Flame-retardant chemical protective fabric and preparation process thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the field of chemical-proof fabrics, and particularly discloses a flame-retardant chemical-proof fabric and a preparation process thereof. The flame-retardant chemical-proof fabric comprises, from outside to inside, an outer layer, a bonding layer, a framework layer, a bonding layer and an inner layer which are sequentially contacted, the outer layer is a barrier layer, the inner layer is a barrier layer or an adsorption layer, the framework layer is selected from at least one of a composite fabric of aramid fiber / polyimide fiber, a basalt fiber cloth, a glass fiber cloth, a flame-retardant polyester cloth and a flame-retardant acrylic fiber cloth, the barrier layer is selected from at least one of a PVC / TPU composite film, a PVC film, a PTFE film, a PE film, silicone rubber, fluororubber, butyl rubber, chloroprene rubber and natural rubber, and the adsorption layer comprises a mixed fabric layer formed by nylon fiber and polyester fiber containing an adsorption material. The flame-retardant protective fabric has the advantages of high flame-retardant capacity, good chemical-proof effect, excellent puncture resistance and tensile resistance, can absorb moisture and sweat, and is comfortable to wear.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of protective fabrics, more particularly, it relates to a flame-retardant chemical protective fabric and a preparation process thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Chemical protective clothing, also known as chemical protective clothing, can protect oneself from dangerous chemicals and is the main equipment for protecting the lives of on-site emergency rescue personnel. The core component is a chemical protective fabric. Moreover, dangerous chemical accidents often involve some flash combustion and explosion phenomena, so the flame retardancy of chemical protective fabrics is also required. In addition, for firefighters, petroleum and chemical workers, metallurgical casters, and power and electrical workers who work in high-temperature and chemical environments for a long time, flame-retardant protective clothing is an important layer of skin that relates to life safety. This layer of "skin" should isolate the human body from fire and harmful chemicals in a short period of time.

[0003] Traditional chemical protective fabrics are formed by coating rubber materials on a base cloth, which has good chemical protection performance. However, the protective function of a single rubber material is limited, and multiple rubber materials are generally needed to achieve good protective effect, which also makes the rubber protective fabric heavy and uncomfortable to wear, and it does not have flame retardancy, which has the defects of single function and poor quality.

[0004] In the prior art, a Chinese invention patent with application number CN2019101469419 discloses a light protective clothing fabric. The light protective clothing fabric includes a protective layer, the protective layer includes a PET non-woven fabric layer, an aramid fiber textile layer, and a fiber cellulose molecular chain passing through the PET non-woven fabric layer. The voids of the aramid fiber textile layer connect the PET non-woven fabric layer and the aramid fiber layer. Although the light protective clothing fabric is light in weight, high in strength, comfortable to wear, and good in protective performance, its flame retardancy and chemical protection effect are not involved. In view of the related technology in the above, the inventors find that it is urgent to develop a protective fabric that integrates flame-retardant and chemical protection functions and has strong flame-retardant and chemical protection functions. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to make the protective fabric have strong flame retardancy and chemical resistance, the present application provides a flame-retardant chemical protective fabric and a preparation process thereof.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a flame-retardant chemical protective fabric, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A flame-retardant chemical protective fabric, which comprises, from outside to inside, an outer layer, an adhesive layer, a skeleton layer, an adhesive layer, and an inner layer that are in contact with each other in sequence. The outer layer is a barrier layer, and the inner layer is a barrier layer or an adsorption layer.

[0008] The skeleton layer is selected from at least one of aramid fiber / polyimide fiber composite fabric, basalt fiber cloth, glass fiber cloth, flame-retardant polyester fabric and flame-retardant acrylic fabric.

[0009] The barrier layer is selected from at least one of PVC / TPU composite film, PVC film, PTFE film, PE film, silicone rubber, fluororubber, butyl rubber, chloroprene rubber and natural rubber.

[0010] The adsorption layer comprises a mixed fabric layer of nylon fiber and polyester fiber containing adsorbent material.

[0011] By using the above technical scheme, the barrier layer uses PVC / TPU composite film, PVC film, silicone rubber and the like, which all have strong flame-retardant properties, and also have good chemical resistance and aging resistance; TPU has excellent wear resistance; the PVC / TPU composite film combines the advantages of TPU and PVC, and also has good chemical resistance and flame retardance, high waterproofness, high windproofness, warmth retention, aging resistance, cold resistance and friction resistance.

[0012] The aramid fiber / polyimide fiber composite fabric and the like are used as the skeleton layer; polyimide fiber has excellent high-temperature resistance and flame retardance; aramid fiber also has excellent flame retardant properties, has a high thermal cracking temperature and is not easy to produce flammable combustion-supporting gas; in addition, polyimide fiber has soft texture and excellent mechanical properties, including high strength and high modulus, which provide protection for its tensile resistance; aramid fiber has the advantages of lightweight and extremely high tensile strength, and has excellent tensile resistance; in addition, polyimide fiber has strong wear resistance and can resist the wear of external factors on its surface, such as friction and scratching; aramid fiber also has excellent wear resistance and can withstand a large friction force and wear without being easy to break; therefore, the use of aramid fiber / polyimide fiber composite fabric can provide the anti-chemical fabric with better flame retardance, tensile resistance, puncture resistance and wear resistance.

[0013] The polyester fiber has good durability and mechanical strength, can withstand stretching and wear to some extent, but the moisture absorption is relatively weak, and the polyester fiber is not easy to dry in a humid environment, and it may not be comfortable to wear. Moreover, due to poor moisture absorption, polyester fibers are prone to bacterial growth in a humid environment, so when preparing polyester fibers, an adsorbent material is used to make polyester fibers have high tensile strength and other properties while having strong moisture absorption and sweat-wicking effects, increasing the comfort of wearing. The moisture absorption of nylon fiber is better, and it can maintain a relatively dry state in a humid environment, and the moisture absorption is more advantageous than that of polyester fiber. Moreover, it has good elasticity and good flexibility, and it is easy to recover to its original state after being subjected to pressure or folding, and has good wrinkle resistance and outstanding mechanical strength, excellent tensile resistance and wear resistance. Therefore, the adsorption layer is made of a mixed fabric of nylon fiber and polyester fiber containing an adsorbent material, which is used as the inner layer of the chemical protection fabric, which can increase the sweat absorption and moisture absorption of the chemical protective clothing, making it more comfortable and soft to wear, and also has good wear resistance and anti-tensile and anti-puncture ability.

[0014] Polyurethane hot melt adhesive refers to an adhesive containing urethane groups (-NHCOO-) or isocyanate groups (-NCO) in the molecular chain. Polyurethane hot melt adhesive is divided into two categories: polyisocyanate and polyurethane. The polyisocyanate molecular chain contains isocyanate groups (-NCO) and urethane groups (-NH-COO-), so the polyurethane hot melt adhesive shows high activity and polarity, and has excellent chemical bonding force with fabrics, so that the barrier layer and the skeleton layer, or the adsorption layer and the skeleton layer have good bonding tightness.

[0015] Optionally, the flame-retardant chemical protection fabric comprises, from the outside to the inside, a barrier layer, a bonding layer, a skeleton layer, a bonding layer and an adsorption layer in contact with each other in sequence, the barrier layer is a PVC / TPU composite film, and the skeleton layer is a composite fabric of aramid fiber / polyimide fiber.

[0016] Optionally, the flame-retardant chemical protection fabric comprises, from the outside to the inside, a barrier layer, a bonding layer, a skeleton layer, a bonding layer and an adsorption layer in contact with each other in sequence, the barrier layer is a PVC / TPU composite film, and the skeleton layer is a composite fabric of aramid fiber / polyimide fiber.

[0017] Optionally, the PVC / TPU composite film comprises PVC, TPU and zirconium hydroxide-based polyurethane fiber aerogel in a mass ratio of 1:2-4:0.3-0.5.

