Anti-falling drainage device for thoracic surgery nursing

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and discloses an anti-falling drainage device for thoracic surgery nursing, which comprises a gas adsorption type fixing mechanism and a universal adjustment type supporting mechanism. According to the anti-falling drainage device for thoracic surgery nursing, the clamping angle of the device can be adjusted according to the working path of the drainage tube, so that the working adaptability of the device is improved, in addition, the outer wall of the soft drainage tube is adsorbed and fixed through gas suction, then the outer wall of the drainage tube is pulled outwards, and the drainage tube is prevented from falling off. Therefore, on the basis that the drainage tube is fixed, the drainage tube fixing device has the function of effectively fixing the drainage tube.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and particularly to an anti-detachment drainage device for thoracic surgery nursing. Background Art

[0002] Thoracic surgery is a medical specialty that specializes in the organs within the thoracic cavity, mainly referring to the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal, pulmonary, and mediastinal lesions. The field of breast surgery is also classified into this specialty, with pulmonary surgery and esophageal surgery being the main focuses. Thoracic surgery has been divided into general thoracic surgery, cardiac surgery, great vessel surgery, and pediatric cardiac surgery, etc. This enables specialist physicians to be more proficient and in-depth in professional knowledge and skills, and the professional level has also been further improved. However, this phenomenon also brings another drawback. The diagnosis and treatment of some complex and multi-organ mixed diseases may thus be overlooked. To avoid this situation, it is emphasized that in the initial stage of entering the thoracic surgery training program, attention should be paid to the training of basic knowledge and basic skills in general thoracic surgery and cardiac surgery. In the diagnosis and treatment of thoracic surgery, it is often necessary to perform drainage treatment on the patient's thoracic cavity. The existing anti-detachment drainage device for thoracic surgery nursing has a simple structure, poor anti-detachment effect, which is likely to affect the patient's drainage treatment. At the same time, the existing equipment has a single function and low drainage efficiency, increasing the working pressure of medical staff.

[0003] For this reason, the Chinese patent with the publication number "CN213667136U" discloses "an anti-detachment drainage device for thoracic surgery nursing". Its main structure includes a base, a placement box, a bottom plate, a telescopic rod, an A threaded hole, an A bolt, a fixing ring, and a B threaded hole. A B bolt is movably connected inside the B threaded hole. A first drainage tube is movably connected inside the fixing ring. A second drainage tube is movably connected to the upper surface of the first drainage tube. An adjustment switch is movably connected to the surface of the first drainage tube. The main advantage of this anti-detachment drainage device for thoracic surgery nursing is to provide an anti-detachment drainage device for thoracic surgery nursing. When in use, first adjust the telescopic rod to an appropriate height, then place the first drainage tube and the second drainage tube in the fixing ring, and then slowly insert the drainage head into the patient's wound. Wrap the A medical bandage and the B medical bandage around the patient's back, and make the sub-magic tape adhere to the mother-magic tape, improving the anti-detachment property of the device.

