Internet-based electromechanical engineering construction information operation and maintenance management method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses an electromechanical engineering construction information operation and maintenance management method and system based on the Internet, and particularly relates to the technical field of data management. Constructing an initial BIM model based on the design drawing, and generating three-dimensional model data containing equipment geometric information and space coordinates; a three-dimensional laser scanning device or a high-precision positioning sensor is used for obtaining the geometrical morphology and actual coordinates of a real object on site; the collected point cloud data is compared with the initial BIM model through a spatial data matching algorithm, deviation is recognized, the BIM model is automatically updated, and model precision dynamic correction is achieved; binding the updated equipment information and an equipment entity with a two-dimensional code, and synchronously binding an actual position coordinate through an indoor positioning label; uploading the corrected model and equipment information to a cloud operation and maintenance platform to realize information centralized management and multi-terminal sharing; the method improves electromechanical engineering operation and maintenance efficiency and information precision, and has good application value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of data management, and in particular to an Internet-based electromechanical engineering construction information operation and maintenance management method and system. Background Art

[0002] Internet-based electromechanical engineering construction information operation and maintenance management refers to the use of Internet technology to uniformly collect, transmit, analyze and manage various types of information (such as design drawings, construction progress, equipment status, personnel scheduling, etc.) during the electromechanical engineering construction process, and realize the informatization, visualization and intelligent operation and maintenance of the entire construction process. This system not only improves the efficiency of engineering management, but also monitors project dynamics in real time, optimizes resource allocation, ensures construction quality and safety, and provides technical support for the efficient operation of electromechanical engineering.

[0003] The prior art has the following deficiencies: In BIM-based construction and operation and maintenance management, the deviation between model geometry and actual physical dimensions is a serious but easily overlooked problem. Due to the limited accuracy of initial modeling and the accumulation of errors during the construction process, the position of equipment in the BIM model gradually deviates from the actual position. This deviation is particularly obvious in dense or underground spaces, which may cause operation and maintenance personnel to make mistakes or reduce efficiency during navigation, positioning, and disassembly, and in serious cases affect equipment safety and the accuracy of operation decisions. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an Internet-based electromechanical engineering construction information operation and maintenance management method and system to address the deficiencies in the background technology.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an Internet-based electromechanical engineering construction information operation and maintenance management method, comprising: At the beginning of mechanical and electrical engineering construction, the initial BIM model is built based on the design drawings, and 3D model data containing equipment geometry and location information is generated; After the equipment is actually installed, use 3D laser scanning equipment or high-precision positioning sensors to collect data on the construction site to obtain the equipment's true geometric parameters and spatial coordinates; Compare the collected on-site point cloud data with the initial BIM model, identify the deviation between the model and the real object through the spatial data matching algorithm, automatically update the geometry and position information in the BIM model, and realize dynamic correction of model accuracy; Bind the updated device information to the device entity using a QR code, and synchronize the actual location coordinates of the bound device through the indoor positioning tag; Upload the revised BIM model and equipment location information to the cloud operation and maintenance management platform via the Internet; Operation and maintenance personnel use mobile terminals or wearable devices to call the real-time updated BIM model on the cloud platform to obtain equipment positioning and navigation information.

[0006] Preferably, constructing the initial BIM model includes: converting the construction drawings into an editable format that supports BIM modeling, and performing standardization processing according to the building information model to complete parameter definition and spatial positioning modeling of the component family.

[0007] Preferably, obtaining the real geometric parameters and spatial coordinates of the device includes: Use 3D laser scanning equipment to scan the construction site from multiple perspectives, collect high-density point cloud data, and combine RTK-GNSS or UWB tags to obtain the 3D spatial position of the equipment. The point cloud accuracy is controlled within an error of less than 5mm.

[0008] Preferably, the collected on-site point cloud data is compared with the initial BIM model, and the deviation between the model and the real object is identified by a spatial data matching algorithm. Specifically, the point cloud data is assumed to be , where each point Represents the coordinates of a spatial point of a physical object on site; let the target component point set in the BIM model be , where each point Represents the ideal spatial coordinate point of the equipment in the model; The source point cloud P is aligned with the target point cloud Q in the minimum mean square error after transformation. The objective function is: in, is the i-th actual point from the point cloud scan, indicating the physical location of the device, is the i-th point from the BIM model, indicating the preset position in the design model, z is the three-dimensional rotation matrix, indicating the orientation correction of the model in space, t is the three-dimensional translation vector, indicating the overall offset of the model position, and n is the number of matching points.