[0018] By adopting the technical scheme, PVC and TPU are blended and improved, the respective characteristics can be fully utilized, the purpose of complementary advantages is achieved, the composite film has wear resistance, chemical resistance, impact resistance and heat resistance, etc., in addition, the zirconium hydroxide-based polyurethane fiber aerogel has ultra-light quality and porous network structure, high porosity and small pore size, can effectively block air, reduce flame propagation speed, hinder the combustion process, and the zirconium hydroxide is an inorganic compound, has high chemical stability, can maintain structural integrity in high temperature environment, is not easy to decompose or burn, has flame retardant effect, in addition, the zirconium hydroxide-based polyurethane fiber aerogel can absorb a large amount of heat in the combustion process, reduce the temperature of the combustion area, reduce the generation of smoke, make it difficult to maintain the thermal decomposition temperature, and have the protection effect of heat insulation; and the aerogel has excellent adsorption capacity and catalytic degradation activity, the ultra-high porosity and three-dimensional interpenetrating pore structure endow it with excellent air permeability, and certain catalytic degradation capacity to biochemical toxic substances, which can improve the protection effect of biochemical substances on the biochemical protective fabric.

[0019] Optionally, the zirconium hydroxide-based polyurethane fiber aerogel contains zirconium hydroxide-based nanofiber and magnesium hydroxide whisker with a mass ratio of 1:0.3-0.5, and the zirconium hydroxide-based nanofiber contains zirconium acetate and polyurethane with a mass ratio of 1:1.5-2.

[0020] By adopting the technical scheme, the magnesium hydroxide whisker is used as a reinforcing phase, the mechanical strength of the aerogel can be improved, the magnesium hydroxide whisker has good mechanical strength and high elastic modulus, and the fibrous structure can be effectively dispersed in the aerogel matrix to form a three-dimensional network structure, thereby enhancing the mechanical strength of the aerogel. The reinforcing effect makes the aerogel better resist deformation and damage when subjected to external force, and the magnesium hydroxide whisker has high heat resistance, which can improve the heat resistance and flame retardance of the aerogel.

[0021] Optionally, the zirconium hydroxide-based polyurethane fiber aerogel is prepared by the following method:

[0022] The TPU is dissolved, zirconium acetate is added, mixed, electrospun, dried, soaked in ammonia water, and dried to obtain zirconium hydroxide-based nanofiber;

[0023] The zirconium hydroxide-based nanofiber is cut and dispersed in acetone, magnesium hydroxide whisker is added, and stirred uniformly to obtain a fiber dispersion liquid;

[0024] Methyltrimethoxysilane and oxalic acid are added to a mixed solvent of water and ethanol, stirred and hydrolyzed, and then added to the fiber dispersion liquid, mixed uniformly, and freeze-dried to obtain the zirconium hydroxide-based fiber aerogel.

[0025] By adopting the technical scheme, the polyurethane is used as the fiber main body, excellent mechanical strength and flame retardation effect are achieved, the zirconium acetate is mixed with the polyurethane solution, the nanofiber is obtained after electrostatic spinning, the zirconium acetate generates zirconium hydroxide through a coprecipitation reaction when soaked in ammonia water, and the polyester nanofiber containing the zirconium hydroxide is obtained, the methyl trimethoxysilane hydrolyzed under acidic conditions can increase the binding force between the fibers, the three methoxy groups in the methyl trimethoxysilane can be nucleophilically substituted with the hydroxyl groups in water, and the methyl trimethoxysilane itself forms a Si-O-Si sol network through intermolecular polycondensation, the hydrolyzed methyl trimethoxysilane sol network contains abundant hydroxyl bridge structures and terminal hydroxyl groups, can undergo dehydration condensation reaction or form intermolecular hydrogen bonds with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the zirconium hydroxide-based nanofiber and the magnesium hydroxide whisker, forms stable bonding points at the fiber lap joints that are first interpenetrated in the aerogel, and thus effectively improves the mechanical strength of the aerogel, and the methyl trimethoxysilane can also make the aerogel present certain hydrophobic effect, and when the aerogel is blended with the TPU and the PVC, the aerogel can be more uniformly dispersed, and thus the mechanical strength of the PVC / TPU is enhanced.

[0026] Optionally, the aramid fiber / polyimide composite fabric is made by the following method:

[0027] The aramid fiber and the polyimide fiber are woven to obtain a woven fabric.

[0028] The STF / polyketone composite nanofiber is crushed to obtain a fiber powder, the fiber powder is dispersed into the epoxy resin emulsion to obtain a treatment liquid, and the mass ratio of the fiber powder to the epoxy resin emulsion is 0.2-0.3:1.

[0029] The woven fabric is immersed in the treatment liquid, the woven fabric is taken out, and the woven fabric is dried after hot pressing at 1-1.5 MPa to obtain the aramid fiber / polyimide composite fabric.

[0030] By adopting the technical scheme, the STF is a shear thickening fluid, mainly made of mixed nano-silicon dioxide, polyethylene glycol and ethanol, the STF is used as a core material, the polyketone resin is used as a shell layer, the STF / polyketone nanofiber is prepared by a coaxial electrospinning method, the nanofiber is crushed to obtain a fiber powder with small particle size, the fiber powder is adhered to the woven fabric by using the adhesion of the epoxy resin emulsion, the fiber powder is filled into the pores of the woven fabric, a bridging effect is formed between the yarns, a cross-network structure is formed on the surface of the fiber, when an impact force is applied, the fiber powder can effectively bear, disperse and transfer stress, inhibit fiber fibrillation, increase the friction between the aramid fiber and the polyimide fiber, increase the energy absorption capacity of the woven fabric, further improve the impact resistance and puncture resistance of the fabric, and the woven fabric still has good flexibility, the adhesive layer formed by the curing of the epoxy resin can also increase the acid resistance, alkali resistance and washing resistance of the woven fabric, and improve the tear strength and resilience of the woven fabric.

[0031] Optionally, the mass ratio of aramid fiber to polyimide in the aramid fiber / polyimide fiber composite fabric is 25-50%: 50-75%.

[0032] By adopting the above technical solutions, polyimide fibers have high tensile strength and can withstand tensile forces during tensile fracture. Moreover, polyimide fibers have a high coefficient of friction, making them easier to entangle with aramid fibers during weaving, which helps to improve the entanglement coefficient of the composite fabric. Furthermore, polyimide fibers have higher heat resistance than aramid fibers. Therefore, increasing the polyimide fiber content can effectively improve the tensile strength and heat resistance stability of the composite fabric, and enhance its flame retardant effect.

[0033] Optionally, the mass ratio of nylon fiber to polyester fiber containing adsorbent material in the mixed fabric layer is 6-6.5:3.5-4, and the content of adsorbent material in the polyester fiber containing adsorbent material is 15-20 wt%.

[0034] By adopting the above technical solution, because nylon fiber has good moisture absorption, high strength and good elasticity, excellent tensile and tear resistance, it can withstand greater external forces without being easily damaged. In contrast, although polyester fiber has a certain strength, it is usually lower than that of nylon fiber. The higher the proportion of nylon in the fabric, the greater the tensile strength of the blended fabric. In addition, the moisture absorption of polyester fiber with added absorbent material is improved. The fabric obtained by blending with nylon fiber not only has high tensile strength, but also excellent moisture absorption and perspiration wicking ability.

[0035] Optionally, the adsorption layer further includes a liquid-absorbing layer, which is located on the side of the mixed fabric layer away from the skeleton layer and is connected to the mixed fabric layer by needle punching. The liquid-absorbing layer is made by mixing, carding, web laying, needle punching, hot pressing, and cold pressing of chitosan fiber, loofah fiber and low melting point polyester fiber in a mass ratio of 1:2-3:2-3.

