Modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device and underwater vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of underwater vehicles, in particular to a modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device and an underwater vehicle. The modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device comprises a plurality of power unit sets, a plurality of pressure reduction units and a flow guide assembly, each power unit set comprises a plurality of power units, each power unit is provided with a first storage cavity, and the first storage cavity is used for storing liquid carbon dioxide; the plurality of pressure reduction units are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of power unit groups, each pressure reduction unit is provided with a pressure reduction chamber, the pressure reduction chambers selectively communicate with the corresponding first storage chambers, and the pressure reduction chambers of the plurality of pressure reduction units communicate with one another; the flow guide assembly is provided with a first air inlet and a first air outlet, the first air inlet communicates with at least one of the multiple pressure reduction cavities, and the first air outlet communicates with the water ballast space. The modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device is small in occupied space, safe, efficient and high in drainage capacity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of underwater vehicles, and in particular to a modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device and an underwater vehicle. Background Art

[0002] At present, when accidents such as rudder jamming, water ingress, and depth drop occur in underwater vehicles, it is necessary to quickly drain a part of the stored seawater within a short time to provide positive buoyancy and achieve the safe floating of the underwater vehicle. Currently, the main solutions adopted by medium and large-sized underwater vehicles are compressed air drainage devices or high-temperature gas drainage devices. As the working depth of underwater vehicles gradually increases, the compressed air drainage is greatly affected by backpressure, and the drainage capacity decreases significantly; the gases such as carbon monoxide and hydrogen generated by high-temperature gas drainage have the potential hazard of secondary combustion and are also not conducive to safety. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device and an underwater vehicle, which solves the technical problem of large space occupation of the drainage device. The modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device occupies a small space, is safe and efficient, and has a strong drainage capacity.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the main technical solutions adopted by this application include: In a first aspect, an embodiment of this application provides a modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device, including a plurality of power unit groups, a plurality of pressure reducing units, and a diversion assembly. Each power unit group includes a plurality of power units, and each power unit has a first storage chamber for storing liquid carbon dioxide; a plurality of pressure reducing units correspond to the plurality of power unit groups one by one, each pressure reducing unit has a pressure reducing chamber, and the pressure reducing chamber can be selectively communicated with the corresponding first storage chamber, and the pressure reducing chambers of the plurality of pressure reducing units communicate with each other; the diversion assembly has a first air inlet and a first air outlet, the first air inlet is communicated with at least one of the plurality of pressure reducing chambers, and the first air outlet is communicated with a ballast tank.

[0005] For the modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device proposed in the embodiment of this application, the plurality of power unit groups correspond to the plurality of pressure reducing units one by one, forming a modular design. Each module occupies a small space and is suitable for narrow spaces. The modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device can be set in places with small space according to needs, saving the space occupied by the modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device.

[0006] Moreover, the drainage capacity of the device can be adjusted by adjusting the working time interval between each power unit group, achieving the goal of adjusting the drainage capacity according to the working conditions. The liquid carbon dioxide working medium used in this application has a very low cost itself and can be used again after filling, with low maintenance and guarantee costs.

[0007] Optionally, a plurality of the pressure reducing units include a first pressure reducing unit, and the first pressure reducing unit is connected to the diversion assembly through a diversion pipe; in the direction from the first pressure reducing unit to the diversion assembly, the diversion pipe includes a first section and a second section connected in sequence. One end of the first section away from the second section communicates with the pressure reducing chamber of the first pressure reducing unit, one end of the second section away from the first section communicates with the first air inlet, and the inner diameter of the first section is greater than the inner diameter of the second section.

[0008] In the above solution, since the inner diameter of the second section is smaller than that of the first section, the carbon dioxide decompressed in the pressure reducing chamber enters the second section through the first section, the flow resistance of the carbon dioxide increases, and the flow velocity of the carbon dioxide decreases, which is beneficial to reducing heat transfer and thus improving the drainage efficiency of supercritical carbon dioxide.

[0009] Optionally, the second section defines a first diversion channel, and a partition is provided in the second section to divide the first diversion channel into two first sub-diversion channels. The partition has a plurality of through holes arranged at intervals, and the through holes communicate the two first sub-diversion channels.

[0010] In the above solution, the through holes on the partition reduce the flow velocity of the carbon dioxide, which is beneficial to further improving the drainage efficiency of supercritical carbon dioxide.

[0011] Optionally, the diameter of the through hole is d, satisfying: 3mm ≤ d ≤ 5mm.