[0004] When the above anti-detachment drainage device for thoracic surgery nursing is actually in use, since the first drainage tube and the second drainage tube are placed in the fixing ring, and the fixing angle of the ring body is initially set, the path of the drainage tube during actual use is also fixed. Therefore, it will cause limitations in the use path of the drainage tube. At the same time, the drainage tube is fixed in the ring, and the caliber of the ring body is a fixed size, while the drainage tube itself is made of a material that is easy to bend and relatively soft, resulting in insufficient fixing force of the device on the tube body of the drainage tube. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an anti-detachment drainage device for thoracic surgery nursing, which can adjust the clamping angle of the device according to the working path of the drainage tube, thereby improving the working adaptability of the device. In addition, the device uses gas suction to adsorb and fix the outer wall of the soft-textured drainage tube, and then generates an outward pulling phenomenon on the outer wall of the drainage tube, so that while the drainage tube is fixed, it also has an effective fixing function for the drainage tube, solving the above technical problems.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An anti-detachment drainage device for thoracic surgery nursing, comprising a gas adsorption type fixing mechanism, which is internally provided with a plurality of columnar protrusion structures arranged in a circular array and hollow inside, a piston plate placed inside the columnar protrusion structure and hollow at the center, a sector-shaped contact plate located outside one end of the columnar protrusion structure and hollow at the center, and a first spiral spring placed inside the columnar protrusion structure and generating an elastic damping effect on the piston plate when the piston plate moves under the action of gas suction; and a universal adjustment type support mechanism, which is internally provided with a vertical support column that is hollow inside and supports the gas adsorption type fixing mechanism, a hemispherical housing provided at the top of the vertical support column and hollow at the center, a rotating ball head placed inside the hemispherical housing and capable of rotating with the movement of the columnar protrusion structure, a sector-shaped brake plate that abuts against the bottom surface of the rotating ball head and can move longitudinally, and a second spiral spring placed inside the vertical support column and exerting an upward elastic pressure on the sector-shaped brake plate.

[0007] Preferably, the gas adsorption type fixing mechanism includes a hollow annular body. An annular gas flow chamber is arranged inside the annular body of the hollow annular body. A gas discharge channel, which is of an integral structure with the hollow annular body and communicates with the annular gas flow chamber and is internally provided with a gas valve, is arranged on the outer ring surface of the hollow annular body. Three columnar convex structures arranged in an annular array are arranged on the inner ring surface of the hollow annular body. A first columnar component moving chamber is arranged inside the columnar convex structure. A gas flow channel communicating the first columnar component moving chamber and the annular gas flow chamber is arranged at one end of the columnar convex structure close to the hollow annular body. A first rod perforation communicating the first columnar component moving chamber and the external space is arranged at one end of the columnar convex structure far from the hollow annular body. A piston plate capable of axially moving along the first columnar component moving chamber is placed inside the columnar convex structure at the position of the first columnar component moving chamber. A hollow pull rod, which is of an integral structure with the piston plate and penetrates through the first rod perforation, is arranged at the end of the piston plate facing the first rod perforation. A first spiral spring in a compressed state is placed at the other end of the piston plate. A sector-shaped contact plate, which is of an integral structure with the hollow pull rod at the end located outside the columnar convex structure, is arranged at the end of the hollow pull rod located outside the columnar convex structure. A gas flow hole communicating one end surface of the piston plate and the concave surface inside the sector-shaped contact plate is arranged at the centers of the piston plate, the hollow pull rod and the sector-shaped contact plate. A vertical fixing ear structure, which is of an integral structure with the outer ring surface of the hollow annular body, is arranged at one end of the outer ring surface of the hollow annular body.

[0008] Preferably, the axis of the columnar convex structure is perpendicular to the axis of the hollow annular body, and the intersection point of the two axes is on the axis of the hollow annular body.

[0009] Preferably, one end of the first spiral spring is fixedly installed on one end surface of the first columnar component moving chamber, and the other end is fixedly installed on the corresponding end surface of the piston plate. In the initial state, the axis of the sector-shaped contact plate is on the same straight line as the axis of the hollow annular body.

[0010] Preferably, the universal adjustable support mechanism includes a support base, on the upper surface of which there is a vertical support column with an integral structure therewith. At the top of the vertical support column, there is a hemispherical housing with an integral structure therewith. Inside the hemispherical housing, there is a hemispherical cavity with an open top. Inside the vertical support column, there is a second cylindrical component activity cavity. At the bottom area of the hemispherical housing, there is a downwardly concave sector-shaped activity groove. Inside the vertical support column, there is a second rod body perforation connecting the bottom area of the sector-shaped activity groove and the top end of the second cylindrical component activity cavity. Inside the hemispherical housing and within the hemispherical cavity, there is a rotatable rotating ball head. At the top of the rotating ball head, there is a fixed convex structure with an integral structure therewith and fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer ring surface of the hollow ring. Inside the vertical support column and within the second cylindrical component activity cavity, there is a movable plate capable of moving axially along the second cylindrical component activity cavity. At the bottom area of the movable plate, there is a compressed second helical spring. On the upper end surface of the movable plate, there is a longitudinal push rod passing through the second rod body perforation. Inside the sector-shaped activity groove, the longitudinal push rod is installed with a sector-shaped brake plate that abuts against the bottom area of the rotating ball head.

