysis method for rainwater runoff and water accumulation at a substation site, which comprehensively considers design parameters such as the substation site, drainage system, equipment foundation, land use type, rainfall data, etc., comprehensively considers the design plan and subsequent construction deviation problems, creates a full-professional hydraulic model, and uses the SWIM5.1 computing core to perform simulation analysis and calculation, thereby realizing quantitative analysis of water accumulation points in the substation site under different meteorological conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the operating steps of a method for simulating and analyzing rainwater runoff and water accumulation at a substation site according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods. However, the following examples are only simplified examples of the present invention and do not represent or limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the claims.

[0044] As attached Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a simulation analysis method for rainwater runoff and water accumulation in a substation site, the method comprising the following steps:

[0045] Step S1: Based on the AUTOCAD platform, complete the hydraulic modeling of the substation project site rainwater runoff and waterlogging simulation analysis, including:

[0046] Step S11: obtaining site design elevation model data of the substation project, substation road network elevation model data, substation equipment foundation elevation line data, and substation trench bottom elevation line data, and superimposing the above data to construct a real digital elevation model after the substation project is completed; obtaining a terrain condition map corresponding to the substation project, and identifying the elevation information data in the map; and establishing a substation project site model based on the real digital elevation model and the elevation information data;

[0047] Step S12: Acquire drainage pipeline data of the substation project and drainage facility data located at the nodes of the drainage pipeline, wherein the drainage pipeline includes a closed pipeline and aqueduct, and establish a drainage system model of the substation project;

[0048] Step S13: Obtain the type and parameters of the underlying surface of the substation project, and establish a parameter model of the underlying surface of the substation project;

[0049] Step S14: Obtain meteorological data at the location of the substation and establish a rainfall model for the substation project;

[0050] Step S15: setting a hierarchical technical model, including: an initial loss model and a runoff volume model;

[0051] Step S16: dividing and defining watershed zones based on the substation project site model and the substation project underlying surface parameter model, associating the watershed zones with the substation project drainage system model, and completing the hydraulic modeling;

[0052] Step S2: Based on the SWIM5.1 computing core, hydraulic simulation of rainwater runoff and ponding simulation analysis of the substation project site is performed, including:

[0053] Step S21: establishing an infiltration capacity curve of the substation site, and calculating the flow rate according to the rainfall model, the infiltration capacity curve, and the soil moisture content of the site before rainfall;

[0054] Step S22: Calculate the head loss of the closed pipeline and the water aqueduct;

[0055] Step S23: Simulate the rainwater runoff and water accumulation at the substation site under different rainfall models and generate a video file.

[0056] Specifically, the flow equation of the rainfall runoff basin that changes with time is derived from the basic differential equation of groundwater movement in the unsaturated zone, and the calculation formula for the surface and underground runoff flow time is derived. Based on this, a flow calculation method for the basin is established that organically links the infiltration capacity curve, the rainfall model of unstable rainfall intensity that changes with time, and the previous soil moisture content, thereby solving the way to calculate the flow rate of the basin using the infiltration capacity curve. The water movement in the unsaturated zone is described here by the Richards equation:

[0057]

[0058] in:

[0059] θ is the soil water content (volume water content); t is time; K(θ) is the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, which is a function of soil water content; ψ is the soil water potential (matrix potential); z is the vertical coordinate (usually positive upwards); is the gradient operator.

[0060] Runoff generation usually includes two main mechanisms: when the rainfall intensity exceeds the soil infiltration capacity, the excess water forms surface runoff; water infiltrates downward through the soil layer, replenishing groundwater and forming underground runoff.

[0061] The flow equation for surface runoff can be expressed as:

[0062] Q s =PI (2);

[0063] in:

[0064] Q sis the surface runoff; P is the rainfall intensity; I is the soil infiltration, and the soil infiltration I can be calculated by the Green-Ampt model.

[0065] The flow equation for groundwater runoff can be derived from the simplified Richards equation. Assuming that the rise of groundwater level is related to the change of soil moisture content, it can be expressed as:

[0066]

[0067] Among them, Q g is the underground runoff; h is the water head, h=ψ+z.

[0068] Specifically, SWIM (Soil and Water Integrated Model) is a model used to simulate the hydrological process and water quality changes in a watershed. SWIM5.1 is its computing core, responsible for executing the main computing tasks of the model.

[0069] As a preferred embodiment, in the step S11, the elevation information is converted from contour data and elevation point data in the terrain condition map;

[0070] The method used for the contour data conversion includes: any one of the following: root-by-root definition method, group definition method, group search definition method, search definition method, and Z-value line to contour method;

[0071] The method adopted for transforming the elevation point data includes: any one of the following methods: text recognition method, input elevation point method, attribute block definition method, Z value object conversion to elevation point method, node elevation definition method, and lead-out annotation definition method.

[0072] As a preferred embodiment, in step S12, the drainage pipe data include: pipe closure, pipe position and size; the drainage facility data include: rainwater inlet position and size, sand settling tank position and size, flow pipe trough position and size, curb opening position and size, infiltration well position and size, and abandonment well position and size.