[0009] Preferably, the algorithm steps include: initializing z=I, t=0; For each point , find the closest point in Q , forming a matching pair; Calculate the optimal z and t of all current point pairs to minimize the error; Iteratively update the point cloud position until convergence or the set number of iterations is reached.

[0010] Preferably, for each set of matching points , the deviation vector is: Deviation modulus It reflects the location difference between the BIM model and the real object; Apply the transformation results z and t to the initial BIM component position, and the updated component coordinates for: ; The system writes the correction results into the BIM platform database to achieve real-time correction of the model's geometry and position.

[0011] Preferably, the deviation threshold ϵ is set, when When a component is found to have high deviation, it will be marked as a high deviation component and a deviation abnormality report will be generated for the engineer to confirm and review.

[0012] Preferably, the absolute position of the device in the X, Y, and Z three-dimensional coordinate system is acquired in real time through the UWB base station ranging algorithm, with an error of no more than 10 centimeters.

[0013] Preferably, the cloud-based operation and maintenance management platform is integrated with the local BIM modeling platform through a RESTful API interface, supports encrypted upload and decryption analysis of model data and equipment attribute data in blocks, and realizes automatic association between BIM components and equipment databases.

[0014] The present invention also provides an Internet-based electromechanical engineering construction information operation and maintenance management system, including a component information initialization module, an on-site point cloud acquisition module, a matching algorithm module, a bit label integration module, a cloud data management module, and an operation and maintenance interaction module; Component information initialization module: In the early stage of mechanical and electrical engineering construction, the initial BIM model is built based on the design drawings, and 3D model data containing equipment geometry and location information is generated; On-site point cloud acquisition module: After the equipment is actually installed, use 3D laser scanning equipment or high-precision positioning sensors to collect data on the construction site to obtain the equipment's true geometric parameters and spatial coordinates; Matching algorithm module: compares the collected on-site point cloud data with the initial BIM model, identifies the deviation between the model and the real object through the spatial data matching algorithm, automatically updates the geometry and position information in the BIM model, and realizes dynamic correction of model accuracy; Position tag integration module: bind the updated device information to the device entity with a QR code, and synchronize the actual location coordinates of the bound device through the indoor positioning tag; Cloud data management module: upload the revised BIM model and equipment location information to the cloud operation and maintenance management platform via the Internet; Operation and maintenance interaction module: Operation and maintenance personnel use mobile terminals or wearable devices to call the real-time updated BIM model in the cloud platform to obtain equipment positioning and navigation information.

[0015] In the above technical solution, the technical effects and advantages provided by the present invention are: 1. The present invention integrates 3D laser scanning, spatial data registration algorithm (such as ICP), QR code identification and UWB positioning technology to establish a BIM dynamic update mechanism for the entire process from design, construction to operation and maintenance. This method solves the problem that the traditional BIM model cannot timely reflect the actual installation status of the equipment during the construction phase. Especially in the face of complex spatial structures or multi-system cross-layout scenarios, the geometric accuracy and spatial consistency of the BIM model are effectively improved through automatic comparison and dynamic correction of point clouds and models. At the same time, the system can automatically identify installation deviations, generate abnormal reports and trigger manual review, greatly reducing the workload of manual surveying and on-site review, and improving the intelligent level of construction information management.