[0011] Preferably, the structural radius of the hemispherical cavity matches the structural radius of the rotating ball head, and the diameter of the open end at the top of the hemispherical cavity is smaller than the structural diameter of the rotating ball head, and the diameter in the middle of the hemispherical cavity matches the structural radius of the rotating ball head.

[0012] Preferably, the structural radius of the concave surface of the sector-shaped brake plate matches the structural radius of the rotating ball head. When the concave surface of the sector-shaped brake plate abuts against the outer surface of the rotating ball head, there are gaps between the movable plate and the bottom end and the top end of the second cylindrical component activity cavity.

[0013] Preferably, it further includes a middle suction control mechanism, which internally has a horizontal hollow column located at the periphery of one end of the hollow ring and with a hollow interior, a first docking channel and a second docking channel provided at both ends of the horizontal hollow column and capable of docking with a drainage pipe for discharging liquid, and an elastic air film cylinder embedded in the middle of the liquid flow path of the first docking channel and the second docking channel and generating an inner diameter closing phenomenon when the inner gas suction overloads.

[0014] Preferably, the middle suction control mechanism includes a horizontal hollow column. A radial connecting rod of an integral structure with the horizontal hollow column is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the horizontal hollow column. An axial connecting rod is fixedly installed at the end of the radial connecting rod. One end of the axial connecting rod is fixedly installed on the corresponding end face of the vertical fixed ear structure. A cylindrical cavity is arranged inside the horizontal hollow column. A first docking channel and a second docking channel of an integral structure with the horizontal hollow column and communicating with the peripheral space and the end of the cylindrical cavity are respectively arranged at both ends of the horizontal hollow column. An elastic air film cylinder that connects the opposing ports of the first docking channel and the second docking channel and thus forms a liquid flow path is installed inside the horizontal hollow column at the position of the cylindrical cavity.

[0015] Preferably, the elastic air film cylinder is made of a rubber material with elastic extension function.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an anti-detachment drainage device for thoracic surgery nursing, which has the following beneficial effects: It can adjust the clamping angle of the device according to the working path of the drainage tube, thereby improving the working adaptability of the device. In addition, the device uses gas suction to adsorb and fix the outer wall of the soft-textured drainage tube, and then generates a phenomenon of pulling the outer wall of the drainage tube outward, so that while the drainage tube is fixed, it also has an effective fixing function for the drainage tube. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 is a perspective sectional view of the present invention; Figure 3 is a perspective view of the gas adsorption type fixing mechanism in the present invention; Figure 4 is a perspective sectional view of the gas adsorption type fixing mechanism in the present invention; Figure 5 is a perspective view of the universal adjustment type support mechanism in the present invention; Figure 6 is a perspective sectional view of the universal adjustment type support mechanism in the present invention; Figure 7 is a perspective view of the middle suction control mechanism in the present invention; Figure 8 is a perspective sectional view of the middle suction control mechanism in the present invention.

