Umbrella skirt with passive deicing function for lightning arrester and insulator and preparation method of umbrella skirt

Abstract

The invention discloses an umbrella skirt used for a lightning arrester and an insulator and having a passive deicing function and a preparation method thereof.The umbrella skirt used for the lightning arrester and the insulator and having the passive deicing function comprises solid mixed silicone rubber and silicone rubber wrapping the outer surface of the solid mixed silicone rubber and having the passive deicing function; the silicone rubber with the passive deicing function comprises the following components: a silicone rubber-based material, a soft substance with low shear modulus and an inorganic filler, the adhesive force between the silicone rubber and ice is low (less than 100 kPa), the interface of the silicone rubber and the ice is very easy to separate due to stress concentration, and the passive deicing effect is achieved; the deicing function of the silicone rubber has a volume characteristic, cannot be lost due to damage to the surface of a material, has the service life equal to the service life of the material, and has a wide application prospect in the field of icing prevention and control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electrical engineering, and particularly relates to a shed for lightning arresters and insulators with a passive de-icing function and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Icing disasters seriously threaten the safe operation of power transmission and distribution lines. Under meteorological conditions such as cold snaps, rain and snow, supercooled water droplets freeze on the shed surfaces of insulators and lightning arresters to form ice coatings. As the icing degree increases, ice ridges at the shed edges grow and bridge continuously, which is extremely likely to cause flashover accidents, and then trigger large-scale power outages, causing huge damage to the power system. Traditional lightning arresters and insulators usually do not have the function of preventing icing, and can no longer meet the actual needs of the stable operation of modern power systems.

[0003] In recent years, the anti-icing requirements of insulators and lightning arresters have received extensive attention in the power industry. There are mainly two anti-icing methods: one is to prevent the bridging of ice ridges on the shed surface through structural design, thereby reducing the occurrence probability of icing flashover; the other is to repel supercooled water droplets through superhydrophobic or superlubricant coatings to prevent icing. However, the shed structure design cannot prevent icing, and its utility for preventing icing flashover is low; while the anti-icing performance and lifespan of the functional coating completely depend on the mechanical robustness of the surface structure, and the durability is poor.

[0004] Therefore, improving the practicality and durability of the shed under actual working conditions will be a huge challenge. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shed for lightning arresters and insulators with a passive de-icing function and a preparation method thereof. The ice coating on the shed surface made of silicone rubber material can easily detach under the action of gravity, wind force or cable dancing force to achieve the de-icing effect.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is achieved as follows: A shed for lightning arresters and insulators with a passive de-icing function, comprising solid silicone rubber compound and silicone rubber with a passive de-icing function wrapped on the outer surface of the solid silicone rubber compound. The silicone rubber with a passive de-icing function comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-90 parts of silicone rubber base material, 10-50 parts of soft matter, and 0-10 parts of inorganic filler. The silicone rubber base material is a solid silicone rubber material or a solid silicone rubber compound material.

[0007] The shear modulus ratio of the soft matter to the silicone rubber base material is 10-100.

[0008] The soft material is one or more of organic elastomers such as silicone gel, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polyurethane elastomer, natural latex, and polyisoprene. The inorganic filler is one or more of inorganic non-metallic materials such as alumina (Al2O3), silica, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, talcum powder, mica, and wollastonite.

[0009] The particle size of the inorganic filler is 0.2 - 10 μm.

[0010] The particle size of the inorganic filler is 1 - 5 μm.

[0011] A preparation method of an umbrella skirt for lightning arresters and insulators and having a passive de-icing function, characterized by comprising the following steps: S1. Open the mixing equipment, add the silicone rubber-based material and additives, and mix evenly to obtain a first mixture; the mixing temperature is 15 - 40 °C; the mixing time is 15 - 25 min; S2. Gradually add the soft material into the mixing machine equipment according to the principle of adding in small amounts and multiple times, and mix evenly to obtain a second mixture; the mixing temperature is 15 - 70 °C; the mixing time is 20 - 60 min; S3. Still gradually add the inorganic filler into the mixing machine equipment according to the principle of adding in small amounts and multiple times and mix evenly to obtain silicone rubber with a passive de-icing function. The mixing temperature is 15 - 40 °C; the mixing time is 20 - 60 min; S4. The front section of the syringe barrel is solid-mixed silicone rubber, and the rear section is silicone rubber with a passive de-icing function. Use the injection molding process to install an umbrella skirt for lightning arresters and insulators and having a passive de-icing function on the core. The outer layer of the umbrella skirt is silicone rubber with a passive de-icing function, and the inner layer of the umbrella skirt is solid-mixed silicone rubber. Barrel temperature: front section (solid-mixed silicone rubber) 120 - 140 °C, rear section (silicone rubber with a passive de-icing function) 100 - 120 °C; injection pressure: 80 - 120 MPa; holding pressure time: 30 - 60 seconds; mold temperature: 140 - 160 °C.

