Charging and discharging control method and device of energy storage equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power supply control, and discloses a charging and discharging control method and device for energy storage equipment, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the state data of a battery pack in real time through an acquisition module, converting the state data into characteristics of SOC, SOH and the like, analyzing the overall distribution and time trend of the state characteristics of the battery, extracting the state characteristics of a power supply, and evaluating the state characteristics of the power supply. A safety control strategy is generated and implemented, charging and discharging stages are divided, a control strategy is formulated and a charging and discharging strategy is optimized, the safety and reliability of energy storage equipment are improved, the charging and discharging efficiency is optimized, the service life of a battery is prolonged, intelligent management of data driving is achieved, and the operation cost is reduced. The problem of high cost of separately controlling each battery pack of a power supply in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power control, and particularly relates to a charge and discharge control method and device for an energy storage device. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, the power supply (AC power supply and PV power supply) and the BMS belong to different components, and the power control and the BMS control are designed and defined independently, resulting in duplication of functions such as sampling and protection in the power supply and BMS parts. For example, both the power supply and the BMS are designed for voltage, current and other sampling, and both are provided with independent over-voltage, under-voltage, over-current during charge and discharge and other protections, and both have independent control chips. During the operation of the system, communication is required between the power supply and the BMS. To achieve this function, a communication circuit and a software protocol between the power supply and the BMS need to be designed, increasing the system design difficulty and cost. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a charge and discharge control method and device for an energy storage device, aiming to solve the problem of high cost of separately controlling each battery pack of the power supply in the prior art.

[0004] The present invention is implemented as follows. In a first aspect, the present invention provides a charge and discharge control method for an energy storage device, including: The acquisition module preset in the energy storage device is used to respectively collect and convert the battery state data of several battery packs of the energy storage device to obtain the battery state characteristics of each battery pack of the energy storage device; The control chip integrated with the safety management algorithm and the charge control algorithm is made to receive the battery state characteristics, and analyze the overall distribution relationship and the time trend relationship of the battery state characteristics of each battery pack of the energy storage device according to the historical data analysis model set in the control chip to obtain the power state characteristics of the energy storage device; wherein, the control chip is used to replace the BMS chip and the power control chip in the energy storage device; The safety management algorithm set in the control chip is used to perform a safety assessment on the power state characteristics to obtain the safety assessment result of the energy storage device and the safety control countermeasure corresponding to the safety assessment result, and perform safety control on the energy storage device according to the safety control countermeasure; The charge control algorithm set in the control chip is used to perform a stage assessment on the charge and discharge operation of the power state characteristics to obtain the charge and discharge operation stage of the energy storage device and the charge and discharge operation control countermeasure corresponding to the charge and discharge operation stage, and perform charge and discharge operation control on the energy storage device according to the charge and discharge operation control countermeasure.

[0005] Second aspect, the present invention provides a charge and discharge control device for an energy storage device, which is used to implement the charge and discharge control method for an energy storage device described in any one of the first aspects, and includes: a control chip and a POWER controller for implementing the charge and discharge control method for an energy storage device described in any one of the first aspects, and the POWER controller is electrically connected to the control chip to receive the control instructions generated by the control chip when executing the charge and discharge control method for the energy storage device, so as to replace the BMS controller and the BMS charging control switch to implement the functions of voltage sampling, current sampling, temperature sampling, charging control, discharging control, and protection control.

[0006] The present invention provides a charge and discharge control method for an energy storage device, which has the following beneficial effects: The present invention obtains the battery pack state data in real time through the acquisition module, converts it into features such as SOC and SOH, analyzes the overall distribution and time trend of the battery state features, extracts the power state features, evaluates the power state features, generates and implements safety control countermeasures, divides the charge and discharge stages, formulates control countermeasures and optimizes the charge and discharge strategies, improves the safety and reliability of the energy storage device, optimizes the charge and discharge efficiency, extends the battery life, realizes data-driven intelligent management, reduces the operation cost, and solves the problem of high cost of separately controlling each battery pack of the power supply in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] Figure 1 is a step schematic diagram of a charge and discharge control method for an energy storage device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0008] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0009] The implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0010] Refer to Figure 1 as shown, which is a preferred embodiment provided by the present invention.

[0011] First aspect, the present invention provides a charge and discharge control method for an energy storage device, including: S1: Respectively perform data acquisition and data conversion on the battery states of several battery packs of the energy storage device through an acquisition module preset in the energy storage device, so as to obtain the battery state features of each battery pack of the energy storage device; S2: Enable the control chip integrated with the security management algorithm and the charging control algorithm to receive the battery state characteristics, and analyze the overall distribution relationship and time trend relationship of the battery state characteristics of each battery pack of the energy storage device according to the historical data analysis model set in the control chip, so as to obtain the power state characteristics of the energy storage device; wherein, the control chip is used to replace the BMS chip and the power control chip in the energy storage device; S3: Perform a security assessment on the power state characteristics through the security management algorithm set in the control chip to obtain the security assessment result of the energy storage device and the security control countermeasures corresponding to the security assessment result, and perform security control on the energy storage device according to the security control countermeasures; S4: Perform a phased assessment of the charging and discharging operations on the power state characteristics through the charging control algorithm set in the control chip to obtain the charging and discharging operation phases of the energy storage device and the charging and discharging operation control countermeasures corresponding to the charging and discharging operation phases, and perform charging and discharging operation control on the energy storage device according to the charging and discharging operation control countermeasures.