[0018] Wherein: 1. Gas adsorption type fixing mechanism; 11. Hollow annular body; 12. Annular gas flow chamber; 13. Gas discharge channel; 14. Columnar convex structure; 15. First columnar component moving cavity; 16. Gas flow channel; 17. First rod body perforation; 18. Piston plate; 19. First spiral spring; 110. Hollow pull rod; 111. Sector-shaped contact plate; 112. Gas flow hole; 113. Vertical fixing ear structure; 2. Universal adjustable support mechanism; 21. Support base; 22. Vertical support column; 23. Hemispherical housing; 24. Hemispherical cavity; 25. Second columnar component moving cavity; 26. Second rod body perforation; 27. Sector-shaped moving groove; 28. Rotating ball head; 29. Fixed convex structure; 210. Movable plate; 211. Second spiral spring; 212. Longitudinal push rod; 213. Sector-shaped brake plate; 3. Middle suction control mechanism; 31. Horizontal hollow column; 32. Radial connecting rod; 33. Axial connecting rod; 34. Columnar cavity; 35. First docking channel; 36. Second docking channel; 37. Elastic air film cylinder. Detailed implementation manners

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , an anti-detachment drainage device for thoracic surgery nursing, which needs to be used in cooperation with an air extraction device capable of controlling the suction value.

[0021] In order to achieve the adsorption type fixing effect on the drainage tube, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4, it is necessary to set up a gas adsorption type fixing mechanism 1, which is provided with a plurality of cylindrical protrusion structures 14 arranged in an annular array and hollow inside, a piston plate 18 placed inside the cylindrical protrusion structure 14 and hollow in the center, a fan-shaped contact plate 111 located outside one end of the cylindrical protrusion structure 14 and hollow in the center, and a No. 1 coil spring 19 placed inside the cylindrical protrusion structure 14 and producing an elastic damping effect on the piston plate 18 when the piston plate 18 moves under the action of gas suction. The air suction port of the air suction device is connected to the gas discharge channel 13 through a pipeline, and then the body of the drainage pipe passes through the central area of ​​each fan-shaped contact plate 111, and the fan-shaped contact plate 1 The concave surface of 11 abuts against the outer wall of the drainage tube, and the vacuum device is started. At this time, the gas in the active cavity 15 of the No. 1 columnar component and the gas flow hole 112 is extracted. Under the action of the gas suction, the outer wall of the drainage tube is adsorbed on the concave surface of the fan-shaped abutment plate 111, thereby effectively fixing the drainage tube. At the same time, when the gas suction is greater than the elastic strength of the No. 1 coil spring 19, the No. 1 coil spring 19 will tend to be compressed, and the piston plate 18 and the hollow pull rod 110 will cause the fan-shaped abutment plate 111 to pull the drainage tube outward, thereby causing the drainage tube to have a tendency to expand outward, thereby achieving an adsorption-type fixing effect on the drainage tube.

[0022] For the specific structure of the gas adsorption type fixing mechanism 1, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4, including a hollow annular body 11, an annular gas flow chamber 12 is arranged inside the annular body of the hollow annular body 11, a gas discharge channel 13 which is of an integral structure with the outer ring surface of the hollow annular body 11 and communicates with the annular gas flow chamber 12 and is internally provided with a gas valve is arranged on the outer ring surface of the hollow annular body 11, three columnar convex structures 14 arranged in an annular array are arranged on the inner ring surface of the hollow annular body 11, a first columnar component movable chamber 15 is arranged inside the columnar convex structure 14, a gas flow channel 16 communicating the first columnar component movable chamber 15 and the annular gas flow chamber 12 is arranged at one end of the columnar convex structure 14 close to the hollow annular body 11, a first rod perforation 17 communicating the first columnar component movable chamber 15 and the external space is arranged at one end of the columnar convex structure 14 far from the hollow annular body 11, a piston plate 18 capable of axially moving along the first columnar component movable chamber 15 is placed inside the columnar convex structure 14 in the first columnar component movable chamber 15, a hollow pull rod 110 which is of an integral structure with the piston plate 18 and penetrates through the first rod perforation 17 is arranged at the end of the piston plate 18 facing the first rod perforation 17, a first spiral spring 19 in a compressed state is placed at the other end of the piston plate 18, a sector-shaped contact plate 111 which is of an integral structure with the hollow pull rod 110 at one end outside the columnar convex structure 14 is arranged at one end of the hollow pull rod 110 outside the columnar convex structure 14, a gas flow hole 112 communicating one end face of the piston plate 18 and the concave surface of the sector-shaped contact plate 111 is arranged at the centers of the piston plate 18, the hollow pull rod 110 and the sector-shaped contact plate 111, a vertical fixed ear structure 113 which is of an integral structure with the outer ring surface of the hollow annular body 11 is arranged at one end of the outer ring surface of the hollow annular body 11, the axis of the columnar convex structure 14 is perpendicular to the axis of the hollow annular body 11, and the intersection point of the two axes is on the axis line of the axis of the hollow annular body 11. One end of the first spiral spring 19 is fixedly installed on one end face of the first columnar component movable chamber 15, and the other end is fixedly installed on the corresponding end face of the piston plate 18. In the initial state, the axis of the sector-shaped contact plate 111 is on the same straight line as the axis of the hollow annular body 11.