[0012] The soft material is added in the form of particles, with a particle size of 1 μm - 5000 μm, and the volume fraction of particles with a particle size of 1 μm - 5000 μm is 10% - 60%; the mass fraction of the inorganic filler is 5% - 30%.

[0013] The particle size of the soft material is 10 μm - 1000 μm, and the volume fraction of particles with a particle size of 10 μm - 1000 μm is 20% - 40%; the mass fraction of the inorganic filler is 10% - 20%.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The silicone rubber of the present invention has a low adhesion force to ice (less than 100 kPa). Cracks are likely to occur at the interface between the two due to stress concentration and eventually detachment occurs, achieving the effect of passive de-icing. Specifically, a soft substance with a low shear modulus is introduced into the material. Through the stress localization effect, the crack initiation points are predefined at the interface; inorganic nano-fillers are used to guide the cracks to rapidly expand along the interface plane to achieve the passive de-icing effect.

[0015] 2. The de-icing function of the silicone rubber of the present invention is a volume property and will not be lost due to the damage of the material surface. It has a service life equivalent to that of the material and has broad application prospects in the field of ice accretion prevention.

[0016] 3. The present invention fully conforms to the existing preparation processes of composite insulators and composite arresters, with low preparation costs, being simple, efficient, and easy to promote.

[0017] 4. The ice arrester and insulator using the umbrella skirt with the passive de-icing function of the present invention have excellent anti-icing effects, do not consume manpower and material resources, and do not interfere with the power grid operation, having high practical value and prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the arrester of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0019] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0020] Example 1: The mass ratio of the silicone rubber-based material, organosilicon gel, and silica is 7:2:1; the ratio of the shear modulus of the solid kneaded silicone rubber to the organosilicon gel is 10. 70 parts of the silicone rubber-based material, 20 parts of the organosilicon gel, and 10 parts of silica. The particle size of the organosilicon gel is 10 μm, and the volume fraction of the organosilicon gel with a particle size of 10 μm is 20%.

[0021] A preparation method of an umbrella skirt for an arrester and an insulator with a passive de-icing function, comprising the following steps: S1. Open the kneading equipment, add the silicone rubber-based material and additives, and knead evenly to obtain a first mixture; the kneading temperature is 35 °C; the kneading time is 20 min; S2. Gradually add the soft substance into the kneading machine equipment according to the principle of adding in small amounts and multiple times, and knead evenly to obtain a second mixture; the kneading temperature is 40 °C; the kneading time is 40 min; S3. Still gradually add the inorganic filler into the kneading machine equipment according to the principle of adding in small amounts and multiple times and knead evenly to obtain the silicone rubber with a passive de-icing function. The kneading temperature is 30 °C; the kneading time is 40 min; S4. The front section of the syringe barrel is made of solid-mixed silicone rubber, and the rear section is made of silicone rubber with passive de-icing function. The injection molding process is used to install an umbrella skirt with passive de-icing function for the core body of the arrester and insulator. The outer layer of the umbrella skirt is made of silicone rubber with passive de-icing function, and the inner layer of the umbrella skirt is made of solid-mixed silicone rubber. Barrel temperature: front section (solid-mixed silicone rubber) 135°C, rear section (silicone rubber with passive de-icing function) 110°C; injection pressure 100 MPa; holding pressure time: 55 seconds; mold temperature: 150°C.

[0022] The injection molding process is used to prepare an arrester with passive de-icing function. The front section of the barrel is made of conventional solid-mixed silicone rubber, and the rear section is made of the above-mentioned silicone rubber with passive de-icing function.

[0023] Example 2 The mass ratio of the silicone rubber-based material, silicone gel and fumed silica is 7:2:1; among them, the shear modulus ratio of the silicone rubber-based material to the silicone gel is 10. 70 parts of the silicone rubber-based material, 20 parts of the silicone gel, and 10 parts of fumed silica. The particle size of the silicone gel is 10 μm, and the volume fraction of the silicone gel with a particle size of 10 μm is 20%.

[0024] A preparation method of an umbrella skirt with passive de-icing function for an arrester and insulator includes the following steps: S1. Open the mixing equipment, add the silicone rubber-based material and additives, and mix evenly to obtain the first mixture; the mixing temperature is 35°C; the mixing time is 20 min; S2. Gradually add soft substances to the mixing machine equipment according to the principle of adding in small amounts and multiple times, and mix evenly to obtain the second mixture; the mixing temperature is 40°C; the mixing time is 40 min; S3. Still gradually add inorganic fillers to the mixing machine equipment according to the principle of adding in small amounts and multiple times and mix evenly to obtain silicone rubber with passive de-icing function. The mixing temperature is 30°C; the mixing time is 40 min; S4. The front section of the syringe barrel is made of solid-mixed silicone rubber, and the rear section is made of silicone rubber with passive de-icing function. The injection molding process is used to install an umbrella skirt with passive de-icing function for the core body of the arrester and insulator. The outer layer of the umbrella skirt is made of silicone rubber with passive de-icing function, and the inner layer of the umbrella skirt is made of solid-mixed silicone rubber. Barrel temperature: front section (solid-mixed silicone rubber) 135°C, rear section (silicone rubber with passive de-icing function) 110°C; injection pressure 100 MPa; holding pressure time: 55 seconds; mold temperature: 150°C.