[0016] 2. The present invention realizes the three-dimensional data binding of "equipment component-spatial position-information tag", and cooperates with the cloud platform and mobile terminal calling mechanism to enable operation and maintenance personnel to quickly locate the target equipment and obtain its operating status, maintenance records and operation instructions, greatly improving the efficiency of inspection, emergency repair and maintenance response. It supports multi-terminal access (such as mobile phones, tablets, AR glasses) and three-dimensional visual navigation path push, which is particularly suitable for electromechanical engineering projects in narrow spaces, densely populated equipment or underground areas. By synchronizing the revised BIM model with the operation and maintenance system in real time, the present invention realizes the closed-loop integration of construction and operation and maintenance data, significantly improving the project's operation and maintenance accuracy, safety and overall digital management level. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 The figure is a mind map of the method of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a mind map of the system modules of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1, please refer to Figure 1As shown, the Internet-based electromechanical engineering construction information operation and maintenance management method described in this embodiment includes: At the beginning of mechanical and electrical engineering construction, the initial BIM model is built based on the design drawings, and 3D model data containing equipment geometry and location information is generated; After the equipment is actually installed, use 3D laser scanning equipment or high-precision positioning sensors to collect data on the construction site to obtain the equipment's true geometric parameters and spatial coordinates; Compare the collected on-site point cloud data with the initial BIM model, identify the deviation between the model and the real object through the spatial data matching algorithm, automatically update the geometry and position information in the BIM model, and realize dynamic correction of model accuracy; Bind the updated device information to the device entity using a QR code, and synchronize the actual location coordinates of the bound device through the indoor positioning tag; Upload the revised BIM model and equipment location information to the cloud operation and maintenance management platform via the Internet; Operation and maintenance personnel use mobile terminals or wearable devices to call the real-time updated BIM model on the cloud platform to obtain equipment positioning and navigation information.

[0022] Before the formal start of the mechanical and electrical engineering construction project, the construction of the initial BIM model is carried out based on the approved construction drawings and design data, including: Obtain a complete set of mechanical and electrical engineering design drawings for the project, including floor plans, system diagrams, cross-sections and equipment lists for HVAC, electrical, water supply and drainage, fire protection, weak current and other systems.

[0023] Unify the drawing formats, such as converting PDF, DWG and other formats into editable formats required for BIM modeling (such as formats supported by Revit), and encode and standardize the drawing contents according to national or industry BIM modeling standards (such as GB / T 51269-2017).

[0024] According to the types of electromechanical equipment listed in the design drawings (such as fans, water pumps, power distribution cabinets, lighting fixtures, etc.), the corresponding component families are defined in the BIM platform, and standard dimensions, materials, connection diameters, electrical interfaces and other parameters are set for each component. The parametric modeling method is used to ensure that each equipment component can automatically adjust its shape according to the specific size of the project, which is convenient for subsequent design changes and construction simulation.

[0025] Establish the project's building structure model and electromechanical system model on the BIM platform (such as Autodesk Revit, Bentley AECOsim, etc.), and accurately draw the equipment pipeline path and equipment placement according to the design drawings. In the modeling process, fully consider the building space, the comprehensive direction of the pipeline and the feasibility of equipment installation to avoid cross conflicts (Clash), such as the intersection of hot and cold water pipes, strong and weak cables, ventilation ducts, etc., and use 3D collision detection tools (such as Navisworks) to solve them in advance.

[0026] Each equipment component is given precise geometric dimension information (length, width, height, weight, connection port location, etc.) and spatial position information (X, Y, Z three-dimensional coordinates), and is managed uniformly using a global coordinate system to ensure that the equipment position in the model can be mapped to the on-site construction location.

[0027] If underground equipment or concealed projects are involved, it is also necessary to record the buried depth or installation level of the equipment in the vertical space by setting the elevation value.

[0028] Embed attribute information for each component in the BIM model, including equipment number, specification model, manufacturer, input and output interface parameters, electrical load, control method, maintenance cycle, etc., to ensure that the subsequent operation and maintenance system can directly retrieve relevant data through the model.

[0029] If the device is bound to a QR code later, the device's unique identification ID needs to be preset at this stage to facilitate information tracking and system integration.

[0030] After the initial model is completed, the IFC, RVT or special BIM format file is exported and imported into the collaborative management platform for collaborative use by the construction party, supervision party and operation and maintenance party.

[0031] Establish a model version management mechanism, mark the initial model version as V1.0, and set up subsequent model change and revision processes to support dynamic updates and precision corrections during the construction phase.