[0023] In order to be able to adjust the clamping angle of the device according to the working path of the drainage tube, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6, it is necessary to set up a universal adjustable support mechanism 2, which is internally provided with a vertical support column 22 that is hollow inside and supports the gas adsorption type fixing mechanism 1, a hemispherical housing 23 that is arranged at the top of the vertical support column 22 and has a hollow center, a rotating ball head 28 that is placed inside the hemispherical housing 23 and can rotate with the movement of the cylindrical protrusion structure 14, a sector brake plate 213 that abuts against the bottom surface of the rotating ball head 28 and can move longitudinally, and a second helical spring 211 that is placed inside the vertical support column 22 and exerts an upward elastic pressure on the sector brake plate 213. After the drainage tube is effectively clamped and fixed, according to the working path of the drainage tube, manually rotate the hollow annular body 11. At this time, the hollow annular body 11 will drive the rotating ball head 28 to rotate. When the clamping angle is adjusted, due to the elastic strength of the second helical spring 211, the sector brake plate 213 will abut against the surface of the rotating ball head 28 with a moving pressure. Due to the friction between the two, the device will maintain a static state, and thus the clamping angle of the device can be adjusted according to the working path of the drainage tube.

[0024] For the specific structure of the universal adjustable support mechanism 2, please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6, including a support base 21, on the upper surface of the support base 21 there is a vertical support column 22 with an integral structure therewith, at the top of the vertical support column 22 there is a hemispherical shell 23 with an integral structure therewith, inside the hemispherical shell 23 there is a hemispherical cavity 24 with an open top, inside the vertical support column 22 there is a second cylindrical component movable cavity 25, at the bottom area of the hemispherical shell 23 there is a downwardly recessed fan-shaped movable groove 27, inside the vertical support column 22 there is a second rod body perforation 26 connecting the bottom area of the fan-shaped movable groove 27 and the top end of the second cylindrical component movable cavity 25, inside the hemispherical cavity 24 of the hemispherical shell 23 there is a rotatable rotating ball head 28 placed, at the top of the rotating ball head 28 there is a fixed protrusion structure 29 with an integral structure therewith and fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer ring surface of the hollow ring body 11, inside the vertical support column 22 in the second cylindrical component movable cavity 25 there is a movable plate 210 that can move axially along the second cylindrical component movable cavity 25, at the bottom area of the movable plate 210 there is a second helical spring 211 in a compressed state, on the upper end surface of the movable plate 210 there is a longitudinal push rod 212 passing through the second rod body perforation 26, in the fan-shaped movable groove 27 the longitudinal push rod 212 is installed with a fan-shaped brake plate 213 abutting against the bottom area of the rotating ball head 28, the structural radius of the hemispherical cavity 24 matches the structural radius of the rotating ball head 28, and the diameter of the open end at the top of the hemispherical cavity 24 is smaller than the structural diameter of the rotating ball head 28, the diameter in the middle of the hemispherical cavity 24 matches the structural radius of the rotating ball head 28, the structural radius of the concave surface of the fan-shaped brake plate 213 matches the structural radius of the rotating ball head 28, when the concave surface of the fan-shaped brake plate 213 abuts against the outer surface of the rotating ball head 28, there are gaps between the movable plate 210 and the bottom end and the top end of the second cylindrical component movable cavity 25.