[0012] In the above solution, it can enable the carbon dioxide to pass through quickly and can play a certain blocking role on the impurities or participating substances generated by incomplete combustion of the medicament.

[0013] Optionally, the diversion pipe further includes a third section. One end of the third section in the length direction is connected to the second section, and the other end is connected to the first air inlet of the diversion assembly. The inner diameter of the third section is greater than the inner diameter of the second section.

[0014] In the above solution, since the inner diameter of the third section is greater than that of the second section, the carbon dioxide enters the third section from the second section, further expands in volume, and the flow velocity further decreases, thereby further reducing the rate of heat exchange between the carbon dioxide and water and improving the drainage efficiency of the carbon dioxide gas.

[0015] Optionally, the inner diameter of the third section is d1, and the inner diameter of the second section is d2, satisfying: 1 ≤ d1 / d2 ≤ 1.5. So that the carbon dioxide can expand fully in the third section, thereby further reducing the rate of heat exchange between the carbon dioxide and water and improving the drainage efficiency of the carbon dioxide gas.

[0016] Optionally, the outer periphery of the cross-section of each of the power units is configured as a regular hexagon.

[0017] In the above solution, the outer peripheral walls of any two adjacent power units with regular hexagon outer peripheries are in surface contact, reducing the gap between two adjacent power units and the space occupied by the power unit group.

[0018] Optionally, each of the power unit groups further includes a connecting plate, on which a plurality of mounting holes are provided. The plurality of mounting holes correspond to the plurality of power units one by one. One end of each power unit is connected to the pressure reducing unit, and the other end is cooperatively connected to the mounting hole, and the mounting hole is a regular hexagon hole.

[0019] In the above solution, the regular hexagon mounting holes can reduce the rotation of the power unit, thereby reducing the leakage of liquid carbon dioxide in the power unit.

[0020] Optionally, the modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device further includes an excitation member, which is arranged in the first storage chamber. The excitation member is configured to receive a control signal and generate heat, so that the liquid carbon dioxide is converted into high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide after absorbing heat.

[0021] In the above solution, the excitation agent can be communicatively connected to an external control unit. After receiving the excitation signal from the control unit, the excitation agent undergoes a chemical reaction, thereby generating heat, and the liquid carbon dioxide is converted into high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide after absorbing heat and undergoing a phase change.

[0022] Optionally, the modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device further includes a first mounting seat and a second mounting seat. The first mounting seat includes a plurality of first mounting members, and the second mounting seat includes a plurality of second mounting members. Each pressure reducing unit is mounted on the corresponding first mounting member, and each power unit group is mounted on the corresponding second mounting member; the first mounting member includes a first part and a second part, and a first mounting hole is defined between the first part and the second part. The pressure reducing unit is fixed in the first mounting hole, and the first part and the second part are detachably connected. The second mounting member includes a third part and a fourth part, and a second mounting hole is defined between the third part and the fourth part. The power unit group is fixed in the second mounting hole, and the third part and the fourth part are detachably connected.

[0023] In the above solution, the first mounting member and the second mounting member respectively fix the pressure reducing unit and the power unit group, thereby enhancing the structural stability of the pressure reducing unit and the power unit group.

[0024] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an underwater vehicle, including the modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device according to any one of the above embodiments.

[0025] In the above solution, the liquid carbon dioxide emission can be adjusted as needed to regulate the drainage capacity, achieving the goal of adjusting the drainage capacity according to the working conditions, so that the underwater vehicle can adapt to more scenarios. And since the modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device adopts a modular design, the modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device can be arranged in any narrow space of the underwater vehicle as needed, thereby reducing the space occupied by the modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device of the present application; Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device of the present application; Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the connecting plate of the present application; Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the partition plate of the present application; Figure 5 It is the carbon dioxide recovery device of the present application.

[0028]

DESCRIPTION OF THE REFERENCE NUMERALS

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of this application. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0030] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used in the description of this application in the specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the description and claims of this application and the above drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of this application or the above drawings are used to distinguish different objects and not to describe a specific order or primary-secondary relationship.

[0031] Referring to "embodiments" in this application means that specific features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiments can be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The phrase appearing in various positions in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those of ordinary skill in the art explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0032] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "coupled", and "attached" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] The term "and / or" in this application is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this application generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0034] The "multiple" mentioned in this application refers to two or more (including two). Similarly, "multiple groups" refers to two or more groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more pieces (including two pieces).

[0035] At present, when accidents such as rudder jamming, water ingress, and depth drop occur in an underwater vehicle, it is necessary to quickly discharge a part of the stored seawater within a short time to provide positive buoyancy and achieve the safe floating of the underwater vehicle.