[0012] Specifically, in step S1 of the embodiment provided by the present invention, a data acquisition module (such as a sensor, a BMS battery management system, etc.) is preset in each battery pack of the energy storage device, which is used to collect battery state data in real time. The acquisition module monitors key parameters such as the voltage, current, temperature, internal resistance, SOC (State of Charge), and SOH (State of Health) of the battery pack in real time, and transmits the collected raw data to the data processing center or local storage device through wired or wireless communication methods. The collected raw data is cleaned and preprocessed, including operations such as removing noise, filling in missing values, and data alignment. The raw data is converted into battery state characteristics through algorithms or models. For example: calculating the SOC of the battery (based on the voltage and current integration method or model estimation method), evaluating the SOH of the battery (based on indicators such as capacity decay and internal resistance change), and analyzing characteristics such as the temperature distribution and consistency of the battery.

[0013] More specifically, the converted battery state characteristics are stored in a database or data platform for subsequent analysis. By setting thresholds or algorithm models, the abnormal states of the battery pack (such as overvoltage, overheating, poor consistency, etc.) are detected in real time. By collecting and converting battery state data in real time, the abnormal states of the battery pack (such as overcharging, over-discharging, temperature anomalies, etc.) can be discovered in time, and a warning signal is issued to avoid the occurrence of safety accidents.

[0014] Specifically, in step S2 of the embodiment provided by the present invention, historical data collection: extract the historical battery state characteristic data (such as SOC, SOH, voltage, current, temperature, etc.) of each battery pack of the energy storage device from the database or data platform, clean the historical data, including operations such as removing outliers, filling in missing values, and data alignment, to ensure data quality, perform statistical analysis on the battery state characteristics of each battery pack, calculate the statistical indicators of the numerical relationships of each battery pack, understand the overall distribution of the battery packs, analyze the consistency between each battery pack, identify whether there is a situation where the performance of individual battery packs significantly deviates from the overall distribution, and display the distribution of the battery state characteristics through visualization tools such as histograms and box plots for intuitive understanding.

[0015] More specifically, perform time series analysis on the battery state characteristics to observe their changing trends over time (such as the decay trend of SOC, the decline trend of SOH, etc.), use time series prediction models (such as ARIMA, LSTM, etc.) to predict the future changing trends of the battery state characteristics, identify whether there are abnormal changes (such as sudden drops or rises) in the battery state characteristics by analyzing the time trend, and analyze the reasons. Integrate the analysis results of the overall distribution relationship and the time trend relationship, extract the characteristics that can reflect the overall power state of the energy storage device (such as overall SOC, overall SOH, battery pack consistency index, etc.), evaluate the overall operating state of the energy storage device (such as health state, remaining life, potential risks, etc.) based on the extracted power state characteristics, and generate an analysis report to describe in detail the power state characteristics of the energy storage device and their analysis results.

[0016] It can be understood that through the analysis of the overall distribution relationship, the performance distribution of each battery pack can be comprehensively understood, and abnormal battery packs can be identified. Through the analysis of the time trend relationship, the changing trend of the battery state characteristics can be grasped, and the possible state changes in the future can be predicted. Through the analysis results, the operation and maintenance personnel can quickly locate the problem battery packs, formulate targeted maintenance strategies, and improve the operation and maintenance efficiency.

[0017] It should be noted that a safety management algorithm and a charging control algorithm are set in the control chip. The control chip is used to execute the safety management algorithm and the charging control algorithm after receiving the battery state characteristics. The safety management algorithm is used to implement the specific steps executed in step S3, and the charging control algorithm is used to implement the specific steps executed in step S4. Specifically, in step S3 of the embodiment provided by the present invention, perform the functions of this step according to the preset safety management algorithm, obtain the current power state characteristic data from the battery state characteristic data that has been collected and converted in the previous steps. The power state characteristics are used to describe the overall power condition of the energy storage device, including the condition characteristics of each battery pack.

[0018] More specifically, the pre-established security assessment model is used to calculate and analyze the collected power status characteristic data. This model can comprehensively evaluate the security of the battery pack based on machine learning algorithms, statistical analysis methods, or expert system rules. The trained model can predict the risk score by inputting the power status characteristics. Based on statistical methods, abnormal situations can be detected through comparison with historical data.

[0019] More specifically, the security assessment model will output one or more evaluation indicators, such as: security score, risk level, specific potential problems. According to the security assessment results, corresponding security control countermeasures are formulated. These countermeasures will be targeted according to different risk levels and specific problems. According to the formulated security control countermeasures, the energy storage device is automatically controlled accordingly. The specific control measures include: adjusting the charge and discharge rate, reducing the workload, increasing or decreasing the working intensity of the cooling system, triggering the alarm system to remind the operator. In extreme cases, the relevant battery pack is automatically disconnected to avoid further damage.

[0020] It can be understood that through real-time security assessment, potential security risks can be detected in the early stage of problem occurrence, so as to take measures in time to prevent the problem from deteriorating further, improve the dynamic response ability of the system, and be able to quickly adjust according to the changing state characteristics to ensure the stable operation of the system.