[0025] In order to have the function of controlling the magnitude of the gas suction force, so as to prevent medical accidents caused by excessive suction force, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7 and Figure 8, it is necessary to set up a central suction control mechanism 3, which internally has a horizontal hollow column 31 located at the periphery of one end of the hollow annular body 11 and in a hollow state inside, a first docking channel 35 and a second docking channel 36 arranged at both ends of the horizontal hollow column 31 and capable of docking with a drainage tube for discharging liquid, and an elastic air film cylinder 37 embedded in the middle of the liquid flow path of the first docking channel 35 and the second docking channel 36 and generating an inner diameter closing phenomenon when the inner gas suction overloads. When needed, the middle pipes of the drainage tube are respectively docked at the installation ports of the first docking channel 35 and the second docking channel 36. When the gas generates suction, this suction will generate a closing tendency on the circumferential inner wall of the elastic air film cylinder 37. Once the suction is greater than the elastic strength of the elastic air film cylinder 37, it will cause the inner diameter of the elastic air film cylinder 37 to close, thereby blocking the further increase of the gas suction pressure in the patient's abdominal cavity, and then having the function of controlling the size of the gas suction, so as to prevent medical accidents caused by excessive suction.

[0026] For the specific structure of the central suction control mechanism 3, please refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 , including a horizontal hollow column 31. A radial connecting rod 32 of an integral structure with it is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the horizontal hollow column 31. An axial connecting rod 33 is fixedly installed at the end of the radial connecting rod 32. One end of the axial connecting rod 33 is fixedly installed on the corresponding end face of the vertical fixed ear structure 113. A cylindrical cavity 34 is arranged inside the horizontal hollow column 31. A first docking channel 35 and a second docking channel 36 of an integral structure with it and communicating the peripheral space and the end of the cylindrical cavity 34 are respectively arranged at both ends of the horizontal hollow column 31. An elastic air film cylinder 37 connecting the opposite ports of the first docking channel 35 and the second docking channel 36 is installed inside the horizontal hollow column 31 in the cylindrical cavity 34, thus forming a liquid flow path. The elastic air film cylinder 37 is made of a rubber material with elastic extension function.

[0027] In use, the air extraction port of the air extraction device is docked with the gas discharge channel 13 through a pipeline, and then the body of the drainage tube is passed through the central regions of each sector-shaped contact plate 111, and the concave surface of the sector-shaped contact plate 111 is made to contact the outer wall of the body of the drainage tube. Start the air extraction device. At this time, the gas inside the first cylindrical component activity cavity 15 and the gas flow holes 112 is extracted. Under the action of the gas suction force, the outer wall of the body of the drainage tube will be adsorbed on the concave surface of the sector-shaped contact plate 111, realizing effective fixation of the drainage tube. At the same time, when the gas suction force is greater than the elastic strength of the first spiral spring 19, the first spiral spring 19 will tend to be compressed, and the piston plate 18 and the hollow pull rod 110 will cause the sector-shaped contact plate 111 to drive the drainage tube to produce an outward pulling phenomenon, so that the drainage tube has a tendency to expand outward, and thus the adsorption type fixation effect of the drainage tube is realized. According to the working path of the drainage tube, manually rotate the hollow ring body 11. At this time, the hollow ring body 11 will drive the rotating ball head 28 to rotate. When the clamping angle adjustment is completed, due to the elastic strength of the second spiral spring 211, the sector-shaped brake plate 213 will contact the surface of the rotating ball head 28 with a moving pressure. Due to the friction force between the two, the device will remain stationary, realizing the anti-detachment fixation effect of the drainage tube.