[0036] At present, the main solutions adopted by medium and large-sized underwater vehicles are compressed air drainage devices or high-temperature gas drainage devices. The compressed air drainage device pre-compresses and pressurizes air and stores it in a high-pressure air bottle. When needed, the valve on the connecting pipeline between the air bottle and the storage water tank is opened, and the high-pressure air is introduced into the water tank to discharge the internal seawater; the high-temperature gas drainage device seals solid agents in a gas generator. When needed, the agents are ignited by an electrical signal, causing the agents to undergo a chemical reaction to form high-temperature gas, which is injected into the water tank to discharge the internal seawater.

[0037] As the working depth of the underwater vehicle gradually increases, the compressed air drainage is greatly affected by the back pressure, and the drainage capacity decreases significantly; the gases such as carbon monoxide and hydrogen generated by the high-temperature gas drainage have the hidden danger of secondary combustion and are also not conducive to safety. In addition, the current drainage devices occupy a large space, resulting in insufficient space inside the vehicle.

[0038] Therefore, this application proposes a modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device with a small occupied space, high safety and efficiency, and strong drainage capacity, which can provide a new guarantee for the navigation safety of underwater vehicles.

[0039] In a first aspect, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , an embodiment of this application provides a modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device, which includes a plurality of power unit groups 1, a plurality of pressure reduction units 2, and a diversion assembly 3. Each power unit group 1 includes a plurality of power units 11, and each power unit 11 has a first storage chamber for storing liquid carbon dioxide; the plurality of pressure reduction units 2 correspond to the plurality of power unit groups 1 one by one. Each pressure reduction unit 2 has a pressure reduction chamber, and the pressure reduction chamber can be selectively communicated with the corresponding first storage chamber. The pressure reduction chambers of the plurality of pressure reduction units 2 are communicated with each other; the diversion assembly 3 has a first air inlet 31 and a first air outlet 32. The first air inlet 31 is communicated with at least one of the plurality of pressure reduction chambers, and the first air outlet 32 is communicated with the ballast water tank 9.

[0040] The plurality of power unit groups 1 and the plurality of pressure reduction units 2 correspond to each other one by one. Each power unit group 1 includes a plurality of power units 11. The chambers in the plurality of power units 11 are configured as the first storage chamber, and the first storage chamber can be selectively communicated with the corresponding pressure reduction chamber. That is to say, a power unit group 1 and a pressure reduction unit 2 form a power module. The modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device includes a plurality of power modules, and the pressure reduction chambers of the plurality of power modules are communicated with each other to improve the drainage capacity of the modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device.

[0041] Carbon dioxide is in a liquid state under certain pressure and temperature conditions, with a high density and convenient storage. The liquid carbon dioxide can be quickly transformed into the supercritical state by increasing the temperature and pressure. Its volume expands several times, and it has a strong instantaneous work capacity. Moreover, it is non-toxic and pollution-free, making it a new type of drainage technology. After the liquid carbon dioxide in the first storage chamber is transformed into supercritical carbon dioxide, its volume expands significantly. By utilizing the heat absorption of the liquid carbon dioxide to convert it into high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide for expansion work to drain water, the drainage capacity is strong and it is safe and reliable.

[0042] The pressure reduction chamber in the pressure reduction unit 2 can reduce the pressure of the carbon dioxide discharged into the pressure reduction unit 2. The pressure of the supercritical carbon dioxide discharged from the first storage chamber is very high. The carbon dioxide with a relatively high pressure enters the pressure reduction chamber, and at this time, the volume of the carbon dioxide with a relatively high pressure can further expand in the pressure reduction chamber. After that, the carbon dioxide after pressure reduction can enter the flow guiding component 3 through the first air inlet 31. The flow guiding component 3 can rectify and decelerate the flow of carbon dioxide, enabling the carbon dioxide to be discharged into the ballast tank 9 at a relatively gentle pressure. Of course, the flow guiding component 3 can further disturb the gaseous carbon dioxide, thereby improving the pressure reduction efficiency.

[0043] In the modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device proposed in the embodiment of the present application, multiple power unit groups 1 correspond to multiple pressure reduction units 2 one by one, forming a modular design. Each module occupies a small space and is suitable for narrow spaces. The modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device can be set in places with a small space according to needs, saving the space occupied by the modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device.

[0044] Moreover, by adjusting the working time interval between the power unit groups 1, the drainage capacity of the device can be adjusted, achieving the goal of adjusting the drainage capacity according to the working conditions. The cost of using liquid carbon dioxide as the working medium in the present application is extremely low. It can be reused after being filled, and the maintenance and guarantee costs are low.

