Extended-range tractor power system and control method

Abstract

The invention provides a range extending type tractor power system and a control method, and solves the problems that in the prior art, a tractor power system is low in energy conversion rate, a stepless speed change structure is complex to achieve, walking drive PTO drive cannot be coupled, and multiple controllers are difficult to cooperate. The range extender is electrically connected with the power battery and can provide electric energy for the power battery; the motor assembly comprises a driving motor and a PTO motor; the control assembly comprises a vehicle control unit, a range extender controller and an all-in-one controller, the range extender controller and the all-in-one controller are connected with the vehicle control unit, the range extender controller is electrically connected with the range extender, the all-in-one controller is electrically connected with the power battery, the range extender and the motor assembly, and the vehicle control unit controls the range extender controller and the all-in-one controller according to specific working conditions. The range extender is controlled by the range extender controller to supply power to the power battery or / and the all-in-one controller, and then the all-in-one controller is used for carrying out power distribution on the driving motor and the PTO motor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of new energy agricultural implements, and particularly to an extended-range tractor power system and a control method. Background Art

[0002] In the field of modern agricultural machinery, tractors, as important agricultural power equipment, the performance and efficiency of their power systems have a crucial impact on agricultural production. Traditional tractor power systems usually rely on a single internal combustion engine as the power source. Although this power method can meet the needs of farmland operations to a certain extent, there are also many problems.

[0003] Firstly, traditional internal combustion engine tractors lack flexibility in power output when facing different farming tasks and working conditions. For example, in some operation scenarios that require high torque output, such as deep plowing and soil turning, the traditional power system may not be able to provide continuous and stable power, resulting in low operation efficiency. Moreover, tractors with a single power source are prone to power attenuation during long-term operation, affecting the continuity and quality of operations.

[0004] Secondly, since tractors need to frequently switch working states when facing different farming tasks and working conditions, realizing stepless speed change is very important for the simple operation of tractors. However, traditional tractors are limited by complex mechanical structures and it is difficult to achieve.

[0005] In addition, tractors in the prior art use a single power source to simultaneously drive the vehicle and the PTO, which results in the inability to completely decouple the vehicle drive and the PTO drive. When the tractor is performing different operations, it is impossible to independently adjust the power output of the two, which may affect the traveling speed of the tractor when adjusting the PTO speed, and vice versa, resulting in the inability to simultaneously meet the optimal power requirements of the two operations.

[0006] Finally, some new energy tractors in the prior art use an electric motor as the power source of the extended-range tractor power system, but the electric energy is still distributed by the vehicle controller, resulting in the inability to control the electric energy distribution independently, greatly increasing the difficulty of coordination between multiple controllers.

[0007] Therefore, a tractor power system is needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an extended-range tractor power system and a control method, which solve the problems of low energy conversion rate, complex implementation of stepless speed change structure, inability to couple the vehicle drive and the PTO drive, and difficulty in coordinating multiple controllers in the prior art tractor power system.

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a range-extended tractor power system, comprising:

[0010] A range extender and a power battery, wherein the range extender is electrically connected to the power battery and can provide electrical energy to the power battery;

[0011] A motor assembly, the motor assembly comprising a drive motor and a PTO motor;

[0012] A control component, the control component includes a vehicle controller, a range extender controller connected to the vehicle controller, and an all-in-one controller, the range extender controller is electrically connected to the range extender, the all-in-one controller is electrically connected to the power battery, the range extender, the drive motor and the PTO motor respectively, the vehicle controller controls the range extender to supply power to the power battery and / or the all-in-one controller through the range extender controller according to specific working conditions, the all-in-one controller receives the control signal of the vehicle controller, and distributes the power provided by the power battery and / or the range extender to the drive motor and the PTO motor.

[0013] As a more preferred embodiment, the range extender includes an engine and a generator connected to the engine. The mechanical energy generated by the engine is converted into electrical energy through the generator, and the electrical energy is transmitted to a power battery and / or an all-in-one controller.