[0028] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An anti - shedding drainage device for thoracic surgery nursing, characterized in that: including, a gas adsorption type fixing mechanism (1), which is internally provided with a plurality of columnar protrusion structures (14) arranged in an annular array and hollow inside, a piston plate (18) placed inside the columnar protrusion structure (14) and hollow at the center, a sector-shaped contact plate (111) located outside one end of the columnar protrusion structure (14) and hollow at the center, and a first helical spring (19) placed inside the columnar protrusion structure (14) and producing an elastic damping effect on the piston plate (18) when the piston plate (18) moves under the action of gas suction force; and a universal adjustable support mechanism (2), which is internally provided with a vertical support column (22) that is hollow inside and supports the gas adsorption type fixing mechanism (1), a hemispherical housing (23) arranged at the top of the vertical support column (22) and hollow at the center, a rotating ball head (28) placed inside the hemispherical housing (23) and capable of rotating with the movement of the columnar protrusion structure (14), a sector-shaped brake plate (213) contacting the bottom surface of the rotating ball head (28) and capable of moving longitudinally, and a second helical spring (211) placed inside the vertical support column (22) and exerting an upward elastic pressure on the sector-shaped brake plate (213).

2. The anti-detachment drainage device for thoracic surgery nursing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas adsorption type fixing mechanism (1) includes a hollow annular body (11). An annular gas flow chamber (12) is arranged inside the annular body of the hollow annular body (11). A gas discharge channel (13) which is of an integral structure with the outer ring surface of the hollow annular body (11), communicates with the annular gas flow chamber (12), and is internally provided with a gas valve is arranged on the outer ring surface of the hollow annular body (11). Three columnar convex structures (14) in an annular array are arranged on the inner ring surface of the hollow annular body (11). A first columnar component moving chamber (15) is arranged inside the columnar convex structure (14). A gas flow channel (16) which communicates the first columnar component moving chamber (15) and the annular gas flow chamber (12) is arranged at one end of the columnar convex structure (14) close to the hollow annular body (11). A first rod perforation (17) which communicates the first columnar component moving chamber (15) and the external space is arranged at one end of the columnar convex structure (14) far from the hollow annular body (11). A piston plate (18) capable of axially moving along the first columnar component moving chamber (15) is placed inside the columnar convex structure (14) at the position of the first columnar component moving chamber (15). A hollow pull rod (110) which is of an integral structure with the piston plate (18) and penetrates through the first rod perforation (17) is arranged at the end of the piston plate (18) facing the first rod perforation (17). A first spiral spring (19) in a compressed state is placed at the other end of the piston plate (18). A sector-shaped abutting plate (111) which is of an integral structure with the hollow pull rod (110) is arranged at one end of the hollow pull rod (110) outside the columnar convex structure (14). A gas flow hole (112) which communicates one end surface of the piston plate (18) and the concave surface of the sector-shaped abutting plate (111) is arranged at the centers of the piston plate (18), the hollow pull rod (110) and the sector-shaped abutting plate (111). A vertical fixing ear structure (113) which is of an integral structure with the outer ring surface of the hollow annular body (11) is arranged at one end of the outer ring surface of the hollow annular body (11).

3. The anti - shedding drainage device for thoracic surgery nursing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The axis line of the columnar convex structure (14) is perpendicular to the axis line of the hollow annular body (11), and the intersection point of the two axis lines is on the axis line of the hollow annular body (11).

4. The anti - shedding drainage device for thoracic surgery nursing according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the first spiral spring (19) is fixedly installed on one end surface of the first columnar component moving chamber (15), and the other end is fixedly installed on the corresponding end surface of the piston plate (18). In the initial state, the axis line of the sector-shaped abutting plate (111) is on the same straight line as the axis line of the hollow annular body (11).