[0045] The flow guiding component 3 in the present application is arranged in the ballast tank 9. The flow guiding component 3 can prevent seawater from entering its interior. The interior of the flow guiding component 3 has multiple layers of annular holes. The liquid carbon dioxide in the power unit 11 enters the flow guiding component 3 after being reduced in pressure by the pressure reduction unit 2. The flow guiding component 3 further reduces the pressure of the carbon dioxide, thereby realizing the drainage in the ballast tank 9.

[0046] It should be understood that the modular design of the power unit group 1 and the pressure reduction unit 2 is convenient for production and manufacturing, with lower costs and better economy. And several power modules composed of the power unit groups 1 and the pressure reduction units 2 can be connected in series according to needs to meet different usage requirements.

[0047] Optionally, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2, a plurality of pressure reducing units 2 includes a first pressure reducing unit 2, and the first pressure reducing unit 2 is connected to the diversion assembly 3 through a diversion pipe 4; in the direction from the first pressure reducing unit 2 to the diversion assembly 3, the diversion pipe 4 includes a first section 41 and a second section 42 connected in sequence. One end of the first section 41 away from the second section 42 is communicated with the pressure reducing chamber of the first pressure reducing unit 2, one end of the second section 42 away from the first section 41 is communicated with the first air inlet 31, and the inner diameter of the first section 41 is greater than the inner diameter of the second section 42.

[0048] The first section 41 is connected to the first pressure reducing unit 2, and the space inside the first section 41 is communicated with the pressure reducing chamber of the first pressure reducing unit 2. The first section 41 is communicated with the second section 42, and the second section 42 is communicated with the diversion assembly 3. Since the inner diameter of the second section 42 is smaller than that of the first section 41, the carbon dioxide decompressed in the pressure reducing chamber enters the second section 42 through the first section 41, the flow resistance of the carbon dioxide increases, and the flow rate of the carbon dioxide decreases, which is beneficial to reducing heat transfer, thereby improving the drainage efficiency of the supercritical carbon dioxide gas.

[0049] Optionally, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 , the second section 42 defines a first diversion channel, and a partition 44 is provided in the second section 42 to divide the first diversion channel into two first sub-diversion channels. The partition 44 has a plurality of through holes 441 arranged at intervals, and the through holes 441 communicate the two first sub-diversion channels.

[0050] A partition 44 is arranged in the second section 42, and a plurality of through holes 441 are arranged at intervals on the partition 44. The partition 44 divides the second section 42 into two first sub-diversion channels, and the carbon dioxide flows between the first sub-diversion channel connected to the first section 41 and the first sub-diversion channel communicated with the diversion assembly 3 through the through holes 441 on the partition 44. The through holes 441 on the partition 44 reduce the flow rate of the carbon dioxide, which is beneficial to further improving the drainage efficiency of the supercritical carbon dioxide.

[0051] Optionally, referring to Figure 4 , the diameter of the through hole 441 is d, satisfying: 3mm ≤ d ≤ 5mm. It can enable the carbon dioxide to pass through quickly and can play a certain blocking role on the impurities or participating substances generated by the incomplete combustion of the medicament.

[0052] The through holes 441 perform secondary diffusion on the high-pressure carbon dioxide to better and more uniformly mix the medium. The diameter of the through holes 441 should not be too small or too large. If the diameter of the through holes 441 is too small, it will affect the passage of the gas; if the diameter of the through holes 441 is too large, the number of through holes 441 arranged on the partition 44 with the same area will decrease, which is not conducive to the uniform diffusion of the carbon dioxide medium.

[0053] Among them, the diameter d of the through hole 441 can be 3 mm, 3.2 mm, 3.4 mm, 3.5 mm, 3.6 mm, 3.8 mm, 4.0 mm, 4.2 mm, 4.5 mm, 4.6 mm, 4.8 mm, 4.9 mm or 5 mm.

[0054] In yet another specific embodiment, a dynamic adjustment portion for the through holes is provided on the partition plate 44. The dynamic adjustment portion corresponds to each through hole 441 one by one. The control unit dynamically adjusts the diameter of the through hole 441 according to the pressure difference on both sides of the partition plate 44 to achieve precise pressure reduction. At the same time, by optimizing the diameter of the through hole 441, the energy loss when the fluid passes through the partition plate 44 is reduced, and the pressure reduction efficiency is improved.