[0036] By adopting the technical scheme, the chitosan fiber, the polyester fiber and the loofah fiber are mixed, carded, laid and needled, the three fibers are intertwined together by penetrating and holding each other, and after hot pressing, the low-melting-point polyester fiber is fused and bonded and adhered to the loofah fiber and the chitosan fiber, and a three-dimensional network structure having a communication with an external environment is formed by bonding, which provides a possibility for the rapid transmission and penetration of liquid, and a large number of inter-connected voids with the external environment enable air and moisture to be exchanged freely, and in addition, the loofah fiber has a high void ratio, so that the lotion layer has high advantages in moisture absorption, moisture dispersion and air permeability, and the moisture absorption of the chitosan fiber and the loofah fiber is obviously higher than that of the polyester fiber, and the chitosan fiber and the loofah fiber are more easily absorbed by water vapor, so that the chitosan fiber and the loofah fiber are located at the innermost side of the chemical protection fabric, and a gradient moisture absorption effect is formed with the mixed fabric layer, and a high moisture absorption effect is obtained, and in addition, the chitosan fiber is swollen to form a gel body after absorbing moisture, and the polyester fiber and the loofah fiber provide skeleton support for the shape of the gel body, so that the chitosan fiber has a better liquid absorption effect, the inside of the chemical protection clothing is kept dry, and the comfort is improved, and in addition, the chitosan has a certain antibacterial property, can avoid the generation of sticky and wet feeling, and avoid the accumulation of moisture in the material to cause bacterial breeding and other problems, and in addition, the three-dimensional network structure has good elasticity and is more soft and comfortable.

[0037] Optionally, the liquid absorption layer is made by the following method:

[0038] The low-melting-point polyester fiber is opened and mixed with the loofah fiber and the chitosan fiber, and after carding, laying and needling, the mixture is hot pressed at 130-140 DEG C and 2-3 MPa for 5-6 min and cold pressed at 1-1.5 MPa for 8-10 min.

[0039] By adopting the technical scheme, the three fibers are mixed, carded, laid, needled and hot pressed, the low-melting-point fiber is fused and bonded at this temperature to be used as a bonding agent, so that the chitosan fiber and the loofah fiber form a three-dimensional network structure, have high tensile strength, resilience and resistance to deformation, are soft and have good support, and can absorb moisture, disperse moisture and keep the inside of the chemical protection fabric dry to improve the comfort.

[0040] Optionally, the needle depth of the liquid absorption layer is 3 mm, the needle frequency is 300 strokes / min, and the needle density is 50 strokes / cm 2 .

[0041] Optionally, the adsorption layer is made by the following method:

[0042] The nylon fiber and the polyester fiber containing the adsorption material are mixed and needled to obtain a mixed fabric layer, the needle depth is 3 mm, the needle frequency is 200 strokes / min, and the needle density is 45 strokes / cm 2 .

[0043] The liquid absorption layer and the mixed fabric layer are stacked with each other and needled to obtain the adsorption layer. 2 .

[0044] By adopting the technical scheme, the liquid absorption layer and the mixed fabric layer are connected by needle punching to form a gradient structure, thereby achieving the effects of wet guiding and wet absorption.

[0045] Optionally, the adsorption material is at least one of activated carbon powder, zeolite powder, bentonite, diatomite, sepiolite powder and molecular sieve.

[0046] By adopting the technical scheme, the above raw materials have good moisture absorption, and the moisture absorption of the polyester fiber is enhanced, thereby facilitating moisture absorption and sweat absorption, increasing the dryness of the inner layer and improving the wearing comfort.

[0047] In the second aspect, the application provides a preparation process of a flame-retardant chemical-resistant fabric, which adopts the following technical scheme.

[0048] The preparation process of the flame-retardant chemical-resistant fabric comprises the following steps: roll coating PUR hot melt adhesive on both sides of the framework layer, then pasting the barrier layer on one side, pasting the barrier layer or the adsorption layer on the other side, and hot pressing to obtain the flame-retardant chemical-resistant fabric.

[0049] By adopting the technical scheme, the barrier layer is adhered to one side of the framework layer as an outer layer by using the PUR hot melt adhesive as a bonding layer, and the barrier layer or the adsorption layer is adhered to the other side of the framework layer as an inner layer, so that the fabric prepared in this way has the advantages of good high-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and high mechanical strength.

[0050] In summary, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0051] 1. Since the application adopts the composite fabric of aramid fiber / polyimide fiber as the framework layer, adheres the barrier layer to both sides of the framework layer by using the bonding layer, or adheres the barrier layer or the adsorption layer to both sides of the framework layer by using the bonding layer, the barrier layer is a PVC / TPU composite film, and the adsorption layer is a mixed fabric layer formed by nylon fiber and polyester fiber containing adsorption material, so that the flame-retardant chemical-resistant fabric prepared in this way can prevent inorganic chemical reagents from harming the human body, and has the effects of high-temperature resistance, flame retardation, acid and alkali corrosion resistance and sweat absorption.

[0052] 2, In the application, TPU, PVC and zirconium hydroxide-based polyurethane fiber aerogel are preferably used to prepare PVC / TPU composite film. Zirconium hydroxide can increase the high temperature resistance of the composite film. The three-dimensional fiber skeleton structure of the aerogel can absorb heat, reduce the burning temperature and reduce the generation of smoke, thereby enhancing the flame retardant effect. And because it contains zirconium hydroxide, the aerogel has excellent adsorption capacity and catalytic degradation activity, which can enhance the fireproof effect of chemical reagents.

[0053] 3, In the application, the woven fabric of aramid fiber and polyimide fiber is preferably impregnated with STF / polyketone nanofiber-containing epoxy resin emulsion. The filling of fiber powder can form a bridging effect to increase the impact resistance and puncture resistance of the composite fabric.

[0054] 4, In the application, the liquid absorption layer is preferably arranged in the adsorption layer, and the liquid absorption layer is located in the innermost layer, which can quickly absorb moisture and sweat, so that the protective fabric is always dry and comfortable to wear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The following examples further illustrate the application.

[0056] Preparation example of STF / polyketone composite nanofiber

[0057] Preparation example 1: 3g of nanosilica was vacuum dried at 120°C for 12h, dispersed in polyethylene glycol-400 to obtain STF with a silica content of 30wt%, and then left to stand for 24h to remove bubbles. 10wt% of anhydrous ethanol was added to reduce the viscosity, stirred for 8h, and left to stand for 12h to remove bubbles. The polyketone resin was vacuum dried at 60°C for 12h, dissolved in hexafluoroisopropanol at 25°C to prepare a polyketone solution with a concentration of 11wt%, and the polyketone resin was selected from Korea Xiaoxing, model M330F.

[0058] STF was used as the core liquid and the polyketone solution was used as the shell liquid. The core liquid and the shell liquid were respectively filled into two syringes, and coaxial electrospinning was carried out. The coaxial pillow model was 17 / 23, the voltage was 15kV, the core liquid advancing speed was 0.0007mm / s, the shell liquid advancing speed was 0.0028mm / s, the mass ratio of shell liquid to core liquid was 4:1, and the receiving distance was 18cm. STF / polyketone composite nanofiber was prepared. EXAMPLE

[0059] Embodiment 1: a flame-retardant chemical protective fabric, comprising, from outside to inside, an outer layer, an adhesive layer, a framework layer, an adhesive layer and an inner layer in contact with each other in sequence, the outer layer and the inner layer are both barrier layers, the adhesive layer is a PUR hot melt adhesive selected from Dongguan Yiming New Material, model K3013, the barrier layer is a PVC / TPU composite film, the PVC / TPU composite film is prepared as follows: PVC, TPU and pigment with a mass ratio of 1:4:0.01 are mixed, 105℃ for 10 minutes, 180℃ for 10 minutes, and then rolled at 20T at 170℃ to obtain a PVC / TPU composite film with a thickness of 0.2mm, PVC is selected from Guangdong Yaguangli Technology, item number LG-60A, TPU is selected from Yantai Wanhua, brand WHT-1180, and pigment is selected from Hangzhou Yayang Technology, model MJ-815 orange yellow, the framework layer is a composite fabric of aramid fiber / polyimide fiber, the aramid fiber / polyimide composite fabric is woven with aramid fiber as warp yarn with a mass ratio of 25% and polyimide fiber as weft yarn with a mass ratio of 75%, the warp and weft densities are 96 / 10cm and 60 / 10cm respectively, the fabric organization adopts 3 / 1 twill, and the specifications of aramid fiber and polyimide fiber are 40S / 2.