[0021] Specifically, in step S4 of the embodiment provided by the present invention, this step function is executed according to the preset charge control algorithm. Based on the power status characteristics obtained from the historical data analysis model (such as overall SOC, overall SOH, battery pack consistency, etc.), features related to the charge and discharge operation are further extracted (such as current SOC, charge and discharge rate, temperature distribution, etc.). According to the power status characteristics, the charge and discharge operation is divided into different stages, for example: charging stage: constant current charging, constant voltage charging, trickle charging; discharging stage: high-power discharging, low-power discharging, cut-off discharging.

[0022] More specifically, evaluate whether the current SOC is close to the full charge state to judge whether it is necessary to switch from constant current charging to constant voltage charging, evaluate whether the battery temperature is within the safe range to judge whether it is necessary to reduce the charging rate, evaluate whether the current SOC is close to the cut-off discharging state to judge whether it is necessary to stop discharging, evaluate whether the discharging rate is too high to judge whether it is necessary to adjust the load power, evaluate the consistency of the battery pack to judge whether it is necessary to balance the charge, evaluate the battery temperature and the ambient temperature to judge whether it is necessary to start the temperature control system.

[0023] More specifically, during the constant current charging stage, a constant current is maintained for charging until the voltage reaches the set value. During the constant voltage charging stage, a constant voltage is maintained for charging until the current drops to the set value. During the trickle charging stage, a small current is used for charging to ensure that the battery is fully charged. During the high-power discharging stage, the discharging rate is adjusted according to the load demand to ensure that the battery is not over-discharged. During the low-power discharging stage, the discharging rate is reduced to extend the battery life. During the cut-off discharging stage, discharging is stopped to avoid damage to the battery caused by over-discharging.

[0024] More specifically, the battery state characteristics are monitored in real time through the acquisition module to ensure that the charging and discharging operations are carried out according to the control countermeasures. According to the real-time monitoring results, the charging and discharging strategies are dynamically adjusted (such as adjusting the charging rate, discharging power, etc.). During the charging and discharging process, if an abnormal state (such as overheating, overvoltage, etc.) is detected, protection measures are immediately taken (such as stopping charging and discharging, starting the cooling system, etc.).

[0025] More specifically, through stage-by-stage evaluation and control, the charging and discharging strategies can be optimized, the charging and discharging efficiency can be improved, and energy loss can be reduced. Through balanced charging and consistency management, the consistency of the battery pack can be improved, and the overall performance of the energy storage device can be optimized. By extending the battery life and reducing the failure rate, the battery replacement cost and maintenance cost can be reduced. Through the analysis of the power supply state characteristics and stage-by-stage evaluation, data-driven charging and discharging control can be achieved, and the intelligent management level of the energy storage device can be improved.

[0026] It should be noted that in the power management system of the prior art, the power supply (AC power supply and PV power supply) and the BMS belong to different components, and the power supply control and the BMS control are designed independently, defining functions, resulting in duplication of some sampling and protection functions between the power supply and the BMS. For example, both the power supply and the BMS will design voltage, current, etc. sampling, and will also set independent over- and under-voltage, over-current during charging and discharging, etc. protection, and both have independent control chips. And during the operation of the system, communication is required between the power supply and the BMS. To achieve this function, a communication circuit and a software protocol between the power supply and the BMS need to be designed, increasing the system design difficulty and cost. The technical solution of the present invention integrates the BMS and the power supply control to realize the functions of the system power supply and the BMS in one component, and uses the electrical protection function and control coordination of the power supply itself to simplify the charging management control and circuit of the BMS; it is difficult to reduce the system cost.

[0027] The present invention provides a method for controlling the charging and discharging of an energy storage device, which has the following beneficial effects: The present invention obtains the battery pack status data in real time through the acquisition module, converts it into features such as SOC and SOH, analyzes the overall distribution and time trend of the battery status features, extracts the power supply status features, evaluates the power supply status features, generates and implements safety control countermeasures, divides the charge and discharge stages, formulates control countermeasures and optimizes the charge and discharge strategies, improves the safety and reliability of the energy storage device, optimizes the charge and discharge efficiency, extends the battery life, realizes data-driven intelligent management, reduces the operation cost, and solves the problem of high cost in separately controlling each battery pack of the power supply in the prior art.

[0028] Preferably, the step of obtaining the battery status features of each battery pack of the energy storage device by respectively collecting and converting the battery status data of several battery packs of the energy storage device through the acquisition module preset in the energy storage device includes: S11: Collecting the data of the corresponding item parameters of several battery packs of the energy storage device at a specified frequency through the voltage sensor, current sensor and temperature sensor preset in the energy storage device, so as to obtain the voltage data, current data and temperature data of each battery pack of the energy storage device at each acquisition time node; wherein, the voltage sensor, the current sensor and the temperature sensor jointly constitute the acquisition module of the energy storage device; S12: Performing analog-to-digital data conversion processing on the voltage data, current data and temperature data of each battery pack of the energy storage device to obtain the voltage data, current data and temperature data of each battery pack of the energy storage device in digital signal form; S13: Reading the voltage data, current data and temperature data of each battery pack of the energy storage device in digital signal form to obtain the voltage data, current data and temperature data available for battery status analysis; S14: Performing multi-item analysis of the battery working mode, battery energy storage level and battery health index on each battery pack respectively according to the voltage data, current data and temperature data available for battery status analysis, so as to obtain the battery working mode, battery energy storage level and battery health index of each battery pack, and the battery working mode, battery energy storage level and battery health index of each battery pack jointly constitute the battery status features of each battery pack.