[0055] Among them, the dynamic adjustment portion for the through holes can be a mechanical adjustment device. For example, an adjustment ring driven by a micro motor is provided on the partition plate 44. The adjustment ring changes the diameter of the through hole 441 through mechanical movement. When the pressure sensors on both sides of the partition plate 44 detect an increase in the pressure difference on both sides of the partition plate 44, the control unit drives the motor to move the adjustment ring outward, and the diameter of the through hole 441 increases, reducing the pressure difference on both sides of the partition plate 44. When the pressure difference is too small, the motor is driven to move the adjustment ring inward, and the diameter of the through hole 441 decreases to maintain the system pressure.

[0056] Among them, the dynamic adjustment portion for the through holes can also be a shape memory alloy. When the pressure sensors on both sides of the partition plate 44 detect an increase in the pressure difference on both sides of the partition plate 44, the control unit heats the alloy sheet to make it expand, and the diameter of the through hole 441 increases, reducing the flow resistance. When the pressure difference decreases, heating is stopped, and the alloy sheet cools and contracts, and the diameter of the through hole 441 decreases to maintain the system stability.

[0057] The dynamic adjustment portion for the through holes can also be a piezoelectric ceramic regulator. Piezoelectric ceramic sheets are embedded at the edges of each through hole 441 of the partition plate 44, and the ceramic sheets are connected to a power supply. When the flow sensor detects that the flow rate through the through hole 441 is too large, the control unit applies a voltage to make the ceramic sheet expand, and the diameter of the through hole 441 decreases to limit the flow rate. When the flow rate is too small, the voltage is reduced to make the ceramic sheet contract, and the diameter of the through hole 441 increases to increase the flow rate.

[0058] In another specific embodiment, a self-cleaning structure is provided around the through holes 441 of the partition plate 44, such as an ultrasonic cleaner, a micro brush or a scraper.

[0059] Specifically, a plurality of ultrasonic transducers are installed on the surface of the partition plate 44, and the ultrasonic transducers are connected to an ultrasonic generator. When the pressure sensors on both sides of the partition plate 44 detect an increase in the pressure difference on both sides of the partition plate 44, the control unit starts the ultrasonic generator. The ultrasonic generator generates ultrasonic signals and transmits the ultrasonic signals to the ultrasonic transducers. The ultrasonic transducers convert the ultrasonic signals into mechanical vibration energy to remove impurities around the through hole 441.

[0060] Alternatively, an annular micro brush or a wiper is arranged around each through hole 441 of the partition plate 44, and the micro brush is driven by a motor. When the flow sensors on both sides of the partition plate 44 detect a decrease in the flow rate through the through hole 441, the control unit starts the motor, and the micro brush or the wiper rotates to remove the attached substances.

[0061] By providing a self-cleaning structure to clean the partition plate 44, the blockage of the through hole 441 by impurities is reduced, thereby improving the pressure reduction efficiency.

[0062] Optionally, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 the diversion pipe 4 further includes a third section 43. One end of the third section 43 in the length direction is connected to the second section 42, and the other end is connected to the first air inlet 31 of the diversion assembly 3. The inner diameter of the third section 43 is larger than the inner diameter of the second section 42.

[0063] The third section 43 is connected between the second section 42 and the diversion assembly 3. Since the inner diameter of the third section 43 is larger than the inner diameter of the second section 42, carbon dioxide enters the third section 43 from the second section 42, further expands in volume, and further reduces the flow rate, thereby further reducing the rate of heat exchange between carbon dioxide and water and improving the drainage efficiency of carbon dioxide gas.

[0064] Optionally, the inner diameter of the third section 43 is d1, and the inner diameter of the second section 42 is d2, satisfying: 1 ≤ d1 / d2 ≤ 1.5.

[0065] So that carbon dioxide can expand sufficiently in the third section 43, thereby further reducing the rate of heat exchange between carbon dioxide and water and improving the drainage efficiency of carbon dioxide gas. If the ratio of the inner diameter of the third section 43 to the inner diameter of the second section 42 is less than 1, the overall flow rate of carbon dioxide will be restricted, and it cannot expand sufficiently, and the flow rate cannot be reduced, which will intensify the heat exchange with water, thereby reducing the drainage efficiency. If the ratio of the inner diameter of the third section 43 to the inner diameter of the second section 42 is greater than 1.5, it may cause excessive expansion of carbon dioxide, excessive reduction of the pressure of carbon dioxide, and reduction of the drainage capacity.

[0066] In an alternative embodiment, the ratio of the inner diameter of the third section 43 to the inner diameter of the second section 42 is 1.