[0073] As a preferred implementation, in step S13, the underlying surface types include: building roofs, roads, green spaces, and water bodies; the underlying surface parameters include: building roof permeability coefficient, building roof confluence velocity, road permeability coefficient, road drainage capacity, green space water vapor evaporation coefficient, green space permeability coefficient, water surface evaporation coefficient, and water body capacity.

[0074] As a preferred implementation, in step S14, the method adopted for establishing the rainfall model of the substation includes: setting the rainfall duration and rainfall time interval, and automatically generating a rainfall pattern time series using a computer program; setting a rainstorm intensity formula to generate a short-duration rainfall pattern; reading an existing txt or Excel format rainfall pattern file to generate a corresponding rainfall pattern; and generating a rainfall pattern using the same multiple amplification ratio.

[0075] As a preferred embodiment, in step S15, the initial loss model is used to evaluate the rainfall that does not participate in the formation of surface runoff under the rain type model conditions; the runoff volume model is used to evaluate the rainfall that participates in the formation of surface runoff under the rain type model conditions.

[0076] Specifically, the initial loss model: the part of rainfall that does not participate in the formation of runoff, such as interception, initial wetting and filling in the initial stage of rainfall, is called initial loss. For high-intensity urban rainfall, the impact of initial loss on runoff generation is small, but for smaller rainfall or catchment areas with a low proportion of impervious surfaces, its impact is greater.

[0077] Specifically, the runoff volume model: the runoff generation process is the loss process of heavy rain. When the rainfall is greater than the interception and filling volume, and the rainfall intensity exceeds the infiltration rate, water begins to accumulate on the ground and form surface runoff. This process is described by the runoff generation model.

[0078] As a preferred embodiment, in step S15, the initial loss model includes a permeable surface volume model; the runoff volume model includes a runoff generation model, and the runoff generation model is used to evaluate the rainfall entering the drainage system model.

[0079] As a preferred implementation, in step S15, the runoff volume model is a SWMM runoff model, and the permeable surface volume model is a Horton model or a Green-Ampt model.

[0080] Specifically, SWMM (Storm Water Management Model) is a computer model used to simulate rainwater runoff in urban drainage systems. The SWMM model predicts the amount and quality of water in the drainage system by simulating the rainfall-runoff process. Its core is to divide the entire catchment area into several catchment zones and simulate them according to the surface characteristics of each catchment zone (such as permeability, depression storage, etc.). When using the SWMM model, it is necessary to define the width of the catchment zone and the Manning roughness coefficient of the site, and calculate the runoff for each surface of the catchment zone. The SWMM runoff model can determine how much rainfall enters the drainage system through the catchment area.

[0081] Specifically, the Horton model is an empirical formula that mainly considers the initial infiltration capacity of the soil and the decay process of the infiltration rate over time. It assumes that the infiltration capacity of the soil will gradually decrease over time until it reaches a stable state. The formula of the Horton model is:

[0082] f=fc+(f0-fc)·e -kt (4);

[0083] Where f is the infiltration rate at any time, f0 is the initial infiltration rate, fc is the steady infiltration rate, k is the decay coefficient, and t is time.

[0084] The Green-Ampt model is based on capillary theory and takes into account the effects of soil capillary action and gravity on the infiltration process. The formula of the Green-Ampt model is:

[0085] I=[K·(th / k)] / [1+h / (φ·S)] (5);

[0086] Where I is the infiltration rate, k is the saturated hydraulic conductivity of the soil, t is the time, h is the ponding depth, φ is the porosity of the soil, and S is the initial water content of the soil.

[0087] As a preferred implementation, in step S22, the head loss of the closed pipeline is calculated using the following formula:

[0088]

[0089] Among them, h f is the pipeline head loss (m); D is the pipeline diameter (m); Q is the pipeline flow (m 3 / s); L is the pipe length (m); C is the Hezen-William roughness coefficient;

[0090] Or, use the following formula:

[0091]

[0092] Among them, h f is the pipeline head loss; λ is the resistance coefficient; l is the pipeline length (m); g is the gravity acceleration (m / s 2 ) ; D is the pipe diameter (m); v is the flow velocity in the pipe (m / s); Re is the Reynolds number; e is the Kolbrock roughness coefficient.

[0093] Preferably, in step S22, the head loss of the water aqueduct is calculated using the following formula:

[0094]

[0095] Where Q is the flow rate (m 3 / s); t is time; s is the distance from the fixed section of the waterway along the flow path (m); A is the cross-sectional area (m 2 ); v is the velocity (m / s); g is the acceleration due to gravity (m / s2); h is the water depth (m); i is the source term (m 3 / s); J f is the head loss (m / s 2 ).