5. The anti-detachment drainage device for thoracic surgery nursing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The universal adjustable support mechanism (2) includes a support base (21). On the upper surface of the support base (21), there is a vertical support column (22) with an integrated structure. At the top of the vertical support column (22), there is a hemispherical housing (23) with an integrated structure. Inside the hemispherical housing (23), there is a hemispherical cavity (24) with an open top. Inside the vertical support column (22), there is a second cylindrical component moving cavity (25). At the bottom area of the hemispherical housing (23), there is a downwardly concave sector-shaped moving groove (27). Inside the vertical support column (22), there is a second rod perforation (26) connecting the bottom area of the sector-shaped moving groove (27) and the top end of the second cylindrical component moving cavity (25). Inside the hemispherical housing (23) within the hemispherical cavity (24), there is a rotatable rotating ball head (28). At the top of the rotating ball head (28), there is a fixed protrusion structure (29) with an integrated structure and fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer ring surface of the hollow ring body (11). Inside the vertical support column (22) within the second cylindrical component moving cavity (25), there is a movable plate (210) that can move axially along the second cylindrical component moving cavity (25). At the bottom area of the movable plate (210), there is a compressed second spiral spring (211). On the upper end surface of the movable plate (210), there is a longitudinal push rod (212) passing through the second rod perforation (26). Inside the sector-shaped moving groove (27), the longitudinal push rod (212) is installed with a sector-shaped braking plate (213) that abuts against the bottom area of the rotating ball head (28).

6. The anti - shedding drainage device for thoracic surgery nursing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The structural radius of the hemispherical cavity (24) matches the structural radius of the rotating ball head (28), and the diameter of the open end at the top of the hemispherical cavity (24) is smaller than the structural diameter of the rotating ball head (28). The diameter in the middle of the hemispherical cavity (24) matches the structural radius of the rotating ball head (28).

7. The anti - shedding drainage device for thoracic surgery nursing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The structural radius of the concave surface of the sector-shaped braking plate (213) matches the structural radius of the rotating ball head (28). When the concave surface of the sector-shaped braking plate (213) abuts against the outer surface of the rotating ball head (28), there are gaps between the movable plate (210) and the bottom and top ends of the second cylindrical component moving cavity (25).

8. A drainage device for thoracic surgery care that prevents falling off according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a middle suction control mechanism (3). Inside it, there is a horizontal hollow column (31) located at the periphery of one end of the hollow ring body (11) and hollow inside, a first docking channel (35) and a second docking channel (36) provided at both ends of the horizontal hollow column (31) and capable of docking with a drainage pipe for discharging liquid, and an elastic air film cylinder (37) embedded in the middle of the liquid flow path of the first docking channel (35) and the second docking channel (36) and generating an inner diameter closing phenomenon when the inner gas suction overloads.

9. The anti - shedding drainage device for thoracic surgery nursing according to claim 8, wherein: The middle suction control mechanism (3) includes a horizontal hollow column (31). A radial connecting rod (32) with an integral structure with the outer circumferential surface of the horizontal hollow column (31) is provided. An axial connecting rod (33) is fixedly installed at the end of the radial connecting rod (32). One end of the axial connecting rod (33) is fixedly installed on the corresponding end surface of the vertical fixed ear structure (113). A cylindrical cavity (34) is arranged inside the horizontal hollow column (31). A first docking channel (35) and a second docking channel (36) which are integrally structured with the horizontal hollow column (31) and communicate with the peripheral space and the end of the cylindrical cavity (34) are respectively arranged at both ends of the horizontal hollow column (31). An elastic air film cylinder (37) which communicates with the opposite ports of the first docking channel (35) and the second docking channel (36) and thus forms a liquid flow path is installed inside the horizontal hollow column (31) at the position of the cylindrical cavity (34).

10. A drainage device for thoracic surgery care that prevents detachment according to claim 9, characterized in that: The elastic air film cylinder (37) is made of a rubber material with elastic extension function.

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