[0060] The preparation process of the above flame-retardant chemical protective fabric comprises the following steps:

[0061] The PUR hot melt adhesive is heated to melt, then the PUR hot melt adhesive is uniformly roll-coated on both sides of the framework layer, then the barrier layer is attached to both sides of the framework layer respectively, and the flame-retardant chemical protective fabric is prepared by hot pressing and compounding, the hot pressing and compounding temperature is 170℃, the pressure is 0.3MPa, and the forward speed of the framework layer is 4m / min.

[0062] Embodiment 2: a flame-retardant chemical protective fabric, comprising, from outside to inside, an outer layer, an adhesive layer, a framework layer, an adhesive layer and an inner layer in contact with each other in sequence, the outer layer and the inner layer are both barrier layers, the adhesive layer is a PUR hot melt adhesive selected from Dongguan Yiming New Material, model K3013, the barrier layer is a PVC / TPU composite film, the PVC / TPU composite film is prepared as follows: mixing PVC, TPU and pigment in a mass ratio of 1:2:0.005, 95℃ Baning for 15min, 170℃ plasticizing for 15min, 160℃ calendering with a pressure of 20T, obtaining a PVC / TPU composite film with a thickness of 0.2mm, PVC is selected from Guangdong Yaguangli Technology, item number LG-60A, TPU is selected from Yantai Wanhua, brand WHT-1180, pigment is selected from Hangzhou Yayang Technology, model MJ-815 orange yellow, the framework layer is a composite fabric of aramid fiber / polyimide fiber, the composite fabric of aramid fiber / polyimide fiber is woven with aramid fiber as warp yarn and polyimide fiber as weft yarn, the mass ratio of aramid fiber to polyimide fiber is 50:50, the warp and weft density is 96 / 10cm and 60 / 10cm respectively, the fabric organization adopts 3 / 1 twill, and the specifications of aramid fiber and polyimide fiber are 40S / 2.

[0063] The preparation process of the above flame-retardant chemical protective fabric comprises the following steps:

[0064] The PUR hot melt adhesive is heated to melt, then the PUR hot melt adhesive is uniformly roller coated on both sides of the framework layer, then the barrier layer is respectively attached on both sides of the framework layer, and the flame-retardant chemical protective fabric is prepared by hot pressing and compounding, the hot pressing and compounding temperature is 160℃, the pressure is 0.5MPa, and the forward speed of the framework layer is 5m / min.

[0065] Embodiment 3: A flame-retardant chemical protective fabric, comprising, from outside to inside, an outer layer, an adhesive layer, a framework layer, an adhesive layer and an inner layer in contact with each other in turn, the outer layer and the inner layer are both barrier layers, the adhesive layer is a PUR hot melt adhesive selected from Dongguan Yiming New Material, model K3013, the barrier layer is a PVC / TPU composite film, the PVC / TPU composite film is prepared as follows: mixing PVC, TPU and pigment in a mass ratio of 1:3:0.008, 100℃ Baniering for 13min, 175℃ plasticizing for 14min, 160℃ calendering at a pressure of 20T, obtaining a PVC / TPU composite film with a thickness of 0.2mm, PVC is selected from Guangdong Yaguangli Technology, item number LG-60A, TPU is selected from Yantai Wanhua, brand WHT-1180, pigment is selected from Hangzhou Yayang Technology, model MJ-815 orange yellow, the framework layer is a composite fabric of aramid fiber / polyimide fiber, the composite fabric of aramid fiber / polyimide fiber is woven with aramid fiber as warp yarn and polyimide fiber as weft yarn, the mass ratio of aramid fiber to polyimide fiber is 40:60, the warp and weft density is 96 / 10cm and 60 / 10cm respectively, the fabric organization adopts 3 / 1 twill, and the specifications of aramid fiber and polyimide fiber are 40S / 2.

[0066] The preparation process of the above flame-retardant chemical protective fabric comprises the following steps:

[0067] The PUR hot melt adhesive is heated to melt, then the PUR hot melt adhesive is uniformly roll-coated on both sides of the framework layer, then the barrier layer is attached to both sides of the framework layer respectively, and the flame-retardant chemical protective fabric is prepared by hot pressing and compounding, the hot pressing and compounding temperature is 165℃, the pressure is 0.4MPa, and the forward speed of the framework layer is 4m / min.

[0068] Embodiment 4: A flame-retardant chemical protective fabric, which is different from embodiment 1 in that the PVC / TPU composite film is prepared by the following method:

[0069] PVC, TPU, zirconium hydroxide-based polyurethane fiber aerogel and pigment with a mass ratio of 1:4:0.5:0.01 are mixed, 105°C Banli 10min, 180°C plasticization 10min, 170°C with 20T pressure calendering, a thickness of 0.2mm PVC / TPU composite film is obtained, wherein PVC is selected from Guangdong Yaguoli Technology, part number LG-60A, TPU is selected from Yantai Wanhua, brand WHT-1180, pigment is selected from Hangzhou Yayang Technology, model MJ-815 orange yellow, the preparation method of zirconium hydroxide-based polyurethane fiber aerogel is as follows: (1) 20g TPU is dissolved with N,N-dimethylformamide to prepare a solution with a concentration of 20wt%, 10g zirconium acetate is added, uniformly mixed, electrospun, vacuum dried at 50°C for 2h to remove the solvent, soaked with 1mol / l ammonia solution for 3h, vacuum dried at 80°C for 8h to prepare zirconium hydroxide-based nanofiber, the receiving distance is 20cm, the spinning speed is 2ml / h, and the spinning voltage is 20kV;

[0070] (2) 10g zirconium hydroxide-based nanofiber is cut and dispersed into 30g acetone, 5g magnesium hydroxide whisker is added, uniformly mixed to prepare a fiber dispersion liquid;

[0071] (3) 5.32g methyltrimethoxysilane and 0.04g oxalic acid are added to a mixture of 32g water and 80g ethanol, stirred and hydrolyzed, then added to the fiber dispersion liquid, uniformly mixed, frozen in liquid nitrogen environment at-196°C for 15min to promote ice crystal growth, then vacuum freeze-dried for 20h to prepare zirconium hydroxide-based polyurethane fiber aerogel.

