Compost and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides compost and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of organic fertilizers, the compost comprises the following components by weight: 900-1100 parts of crop straw, 200-300 parts of animal excreta, 100-200 parts of an organic auxiliary material, and 1.5-7.5 parts of a complex microbial inoculant; the complex microbial inoculants comprise lactic acid bacteria, bacillus licheniformis, thermophilic trichoderma, actinomycetes and white rot fungi. The preparation method of the compost mainly comprises the following steps: stacking the crop straws and the organic auxiliary materials layer by layer, and compacting; uniformly sprinkling animal excrement on each layer, and then inoculating a complex microbial inoculant; punching a hole in the top of the pile to monitor the moisture content in the pile in the composting process; pile turning treatment is carried out in the composting process. According to the invention, the complex microbial inoculants are adopted for compost maturing treatment, so that the maturing speed can be increased, the maturing effect can be improved, and the content of nutrient substances in compost is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizers, and particularly relates to a compost and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] China has a vast cultivated land area, distributed in different geographical regions. However, the land in some areas is barren and not conducive to farming. In addition, the excessive use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers in crop cultivation has caused problems such as soil structure damage and nutrient deficiency. In recent years, people have begun to use compost for planting to prevent further damage to the soil structure and to supplement nutrients to the damaged soil for repair.

[0003] Compost is an organic fertilizer, which contains more nutrients than chemical fertilizers, has a long and stable fertilizer effect, and is conducive to promoting the formation of soil granular structure, increasing the soil's water retention, heat preservation, air permeability, and fertilizer retention capabilities. Compost is usually prepared by mixing and fermenting animal and plant waste, water, and microorganisms. This not only disposes of the waste and avoids environmental pollution but also brings environmentally friendly biological fertilizers to the cultivated land.

[0004] At present, the methods for compost production are complex, the preparation cost is high, the composting time is long, and the composting effect is not good, resulting in low nutrient content and being not conducive to crop growth. The present invention provides a compost and a preparation method thereof, with good composting effect and containing a large amount of nutrients. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (1) Technical Problems to be Solved

[0006] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a compost and a preparation method thereof, which solve the problems of long composting time, poor composting effect, and low nutrient content of the existing compost.

[0007] (2) Technical Solutions

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0009] A compost, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 900 - 1100 parts of crop straw, 200 - 300 parts of animal excrement, 100 - 200 parts of organic auxiliary materials, and 1.5 - 7.5 parts of compound bacterial agent;

[0010] The compound bacterial agent includes lactic acid bacteria, bacillus licheniformis, thermomyces lanuginosus, actinomycetes, and white rot fungi.

[0011] Preferably, the lactic acid bacteria, the bacillus licheniformis, the thermomyces lanuginosus, the actinomycetes, and the white rot fungi are in a weight ratio of 1:(1.8 - 2.1):(1.4 - 1.6):1:1.

[0012] Preferably, the crop straw is a mixture of barley straw and corn straw with a weight ratio of 1:(2-3).

[0013] Preferably, the animal excrement is a mixture of pig manure, chicken manure, and sheep manure with a weight ratio of 1:(1.5-1.8):(2-2.5).

[0014] Preferably, the organic auxiliary materials are a mixture of at least two of peanut bran, rapeseed cake, oil cake, tung oil cake, tea oil cake, soybean cake, soybean cake meal, mushroom residue, and cassava residue.

[0015] The method for preparing compost includes the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Mix the crop straw and organic auxiliary materials evenly, then stack and tamp the mixture layer by layer; evenly sprinkle the animal excrement on each layer and then inoculate with a composite microbial agent, and then stack the upper layer, stacking 6-8 layers;

[0017] Step 2: Make holes on the top of the stack to monitor the water content in the stack during the composting process to determine whether to add water;

[0018] Step 3: During the composting process, perform turning operations. Turn the top layer to the layer above the bottom layer, that is, the bottom layer of the middle layer. Turn the bottom layer of the middle layer to the top layer. Turn the remaining several layers of the middle layer from top to bottom in the order from bottom to top. Add water as needed during the turning process, and then continue to stack until the composting is completed.

[0019] Preferably, pre-treat the straw. The specific method is: wash and dry the crop straw, first soak it in water to make its humidity reach more than 50%, then spray a rot-promoting liquid on its surface. After the surface is evenly sprayed, turn the crop straw over to turn its inside to the outside, and continue the spraying operation until the entire surface of the crop straw is evenly sprayed with the rot-promoting liquid.