[0067] Optionally, the outer periphery of the cross-section of each power unit 11 is configured as a regular hexagon.

[0068] The outer peripheral walls of any two adjacent power units 11 with regular hexagon outer peripheries are in surface contact, reducing the gap between two adjacent power units 11 and reducing the space occupied by the power unit group 1.

[0069] Optionally, referring to Figure 3, each power unit group 1 further includes a connecting plate 5. A plurality of mounting holes 50 are provided on the connecting plate 5. The plurality of mounting holes 50 correspond to the plurality of power units 11 one by one. One end of each power unit 11 is connected to the pressure reducing unit 2, and the other end is cooperatively connected to the mounting hole. The mounting hole 50 is a regular hexagonal hole.

[0070] The power unit 11 is connected to the mounting hole 50, and the plurality of power units 11 are installed corresponding to the plurality of mounting holes 50 one by one. One end of each power unit 11 is connected to the pressure reducing unit 2, and the other end is connected to the mounting hole 50. The regular hexagonal mounting hole 50 can reduce the rotation of the power unit 11, and further reduce the leakage of liquid carbon dioxide in the power unit 11 caused by the rotation of the power unit 11.

[0071] Optionally, the modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device further includes an excitation member. The excitation member is arranged in the first storage chamber. The excitation member is configured to receive a control signal and generate heat, so that the liquid carbon dioxide is absorbed by heat and converted into high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide.

[0072] The excitation agent can be communicatively connected to an external control unit. After receiving the excitation signal from the control unit, the excitation agent undergoes a chemical reaction, thereby generating heat, and the liquid carbon dioxide is absorbed by heat and undergoes a phase change to be converted into high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide.

[0073] In a specific embodiment, an excitation agent is provided in each power unit 11. The excitation agent can be communicatively connected to an external control unit. After receiving the excitation signal from the control unit, the excitation agent undergoes a chemical reaction, thereby generating heat, and the liquid carbon dioxide is absorbed by heat and undergoes a phase change to be converted into high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide.

[0074] A pressure relief unit is arranged at the connection between each power unit 11 and the pressure reducing unit 2. The pressure relief unit is configured to rupture when the pressure in the power unit 11 is greater than a preset value, so as to communicate the power unit 11 and the pressure reducing chamber. The pressure relief unit can be a one-way valve, and the pressure threshold of the one-way valve is determined. When the pressure in the power unit 11 is large enough and exceeds the above pressure threshold, the pressure relief unit opens, thereby communicating the internal space of the power unit 11 and the pressure reducing chamber. Thus, the high-pressure carbon dioxide can enter the pressure reducing chamber for pressure reduction, and then be discharged to the ballast tank 9 for drainage.

[0075] In another specific embodiment, the modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device further includes a control unit. The control unit can control the operation and time interval of each power unit 11 according to the change of the drainage pressure in the ballast tank 9, so as to adjust the drainage capacity.

[0076] Optionally, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2, the modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device further includes a first mounting seat and a second mounting seat. The first mounting seat includes a plurality of first mounting members 6, and the second mounting seat includes a plurality of second mounting members 7. Each pressure reducing unit 2 is mounted on a corresponding first mounting member 6, and each power unit group 1 is mounted on a corresponding second mounting member 7. The first mounting member 6 includes a first part 61 and a second part 62. A first mounting hole is defined between the first part 61 and the second part 62. The pressure reducing unit 2 is fixed in the first mounting hole. The first part 61 and the second part 62 are detachably connected. The second mounting member 7 includes a third part 71 and a fourth part 72. A second mounting hole is defined between the third part 71 and the fourth part 72. The power unit group 1 is fixed in the second mounting hole. The third part 71 and the fourth part 72 are detachably connected.

[0077] The first part 61 and the second part 62 are detachably connected. It can be that the first part 61 and the second part 62 are connected by bolts, or it can be that one side of the first part 61 and the second part 62 is hinged and the other side is connected by bolts. The third part 71 and the fourth part 72 are detachably connected. It can be that the third part 71 and the fourth part 72 are connected by bolts, or it can be that one side of the third part 71 and the fourth part 72 is hinged and the other side is connected by bolts.

[0078] The plurality of first mounting members 6 and the plurality of second mounting members 7 correspond one by one. The pressure reducing unit 2 of each power module is mounted in the first mounting hole of the first mounting member 6, and the power unit group 1 is mounted in the second mounting hole of the second mounting member 7. The first mounting member 6 and the second mounting member 7 respectively fix the pressure reducing unit 2 and the power unit group 1, thereby improving the structural stability of the pressure reducing unit 2 and the power unit group 1.