[0032] The initial BIM model constructed through the above steps not only reflects the geometric form and layout logic of the electromechanical equipment in the project, but also forms a complete spatial positioning data and basic information database. This model provides a unified data support platform for construction organization, construction simulation, schedule scheduling, operation and maintenance planning, and becomes an important foundation for the full life cycle management of electromechanical engineering.

[0033] After the installation of mechanical and electrical equipment is completed, in order to solve the geometric deviation problem between the BIM model and the actual construction status, it is necessary to conduct high-precision measurement and collection of the spatial position and shape dimensions of the installed equipment on site, which includes the following sub-steps: According to the site environment and measurement accuracy requirements, select appropriate spatial measurement equipment. Commonly used equipment includes: 3D laser scanners (such as FARO, Leica BLK360, etc.) are used to collect point clouds in the entire area; high-precision positioning sensors (such as total stations, RTK-GNSS, UWB locators) are used to obtain the specific coordinates of the equipment; handheld scanning terminals or structured light devices are used to capture the local geometric structure of the equipment. The equipment is calibrated and marked to ensure that the measurement results meet the accuracy requirements (generally the error is required to be less than 5mm).

[0034] The laser scanning equipment is deployed at the construction site, and static scanning is performed in different areas and angles to generate high-density 3D point cloud data including on-site building structures, pipeline systems, and equipment components. Each scanning site should have good viewing angle coverage, and set reference points for subsequent point cloud stitching and coordinate unification.

[0035] Use professional point cloud processing software (such as Cyclone, Recap, Scene, etc.) to register and stitch point cloud data collected from multiple perspectives to generate an overall point cloud model in a unified coordinate system. If the BIM model reference coordinate system has been established at the construction site, the point cloud model is converted to the BIM model coordinate system by setting known reference points to ensure that the measurement data is compatible with the BIM system.

[0036] Identify, segment and 3D fit various equipment areas in the point cloud model, extract the equipment's external contour, geometric parameters (such as length, width, height, circular diameter, interface position) and spatial posture information. Use point cloud and component model matching algorithms (such as ICP algorithms) to fit and compare the actual shape of the equipment with BIM components, and identify the actual installation position of the equipment and the model deviation.

[0037] For each key device, extract the center point coordinates and installation angle (X, Y, Z position + Roll / Pitch / Yaw orientation) in three-dimensional space and store them in a structured data format (such as CSV, JSON or database table). If high-precision UWB positioning or laser total station is used, the positioning point information of key components can be directly collected and mapped to the model.

[0038] Compare the initial BIM model data with the actual collected data, mark the equipment areas where the deviation exceeds the limit, and automatically generate an exception report; the deviation value can be used as the basis for subsequent model correction and responsibility division, and submitted to relevant professional engineers for review and confirmation.

[0039] By introducing high-precision on-site spatial data acquisition methods, we can not only obtain the true geometric dimensions and coordinate information of the equipment after installation, but also provide a reliable basis for subsequent BIM model correction and operation and maintenance data accuracy assurance. This step is particularly suitable for accuracy review before delivery after construction is completed, and can also serve as a technical basis for long-term operation and maintenance status monitoring.

[0040] In order to achieve accurate alignment between the actual equipment position after construction and the virtual components in the initial BIM model, the present invention introduces the ICP iterative closest point algorithm to align the three-dimensional point cloud data obtained by laser scanning with the BIM model geometric data, identify their spatial deviations and realize automatic correction of the BIM model. The specific steps are as follows: Assume the point cloud data is , where each point Represents the coordinates of a spatial point of a physical object on site; let the target component point set in the BIM model be , where each point Represents the ideal spatial coordinate point of the equipment in the model, and n is the total number of data; The goal of the ICP algorithm is to find an optimal rigid body transformation (rotation matrix and the translation vector t ), so that the source point cloud P is aligned with the target point cloud Q with the minimum mean square error after transformation.

[0041] The objective function is: ;in, is the i-th actual point from the point cloud scan, indicating the physical location of the device, is the i-th point from the BIM model, indicating the preset position in the design model, z is the three-dimensional rotation matrix, indicating the orientation correction of the model in space, t is the three-dimensional translation vector, indicating the overall offset of the model position, n is the number of matching points (can be selected through the corresponding relationship), The algorithm steps include: Initialize z=I, t=0; For each point , find the closest point in Q , forming a matching pair; Calculate the optimal z and t of all current point pairs to minimize the error (solved by SVD singular value decomposition); renew ; Repeat the steps until the error converges or the set number of iterations is reached.