[0020] Preferably, the rot-promoting liquid includes the following components: 100-150 mL of egg liquid, 20-30 g of vitamins, 1-2 g of chlorophyll, 1-2 g of xanthan gum, 0.5-1 g of yeast powder, and the balance is made up to 1 L with distilled water.

[0021] Preferably, the amount of animal excrement added decreases layer by layer from the upper layer to the lower layer, and the addition amount of each layer is 80%-85% of the addition amount of the upper layer.

[0022] Preferably, when inoculating with the composite microbial agent, the inoculation amount of the middle layer is 1.2-1.4 times that of the lower layer and 1.5-1.8 times that of the upper layer.

[0023] (III) Beneficial effects

[0024] The present invention provides a compost and a preparation method thereof. Compared with the prior art, the following beneficial effects are achieved:

[0025] The present invention uses a composite microbial agent for compost maturity treatment, which can not only accelerate the maturity speed but also improve the maturity effect. The specific principle is as follows: In the temperature-rising stage of compost maturity, lactic acid bacteria decompose sugars and organic substances in the compost raw materials, promoting the internal temperature rise of the compost; when the compost temperature rises above 45 °C, Bacillus licheniformis, Thermomyces lanuginosus, and actinomycetes play a major decomposition role, mainly decomposing cellulose and hemicellulose in the compost raw materials. In particular, Bacillus licheniformis and Thermomyces lanuginosus belong to high-temperature active bacteria, which cooperate with each other and have a relatively fast decomposition rate of cellulose and hemicellulose at high temperatures. Therefore, the maturity can be accelerated and the maturity effect can be improved. With the synergistic effect of actinomycetes, the maturity effect can be further improved; in this high-temperature maturity stage, white rot fungi can cooperate with other microorganisms to resist and reduce the influence of heavy metal toxicity on growth, thereby promoting maturity; after the end of the high-temperature stage, during the gradually cooling process, actinomycetes continue to play a role and cooperate with white rot fungi to decompose sugars, starches, and residual cellulose, hemicellulose, etc., thereby improving the maturity effect and increasing the nutrient content in the compost. Specific embodiments

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0027] The embodiments of the present application solve the problems of long compost maturity time, poor maturity effect, and low nutrient content in the existing compost by providing a compost and a preparation method thereof.

[0028] To better understand the above technical solutions, the above technical solutions will be described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments.

[0029] Example 1:

[0030] A compost includes the following components in parts by weight: 900 parts of barley straw and corn straw with a weight ratio of 1:2, 200 parts of a mixture of pig manure, chicken manure, and sheep manure with a weight ratio of 1:1.5:2, 100 parts of a mixture of peanut bran, rapeseed cake, and soybean cake meal with a mass ratio of 1:1:1, and 2.5 parts of a composite microbial agent;

[0031] The composite microbial agent includes lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus licheniformis, Thermomyces lanuginosus, actinomycetes, and white rot fungi in a weight ratio of 1:1.8:1.4:1:1.

[0032] A method for preparing compost, comprising the following steps:

[0033] Step 1. Straw pretreatment:

[0034] Wash and dry barley straw and corn straw. First, soak them in water to make their humidity reach more than 50%, then spray a decay-promoting liquid on their surfaces. After the spraying is uniform on the surfaces, turn them over so that the inside is turned to the outside, and continue the spraying operation until the surfaces of the barley straw and corn straw are all uniformly coated with the decay-promoting liquid;

[0035] The decay-promoting liquid is a suspension, including the following components: 100 mL of egg liquid, 20 g of vitamins, 1 g of chlorophyll, 1 g of xanthan gum, 0.5 g of yeast powder, and the balance is made up to 1 L with distilled water;

[0036] Step 2. Mix barley straw, corn straw, peanut bran, rapeseed cake, and soybean cake meal evenly, and then stack and tamp the mixture layer by layer; evenly sprinkle a mixture of pig manure, chicken manure, and sheep manure on each layer and then inoculate with a compound microbial agent, and then stack the next layer. Stack 6 layers;

[0037] The addition amount of the mixture of pig manure, chicken manure, and sheep manure decreases layer by layer from the upper layer to the lower layer, and the addition amount of each layer is 80% of the addition amount of the previous layer;