[0096] The applicant declares that the above is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention shall fall within the protection scope and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A simulation analysis method for rainwater runoff and water accumulation at a substation site, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step S1: Based on the AUTOCAD platform, complete the hydraulic modeling in the rainwater runoff and waterlogging simulation analysis of the substation project site, the hydraulic model includes the substation project site model, the substation project drainage system model, the substation project underlying surface parameter model, and the substation project rainfall model; Step S2: Based on the SWIM5.1 computing core, hydraulic simulation of rainwater runoff and ponding simulation analysis of the substation project site is performed, including: Step S21: establishing an infiltration capacity curve of the substation site, and calculating the flow rate according to the rainfall model, the infiltration capacity curve, and the soil moisture content of the site before rainfall; Step S22: Calculate the head loss of the closed pipeline and the water aqueduct; Step S23: Simulate the rainwater runoff and water accumulation at the substation site under different rainfall models and generate a video file.

2. A simulation analysis method for rainwater runoff and water accumulation at a substation site according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S1 comprises: Step S11: obtaining site design elevation model data of the substation project, substation road network elevation model data, substation equipment foundation elevation line data, and substation trench bottom elevation line data, and superimposing the above data to construct a real digital elevation model after the substation project is completed; obtaining a terrain condition map corresponding to the substation project, and identifying the elevation information data in the map; and establishing a substation project site model based on the real digital elevation model and the elevation information data; Step S12: Acquire drainage pipeline data of the substation project and drainage facility data located at the nodes of the drainage pipeline, wherein the drainage pipeline includes a closed pipeline and aqueduct, and establish a drainage system model of the substation project; Step S13: Obtain the type and parameters of the underlying surface of the substation project, and establish a parameter model of the underlying surface of the substation project; Step S14: Obtain meteorological data at the location of the substation and establish a rainfall model for the substation project; Step S15: setting a hierarchical technical model, including: an initial loss model and a runoff volume model; Step S16: dividing and defining watershed zones based on the substation project site model and the substation project underlying surface parameter model, associating the watershed zones with the substation project drainage system model, and completing the hydraulic modeling; In the step S11, the elevation information is obtained by converting the contour data and elevation point data in the terrain condition map; The method used for the contour data conversion includes: any one of the following: root-by-root definition method, group definition method, group search definition method, search definition method, and Z-value line to contour method; The method adopted for transforming the elevation point data includes: any one of the following methods: text recognition method, input elevation point method, attribute block definition method, Z value object conversion to elevation point method, node elevation definition method, and lead-out annotation definition method.

3. The simulation analysis method of rainwater runoff and water accumulation at a substation site according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S12, the drainage pipe data include: pipe closure, pipe position and size; the drainage facility data include: rainwater inlet position and size, sand settling tank position and size, flow pipe trough position and size, curb opening position and size, seepage well position and size, and abandonment well position and size.

4. The simulation analysis method of rainwater runoff and water accumulation at a substation site according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S13, the underlying surface types include: building roofs, roads, green spaces, and water bodies; the underlying surface parameters include: building roof permeability coefficient, building roof convergence velocity, road permeability coefficient, road drainage capacity, green space water vapor evaporation coefficient, green space permeability coefficient, water surface evaporation coefficient, and water body capacity.

5. The simulation analysis method of rainwater runoff and water accumulation at a substation site according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S14, the method adopted for establishing the rainfall model of the substation includes: setting the rainfall duration and rainfall time interval, and automatically generating a rainfall pattern time series using a computer program; setting a rainstorm intensity formula to generate a short-duration rainfall pattern; reading an existing txt or Excel format rainfall pattern file to generate a corresponding rainfall pattern; and generating a rainfall pattern using the same multiple magnification ratio.

6. The simulation analysis method of rainwater runoff and water accumulation at a substation site according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S15, the initial loss model is used to evaluate the rainfall that does not participate in the formation of surface runoff under the rain type model conditions; the runoff volume model is used to evaluate the rainfall that participates in the formation of surface runoff under the rain type model conditions.

7. The method for simulating and analyzing rainwater runoff and water accumulation at a substation site according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S15, the initial loss model includes a permeable surface volume model; the runoff volume model includes a runoff generation model, and the runoff generation model is used to evaluate the rainfall entering the drainage system model.

8. A simulation analysis method for rainwater runoff and water accumulation at a substation site according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the step S15, the runoff volume model is a SWMM runoff model, and the permeable surface volume model is a Horton or Green-Ampt permeable surface volume model.

9. A simulation analysis method for rainwater runoff and water accumulation at a substation site according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S22, the head loss of the closed pipeline is calculated using the following formula: Among them, h f is the pipeline head loss; D is the pipeline diameter; Q is the pipeline flow rate; L is the pipe length; C is the Hezen-William roughness coefficient; Or, use the following formula: Among them, h f is the pipeline head loss; λ is the resistance coefficient; l is the pipeline length; g is the gravity acceleration; D is the pipeline diameter; v is the flow velocity in the pipe; Re is the Reynolds number; and e is the Kolbrock roughness coefficient.

10. A simulation analysis method for rainwater runoff and water accumulation at a substation site according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S22, the head loss of the water aqueduct is calculated using the following formula: Where Q is the flow rate; t is the time; s is the distance from the fixed section of the waterway along the flow path; A is the cross-sectional area; v is the flow velocity; g is the gravitational acceleration; h is the water depth; i is the source term; J f is the head loss.

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