[0029] Specifically, voltage sensors, current sensors, and temperature sensors are pre-set in each battery pack of the energy storage device to form an acquisition module. Through the voltage sensors, current sensors, and temperature sensors, the voltage, current, and temperature data of each battery pack are collected at a specified frequency, and the voltage, current, and temperature data at each acquisition time node are recorded to ensure the timeliness and integrity of the data. The voltage, current, and temperature data collected by the sensors are analog signals, and the analog signals are converted into digital signals through an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) to obtain the voltage, current, and temperature data in digital signal form.

[0030] More specifically, the converted digital signals are transmitted to a data processing unit (such as a microcontroller, BMS, etc.). The data processing unit reads the voltage, current, and temperature data in digital signal form to ensure that the data can be used for subsequent analysis. According to the voltage and current data, the current working mode of the battery pack (such as charging, discharging, standing, etc.) is judged, and parameters such as the charge and discharge rate and the charge and discharge cut-off conditions are analyzed. According to the voltage and current data, the SOC (State of Charge) of the battery pack is calculated, and methods such as the integration method and the model estimation method are used to calculate the SOC. According to the voltage, current, and temperature data, the SOH (State of Health) of the battery pack is evaluated, and the SOH is calculated through indicators such as capacity attenuation and internal resistance change. The analysis results of the battery working mode, the battery energy storage level, and the battery health index are integrated to form the battery state characteristics of each battery pack.

[0031] It can be understood that by collecting voltage, current, and temperature data in real time through sensors, the operating state of the battery pack can be comprehensively grasped. The data collection at a specified frequency ensures the timeliness and continuity of the data. Converting the analog signal into a digital signal through an analog-to-digital converter ensures the accuracy and reliability of the data. The data in digital signal form is convenient for subsequent processing and analysis. By analyzing the battery working mode, the battery energy storage level, and the battery health index, the state of the battery pack can be comprehensively evaluated. The analysis of the battery working mode provides a basis for charge and discharge control. The analysis of the battery energy storage level provides support for energy management. The analysis of the battery health index provides a reference for battery life prediction and maintenance.

[0032] Preferably, the steps of enabling a control chip integrated with a safety management algorithm and a charging control algorithm to receive the battery state characteristics and analyzing the overall distribution relationship and time trend relationship of the battery state characteristics of each battery pack of the energy storage device according to the historical data analysis model set in the control chip to obtain the power state characteristics of the energy storage device include: S21: Deploy a historical data analysis model in advance for the control chip in the energy storage device, so that the control chip in the energy storage device is in the device analysis mode; wherein, the control chip in the device analysis mode has the function of matching the battery state characteristics of each battery pack according to historical data to generate corresponding power state characteristics; S22: Let the control chip in the device analysis mode perform historical data matching on the overall distribution relationship of the battery state characteristics of each battery pack at the same moment, so as to obtain the device battery pack state distribution characteristics of each battery pack in the energy storage device at the same moment, and generate a time mark for the device battery pack state distribution characteristics; S23: Let the control chip in the device analysis mode perform historical data matching on the time trend relationship of each device battery pack state distribution characteristic according to the time mark of each device battery pack state distribution characteristic, so as to obtain the distribution change trend characteristic of the device battery pack state distribution characteristics shown by the energy storage device at continuous time nodes; S24: Extract and combine the key features of the device battery pack state distribution characteristics of the energy storage device at each time node and the distribution change trend characteristics at continuous time nodes, so as to obtain the power state characteristics of the energy storage device.

[0033] Specifically, a historical data analysis model is deployed in advance in the control chip of the energy storage device, enabling it to perform data matching and analysis. The control chip enters the "device analysis mode" and has the function of processing historical data and matching the state characteristics of each battery pack. The control chip performs data matching on the battery state characteristics (voltage, current, temperature, health index, etc.) of each battery pack, generates the state distribution characteristics of each battery pack at the same moment, and performs time marking. Based on the time marking, the state distribution characteristics of the battery packs at multiple time nodes are matched and analyzed to identify the state change trend of the battery packs at continuous time nodes, forming the state evolution characteristics of the device battery packs. Combining the device battery pack state distribution characteristics and their time change trends at all time nodes, key feature points are extracted, and through data modeling and analysis methods (such as regression analysis, clustering analysis, etc.), comprehensive calculations are performed to generate the overall power state characteristics of the energy storage device.

[0034] More specifically, through time trend analysis and distribution relationship matching, the accuracy of battery health state assessment is improved. Through the prediction of the device battery pack state distribution trend, intelligent charge and discharge scheduling is realized, and the battery life is extended. Through historical data matching and trend analysis, abnormal battery states can be detected in advance, reducing the failure risk. By comprehensively analyzing the power state characteristics of the energy storage device, the overall energy conversion and storage efficiency of the energy storage device is improved.

[0035] Preferably, the steps of pre-deploying the historical data analysis model for the control chip in the energy storage device include: S211: Obtain the device performance model of the energy storage device, and retrieve the historical data corresponding to the device performance model from the historical database; wherein, the historical data includes the state monitoring data shown by the energy storage device during charge and discharge operations and the evaluation results of the energy storage device corresponding to the state monitoring data, the state monitoring data corresponds to the battery state characteristics of each battery pack of the energy storage device, and the device evaluation results include the state distribution characteristics and distribution change trend characteristics of the device battery pack of the energy storage device; S212: Perform reserve processing on the energy storage device for the data to be matched based on the historical data to obtain a historical database for historical data matching; S213: Build a data interaction channel for receiving battery state characteristics to perform historical data matching based on the historical database, and obtain a data interaction channel with historical data matching function. The historical database and the data interaction channel together constitute the historical data analysis model.