[0079] In a specific embodiment, a first anti-rotation gasket is provided between the pressure reducing unit 2 and the corresponding first mounting hole. One end of the power unit group 1 is connected to the pressure reducing unit 2, and a second anti-rotation gasket is provided between the other end of the power unit group 1 and the corresponding second mounting hole.

[0080] A first anti-rotation gasket is provided between the pressure reducing unit 2 and the first mounting hole, reducing the relative rotation between the pressure reducing unit 2 and the first mounting hole, and further improving the mounting stability of the pressure reducing unit 2. A second anti-rotation gasket is provided between the power unit group 1 and the second mounting hole, reducing the relative rotation between the power unit group 1 and the second mounting hole, and further improving the mounting stability of the power unit group 1.

[0081] In an alternative embodiment, refer to Figure 5, the modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device further includes a carbon dioxide recovery device 8, which includes a gas-liquid separation component 81, a gas capture component 82, a recovery chamber 83, a cooling component 84, a compression component 85, and a storage component. The gas-liquid separation component 81 is arranged between the ballast tank 9 and the drainage port. The gas capture component 82 is communicated with the chamber of the gas-liquid separation component 81. The recovery chamber 83 is communicated with the gas capture component 82. The cooling component 84 is arranged in the recovery chamber 83. The compression component 85 is arranged at the outlet of the recovery chamber 83. The storage component can be a high-pressure storage tank for collecting and storing carbon dioxide.

[0082] Specifically, a gas-liquid separation component 81 is arranged between the ballast tank 9 and the drainage port. The gas-liquid separation component 81 is connected to the gas capture component 82. The gas capture component 82 prevents gas from escaping through physical isolation (such as an elastic airbag) and collects the gas in the elastic airbag. When draining water, the gas-liquid mixture enters the chamber of the gas-liquid separation component 81. The liquid sinks due to gravity and is discharged from the bottom, and the gas is collected by the gas capture component 82.

[0083] The gas collected by the gas capture component 82 enters the recovery chamber 83. The cooling component 84 can be a cooling coil or a cooling fan to cool the high-temperature carbon dioxide. The compression component 85 can be a compression pump or a compressor to compress the gas drained from the recovery chamber 83, so as to collect the compressed carbon dioxide in the storage component.

[0084] Among them, the storage component can be a power unit group 1. The compression component 85 is communicated with the power unit 11, and a valve is arranged between the compression component 85 and the power unit 11. When the carbon dioxide in a certain power unit 11 is emptied, the control unit controls the valve to open, so as to collect the carbon dioxide recovered in the carbon dioxide recovery device 8 in this power unit 11, thereby realizing the reuse of carbon dioxide, reducing the operation cost, and being able to reduce the emission of carbon dioxide and the impact of carbon dioxide on the marine ecosystem.

[0085] In another alternative embodiment, considering the energy recovery and utilization, a heat energy recovery component is arranged inside the diversion component 3. The heat energy recovery component includes heat exchangers such as shell-and-tube type, plate type, or fin type, and the heat exchanger is made of corrosion-resistant and high-pressure-resistant materials. The heat energy recovery component also includes a heat energy storage part and a heat energy conversion part. The heat transfer medium in the heat exchanger absorbs waste heat and the temperature rises, and transfers the heat to the heat energy storage part. The heat energy storage part stores the recovered heat energy through a phase change material heat storage tank or a hot water storage tank. The heat energy conversion part can be a thermoelectric generator or a steam turbine to convert the heat energy into electric energy, thereby increasing the endurance of the underwater vehicle.

[0086] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an underwater vehicle, which includes the modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device described in any of the above embodiments.

[0087] Since the underwater vehicle according to the embodiment of the present application is provided with the modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device described in any of the above embodiments, the drainage capacity can be adjusted by adjusting the liquid carbon dioxide discharge amount as needed, so as to achieve the goal of adjusting the drainage capacity according to the working conditions, thereby enabling the underwater vehicle to adapt to more scenarios. And because the modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device adopts a modular design, the modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device can be arranged in any narrow space of the underwater vehicle as needed, thereby reducing the space occupied by the modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device.