[0072] Example 5: A flame-retardant chemical protective fabric, which is different from example 1 in that the PVC / TPU composite film as the barrier layer is prepared by the following method:

[0073] PVC, TPU, zirconium hydroxide-based polyurethane fiber aerogel and pigment with a mass ratio of 1:4:0.5:0.01 are mixed, 105°C Banli 10min, 180°C plasticization 10min, 170°C with 20T pressure calendering, a thickness of 0.2mm PVC / TPU composite film is obtained, wherein PVC is selected from Guangdong Yaguoli Technology, part number LG-60A, TPU is selected from Yantai Wanhua, brand WHT-1180, pigment is selected from Hangzhou Yayang Technology, model MJ-815 orange yellow, the preparation method of zirconium hydroxide-based polyurethane fiber aerogel is as follows:

[0074] (1) 15 g of TPU was dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide to prepare a solution with a concentration of 20 wt%, 10 g of zirconium acetate was added, and after mixing uniformly, electrospinning was performed, vacuum drying at 50°C for 2 h to remove the solvent, after soaking in ammonia water with a molar concentration of 1 mol / l for 3 h, vacuum drying at 80°C for 8 h to prepare zirconium hydroxide-based nanofibers, the receiving distance was 20 cm, the spinning speed was 2 ml / h, and the spinning voltage was 20 kV;

[0075] (2) 10 g of zirconium hydroxide-based nanofibers were cut and dispersed into 30 g of acetone, 3 g of magnesium hydroxide whiskers were added, and after mixing uniformly, a fiber dispersion liquid was prepared;

[0076] (3) 5.32 g of methyltrimethoxysilane and 0.04 g of oxalic acid were added to a mixture of 32 g of water and 80 g of ethanol, after stirring and hydrolysis, they were added to the fiber dispersion liquid, after mixing uniformly, they were frozen in a liquid nitrogen environment at -196°C for 15 min to promote ice crystal growth, and then vacuum freeze-dried for 20 h to prepare zirconium hydroxide-based polyurethane fiber aerogel.

[0077] Example 6: A flame-retardant and chemical-resistant fabric, which differs from Example 4 in that when preparing the zirconium hydroxide-based polyurethane fiber aerogel, no magnesium hydroxide whiskers are added in step (2).

[0078] Example 7: A flame-retardant and chemical-resistant fabric, which differs from Example 4 in that when preparing the zirconium hydroxide-based polyurethane fiber aerogel, methyltrimethoxysilane and oxalic acid are not used, and a mixture of 32 g of water and 80 g of ethanol is stirred and then added to the fiber dispersion liquid, after mixing uniformly, it is frozen in a liquid nitrogen environment at -196°C for 15 min to promote ice crystal growth, and then vacuum freeze-dried for 20 h to prepare the zirconium hydroxide-based polyurethane fiber aerogel.

[0079] Example 8: A flame-retardant and chemical-resistant fabric, which differs from Example 4 in that the same mass of zirconium hydroxide is used instead of the zirconium hydroxide-based polyurethane fiber aerogel.

[0080] Example 9: A flame-retardant and chemical-resistant fabric, which differs from Example 4 in that the aramid plant / polyimide fiber composite fabric is made by the following method:

[0081] (1) Aramid fibers with a mass ratio of 40% were used as warp yarns, and polyimide fibers with a mass ratio of 60% were used as weft yarns to weave, to prepare a woven fabric, the warp and weft densities were 96 and 60 roots / 10 cm respectively, the fabric organization adopted 3 / 1 twill, and the specifications of aramid fibers and polyimide fibers were 40S / 2;

[0082] (2) The STF / polyketone composite nanofiber prepared in Preparation Example 1 is crushed to obtain a fiber powder, the fiber powder is dispersed into an epoxy resin emulsion to obtain a treatment liquid, the mass ratio of the fiber powder to the epoxy resin emulsion is 0.3:1, the epoxy resin emulsion comprises a water-based epoxy emulsion and a social epoxy curing agent in a mass ratio of 1:0.1, the water-based epoxy emulsion is selected from Guangzhou Yikexin Material Technology Co., Ltd., and the model is YK-300, and the water-based epoxy curing agent is selected from Guangzhou Yikexin Material Technology Co., Ltd., and the model is YK-289;

[0083] (3) The woven fabric is immersed in the treatment liquid, the woven fabric is taken out, and the woven fabric is dried after hot pressing at 1.5 MPa for 20 s to obtain a composite fabric of aramid fiber / polyimide.

[0084] Example 10: A flame-retardant and chemical-resistant fabric, which is different from Example 4 in that the composite fabric of aramid fiber / polyimide is prepared by the following method:

[0085] (1) Aramid fiber with a mass ratio of 40% is used as warp yarn, and polyimide fiber with a mass ratio of 60% is used as weft yarn to weave a woven fabric, the warp and weft densities are 96 and 60 per 10 cm respectively, the fabric organization adopts 3 / 1 twill, and the specifications of the aramid fiber and the polyimide fiber are 40S / 2;

[0086] (2) The STF / polyketone composite nanofiber prepared in Preparation Example 1 is crushed to obtain a fiber powder, the fiber powder is dispersed into an epoxy resin emulsion to obtain a treatment liquid, the mass ratio of the fiber powder to the epoxy resin emulsion is 0.2:1, the epoxy resin emulsion comprises a water-based epoxy emulsion and a social epoxy curing agent in a mass ratio of 1:0.1, the water-based epoxy emulsion is selected from Guangzhou Yikexin Material Technology Co., Ltd., and the model is YK-300, and the water-based epoxy curing agent is selected from Guangzhou Yikexin Material Technology Co., Ltd., and the model is YK-289;

[0087] (3) The woven fabric is immersed in the treatment liquid, the woven fabric is taken out, and the woven fabric is dried after hot pressing at 1.5 MPa for 20 s to obtain a composite fabric of aramid fiber / polyimide.

[0088] Example 11: A flame-retardant and chemical-resistant fabric, which is different from Example 1 in that the outer layer is a barrier layer, and the inner layer is an adsorption layer, the adsorption layer is a mixed fabric layer prepared by mixing nylon fiber and polyester fiber containing adsorbent material in a mass ratio of 6:4 and needling, the needling depth is 3 mm, the needling frequency is 200 strokes / min, and the needling density is 45 strokes / cm 2 , the content of the adsorbent material in the polyester fiber containing the adsorbent material is 15 wt%, and the specific preparation method is as follows: the adsorbent material is crushed to below 1 μm, PET chips are mixed with the crushed adsorbent material, are densified, are melt-spun, the melting temperature is 220 ℃, and the adsorbent material is activated carbon powder.

[0089] Example 12: A flame-retardant chemical protective fabric, which is different from example 11 in that the outer layer is a barrier layer and the inner layer is an adsorption layer, the adsorption layer comprises a mixed fabric layer and a liquid absorption layer, and the preparation method of the adsorption layer is as follows: ① mixed fabric layer: mixing and needling nylon fiber and polyester fiber containing adsorbent material with a mass ratio of 6:4, the needling depth is 3mm, the needling frequency is 200 strokes / min, and the needling density is 45 strokes / cm 2 , the content of adsorbent material in the polyester fiber containing adsorbent material is 20wt%, and the specific preparation method is as follows: grinding the adsorbent material to below 1μm, mixing the PET chip with the ground adsorbent material, densifying, melt spinning, the melting temperature is 220℃, the PET chip is selected from Yizheng Chemical Fiber, the brand is FG620, and the adsorbent material is activated carbon powder;

[0090] ② liquid absorption layer: after opening the low-melting-point polyester fiber, the loofah fiber and chitosan fiber are mixed uniformly, after carding, laying, needling, hot pressing at 130℃ and 3MPa for 6min, and cold pressing at 1.5MPa for 8min, the mass ratio of chitosan fiber, loofah fiber and low-melting-point polyester fiber is 1:3:3, the needling depth is 3mm, the needling frequency is 300 strokes / min, and the needling density is 50 strokes / cm 2 , the loofah fiber is 2cm long, which is obtained by crushing the loofah, washing with clean water, soaking in a 4% sodium hydroxide solution at 120℃ for 3h, and then washing, soaking and drying, the chitosan fiber is selected from Qingdao Jifa New Material, the thickness is 1.5d, and the low-melting-point polyester fiber is selected from Hangzhou Yaoyang Technology, the thickness is 7D;

[0091] ③ adsorption layer: the mixed fabric layer prepared in step ① and the liquid absorption layer prepared in step ② are superimposed on each other, needling is performed to obtain a liquid absorption layer, the needling depth is 5mm, the needling frequency is 420 strokes / min, and the needling density is 100 strokes / cm 2 .