[0042] For each set of matching points , the deviation vector is: Deviation modulus It reflects the positional difference between the BIM model and the actual object.

[0043] Apply the transformation results z and t to the initial BIM component position, and the updated component coordinates for: ; The system writes the correction results into the BIM platform database to achieve real-time correction of the model's geometry and position.

[0044] Set the deviation threshold ϵ, when When a component is found to have high deviation, it will be marked as a component to remind manual review. Large components or complex pipe networks can be processed by component blocks to avoid the spread of overall matching errors.

[0045] By applying the ICP spatial matching algorithm, the present invention can efficiently achieve accurate registration of point cloud data and BIM models, not only identifying installation errors, but also automatically completing dynamic corrections of the model, thereby improving the positioning accuracy and reliability of the model in the subsequent operation and maintenance phase. This method is particularly effective in solving the problem of equipment positioning deviation in high-density spaces.

[0046] After completing the BIM model geometry correction and equipment space coordinate update, in order to achieve entity recognition, precise positioning and information visualization management of equipment during the construction and operation and maintenance stages, this step binds the digital information of the equipment with the physical object. Specifically, it includes the following sub-steps: The system automatically generates a unique equipment number (UID) for each equipment component in the updated BIM model and integrates the following key information into an information package: Equipment type and model; Installation location (3D coordinates); Updated geometry; Manufacturer, serial number, installation time; Operation and maintenance cycle and responsible person information; Component ID and database index number in the BIM system.

[0047] Use a QR code encoding engine (e.g., based on the QR Code standard) to encrypt and encode the above device information package to generate a QR code image, which supports fast decoding by mobile terminals; Print or laser engrave the QR code on a corrosion-resistant and weather-resistant physical label (such as metal, self-adhesive or resin material), and fix it to a position where the device is visible and easy to scan by sticking or hanging it according to the device installation environment; The label can be accompanied by brief equipment information and warning signs to enhance on-site identification and safety.

[0048] To achieve real-time positioning of the device in a complex space environment, the following indoor positioning technologies can be used for auxiliary binding: UWB (Ultra-Wideband) Tags: Install UWB electronic tags on key equipment to obtain centimeter-level spatial coordinates by interacting with on-site positioning base stations; RFID / NFC tags: suitable for low-cost positioning and close-range identification; Bluetooth beacon (iBeacon): used for partition positioning and area identification in large spaces.

[0049] The system establishes a database binding relationship between the unique ID of the above-mentioned positioning tag and the device UID, and synchronously transmits the real-time or static coordinate information back to the BIM operation and maintenance platform, forming a three-dimensional binding structure of "equipment number-QR code-positioning coordinates".

[0050] After the QR code and positioning tag are generated, their information will be automatically uploaded to the cloud-based device information management platform and embedded in the corresponding component node in the BIM model; The platform supports scanning and identification of QR codes or positioning signals by mobile terminals, tablets, AR glasses, and other terminals, and real-time access to device digital information and three-dimensional positions.

[0051] Operation and maintenance personnel can quickly access the equipment's installation drawings, maintenance records, repair history and other information by scanning the equipment's QR code with a mobile phone or tablet; In conjunction with the indoor positioning system, the current location of the equipment can be highlighted in the BIM model to guide the maintenance path; if the equipment status is abnormal, the system can push a fault alarm based on the coordinates of the positioning tag to assist in emergency response positioning.

[0052] Through the implementation of this step, a full-link data closed loop from "digital model → physical equipment → spatial location" is realized, which not only improves the on-site visualization and operability of equipment information, but also provides intelligent support for subsequent maintenance, inspection, patrol and other operation and maintenance activities, significantly improving management efficiency and accuracy.