[0088] In the present application, the power unit group 1 and the pressure reducing unit 2 correspond one by one to form a power module. The power unit group 1 is installed in the second installation hole, and the pressure reducing unit 2 is installed in the first installation hole. The control unit controls the chemical reaction of the excitation agent in the power unit 11, thereby heating the liquid carbon dioxide. After absorbing heat, the carbon dioxide is converted into high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide. The high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide enters the pressure reducing chamber for pressure reduction, and then flows out from the first section 41 of the diversion pipe 4 to the second section 42. Since the inner diameter of the first section 41 is larger than that of the second section 42, the flow rate of the high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide decreases from the first section 41 to the second section 42. Since a partition plate 44 is provided in the second section 42, and the partition plate 44 has a plurality of through holes 441 arranged at intervals, when the high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide passes through the through holes 441, the flow velocity further decreases. Then, the high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide enters the third section 43. Since the inner diameter of the third section 43 is larger than that of the second section 42, the high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide is further decelerated and depressurized in the third section 43, and then enters the diversion assembly 3 for further pressure reduction and deceleration. The high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide passes through multiple pressure reductions and decelerations from the pressure reducing chamber to the diversion assembly 3, improving the utilization rate of the carbon dioxide capacity, thereby enhancing the drainage capacity of the modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device.

[0089] It should also be noted that the term "including", "comprising" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, commodity or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including one..." does not exclude the existence of another identical element in the process, method, commodity or device including the said element.

[0090] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner. For the same or similar parts among the embodiments, reference can be made to each other, and the key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and for the relevant parts, reference can be made to the description of the method embodiment.

[0091] The above description is only for the embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made to the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

[0092] Although the embodiments of the present application are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and such modifications and variations fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device, characterized in that: include: A plurality of power unit groups, each of the power unit groups comprises a plurality of power units, each of the power units has a first storage chamber, and the first storage chamber is used to store liquid carbon dioxide; A plurality of decompression units, corresponding one to one with the plurality of power unit groups, each of the decompression units having a decompression chamber, the decompression chambers can be selectively communicated with the corresponding first storage chamber, and the decompression chambers of the plurality of decompression units are communicated with each other; The flow guide component has a first air inlet and a first air outlet, wherein the first air inlet is connected to at least one of the plurality of decompression chambers, and the first air outlet is connected to the ballast water tank.

2. The modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The plurality of decompression units include a first decompression unit, and the first decompression unit is connected to the flow guide assembly through a flow guide pipe; In the direction from the first decompression unit to the guide assembly, the guide pipe includes a first section and a second section connected in sequence, an end of the first section away from the second section is connected to the decompression chamber of the first decompression unit, an end of the second section away from the first section is connected to the first air inlet, and an inner diameter of the first section is larger than an inner diameter of the second section.

3. The modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The second section defines a first flow guiding channel. A partition is provided in the second section to separate the first flow guiding channel into two first sub-flow guiding channels. The partition has a plurality of through holes arranged at intervals. The through holes connect the two first sub-flow guiding channels.

4. The modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The diameter of the through hole is d, which satisfies: 3mm≤d≤5mm.

5. The modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The guide tube also includes a third section, one end of the third section in the length direction is connected to the second section, and the other end is connected to the first air inlet of the guide assembly, and the inner diameter of the third section is greater than the inner diameter of the second section.

6. The modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The inner diameter of the third section is d1, and the inner diameter of the second section is d2, satisfying: 1≤d1 / d2≤1.

5.

7. The modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the cross section of each power unit is configured as a regular hexagon.

8. The modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device according to claim 7, characterized in that: Each of the power unit groups also includes a connecting plate, which is provided with a plurality of mounting holes, which correspond one-to-one to the plurality of power units. One end of each of the power units is connected to the pressure reducing unit, and the other end is cooperatively connected to the mounting hole, and the mounting hole is a regular hexagonal hole.

9. The modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device also includes an excitation component, which is arranged in the first storage chamber. The excitation component is configured to receive a control signal and generate heat so that the liquid carbon dioxide absorbs heat and is converted into high-pressure supercritical carbon dioxide.

10. The modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a first mounting seat and a second mounting seat, wherein the first mounting seat includes a plurality of first mounting members, and the second mounting seat includes a plurality of second mounting members, each of the decompression units is mounted on a corresponding first mounting member, and each of the power unit groups is mounted on a corresponding second mounting member; The first mounting member includes a first part and a second part, a first mounting hole is defined between the first part and the second part, the decompression unit is fixed to the first mounting hole, the first part and the second part are detachably connected, the second mounting member includes a third part and a fourth part, a second mounting hole is defined between the third part and the fourth part, the power unit group is fixed to the second mounting hole, and the third part and the fourth part are detachably connected.

11. An underwater vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises a modular supercritical carbon dioxide phase change drainage device as described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

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