[0014] As a more preferred embodiment, the range extender controller includes an engine controller and a generator controller, wherein the engine controller is used to control the working state of the engine, and the generator controller is used to control the working state of the generator; wherein the engine controller controls the timing and amount of engine fuel injection, optimizes combustion efficiency, reduces emissions, and adjusts the ignition timing according to the engine speed and load to achieve optimal performance; the generator controller is used to efficiently convert the mechanical energy generated by the engine into electrical energy, and supply power to the power battery and the all-in-one controller.

[0015] As a more preferred embodiment, the motor assembly further includes a hydraulic motor, and the hydraulic motor is electrically connected to the all-in-one controller, and the all-in-one controller distributes power to the hydraulic motor.

[0016] As a more preferred embodiment, the range-extended tractor power system further includes a control input component connected to a vehicle controller. The vehicle controller determines the current tractor operating condition based on the control input component, and then controls the range extender and the motor component through the range extender controller and the all-in-one controller based on the current operating condition.

[0017] As a more preferred embodiment, the extended-range tractor power system further includes an instrument assembly, and the instrument assembly is used to display the current working status of the tractor.

[0018] As a more preferred embodiment, the all-in-one controller also includes a DCDC module and an AC module to supply power to the peripheral components of the vehicle.

[0019] As a more preferred embodiment, the extended-range tractor power system further includes a driving wheel set, and the driving motor is connected to the driving wheel set to provide power for the driving wheel set.

[0020] As a more preferred manner, the vehicle controller is connected to the range extender controller and the all-in-one controller via a CAN communication bus.

[0021] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention also provides a power control method for an extended-range tractor, comprising:

[0022] The vehicle controller distributes the power provided by the power battery and / or the range extender to the motor components according to the current required power and the power battery SOC according to the following working conditions;

[0023] Working condition 1: When the power battery SOC is greater than α and the required power is less than the maximum power of the power battery, the power battery alone supplies power to the motor assembly;

[0024] Working condition 2: When the power battery SOC is greater than α and the required power is greater than the maximum power of the power battery, the range extender provides follow-up power for the power that cannot be met by the power battery;

[0025] Operating condition three: When the power battery SOC is less than α and the required power is less than the rated power of the power battery, the range extender supplies power at idle speed. At this time, the range extender supplies power to the motor assembly and charges the power battery at the same time. When the power battery SOC reaches β, it enters operating condition one and / or operating condition two according to the required power and cycles;

[0026] Working condition 4: When the power battery SOC is less than α and the required power is greater than the rated power of the power battery, the range extender provides follow-up power for the power that cannot be met by the power battery;

[0027] Working condition 5: When the required power is greater than the rated power of the tractor, the range extender outputs full power and the power battery replenishes energy;

[0028] Among them, 0<α<β<100%.

[0029] As a more preferred embodiment, the range-extended tractor power control method further includes:

[0030] Manually set the working mode. The vehicle controller sets different power distribution weights for the drive motor and the PTO motor of the motor assembly through the all-in-one controller according to the current working mode. The specific working modes include:

[0031] Transport mode, with the demand of the drive motor as the priority, and the power distribution weight: the drive motor is greater than the PTO motor;

[0032] Field tillage mode, with the demand of the PTO motor as the priority, and the power distribution weight: the PTO motor is greater than the drive motor;

[0033] PTO dedicated mode, only corresponding to the PTO motor, and the power distribution weight: the PTO motor accounts for 100%;

[0034] Hybrid load mode, the vehicle controller calculates and dynamically distributes the power ratio of the drive motor and the PTO motor according to the load demand in real time.