[0036] Specifically, obtain the specific model and performance parameter information of the energy storage device, and retrieve the corresponding historical data from the historical database according to the obtained device performance model. These historical data include: the state monitoring data shown by the energy storage device during charge and discharge operations, such as voltage, current, temperature, state of charge (SoC), state of health (SoH), etc., and the corresponding evaluation results of the energy storage device, including the state distribution characteristics and distribution change trend characteristics of the device battery pack.

[0037] More specifically, clean and organize the retrieved historical data, remove noise and outliers to ensure data quality, classify the historical data by time, state characteristics, evaluation results, etc., and perform annotation for subsequent matching processing. Store the organized historical data in the historical database to ensure data accessibility and convenient management.

[0038] More specifically, design a data interaction channel for receiving battery state characteristics and performing historical data matching. This channel needs to have efficient data transmission and processing capabilities, implement the historical data matching function of the data interaction channel, enable it to receive real-time battery state data, and match the data with the data in the historical database. Integrate the data interaction channel with the historical database to ensure smooth data flow between the two.

[0039] More specifically, deploy the constructed historical database and data interaction channel to the control chip of the energy storage device, and perform functional verification on the deployed system to ensure that it can correctly receive battery state characteristics and perform effective historical data matching and analysis.

[0040] It is understandable that by pre - constructing a historical database and a data interaction channel, the efficiency of data processing and matching is significantly improved, the burden of real - time calculation is reduced, which helps to quickly respond to battery state changes and timely adjust the charge - discharge strategy. Based on the matching and analysis of historical data, the battery state can be more accurately evaluated, the working mode, energy storage level and health index of the battery can be identified, providing rich historical data support, enhancing the reliability and accuracy of the analysis model. Through the historical data analysis model, the battery state can be monitored and analyzed in real time, and the management strategy of energy storage equipment can be optimized.

[0041] Preferably, the steps of performing a security assessment on the power state characteristics through a security management algorithm set in the control chip, obtaining the security assessment result of the energy storage device and the security control countermeasure corresponding to the security assessment result, and performing security control on the energy storage device according to the security control countermeasure include: S31: Obtain the working record parameters of the energy storage device, and adaptively correct a preset basic assessment standard according to the working record parameters to obtain a state assessment standard for content analysis of the power state characteristics; S32: Analyze the feedback content of the power state characteristics based on the state assessment standard to obtain the safety threshold matching index of each battery pack in several protection items. The safety threshold matching indexes of each battery pack in each protection item together constitute the security assessment result of the energy storage device; wherein, the protection items include charge control protection, over - under voltage protection, and over - current protection; S33: Make a numerical judgment on the safety threshold matching index of each battery pack in each protection item, and retrieve the security control countermeasure corresponding to the protection item from a preset countermeasure library according to the result of the numerical judgment, and perform security control on the energy storage device according to the security control countermeasure.

[0042] Specifically, collect the working record parameters from the energy storage device. These parameters may include historical charge - discharge records, voltage, current, temperature data, operation time, etc. The preset basic assessment standard usually includes the safe working range of the battery, charge - discharge parameters, safety thresholds, etc. According to the collected working record parameters, adjust and correct the preset basic assessment standard to make it more in line with the actual working state of the current energy storage device. Through the above - mentioned adjustment, a state assessment standard for content analysis of the power state characteristics is obtained.

[0043] More specifically, based on the revised state evaluation criteria, the power supply state characteristics are analyzed. The power supply state characteristics include the voltage, current, temperature, state of charge (SoC), state of health (SoH), etc. of each battery pack. The safety threshold matching index of each battery pack for several protection items (such as charging control protection, over- and under-voltage protection, over-current protection) is calculated. The matching indexes of each battery pack for each protection item together constitute the safety evaluation result of the energy storage device.

[0044] More specifically, a numerical judgment is made on the safety threshold matching index of each battery pack for each protection item to determine whether it exceeds the safety threshold or is close to the dangerous range. According to the numerical judgment result, the corresponding safety control countermeasures are retrieved from the preset countermeasure library. These countermeasures may include adjusting the charging current, reducing the discharge rate, increasing the cooling intensity, etc.

[0045] More specifically, according to the retrieved safety control countermeasures, corresponding safety control is performed on the energy storage device. Charging control: Adjust the charging current and voltage to prevent overcharging. Over- and under-voltage protection: Disconnect the battery pack in time to avoid overvoltage or undervoltage. Over-current protection: Limit the current to prevent battery damage caused by overcurrent. Continuously monitor the state of the battery pack and further adjust the control measures according to the real-time data to ensure safety.

[0046] It can be understood that by real-time monitoring the working state of the battery pack and conducting safety evaluation, potential safety risks can be discovered in a timely manner, and corresponding protective measures can be taken quickly to avoid accidents. Safety control is provided in multiple aspects such as charging control, over- and under-voltage protection, over-current protection, etc., comprehensively ensuring the safe operation of the energy storage device. Through adaptive correction, the evaluation criteria are made more suitable for the actual working state, ensuring the accuracy and effectiveness of the evaluation result. According to the real-time evaluation result, the most appropriate safety control countermeasures are intelligently retrieved to optimize battery management and improve the operation efficiency of the device.