[0025] The injection molding process is used to prepare an arrester with passive de-icing function. The front section of the barrel is made of conventional solid-mixed silicone rubber, and the rear section is made of the above-mentioned silicone rubber with passive de-icing function.

[0026] Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 1 is a 10 kV composite outer lightning arrester of Nanyang Jinniu Electric Co., Ltd.

[0027] Test method: For the ice adhesion force test, a tensile testing machine was used to peel the ice layer in the vertical direction, and the maximum peeling force was recorded. Using a Taber abrasion tester (ISO 5470-1 standard), 500 frictions were applied (load 1 kg, grinding wheel model CS-10), and then the ice adhesion force was tested again. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0028] As can be seen from Table 1, the original ice adhesion forces of Examples 1 and 2 (115 kPa, 83 kPa) are significantly lower than that of Comparative Example 1 (950 kPa), verifying the passive de-icing function. The higher the shear modulus ratio (100:1 for Example 2), the lower the ice adhesion force, indicating that the soft material effectively weakens the ice layer adhesion force by reducing the material stiffness. After the thickness wear treatment of 1 mm, the ice adhesion force of the examples only increased slightly, while that of Comparative Example 1 increased significantly (173 kPa), indicating that the de-icing function of the material of the present invention is a volume property.

Claims

1. A shed with passive deicing function for a lightning arrester and an insulator, comprising solid mixed silicone rubber and silicone rubber with passive deicing function wrapped on the outer surface of the solid mixed silicone rubber, characterized in that: The silicone rubber with passive deicing function includes the following components, calculated by weight: The silicone rubber with passive deicing function includes the following components, calculated by weight: 50-90 parts of silicone rubber-based material, 10-50 parts of soft matter, and 0-10 parts of inorganic filler.

2. The shed with passive deicing function for lightning arresters and insulators according to claim 1, characterized in that: The silicone rubber-based material is a solid silicone rubber material or a solid mixed silicone rubber material.

3. The shed with passive deicing function for lightning arresters and insulators according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the shear modulus of the soft substance to the silicone rubber-based material is 10-100.

4. The shed with passive deicing function for lightning arresters and insulators according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soft material is one or more of organic silicone gel, polydimethylsiloxane, polyurethane elastomer, natural latex, polyisoprene organic elastomer; the inorganic filler is one or more of inorganic non-metallic materials such as alumina, silicon dioxide, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, talc, mica, and wollastonite.

5. The shed with passive deicing function for lightning arresters and insulators according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the inorganic filler is 0.2-10 μm.

6. The shed with passive deicing function for lightning arresters and insulators according to claim 5, characterized in that: The particle size of the inorganic filler is 1-5 μm.

7. A method for preparing a shed having a passive deicing function for a lightning arrester and an insulator according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Turn on the mixing equipment, add the silicone rubber-based material and the additive, and mix them evenly to obtain a first mixture; the mixing temperature is 15-40° C.; the mixing time is 15-25 min; S2. According to the principle of small amounts and multiple times, gradually add the soft material into the mixer and mix evenly to obtain a second mixture; the mixing temperature is 15-70° C.; the mixing time is 20-60 min; S3. Still according to the principle of small amounts and multiple times, gradually add inorganic fillers into the mixer and mix evenly to obtain silicone rubber with passive deicing function.

8. The mixing temperature is 15-40℃; the mixing time is 20-60min; S4. The front section of the syringe barrel is solid mixed silicone rubber, and the rear section is silicone rubber with passive deicing function. The core is equipped with a lightning arrester and an insulator with a passive deicing function using an injection molding process. The outer layer of the shed is silicone rubber with passive deicing function, and the inner layer of the shed is solid mixed silicone rubber; The method for preparing the shed with passive deicing function for the arrester and insulator according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The soft matter is added in the form of particles with a particle size of 1 μm-5000 μm, and the volume fraction of particles with a particle size of 1 μm-5000 μm is 10%-60%; the mass fraction of the inorganic filler is 5%-30%.

9. The method for preparing the shed with passive deicing function for the arrester and insulator according to claim 8, characterized in that: The particle size of the soft matter is 10 μm-1000 μm, the volume fraction of particles with a diameter of 10 μm-1000 μm is 20%-40%, and the mass fraction of the inorganic filler is 10%-20%.

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