[0053] In order to realize the centralized management and multi-terminal call of equipment information in electromechanical engineering projects, this step will transmit the BIM model data and equipment spatial location information that have been geometrically corrected and positioned to the cloud operation and maintenance management platform via the Internet. This process ensures the traceability of equipment data, interoperability between systems, and real-time data, including: Export the revised BIM model to a common format file that supports multi-platform integration, such as: IFC (Industry Foundation Classes) standard format; RVT (Revit native model format); gbXML or COBie (Construction-Operations Building information exchange) format; integrate equipment geometric properties, 3D space coordinates, QR code identification, positioning tag ID and its real-time location into a structured data table, and store it in XML, JSON or SQL format; establish an index relationship between the model and the database to ensure that each equipment node in the model corresponds to the entity record in the database.

[0054] Use standard network interface protocols such as RESTful API or GraphQL to connect the system with the cloud operation and maintenance management platform; the interface supports functions such as data upload, synchronization, update and verification to ensure real-time push of information after model changes; for large-capacity BIM model data, use block transmission technology (Chunk Upload) and compression transmission mechanism (such as gzip, Brotli) to improve upload efficiency.

[0055] During the upload process, BIM model data and equipment sensitive information are encrypted (such as AES-256) to ensure transmission security; the cloud platform sets access permission control (RBAC or OAuth2) to limit upload operations to users or services with management permissions; all upload operation records are written to the log system to facilitate future auditing and tracing.

[0056] After the cloud platform receives and parses the uploaded data, it automatically deploys the BIM model to the server-side BIM engine (such as Forge Viewer, BIMServer, etc.); it simultaneously writes the device coordinates, QR code identification, and positioning ID into the operation and maintenance database, and connects with the space management, fault handling, and maintenance work order systems in the platform; the system automatically connects the data according to the component index number in the model, that is, when users view the equipment on the platform, they can retrieve its location information, historical data, and operation and maintenance records in real time.

[0057] The uploaded data can be accessed and called in real time by the following terminal devices: Web-based BIM operation and maintenance platform; mobile terminal App (suitable for inspection and emergency repair); AR / VR visualization terminal (augmented reality operation and maintenance); third-party building management system (BAS / BMS); support API interconnection between platforms, making the BIM model a core data source shared by multiple systems, helping to realize the "digital twin" building environment.

[0058] By uploading the corrected BIM model and equipment spatial location information to the cloud-based operation and maintenance management platform, the present invention realizes closed-loop feedback and unified scheduling of field data to the information system, providing strong data support for subsequent remote monitoring, intelligent early warning, maintenance dispatch, operation analysis and other modules, and effectively improving the intelligent and refined management level of engineering projects.

[0059] In order to improve the response speed and operation accuracy of the mechanical and electrical engineering operation and maintenance stage, this step provides a data access mechanism based on the cloud BIM model, so that the operation and maintenance personnel can obtain the real-time location information of the equipment through mobile terminals or wearable devices, and realize navigation positioning and precise operation support. This step includes the following sub-steps: Operation and maintenance personnel are equipped with mobile terminals (such as smartphones, tablets) or wearable devices (such as AR glasses, smart helmets, etc.), all of which support wireless network (Wi-Fi / 5G) and Bluetooth communication; The device is pre-installed with the BIM operation and maintenance platform client or web application, and users can securely access the platform through the identity authentication system (account password, QR code login or face recognition).

[0060] After logging in, the system automatically loads the latest BIM model data of the current project (it can be loaded hierarchically by floor, area or system type to reduce the amount of data); Operation and maintenance personnel can initiate equipment positioning requests in the following ways: manually enter the equipment number or name; scan the equipment physical QR code; click the "Go to Device" navigation button after receiving the fault push notification; after the system receives the request, it quickly locates the corresponding component node through the model index library and retrieves its spatial coordinates.

[0061] The platform highlights the target equipment in the BIM model and calculates the optimal path based on the current spatial location of the operation and maintenance personnel (provided by the terminal positioning module or the indoor UWB / Bluetooth positioning system); The system generates a three-dimensional visual navigation path, annotates the spaces passed through (such as stairs, elevators, passages, and pipe shafts), and presents it in a map-like or immersive (such as AR) interface; If AR devices are used, path guidance can be superimposed on the real scene. Users can operate according to the real scene without looking at the map, which significantly improves spatial perception and work efficiency.