[0047] Preferably, the steps of performing a phased evaluation of the charge and discharge operation on the power supply state characteristics through a charge control algorithm set in the control chip to obtain the charge and discharge operation stages of the energy storage device and the charge and discharge operation control countermeasures corresponding to the charge and discharge operation stages, and performing charge and discharge operation control on the energy storage device according to the charge and discharge operation control countermeasures include: S41: Analyze the charging and discharging working nature and the current electric energy reserve of the energy storage device according to the power supply state characteristics, so as to obtain the charging and discharging working stage of the energy storage device at the current moment and the first switching weight corresponding to the charging and discharging working stage at the current moment; wherein, the charging and discharging working stages include several working stages of the charging mode and several working stages of the discharging mode, the working stages of the charging mode include a pre-charging stage, a constant current charging stage, a constant voltage charging stage, and a trickle charging stage, and the working stages of the discharging mode include an initial discharging stage, a constant current discharging stage, a constant voltage discharging stage, and a termination discharging stage; S42: Record the duration of each working stage in the current charging and discharging operation of the energy storage device to obtain the working stage reference sequence of the current charging and discharging operation of the energy storage device, and evaluate the weight of stage switching for the charging and discharging working stage at the current moment according to the working stage reference sequence, so as to obtain the second switching weight corresponding to the charging and discharging working stage at the current moment; S43: Conduct a comprehensive analysis of the first switching weight and the second switching weight to obtain the stage switching judgment result of the charging and discharging working stage at the current moment. When the stage switching judgment result shows that the charging and discharging working stage at the current moment needs to be switched to the next charging and discharging working stage, generate the corresponding charging and discharging working control countermeasure, and control the charging and discharging operation of the energy storage device according to the charging and discharging working control countermeasure.

[0048] Specifically, obtain power supply state characteristic data such as voltage, current, temperature, state of charge (SoC), state of health (SoH), etc. from the energy storage device, and analyze the charging and discharging working nature and the electric energy reserve: According to the power supply state characteristics, analyze the current charging or discharging working nature of the energy storage device to determine the current electric energy reserve (SoC).

[0049] More specifically, based on the power supply state characteristics, judge the charging and discharging working stage of the energy storage device at the current moment. The working stages of the charging mode include a pre-charging stage, a constant current charging stage, a constant voltage charging stage, and a trickle charging stage; the working stages of the discharging mode include an initial discharging stage, a constant current discharging stage, a constant voltage discharging stage, and a termination discharging stage. Evaluate the adaptability of the current working stage, and calculate the first switching weight according to the current power supply state characteristics and the electric energy reserve, which is used to judge whether it is necessary to switch the working stage.

[0050] More specifically, in each charging and discharging operation, record the duration of each working stage to form a working stage reference sequence. As the charging and discharging process progresses, continuously update the working stage reference sequence of the current charging and discharging operation. Based on the working stage reference sequence, evaluate the weight of stage switching for the charging and discharging working stage at the current moment, and calculate the second switching weight.

[0051] More specifically, a comprehensive analysis is performed on the first switching weight and the second switching weight to evaluate whether a stage switch is required at the current moment. According to the comprehensive analysis result, a stage switching judgment result at the current moment is generated. When the stage switching judgment result indicates that a switch to the next charge and discharge working stage is required, a corresponding charge and discharge working control countermeasure is generated. According to the generated charge and discharge working control countermeasure, corresponding charge and discharge working control is performed on the energy storage device, such as adjusting the charging current and voltage, and controlling the discharge rate, etc.

[0052] It can be understood that through stage-by-stage evaluation and control countermeasures, the operating parameters of each charge and discharge stage are optimized to improve the charge and discharge efficiency. According to the current electric energy reserve and working nature, the charge and discharge resources are reasonably allocated to reduce energy loss. Through accurate stage switching judgment, overcharging or over-discharging of the battery is avoided, reducing battery damage. The charge and discharge working mode is dynamically adjusted according to the battery state to ensure that the battery works in the best state and extend the battery life. By real-time monitoring the battery state and performing stage-by-stage evaluation, potential safety risks are timely detected and corresponding protective measures are quickly taken to provide multi-level protection control in each stage of charging and discharging to ensure the safe operation of the energy storage device.

[0053] Preferably, the step of obtaining the second switching weight corresponding to the charge and discharge working stage at the current moment by performing a weight evaluation on the charge and discharge working stage at the current moment according to the working stage reference sequence includes: S421: Perform an analysis of the time ratio of the charge and discharge working stage at the current moment relative to the completed working stage according to the working stage reference sequence to obtain a stage time ratio; S422: Perform a weight evaluation on the stage time ratio according to a preset analysis criterion to obtain the second switching weight corresponding to the charge and discharge working stage at the current moment.

[0054] Specifically, the duration data of each working stage during the charge and discharge process of the energy storage device is recorded and obtained. These data are usually the time records of each working stage in the charging mode and the discharging mode. Calculate the ratio of the duration of the current stage to the total time of the completed stages. The specific calculation formula is: stage time ratio = current stage duration / total time of completed stages. This ratio helps to judge the rationality of the current charge and discharge stage duration relative to the entire process. If the ratio is too small or too large, the charge and discharge strategy needs to be adjusted.