[0035] As described above, the range-extended tractor power system and control method of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0036] When the range-extended tractor power system of the present invention is working, first of all, since the motor assembly is used as the power source for walking drive and PTO drive, the characteristic that the rotational speed of the motor is directly linked to the frequency of the power supply is directly utilized. By changing the frequency of the power supply, the rotational speed can be adjusted accordingly, so that stepless speed change can be easily achieved. Compared with the complex structure for realizing stepless speed change in the traditional mechanical structure, the cost is lower, but the speed change effect is better;

[0037] Secondly, the range-extended tractor power system of the present invention is provided with two power supply components, namely a range extender and a power battery, to supply power to the motor assembly. By timely supplementing electric energy with the range extender or charging the redundant electric energy into the power battery, different working conditions can be adapted, which is not only more flexible but also meets the demand for long-term kinetic energy output;

[0038] Moreover, the range-extended tractor power system of the present invention uses the drive motor and the PTO motor to drive walking and PTO output respectively, directly realizing the complete decoupling of walking output and PTO output. Furthermore, the walking drive and PTO drive can be independently controlled according to requirements, improving the operation efficiency and energy utilization rate, while avoiding the complex mechanical transmission structure and reducing the failure rate;

[0039] Finally, the extended-range tractor power system of the present invention uses a separately set all-in-one controller to separately transmit power to the drive motor and the PTO motor, and is a hardware hub for realizing the decoupling of travel drive and PTO drive; in terms of function, the all-in-one controller converts the intelligent decision of the whole vehicle controller into actual power distribution, so that the drive motor and the PTO motor are independently controlled; in terms of structure, the integrated design of the all-in-one controller simplifies the traditional distributed control architecture and eliminates the complexity of multi-controller coordination; in terms of effect, through efficient energy allocation, it ensures that the range extender only focuses on power generation optimization rather than direct drive, and finally realizes the complete decoupling of travel drive and PTO drive; in general, the all-in-one controller is the execution terminal of the strategy of the whole vehicle controller, and through hardware integration and energy management, it converts theoretical decoupling into actual technical effects;

[0040] The range-extended tractor power control method of the present invention utilizes the above-mentioned range-extended tractor power control system to adapt to different use conditions, wherein, when the power battery SOC is relatively large, the power battery is mainly used to power the motor assembly, and the range extender follows the power supply according to the required power; when the power battery SOC is relatively small, the range extender is mainly used to power the motor assembly, and according to the required power, the power supply is followed or the power battery is charged, at which time the power battery plays the role of peak shaving and valley filling; when the required power is greater than the tractor rated power, the range extender outputs full power and the power battery replenishes energy; When the battery SOC is large, the power battery is used for power supply first, which can effectively reduce the start and stop times of the range extender and avoid inefficient power generation conditions. Secondly, when the SOC is small, the range extender is in operation, which not only meets the driving demand but also charges the battery, ensuring continuous energy supply, avoiding operation interruption, extending the battery cycle life, and slowing down battery aging. The power control method of the range-extended tractor of the present invention realizes the energy management control of the whole process of vehicle starting, starting, acceleration, rated power operation, and overload operation through the cycle of the above five working conditions, and can realize efficient energy utilization and power battery cycle charge and discharge control.

[0041] The extended-range tractor power system and control method of the present invention independently drives the drive motor and the PTO motor respectively by independently setting up an all-in-one controller, and cooperates with a control method based on the SOC of the power battery to solve the problems of low energy conversion rate of the tractor power system in the prior art, complex implementation of the continuously variable speed structure, inability to couple the travel drive and the PTO drive, and difficulty in coordination of multiple controllers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of the extended-range tractor power system of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 Shown is a working flow chart of the extended-range tractor power system of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of the extended-range tractor of the present invention.