[0062] In addition to navigation information, the platform also displays the following information about the device: Real-time operating status (such as temperature, current, pressure, etc.); maintenance records, fault history, repair suggestions; 3D disassembly and assembly diagrams or operating procedure videos; operation and maintenance personnel can retrieve information while navigating, supporting paperless operations and remote collaboration.

[0063] After completing the inspection or patrol task, the operation and maintenance personnel can upload the maintenance results through the mobile terminal, including: photos of the completed work; text records or voice notes; equipment status changes and abnormal annotations; all operation information will be automatically transmitted back to the cloud platform, bound to the equipment node, and the maintenance log will be updated to form a traceable "timeline operation and maintenance file".

[0064] By constructing a BIM model calling mechanism based on mobile terminals or wearable devices and combining indoor positioning and three-dimensional navigation technology, the present invention significantly improves the positioning accuracy, response speed and operation transparency in the equipment operation and maintenance process. It is particularly suitable for electromechanical engineering environments with complex spatial structures and dense equipment, and is one of the key supporting technologies for the operation and maintenance of intelligent and digital facilities.

[0065] Example 2, please refer to Figure 2 As shown, the Internet-based electromechanical engineering construction information operation and maintenance management system described in this embodiment includes a component information initialization module, an on-site point cloud acquisition module, a matching algorithm module, a bit label integration module, a cloud data management module and an operation and maintenance interaction module; Component information initialization module: In the early stage of mechanical and electrical engineering construction, the initial BIM model is built based on the design drawings, and 3D model data containing equipment geometry and location information is generated; On-site point cloud acquisition module: After the equipment is actually installed, use 3D laser scanning equipment or high-precision positioning sensors to collect data on the construction site to obtain the equipment's true geometric parameters and spatial coordinates; Matching algorithm module: compares the collected on-site point cloud data with the initial BIM model, identifies the deviation between the model and the real object through the spatial data matching algorithm, automatically updates the geometry and position information in the BIM model, and realizes dynamic correction of model accuracy; Position tag integration module: bind the updated device information to the device entity with a QR code, and synchronize the actual location coordinates of the bound device through the indoor positioning tag; Cloud data management module: upload the revised BIM model and equipment location information to the cloud operation and maintenance management platform via the Internet; Operation and maintenance interaction module: Operation and maintenance personnel use mobile terminals or wearable devices to call the real-time updated BIM model in the cloud platform to obtain equipment positioning and navigation information.

[0066] The above formulas are all dimensionless and numerical calculations. The formula is a formula for the most recent real situation obtained by collecting a large amount of data and performing software simulation. The preset parameters in the formula are set by technicians in this field according to actual conditions.

[0067] It should be understood that the term "and / or" in this article is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. A and B can be singular or plural. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship, but it may also indicate an "and / or" relationship. Please refer to the context for specific understanding.

[0068] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0069] The above description is only a specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An Internet-based electromechanical engineering construction information operation and maintenance management method, characterized by: include: At the beginning of mechanical and electrical engineering construction, the initial BIM model is built based on the design drawings, and 3D model data containing equipment geometry and location information is generated; After the equipment is actually installed, use 3D laser scanning equipment or high-precision positioning sensors to collect data on the construction site to obtain the equipment's true geometric parameters and spatial coordinates; Compare the collected on-site point cloud data with the initial BIM model, identify the deviation between the model and the real object through the spatial data matching algorithm, automatically update the geometry and position information in the BIM model, and realize dynamic correction of model accuracy; Bind the updated device information to the device entity using a QR code, and synchronize the actual location coordinates of the bound device through the indoor positioning tag; Upload the revised BIM model and equipment location information to the cloud operation and maintenance management platform via the Internet; Operation and maintenance personnel use mobile terminals or wearable devices to call the real-time updated BIM model on the cloud platform to obtain equipment positioning and navigation information.

2. According to the Internet-based electromechanical engineering construction information operation and maintenance management method of claim 1, it is characterized by: Constructing the initial BIM model includes: converting the construction drawings into an editable format that supports BIM modeling, standardizing them according to the building information model, and completing the parameter definition and spatial positioning modeling of the component family.