[0055] More specifically, according to the design requirements and working characteristics of the energy storage device, the time ratio range and criteria for each charge-discharge stage are set. For example, the time ratios of different charging modes (such as constant current charging, constant voltage charging) and discharging modes (such as constant current discharging, termination discharging) should conform to a certain range. The stage time ratio at the current moment is compared with the preset analysis criteria to obtain the corresponding weight value. If the stage time ratio conforms to the predetermined range, the evaluation result is normal and the weight is low; if the time ratio exceeds the normal range, the weight is increased, indicating that a stage switch is required.

[0056] More specifically, through weight evaluation, combining the time ratio of the current stage and the stages that have been carried out, a second switching weight is generated. A high second switching weight means that the current stage is approaching the end and a switch to the next charge-discharge stage may be required; if the weight is low, it means that the current stage should continue to avoid unnecessary switching.

[0057] It can be understood that by analyzing the stage time ratio, the duration of the charge-discharge working stage can be ensured to be appropriate, avoiding premature or late stage switching, thereby improving the charge-discharge efficiency. According to the preset criteria and ratio analysis, it is possible to accurately evaluate whether a stage switch is required, ensuring that the energy storage device always operates in the best working state. By dynamically adjusting the charge-discharge stage, overcharging, over-discharging of the battery or working in a certain stage for too long can be avoided, reducing battery loss and excessive aging, thereby extending the battery life. Through scientific stage switching control, the charging efficiency of the battery is maximized, energy waste is reduced, and the stability of the battery is maintained during charging. By accurately evaluating the stage switching weight, overload or unreasonable discharging stages in the charge-discharge process of the system can be avoided, ensuring the stable operation of the device. Timely identification of the timing of stage switching helps to reduce system abnormalities or failures caused by improper stage switching, improving the stability and reliability of the system.

[0058] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a charge-discharge control device for an energy storage device, which is used to implement the charge-discharge control method for an energy storage device according to any one of the first aspects, including: a control chip and a POWER controller for implementing the charge-discharge control method for an energy storage device according to any one of the first aspects. The POWER controller is electrically connected to the control chip to receive the control instructions generated by the control chip when executing the charge-discharge control method for the energy storage device, so as to replace the BMS controller and the BMS charging control switch to realize the functions of voltage sampling, current sampling, temperature sampling, charging control, discharging control, and protection control.

[0059] In this embodiment, for the specific implementation of each module in the above device embodiment, please refer to the description in the above method embodiment and will not be elaborated here.

[0060] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A charge-discharge control method for an energy storage device, characterized in that, Including: The acquisition module preset in the energy storage device respectively collects and converts the data of the battery states of several battery packs of the energy storage device to obtain the battery state characteristics of each battery pack of the energy storage device; The control chip integrated with the safety management algorithm and the charging control algorithm receives the battery state characteristics, and analyzes the overall distribution relationship and the time trend relationship of the battery state characteristics of each battery pack of the energy storage device according to the historical data analysis model set in the control chip to obtain the power state characteristics of the energy storage device; wherein, the control chip is used to replace the BMS chip and the power control chip in the energy storage device; The safety management algorithm set in the control chip evaluates the safety of the power state characteristics to obtain the safety evaluation result of the energy storage device and the safety control countermeasure corresponding to the safety evaluation result, and performs safety control on the energy storage device according to the safety control countermeasure; The charging control algorithm set in the control chip conducts a phased evaluation of the charge and discharge operations on the power state characteristics to obtain the charge and discharge operation stages of the energy storage device and the charge and discharge operation control countermeasures corresponding to the charge and discharge operation stages, and performs charge and discharge operation control on the energy storage device according to the charge and discharge operation control countermeasures.

2. The charge and discharge control method of the energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein, The steps of respectively collecting and converting the data of the battery states of several battery packs of the energy storage device by the acquisition module preset in the energy storage device to obtain the battery state characteristics of each battery pack of the energy storage device include: The voltage sensor, current sensor, and temperature sensor preset in the energy storage device respectively collect data of specified frequencies of corresponding item parameters of several battery packs of the energy storage device to obtain the voltage data, current data, and temperature data of each battery pack of the energy storage device at each acquisition time node; wherein, the voltage sensor, the current sensor, and the temperature sensor jointly constitute the acquisition module of the energy storage device; Perform data conversion processing from analog signals to digital signals on the voltage data, current data, and temperature data of each battery pack of the energy storage device to obtain the voltage data, current data, and temperature data of each battery pack of the energy storage device in digital signal form; Read the voltage data, current data, and temperature data of each battery pack of the energy storage device in digital signal form to obtain the voltage data, current data, and temperature data available for battery state analysis; According to the voltage data, current data, and temperature data available for battery state analysis, respectively conduct multi-item analysis of the battery working mode, battery energy storage level, and battery health index for each battery pack to obtain the battery working mode, battery energy storage level, and battery health index of each battery pack, and the battery working mode, battery energy storage level, and battery health index of each battery pack jointly constitute the battery state characteristics of each battery pack.