[0038] When inoculating with the compound microbial agent, the inoculation amount of the middle layer is 1.2 times that of the lower layer and 1.5 times that of the upper layer;

[0039] Step 3. Punch holes in the top of the pile to monitor the moisture content in the pile during the composting process to determine whether to add water;

[0040] Step 4. Conduct a turning operation once during the composting process. The composting process mainly includes a heating period, a high-temperature period, a medium-temperature period, and a composting period. Conduct a turning operation on the 3rd day after entering the heating period. Turn the top layer to the layer above the bottom layer, that is, the bottom layer of the middle layer. Turn the bottom layer of the middle layer to the top layer, and turn the remaining layers of the middle layer from top to bottom in the order from bottom to top. During the turning process, add water as needed until the humidity of the composted material is more than 50%, and then continue to stack until the composting is completed.

[0041] Example 2:

[0042] A compost, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 1000 parts of barley straw and corn straw with a weight ratio of 1:2, 250 parts of a mixture of pig manure, chicken manure, and sheep manure with a weight ratio of 1:1.6:2.2, 150 parts of a mixture of tung tree cake, tea cake, and soybean cake with a mass ratio of 1:1:1, and 4.5 parts of a compound microbial agent;

[0043] The composite microbial agent includes lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus licheniformis, Thermomyces lanuginosus, actinomycetes, and white rot fungi in a weight ratio of 1:2:1.5:1:1.

[0044] The method for preparing compost includes the following steps:

[0045] Step 1. Straw pretreatment:

[0046] Wash and dry the barley straw and corn straw. First, soak them in water to make their humidity reach over 50%, then spray the decay-promoting liquid on their surfaces. After the spraying is uniform, turn them over so that the inside is turned to the outside, and continue the spraying operation until the surfaces of the barley straw and corn straw are all evenly coated with the decay-promoting liquid.

[0047] The decay-promoting liquid is a suspension, including the following components: 150 mL of egg liquid, 25 g of vitamins, 2 g of chlorophyll, 2 g of xanthan gum, 0.7 g of yeast powder, and the balance is made up to 1 L with distilled water.

[0048] Step 2. Mix the barley straw, corn straw, tung oil cake, tea seed cake, and soybean cake evenly, then stack and tamp the mixture layer by layer. Evenly sprinkle the mixture of pig manure, chicken manure, and sheep manure on each layer and then inoculate the composite microbial agent, and then stack the next layer. Stack 7 layers in total.

[0049] The addition amount of the mixture of pig manure, chicken manure, and sheep manure decreases layer by layer from the upper layer to the lower layer, and the addition amount of each layer is 85% of the addition amount of the previous layer.

[0050] When inoculating the composite microbial agent, the inoculation amount of the middle layer is 1.3 times that of the lower layer and 1.7 times that of the upper layer.

[0051] Step 3. Make holes on the top of the pile to monitor the water content in the pile during the composting process to determine whether to add water.

[0052] Step 4. Conduct two turning operations during the composting process. The composting process mainly includes a heating period, a high-temperature period, a medium-temperature period, and a composting period. Conduct a turning operation on the 3rd day after entering the heating period, and conduct another turning operation after the end of the medium-temperature period. Each time of turning, turn the top layer to the layer above the bottom layer, that is, the bottom layer of the middle layer, turn the bottom layer of the middle layer to the top layer, and turn the remaining several layers from top to bottom of the middle layer in the order from bottom to top. During the turning process, add water as needed to make the humidity of the composted material reach over 50%, and then continue to stack until the composting is completed.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] A compost, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 1100 parts of barley straw and corn straw with a weight ratio of 1:3, 300 parts of a mixture of pig manure, chicken manure, and sheep manure with a weight ratio of 1:1.8:2.5, 200 parts of a mixture of tea seed cake, soybean cake, and mushroom residue with a mass ratio of 1:1:1, and 7.5 parts of a compound microbial agent;

[0055] The compound microbial agent includes lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus licheniformis, Thermomyces lanuginosus, actinomycetes, and white rot fungi in a weight ratio of 1:2.1:1.6:1:1.