3. The method for operation and maintenance management of electromechanical engineering construction information based on the Internet according to claim 1, characterized in that: Obtaining the real geometric parameters and spatial coordinates of the device includes: Use 3D laser scanning equipment to scan the construction site from multiple angles, collect high-density point cloud data, and combine RTK-GNSS or UWB tags to obtain the 3D spatial position of the equipment. The point cloud accuracy is controlled within an error of less than 5mm.

4. The method for operation and maintenance management of electromechanical engineering construction information based on the Internet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collected on-site point cloud data is compared with the initial BIM model, and the deviation between the model and the real object is identified through the spatial data matching algorithm. Specifically, the point cloud data is , where each point Represents the coordinates of a spatial point of a physical object on site; let the target component point set in the BIM model be , where each point Represents the ideal spatial coordinate point of the equipment in the model; The source point cloud P is aligned with the target point cloud Q in the minimum mean square error after transformation. The objective function is: ;in, is the i-th actual point from the point cloud scan, indicating the physical location of the device, is the i-th point from the BIM model, indicating the preset position in the design model, z is the three-dimensional rotation matrix, indicating the orientation correction of the model in space, t is the three-dimensional translation vector, indicating the overall offset of the model position, and n is the number of matching points.

5. The method for operation and maintenance management of electromechanical engineering construction information based on the Internet according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The algorithm steps include: initializing z=I, t=0; For each point , find the closest point in Q , forming a matching pair; Calculate the optimal z and t of all current point pairs to minimize the error; Iteratively update the point cloud position until convergence or the set number of iterations is reached.

6. The method for operation and maintenance management of electromechanical engineering construction information based on the Internet according to claim 5 is characterized by: For each set of matching points , the deviation vector is: Deviation modulus It reflects the location difference between the BIM model and the real object; Apply the transformation results z and t to the initial BIM component position, and the updated component coordinates for: ; The system writes the correction results into the BIM platform database to achieve real-time correction of the model's geometry and position.

7. The method for operation and maintenance management of electromechanical engineering construction information based on the Internet according to claim 6 is characterized by: Set the deviation threshold ϵ, when >ϵ, it is marked as a high deviation component and a deviation exception report is generated for engineer confirmation and review.

8. The method for operation and maintenance management of electromechanical engineering construction information based on the Internet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The UWB base station ranging algorithm is used to obtain the absolute position of the device in the X, Y, and Z three-dimensional coordinate system in real time, with an error of no more than 10 cm.

9. The method for operation and maintenance management of electromechanical engineering construction information based on the Internet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cloud-based operation and maintenance management platform is integrated with the local BIM modeling platform through the RESTful API interface, supports encrypted upload and decryption analysis of model data and equipment attribute data, and realizes automatic association between BIM components and equipment databases.

10. An Internet-based electromechanical engineering construction information operation and maintenance management system, used to implement an Internet-based electromechanical engineering construction information operation and maintenance management method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: It includes component information initialization module, on-site point cloud acquisition module, matching algorithm module, bit label integration module, cloud data management module and operation and maintenance interaction module; Component information initialization module: In the early stage of mechanical and electrical engineering construction, the initial BIM model is built based on the design drawings, and 3D model data containing equipment geometry and location information is generated; On-site point cloud acquisition module: After the equipment is actually installed, use 3D laser scanning equipment or high-precision positioning sensors to collect data on the construction site to obtain the equipment's true geometric parameters and spatial coordinates; Matching algorithm module: compares the collected on-site point cloud data with the initial BIM model, identifies the deviation between the model and the real object through the spatial data matching algorithm, automatically updates the geometry and position information in the BIM model, and realizes dynamic correction of model accuracy; Position tag integration module: bind the updated device information to the device entity with a QR code, and synchronize the actual location coordinates of the bound device through the indoor positioning tag; Cloud data management module: upload the revised BIM model and equipment location information to the cloud operation and maintenance management platform via the Internet; Operation and maintenance interaction module: Operation and maintenance personnel use mobile terminals or wearable devices to call the real-time updated BIM model in the cloud platform to obtain equipment positioning and navigation information.

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