[0092] The preparation process of the above flame-retardant chemical protective fabric comprises the following steps:

[0093] The PUR hot melt adhesive is heated to melt, then the PUR hot melt adhesive is uniformly sprayed on both sides of the framework layer, the barrier layer is attached to one side of the framework layer, and the mixed fabric layer in the adsorption layer is attached to the other side of the framework layer, and then hot pressing is performed to obtain the flame-retardant chemical protective fabric, the hot pressing temperature is 170℃, the pressure is 0.3MPa, and the forward speed of the framework layer is 4m / min.

[0094] Example 13: A flame-retardant chemical protective fabric, which is different from example 11 in that the outer layer is a barrier layer and the inner layer is an adsorption layer, the adsorption layer comprising a mixed fabric layer and a liquid absorption layer, and the adsorption layer is prepared as follows: ① mixed fabric layer: mixed nylon fiber and polyester fiber containing adsorbent material with a mass ratio of 6.5:3.5, needle punched into a mixed fabric layer, needle punching depth 3mm, needle punching frequency 200 strokes / min, needle punching density 45 strokes / cm 2 , the content of adsorbent material in the polyester fiber containing adsorbent material is 15wt%, and the specific preparation method is as follows: the adsorbent material is crushed to below 1μm, the PET chip is mixed with the crushed adsorbent material, and the mixture is mixed, mixed, and melt spun, the melting temperature is 220℃, the PET chip is selected from Yizheng Chemical Fiber, the brand is FG620, and the adsorbent material is activated carbon powder;

[0095] ② liquid absorption layer: the low-melting-point polyester fiber is opened and mixed with the loofah fiber and chitosan fiber, and then the mixture is carded, laid, and needled, and then hot pressed at 140℃ and 2MPa for 5min, and cold pressed at 1MPa for 10min, the mass ratio of chitosan fiber, loofah fiber and low-melting-point polyester fiber is 1:2:2, the needle punching depth is 3mm, the needle punching frequency is 300 strokes / min, and the needle punching density is 50 strokes / cm 2 , the loofah fiber is 2cm long, the loofah fiber is crushed and washed with water, then soaked in a 4% sodium hydroxide solution at 120℃ for 3h, and then washed, soaked and dried, the chitosan fiber is selected from Qingdao Jifan New Material, the thickness is 1.5d, and the low-melting-point polyester fiber is selected from Hangzhou Yaoyang Technology, the thickness is 7D;

[0096] ③ adsorption layer: the mixed fabric layer prepared in step ① and the liquid absorption layer prepared in step ② are stacked on each other and needled to obtain a liquid absorption layer, the needle punching depth is 5mm, the needle punching frequency is 420 strokes / min, and the needle punching density is 100 strokes / cm 2 .

[0097] The preparation process of the above flame-retardant chemical protective fabric comprises the following steps:

[0098] The PUR hot melt adhesive is heated to melt, then the PUR hot melt adhesive is uniformly sprayed on both sides of the framework layer, the barrier layer is attached to one side of the framework layer, and the mixed fabric layer in the adsorption layer is attached to the other side of the framework layer, and then hot pressed and compounded to obtain the flame-retardant chemical protective fabric, the hot pressing and compounding temperature is 170℃, the pressure is 0.3MPa, and the forward speed of the framework layer is 4m / min.

[0099] Example 14: A flame-retardant chemical protective fabric, which is different from example 12 in that the liquid absorbing layer is made of chitosan fiber and low-melting-point polyester fiber with a mass ratio of 1:3, mixed, carded, laid, needled, and then hot-pressed at 140℃ and 2MPa for 5min, cold-pressed at 1MPa for 10min, needled, hot-pressed at 130℃ and 3MPa for 6min, cold-pressed at 1.5MPa for 8min, with a needle depth of 3mm, a needle frequency of 300 strokes / min, and a needle density of 50 strokes / cm 2 , the chitosan fiber is selected from Qingdao Jifa New Materials, with a thickness of 1.5d.

[0100] Example 15: A flame-retardant chemical protective fabric, which is different from example 12 in that the liquid absorbing layer is made of loofah fiber and low-melting-point polyester fiber with a mass ratio of 1:3, mixed, carded, laid, needled, and then hot-pressed at 140℃ and 2MPa for 5min, cold-pressed at 1MPa for 10min, needled, hot-pressed at 130℃ and 3MPa for 6min, cold-pressed at 1.5MPa for 8min, with a needle depth of 3mm, a needle frequency of 300 strokes / min, and a needle density of 50 strokes / cm 2 , the loofah fiber is 2cm long, prepared by crushing loofah, washing with water, soaking in a 4% sodium hydroxide solution at 120℃ for 3h, and then washing, soaking, and drying, and the low-melting-point polyester fiber is selected from Hangzhou Yaoyang Technology, with a thickness of 7D.

[0101] Example 16: A flame-retardant chemical protective fabric, which includes, from the outside to the inside, an outer layer, an adhesive layer, a skeleton layer, an adhesive layer, and an inner layer in contact with each other in turn, the outer layer is a barrier layer, and the inner layer is an adsorption layer.

[0102] The adhesive layer is a PUR hot melt adhesive, selected from Dongguan Yiming New Materials, model K3013.

[0103] The barrier layer is a PVC / TPU composite film, which is prepared by the following method: mixing PVC, TPU, zirconium hydroxide-based polyurethane fiber aerogel, and pigment with a mass ratio of 1:2:0.3:0.005, 105℃ Banbury 10min, 180℃ plasticizing 10min, calendering at 170℃ with a pressure of 20T, to obtain a PVC / TPU composite film with a thickness of 0.2mm, wherein the PVC is selected from Guangdong Yaguoli Technology, item number LG-60A, the TPU is selected from Yantai Wanhua, model number WHT-1180, the pigment is selected from Hangzhou Yayang Technology, model number MJ-815 orange yellow, and the preparation method of the zirconium hydroxide-based polyurethane fiber aerogel is as follows:

[0104] (1) 15 g of TPU was dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide to prepare a solution with a concentration of 20 wt%, 10 g of zirconium acetate was added, and after mixing uniformly, electrospinning was performed, vacuum drying at 50°C for 2 h to remove the solvent, after soaking in 1 mol / l ammonia water for 3 h, vacuum drying at 80°C for 8 h to prepare zirconium hydroxide-based nanofibers, the receiving distance was 20 cm, the spinning speed was 2 ml / h, and the spinning voltage was 20 kV;

[0105] (2) 10 g of zirconium hydroxide-based nanofibers were cut and dispersed into 30 g of acetone, 3 g of magnesium hydroxide whiskers were added, and after mixing uniformly, a fiber dispersion liquid was prepared;

[0106] (3) 5.32 g of methyltrimethoxysilane and 0.04 g of oxalic acid were added to a mixture of 32 g of water and 80 g of ethanol, after stirring and hydrolysis, they were added to the fiber dispersion liquid, and after mixing uniformly, they were frozen in a liquid nitrogen environment at -196°C for 15 min to promote ice crystal growth, and then vacuum freeze-dried for 20 h to prepare zirconium hydroxide-based polyurethane fiber aerogel;

[0107] The skeleton layer is a composite fabric of aramid fiber / polyimide fiber, and the aramid fiber / polyimide fiber composite fabric is prepared by the following method:

[0108] (1) Aramid fiber with a mass fraction of 40% was used as warp yarn, and polyimide fiber with a mass fraction of 60% was used as weft yarn to weave, and a woven fabric was prepared, the warp and weft densities were 96 and 60 roots / 10 cm respectively, the fabric organization adopted 3 / 1 diagonal, and the specifications of aramid fiber and polyimide fiber were 40S / 2;