[0056] A method for preparing the compost, comprising the following steps:

[0057] Step 1. Straw pretreatment:

[0058] Wash and dry the barley straw and corn straw. First, soak them in water to make their humidity reach more than 50%, then spray a decay-promoting liquid on their surfaces. After the spraying is uniform, turn them over so that the inside is turned to the outside, and continue the spraying operation until the surfaces of the barley straw and corn straw are all uniformly coated with the decay-promoting liquid;

[0059] The decay-promoting liquid is a suspension, including the following components: 150 mL of egg liquid, 30 g of vitamins, 2 g of chlorophyll, 2 g of xanthan gum, 1 g of yeast powder, and the balance is made up to 1 L with distilled water;

[0060] Step 2. Mix the barley straw, corn straw, tea seed cake, soybean cake, and mushroom residue evenly, and then stack and tamp the mixture layer by layer; evenly sprinkle the mixture of pig manure, chicken manure, and sheep manure on each layer and then inoculate the compound microbial agent, and then carry out the stacking of the upper layer. Stack 8 layers;

[0061] The addition amount of the mixture of pig manure, chicken manure, and sheep manure decreases layer by layer from the upper layer to the lower layer, and the addition amount of each layer is 85% of the addition amount of the upper layer;

[0062] When inoculating the compound microbial agent, the inoculation amount of the middle layer is 1.4 times that of the lower layer and 1.8 times that of the upper layer;

[0063] Step 3. Make holes on the top of the stack to monitor the water content in the stack during the composting process to judge whether to add water;

[0064] Step 4. Carry out three turning operations during the composting process. The composting process mainly includes a temperature-rising period, a high-temperature period, a medium-temperature period, and a composting period. After entering the temperature-rising period, carry out a turning operation on the 3rd day and the 6th day respectively. After the medium-temperature period ends, carry out another turning operation. Each turning operation turns the top layer to the layer above the bottom layer, that is, the bottom layer of the middle layer. Turn the bottom layer of the middle layer to the top layer, and turn the remaining several layers from top to bottom of the middle layer in the order from bottom to top. During the turning process, add water as needed to make the humidity of the composted material reach more than 50%, and then continue to stack until the composting is completed.

[0065] Comparative Example 1, the difference from Example 2 is that:

[0066] The composite bacterial agent does not include lactic acid bacteria.

[0067] Comparative Example 2, the difference from Example 2 is that:

[0068] The composite bacterial agent does not include Thermomyces lanuginosus.

[0069] Comparative Example 3, the difference from Example 2 is that:

[0070] The composite bacterial agent does not include actinomycetes.

[0071] Comparative Example 4, the difference from Example 2 is that:

[0072] The composite bacterial agent does not include white rot fungi.

[0073] Comparative Example 5, the difference from Example 2 is that:

[0074] The composite bacterial agent does not include lactic acid bacteria and actinomycetes.

[0075] Comparative Example 6, the difference from Example 2 is that:

[0076] The composite bacterial agent does not include actinomycetes and white rot fungi.

[0077] Comparative Example 7, the difference from Example 2 is that:

[0078] Bacillus subtilis is used to replace Bacillus licheniformis.

[0079] Comparative Example 8, the difference from Example 2 is that:

[0080] Aspergillus niger is used to replace white rot fungi.

[0081] Comparative Example 9, the difference from Example 2 is that:

[0082] Bacillus subtilis is used to replace Thermomyces lanuginosus.

[0083] Comparative Example 10, the difference from Example 2 is that:

[0084] The crop straw is not pretreated.

[0085] Comparative Example 11, the difference from Example 2 is that:

[0086] Chlorophyll is not added to the decay-promoting liquid.

[0087] Comparative Example 12, the difference from Example 2 is that:

[0088] Xanthan gum is not added to the putrefaction - promoting liquid.

[0089] Comparative Example 13 is different from Example 2 in that:

[0090] Vitamins and egg liquid are not added to the putrefaction - promoting liquid.

[0091] Comparative Example 14 is different from Example 2 in that:

[0092] A conventional putrefaction - promoting liquid is used, with humus and water as the main raw materials. Comparative Example 15 is different from Example 2 in that:

[0093] The addition amount of the mixture of pig manure, chicken manure and sheep manure is equal for each layer.

[0094] Comparative Example 16 is different from Example 2 in that:

[0095] The addition amount of the compound bacterial agent is equal for each layer.