3. The charge and discharge control method of the energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of analyzing the overall distribution relationship and time trend relationship of the battery state characteristics of each battery pack of the energy storage device according to the historical data analysis model set in the control chip to obtain the power state characteristics of the energy storage device include: Pre-deploy the historical data analysis model for the control chip in the energy storage device so that the control chip in the energy storage device is in the device analysis mode; wherein, the control chip in the device analysis mode has the function of matching the historical data of the battery state characteristics of each battery pack according to the historical data to generate the corresponding power state characteristics; Let the control chip in the device analysis mode perform historical data matching on the overall distribution relationship of the battery state characteristics of each battery pack at the same moment to obtain the device battery pack state distribution characteristics of each battery pack of the energy storage device at the same moment, and generate a time mark for the device battery pack state distribution characteristics; Let the control chip in the device analysis mode perform historical data matching on the time trend relationship of each device battery pack state distribution characteristic according to the time mark of each device battery pack state distribution characteristic to obtain the distribution change trend characteristic of the device battery pack state distribution characteristic shown by the energy storage device at continuous time nodes; Extract and combine the key characteristics of the device battery pack state distribution characteristics of the energy storage device at each time node and the distribution change trend characteristics at continuous time nodes to obtain the power state characteristics of the energy storage device.

4. The charge and discharge control method of the energy storage device according to claim 3, wherein The steps of pre-deploying the historical data analysis model for the control chip in the energy storage device include: Obtain the device performance model of the energy storage device, and retrieve the historical data corresponding to the device performance model from the historical database; wherein, the historical data includes the state monitoring data shown by the energy storage device during charge and discharge operations and the energy storage device evaluation results corresponding to the state monitoring data, the state monitoring data corresponds to the battery state characteristics of each battery pack of the energy storage device, and the device evaluation results include the device battery pack state distribution characteristics and distribution change trend characteristics of the energy storage device; Based on the historical data, perform reserve processing on the data to be matched of the energy storage device to obtain a historical database for performing historical data matching; Based on the historical database, construct a data interaction channel for receiving battery state characteristics to perform historical data matching, and obtain a data interaction channel with historical data matching function. The historical database and the data interaction channel together constitute the historical data analysis model.

5. The charge and discharge control method of the energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of performing a security assessment on the power state characteristics through the security management algorithm set in the control chip to obtain the security assessment result of the energy storage device and the security control countermeasures corresponding to the security assessment result, and performing security control on the energy storage device according to the security control countermeasures include: Obtain the working record parameters of the energy storage device, and adaptively modify the preset basic evaluation criteria according to the working record parameters to obtain a state evaluation criterion for content analysis of the power state characteristics; Analyze the feedback content of the power state characteristics based on the state evaluation criterion to obtain the safety threshold matching index of each battery pack in a number of protection items. The safety threshold matching indexes of each battery pack in each protection item jointly constitute the safety evaluation result of the energy storage device; wherein, the protection items include charge control protection, over-voltage and under-voltage protection, and over-current protection; Make a numerical judgment on the safety threshold matching index of each battery pack in each protection item, and retrieve the safety control countermeasures for the corresponding protection item from the preset countermeasure library according to the result of the numerical judgment, and perform safety control on the energy storage device according to the safety control countermeasures.

6. The charge and discharge control method of the energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of performing a phased evaluation of the charge and discharge operation on the power state characteristics through the charge control algorithm set in the control chip, obtaining the charge and discharge operation stages of the energy storage device and the charge and discharge operation control countermeasures corresponding to the charge and discharge operation stages, and performing charge and discharge operation control on the energy storage device according to the charge and discharge operation control countermeasures include: Analyze the charge and discharge operation nature and the current electric energy reserve of the energy storage device according to the power state characteristics to obtain the charge and discharge operation stage of the energy storage device at the current moment and the first switching weight of the charge and discharge operation stage; wherein, the charge and discharge operation stages include several working stages of the charging mode and several working stages of the discharging mode. The working stages of the charging mode include a pre-charging stage, a constant current charging stage, a constant voltage charging stage, and a trickle charging stage. The working stages of the discharging mode include an initial discharging stage, a constant current discharging stage, a constant voltage discharging stage, and a termination discharging stage; Record the duration of each working stage in the current charge and discharge operation of the energy storage device to obtain the working stage reference sequence of the current charge and discharge operation of the energy storage device, and perform a weight evaluation of the stage switching of the charge and discharge operation stage at the current moment according to the working stage reference sequence to obtain the second switching weight corresponding to the charge and discharge operation stage at the current moment; Comprehensively analyze the first switching weight and the second switching weight to obtain the stage switching judgment result of the charge and discharge operation stage at the current moment. When the stage switching judgment result shows that the charge and discharge operation stage at the current moment needs to be switched to the next charge and discharge operation stage, generate the corresponding charge and discharge operation control countermeasures, and perform charge and discharge operation control on the energy storage device according to the charge and discharge operation control countermeasures.

7. The charge and discharge control method of the energy storage device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The steps of performing a weight evaluation of the stage switching of the charge and discharge operation stage at the current moment according to the working stage reference sequence to obtain the second switching weight corresponding to the charge and discharge operation stage at the current moment include: Perform a time ratio analysis of the charge and discharge operation stage at the current moment relative to the already performed working stages according to the working stage reference sequence to obtain the stage time ratio; Weight evaluation is performed on the stage time ratio according to a preset analysis criterion to obtain a second switching weight corresponding to the current charging and discharging working stage.

8. A charge and discharge control device for an energy storage device, characterized in that, Including: A control chip and a POWER controller for implementing the charging and discharging control method of an energy storage device according to any one of claims 1-7. The POWER controller is electrically connected to the control chip to receive a control instruction generated by the control chip executing the charging and discharging control method of the energy storage device, so as to replace the BMS controller and the BMS charging control switch to realize the functions of voltage sampling, current sampling, temperature sampling, charging control, discharging control, and protection control.

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