[0109] (2) The STF / polyketone composite nanofiber prepared in Preparation Example 1 was crushed to prepare a fiber powder, and the fiber powder was dispersed into an epoxy resin emulsion to prepare a treatment liquid, the mass ratio of the fiber powder to the epoxy resin emulsion was 0.3:1, the epoxy resin emulsion included water-based epoxy emulsion and social epoxy curing agent with a mass ratio of 1:0.1, the water-based epoxy emulsion was selected from Guangzhou Yike New Material Technology, and the type was YK-300, and the water-based epoxy curing agent was selected from Guangzhou Yike New Material Technology, and the type was YK-289;

[0110] (3) The woven fabric was immersed in the treatment liquid, and after taking out the woven fabric, hot pressing at 1.5 MPa for 20 s and drying, an aramid fiber / polyimide composite fabric was prepared;

[0111] The adsorption layer includes a mixed fabric layer and a liquid absorption layer, and the preparation method of the adsorption layer is as follows: ① mixed fabric layer: nylon fiber and polyester fiber containing adsorbent material were mixed and needled with a mass ratio of 6:4, the needle depth was 3 mm, the needle frequency was 200 strokes / min, and the needle density was 45 strokes / cm 2, the content of the adsorbing material in the polyester fiber containing the adsorbing material is 20wt%, and the specific preparation method is as follows: the adsorbing material is crushed to below 1μm, the PET chip is mixed with the crushed adsorbing material, is densified, is melted and is spun, the melting temperature is 220℃, the PET chip is selected from Yizheng Chemical Fiber, the brand is FG620, and the adsorbing material is activated carbon powder;

[0112] ②The liquid absorbing layer: the low-melting-point polyester fiber is opened and mixed with the luffa fiber and the chitosan fiber uniformly, is carded, is laid, is needled and is hot-pressed at 130℃ and 3MPa for 6min and is cold-pressed at 1.5MPa for 8min, the mass ratio of the chitosan fiber, the luffa fiber and the low-melting-point polyester fiber is 1:3:3, the needling depth is 3mm, the needling frequency is 300 strokes / min and the needling density is 50 strokes / cm 2 , the luffa fiber is 2cm long, is prepared by crushing the luffa, washing with clean water, immersing in a 4% sodium hydroxide solution at 120℃ for 3h, then washing, immersing and drying, the chitosan fiber is selected from Qingdao Jifa New Material, the thickness is 1.5d, and the low-melting-point polyester fiber is selected from Hangzhou Yaoyang Science and Technology, the thickness is 7D;

[0113] ③The adsorbing layer: the mixed fabric layer prepared in step ① and the liquid absorbing layer prepared in step ② are superimposed on each other and are needled to obtain the liquid absorbing layer, the needling depth is 5mm, the needling frequency is 420 strokes / min and the needling density is 100 strokes / cm 2 .

[0114] The preparation process of the above-mentioned flame-retardant chemical-proof fabric comprises the following steps:

[0115] The PUR hot melt adhesive is heated to melt, then is uniformly sprayed on both sides of the framework layer, the barrier layer is attached to one side of the framework layer, and the mixed fabric layer in the adsorbing layer is attached to the other side of the framework layer, and the flame-retardant chemical-proof fabric is prepared by hot pressing and compounding, the hot pressing and compounding temperature is 170℃, the pressure is 0.3MPa, and the forward speed of the framework layer is 4m / min. Comparative example

[0116] Comparative example 1: a flame-retardant chemical-proof fabric, which is different from example 1 in that no framework layer is arranged, the flame-retardant chemical-proof fabric comprises a flame-retardant layer, a bonding layer and a flame-retardant layer which are in contact in sequence, and the preparation method is as follows: the PUR hot melt adhesive is heated to melt, then is uniformly sprayed on one side of the barrier layer, and the other barrier layer is attached to the PUR hot melt adhesive, and the flame-retardant chemical-proof fabric is prepared by hot pressing and compounding, the hot pressing and compounding temperature is 170℃, the pressure is 0.3MPa, and the forward speed of the framework layer is 4m / min.

[0117] Comparative example 2: a flame-retardant chemical-proof fabric, which is different from example 11 in that no adsorbing material is added to the polyester fiber.

[0118] Comparative Example 3: A flame-retardant chemical protective fabric, which is different from Example 11 in that the adsorption layer is made of polyester fibers by carding and needling.

[0119] Performance test

[0120] The flame-retardant chemical protective fabric was prepared according to the above method, and the performance was tested according to the following method, and the test results are recorded in Table 1.

[0121] 1. Puncture resistance: tested according to GB / T 20655-2006 "Protective clothing - Mechanical properties - Determination of the resistance to puncture".

[0122] 2. Tearing strength: tested according to GB / T 3923.1-2013 "Textiles - Determination of the tensile properties of fabrics - Part 1: determination of the force at break and elongation at break (strip method)".

[0123] 3. Chemical protective performance: tested according to Appendix G of GA770-2008 "Chemical protective clothing for firefighters", and the penetration time of the barrier layer to chemicals was tested.

[0124] 4. Limiting oxygen index: tested according to GB / T 2406.2-2009 "Determination of the flammability of plastic materials - Part 2: test method - vertical burning of specimens in the form of bars", and the sample size is 150mm x 58mm.

[0125] 5. Moisture absorption rate: tested according to the relevant provisions in GB / T 21655.1-2008 "Textiles - Assessment of the moisture management performance", and the size of each test fabric is 10cm x 10cm; each test is repeated 3 times, and the average value is taken.

[0126] Table 1 Performance test results of flame-retardant chemical protective fabric

[0127]

[0128] It can be seen from Examples 1-3 and Table 1 that the flame-retardant chemical protective fabric made of PVC / TPU composite film as the barrier layer, aramid fiber / polyimide fiber composite fabric as the skeleton layer, and the barrier layer bonded on both sides of the skeleton layer by PUR hot melt adhesive has strong puncture resistance and tearing resistance, good barrier property to chemicals, strong flame retardancy, and the water vapor transmission rate needs to be improved when tested from the inside.

[0129] The PVC / TPU composite film containing zirconium hydroxide-based polyurethane fiber aerogel is used in Examples 4 and 5, and magnesium hydroxide whiskers are added during the preparation of the zirconium hydroxide-based polyurethane fiber aerogel, which improves the flame-retardant effect and strength of the aerogel. As can be seen from the data in Table 1, compared with Example 1, the flame-retardant chemical protective fabric prepared in Example 4 has improved puncture resistance and tear resistance, increased oxygen index, improved flame-retardant effect, and slightly enhanced water vapor absorption and permeability.

[0130] Example 6 does not use magnesium hydroxide whiskers during the preparation of the zirconium hydroxide-based polyester aerogel, and as can be seen from the data in Table 1, the flame-retardant ability of the flame-retardant chemical protective fabric prepared in Example 6 is reduced, and the puncture resistance and breaking strength are slightly reduced, indicating that the addition of magnesium hydroxide can improve the mechanical strength of the PVC / TPU composite film, thereby enhancing the puncture resistance and tensile resistance of the flame-retardant chemical protective fabric, and improving the flame-retardant effect of the fabric.

[0131] In Example 7, methyltrimethoxysilane and oxalic acid are not used to treat the fiber dispersion liquid, and as can be seen from Example 4, the puncture resistance and breaking strength of the flame-retardant chemical protective fabric prepared in Example 7 are slightly reduced, but the oxygen index changes little, indicating that the treatment with methyltrimethoxysilane and the like can improve the compatibility of the aerogel with PVC and TPU, and increase the mechanical strength of the composite film.

[0132] In Example 8, zirconium hydroxide is used instead of zirconium hydroxide-based polyurethane fiber aerogel, and as can be seen from the data in Table 1, compared with Example 4, the breaking strength and puncture resistance of the flame-retardant chemical protective fabric prepared in Example 8 are reduced, and the oxygen index and moisture permeability are reduced, indicating that the use of zirconium hydroxide alone in the PVC / TPU composite film can improve the performance of the composite film to some extent, but the improvement effect is not as good as that of the zirconium hydroxide-based polyurethane fiber aerogel.