[0096] Test data

[0097] 1. Record the relevant parameters in the compost preparation processes of Examples 1 - 3 and Comparative Examples 1 - 16, and the obtained data are shown in Table 1:

[0098] Table 1 - Relevant parameters in the compost preparation processes of Examples 1 - 3 and Comparative Examples 1 - 16

[0099]

[0100]

[0101] 2. Detect the nutrient components in the composts of Examples 1 - 3 and Comparative Examples 1 - 16, and the obtained data are shown in Table 2:

[0102] Specimen Organic matter content (%) Total nitrogen content (%) <![CDATA[P2O5 content (%)]]> <![CDATA[K2O content (%)]]> Example 1 60.2 3.9 3.4 4.1 Example 2 63.3 4.1 3.5 4.2 Example 3 61.7 4.0 3.4 4.0 Comparative Example 1 59.4 3.6 3.0 3.6 Comparative Example 2 59.2 3.7 2.9 3.7 Comparative Example 3 58.8 3.8 3.1 3.7 Comparative Example 4 58.0 3.6 3.0 3.6 Comparative Example 5 56.1 3.5 3.0 3.5 Comparative Example 6 55.6 3.5 2.8 3.6 Comparative Example 7 59.0 3.7 3.1 3.6 Comparative Example 8 58.4 3.6 3.0 3.7 Comparative Example 9 59.4 3.8 3.1 3.5 Comparative Example 10 53.2 3.1 2.5 3.1 Comparative Example 11 58.7 3.8 3.2 3.9 Comparative Example 12 59.5 3.7 3.0 3.9 Comparative Example 13 58.6 3.8 3.1 3.8 Comparative Example 14 56.3 3.5 2.9 3.2 Comparative Example 15 60.1 3.8 3.2 4.0 Comparative Example 16 59.6 3.9 3.3 3.9

[0103] From the test data in Table 1 and Table 2, it can be seen that:

[0104] 1. The relevant data of Examples 1 - 3 show that the technical solution of the present invention can significantly accelerate the composting progress and increase the content of nutrients in the compost, and the nutrients in the compost meet the national standards;

[0105] 2. The relevant data of Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1 - 9 show that the selection of the compound bacterial agent of the present invention has a more excellent effect in promoting compost maturity. There is a synergistic effect among Lactobacillus, Bacillus licheniformis, Thermomyces lanuginosus, Actinomycetes and Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Deleting any one or two bacteria or using other bacterial species to replace will reduce the composting effect and have a certain impact on the content of nutrients;

[0106] 3. The relevant data of Example 2 and Comparative Examples 10-14 show that the formula of the compost acceleration liquid of the present invention has the effect of promoting compost maturity, and the promotion effect is better than that of the existing conventional compost acceleration liquid;

[0107] 4. The relevant data of Example 2 and Comparative Example 15 show that controlling the addition amount of animal excrement in different layers is beneficial to improving the compost maturity effect;

[0108] 5. The relevant data of Example 2 and Comparative Example 16 show that controlling the addition amount of the compound microbial agent in different layers is beneficial to improving the compost maturity effect.

[0109] In summary, compared with the prior art, the following beneficial effects are achieved:

[0110] 1. The present invention uses a compound microbial agent for compost maturity treatment, which can not only accelerate the maturity speed but also improve the maturity effect. The specific principle is as follows: In the temperature-rising stage of compost maturity, lactic acid bacteria decompose sugars and organic substances in the compost raw materials, promoting the internal temperature rise of the compost; when the compost temperature rises above 45°C, Bacillus licheniformis, Thermomyces lanuginosus, and actinomycetes play a major decomposition role, mainly decomposing cellulose and hemicellulose in the compost raw materials. In particular, Bacillus licheniformis and Thermomyces lanuginosus belong to high-temperature active bacteria, which cooperate with each other and decompose cellulose and hemicellulose at a relatively fast speed at high temperatures. Therefore, the maturity can be accelerated and the maturity effect can be improved. With the synergistic effect of actinomycetes, the maturity effect can be further improved; in this high-temperature maturity stage, white rot fungi can cooperate with other microorganisms to resist and reduce the impact of heavy metal toxicity on growth, thereby promoting maturity; after the end of the high-temperature stage, during the process of gradually cooling down, actinomycetes continue to play a role and cooperate with white rot fungi to decompose sugars, starches, and residual cellulose, hemicellulose, etc., thereby improving the maturity effect and increasing the nutrient content in the compost;

[0111] 2. Before composting, the present invention pretreats crop straws. Wetting the crop straws first and then spraying the compost acceleration liquid can avoid the influence of post-wetting on the uniformity of the compost acceleration liquid on the surface of the crop straws. Spraying the compost acceleration liquid is beneficial to improving the compost maturity effect and has a certain improvement effect on the nutrients in the compost;

[0112] 3. The selection of the compost acceleration liquid of the present invention, through the synergistic compost acceleration cooperation of components such as chlorophyll, xanthan gum, yeast powder, and vitamins, significantly improves the compost maturity effect, and the compost acceleration effect is better than that of the conventional humus compost acceleration liquid;

[0113] 4. By controlling the addition amount of animal excrement in different layers, with more animal excrement added in the upper layer, it is beneficial to control the maturity effect and increase the nutrients in the compost;

[0114] 5. By controlling the addition amounts of the composite microbial agent in different layers, the addition amount of the composite microbial agent in the middle layer is the largest, and that in the bottom layer is the second largest. This is because the composting temperature in the middle layer is usually the highest, and the temperature in the bottom layer is slightly lower than that in the middle layer. Such a setting is beneficial to promoting the composite microbial agent to improve the composting effect and shorten the composting time.

[0115] It should be noted that in this text, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including a..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the said element.

[0116] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compost, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 900-1100 parts of crop straw, 200-300 parts of animal excrement, 100-200 parts of organic auxiliary materials, and 1.5-7.5 parts of composite bacterial agent; The composite bacterial agent comprises lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus licheniformis, thermophilic mycelium, actinomycetes and white rot fungi.

2. The compost according to claim 1, characterized in that The lactic acid bacteria, the Bacillus licheniformis, the thermophilic mycelium, the actinomycetes and the white rot fungi are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:(1.8-2.1):(1.4-1.6):1:

1.

3. The compost according to claim 1, characterized in that The crop straws are barley straws and corn straws in a weight ratio of 1:(2-3).

4. The compost according to claim 1, characterized in that The animal excrement is a mixture of pig manure, chicken manure and sheep manure in a weight ratio of 1:(1.5-1.8):(2-2.5).

5. The compost according to claim 1, characterized in that The organic auxiliary material is a mixture of at least two of peanut bran, rapeseed cake, oil cake, tung cake, tea cake, bean cake, soybean cake meal, mushroom residue and cassava residue.

6. The method for preparing compost according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Evenly mix the crop straw and organic auxiliary materials, and then pile up and compact the mixture layer by layer; evenly sprinkle animal excrement on each layer and then inoculate the composite bacterial agent, and then pile up the previous layer, piling up 6-8 layers; Step 2: Drill holes on the top of the pile to monitor the moisture content in the pile during the composting process to determine whether to add water; Step 3: Turn the pile during the composting process, turn the top layer to the layer above the bottom layer, that is, the bottom layer of the middle layer, turn the bottom layer of the middle layer to the top layer, and turn the remaining layers of the middle layer from top to bottom in the order from bottom to top. Add water as needed during the turning process, and continue to pile until composting is completed.

7. The method for preparing compost according to claim 6, characterized in that: The straw is pretreated in the following way: wash and dry the crop straw, soak it in water to make its humidity reach more than 50%, spray the surface with the decomposition-promoting liquid, turn the crop straw over after the surface is evenly sprayed, turn the inside out, and continue spraying until the surface of the crop straw is evenly sprayed with the decomposition-promoting liquid.

8. The method for preparing compost according to claim 7, characterized in that: The decomposition-promoting liquid comprises the following ingredients: 100-150 mL of egg liquid, 20-30 g of vitamins, 1-2 g of chlorophyll, 1-2 g of xanthan gum, 0.5-1 g of yeast powder, and the balance is distilled water to make up to 1 L.

9. The method for preparing compost according to claim 6, characterized in that: The amount of animal excrement added decreases from the upper layer to the lower layer, and the amount added in each layer is 80%-85% of the amount added in the previous layer.

10. The method for preparing compost according to claim 6, characterized in that: When inoculating composite bacterial agents, the inoculation amount of the middle layer is 1.2-1.4 times that of the lower layer and 1.5-1.8 times that of the upper layer.

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