[0133] In Examples 9 and 10, not only is the PVC / TPU composite film prepared from PVC, TPU, and zirconium hydroxide-based polyurethane fiber aerogel used, but also the fiber powder of STF / polyketone composite nanofiber is used to impregnate the woven fabric of aramid fiber and polyimide fiber, and the aramid fiber / polyimide fiber composite fabric thus prepared is used as a skeleton layer. Compared with Example 4, the puncture resistance and breaking strength of the flame-retardant chemical protective fabric prepared in Examples 9 and 10 are significantly improved, and the oxygen index is slightly increased.

[0134] Example 11 uses PVC / TPU composite film as the barrier layer, and the inner layer is the adsorption layer, and the adsorption layer is made of nylon fibers and polyester fibers containing adsorbent materials mixed and needled, so the flame-retardant and chemical-resistant fabric prepared in Example 11 has a decrease in puncture resistance, breaking strength and oxygen index, but its moisture permeability increases, indicating that using the adsorption layer as the inner layer, although the puncture resistance and breaking strength decrease slightly, the moisture absorption is enhanced, and the wearing comfort is improved.

[0135] Example 12 and Example 13 compared with Example 11, which uses PVC / TPU composite film as the barrier layer, uses mixed fabric layer and liquid absorption layer to stack and needle the adsorption layer, the mixed fabric layer is made of nylon fibers and polyester fibers containing adsorbent materials mixed and needled, and the liquid absorption layer is made of chitosan fibers, loofah fibers and low-melting-point polyester fibers mixed and needled, the data in Table 1 shows that the flame-retardant and chemical-resistant fabric prepared in Example 12 and Example 13 has significantly enhanced moisture absorption, improved puncture resistance and breaking strength, but its oxygen index decreases slightly.

[0136] Example 14 and Example 15 compared with Example 12, respectively without adding loofah fibers and chitosan fibers, the liquid absorption layer made of the mixed fabric layer and the adsorption layer obtained by needling has a decrease in moisture absorption, so it is difficult to absorb sweat in time, affecting the wearing comfort.

[0137] In Example 16, the barrier layer is used as the outer layer, the adsorption layer is used as the inner layer, and the aramid fiber / polyimide composite fabric is used as the skeleton layer, the barrier layer uses PVC / TPU composite film containing zirconium hydroxide-based polyurethane fiber aerogel, the adsorption layer contains liquid absorption layer, and the skeleton layer contains STF / polyketone composite nanofiber, as can be seen in Table 1, the flame-retardant and chemical-resistant fabric prepared in Example 16 has excellent puncture resistance and tensile strength, good flame-retardant effect, and good sweat permeability.

[0138] Comparative Example 1 compared with Example 1, without adding the skeleton layer, only using PUR hot melt adhesive to bond two barrier layers, it can be seen that the flame-retardant and chemical-resistant fabric prepared thereby has a decrease in flame-retardant effect, mechanical strength and permeation prevention effect.

[0139] Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 3 compared with Example 11, Comparative Example 2 does not add adsorbent material, and Comparative Example 3 uses polyester fiber as the adsorption layer, the mechanical strength in Comparative Example 2 changes little, but its moisture absorption effect decreases significantly, and the adsorption strength in Comparative Example 3 decreases significantly, and the puncture resistance and breaking strength decrease.

[0140] This specific embodiment is only an explanation of the present application, and is not a limitation of the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications to the present embodiment without creative contribution after reading the present specification, but as long as it is within the scope of the claims of the present application, it is protected by the patent law.

Claims

1. A flame resistant, chemical protective fabric, characterized in that, The flame-retardant chemical protection fabric comprises, from outside to inside, an outer layer, a bonding layer, a framework layer, a bonding layer and an inner layer which are in contact with each other in sequence, the outer layer is a barrier layer, and the inner layer is a barrier layer or an adsorption layer; The framework layer is selected from at least one of aramid fiber / polyimide fiber composite fabric, basalt fiber cloth, glass fiber cloth, flame-retardant polyester fabric and flame-retardant acrylic fiber cloth; The barrier layer is a PVC / TPU composite film; The adsorption layer comprises a mixed fabric layer formed by nylon fibers and polyester fibers containing adsorbent material; The PVC / TPU composite film comprises PVC, TPU and zirconium hydroxide-based polyurethane fiber aerogel in a mass ratio of 1:2-4:0.3-0.5; The zirconium hydroxide-based polyurethane fiber aerogel contains zirconium hydroxide-based nanofiber and magnesium hydroxide whisker in a mass ratio of 1:0.3-0.5, and the zirconium hydroxide-based nanofiber contains zirconium acetate and polyurethane in a mass ratio of 1:1.5-2; The zirconium hydroxide-based polyurethane fiber aerogel is prepared by the following method: dissolving TPU, adding zirconium acetate, mixing, electrospinning, drying, soaking in ammonia water, and drying to obtain zirconium hydroxide-based nanofiber; The zirconium hydroxide-based nanofiber is cut and dispersed in acetone, magnesium hydroxide whisker is added, and the mixture is stirred uniformly to obtain a fiber dispersion liquid; Methyltrimethoxysilane and oxalic acid are added to a mixed solvent of water and ethanol, stirred and hydrolyzed, and then added to the fiber dispersion liquid, mixed uniformly, and freeze-dried to obtain zirconium hydroxide-based fiber aerogel.

2. The flame resistant chemical protective fabric of claim 1, wherein: The aramid fiber / polyimide composite fabric is prepared by the following method: Aramid fibers and polyimide fibers are woven to obtain a woven fabric; STF / polyketone composite nanofiber powder is crushed to obtain a fiber powder, the fiber powder is dispersed in an epoxy resin emulsion to obtain a treatment liquid, and the mass ratio of the fiber powder to the epoxy resin emulsion is 0.2-0.3:1; The woven fabric is immersed in the treatment liquid, taken out, hot-pressed at 1-1.5 MPa, and then dried to obtain the aramid fiber / polyimide composite fabric.

3. The flame resistant chemical protective fabric of claim 1, wherein: The mass ratio of aramid fibers to polyimide fibers in the aramid fiber / polyimide composite fabric is 25-50%:50-75%.

4. The flame resistant chemical protective fabric of claim 1, wherein: The mass ratio of nylon fibers to polyester fibers containing adsorbent material in the mixed fabric layer is 6-6.5:3.5-4, and the content of the adsorbent material in the polyester fibers containing adsorbent material is 15-20 wt%.

5. The flame resistant chemical protective fabric of claim 1, wherein: The adsorption layer further comprises a liquid absorption layer, which is located on the side of the mixed fabric layer away from the framework layer and is connected to the mixed fabric layer by needling, and the liquid absorption layer is prepared by mixing, carding, laying, needling, hot pressing, cold pressing and shaping chitosan fibers, loofah fibers and low-melting-point polyester fibers in a mass ratio of 1:2-3:2-3.

6. The flame resistant chemical protective fabric of claim 5, wherein: The liquid absorption layer is prepared by the following method: the low-melting-point polyester fibers are opened and mixed uniformly with the loofah fibers and chitosan fibers, carded, laid, needled, hot-pressed at 130-140℃ and 2-3 MPa for 5-6 min, and cold-pressed at 1-1.5 MPa for 8-10 min.

7. The flame resistant chemical protective fabric of claim 1, wherein: The adsorbent material is at least one of activated carbon powder, zeolite powder, bentonite, diatomite, sepiolite powder and molecular sieve.

8. A process for the preparation of the flame resistant chemical protective fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It comprises the following steps: Rolling PUR hot melt glue on both sides of the skeleton layer, then sticking the barrier layer on one side, and sticking the barrier layer or adsorption layer on the other side, and then hot pressing to obtain the flame-retardant and chemical-proof fabric.

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