[0045] Component number description

[0046] 1 Range Extender

[0047] 11 Engine

[0048] 111 Fuel Tank

[0049] 112 Starter

[0050] 12 Generator

[0051] 2 Power battery

[0052] 21 BMS

[0053] 3 Motor assembly

[0054] 31. Drive motor

[0055] 311 AMT two-speed gearbox

[0056] 312 Rear axle main reduction gear

[0057] 313 Rear axle end deceleration

[0058] 32 PTO motor

[0059] 321 Single-speed reduction gearbox

[0060] 322 PTO reduction gearbox

[0061] 323 PTO output shaft

[0062] 33 Hydraulic motor

[0063] 331 Steering Pump

[0064] 332 Hydraulic Pump

[0065] 333 Multi-way valve

[0066] 4 Control components

[0067] 41 Vehicle Controller

[0068] 42 Range Extender Controller

[0069] 421 Engine Controller

[0070] 422 Generator Controller

[0071] 43 All-in-one controller

[0072] 431 DCDC Module

[0073] 432 AC module

[0074] 5 storage batteries

[0075] 6 front drive wheels

[0076] 7 rear drive wheels

[0077] 8 four-wheel drive transfer case

[0078] 9 radiator system assembly

[0079] 10 condenser Detailed implementation manners

[0080] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation manners of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0081] It should be noted that the structures, ratios, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings of this specification are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the specification for those skilled in the art to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limited conditions for the implementation of the present invention. Therefore, they do not have technical essential meanings. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects that the present invention can produce and the purposes that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope covered by the technical content disclosed in the present invention. The following detailed description should not be considered restrictive, and the scope of the embodiments of this application is only defined by the claims of the published patent. The terms used here are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. Spatially related terms, such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "below", "beneath", "lower part", "above", "upper part", etc., may be used in the text to facilitate the description of the relationship between one element or feature shown in the figure and another element or feature.

[0082] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected with", "fixed", "held" and other terms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0083] Furthermore, as used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should be further understood that the terms "comprises", "comprising" indicate the presence of the stated features, operations, elements, components, items, kinds, and / or groups, but do not preclude the presence, occurrence or addition of one or more other features, operations, elements, components, items, kinds, and / or groups. The terms "or" and "and / or" as used herein are to be construed as inclusive, or meaning any one or any combination. Thus, "A, B or C" or "A, B and / or C" means "any of the following: A; B; C; A and B; A and C; B and C; A, B and C". Exceptions to this definition occur only when the combination of elements, functions or operations are inherently mutually exclusive in some manner.

[0084] Glossary:

[0085]

PTO motor

[0086]

CAN bus

[0087]

BMS

[0088]

AMT two-speed transmission

[0089]

SOC

[0090]

DCDC

[0091]

AC

[0092] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a range-extended tractor power system, comprising:

[0093] A range extender 1 and a power battery 2, wherein the range extender 1 is electrically connected to the power battery 2 and can provide electrical energy to the power battery 2;

[0094] A motor assembly 3, wherein the motor assembly 3 includes a drive motor 31 and a PTO motor 32;

[0095] The control component 4 includes a vehicle controller 41, a range extender controller 42 connected to the vehicle controller 41, and an all-in-one controller 43. The range extender controller 42 is electrically connected to the range extender 1, and the all-in-one controller 43 is electrically connected to the power battery 2, the range extender 1, the drive motor 31, and the PTO motor 32, respectively. The vehicle controller 41 controls the range extender 1 to supply power to the power battery 2 or / and the all-in-one controller 43 through the range extender controller 42 according to specific working conditions. The all-in-one controller 43 receives the control signal of the vehicle controller 41 and supplies power to the power battery 2 or / and the all-in-one controller 43.

[0096] The electric energy provided by the range extender 1 is used to distribute power to the drive motor 31 and the PTO motor 32 .

[0097] In order to better introduce the extended-range tractor power system of the present invention, it is now explained in combination with the following specific applications: When the extended-range tractor power system of the present invention is working, firstly, since the motor assembly 3 is used as the power source for walking drive and PTO drive, the characteristic that the motor speed is directly linked to the frequency of the power supply is directly utilized. By changing the frequency of the power supply, the speed can be adjusted accordingly, so that stepless speed change can be easily achieved. Compared with the complex structure of achieving stepless speed change in the traditional mechanical structure, the cost is lower, but the speed change effect is better; secondly, the extended-range tractor power system of the present invention is provided with two power supply components, the range extender 1 and the power battery 2, to power the motor assembly 3. The range extender 1 timely supplements the electric energy or charges the excess electric energy into the power battery 2 to adapt to different usage conditions, which is not only more flexible but also meets the needs of long-term kinetic energy output; moreover, the extended-range tractor power system of the present invention utilizes the drive motor 31 and the PTO motor 32 to drive walking and PTO output respectively, directly realizing the complete walking output and PTO output. Full decoupling, so that both the travel drive and the PTO drive can be independently controlled as required, improving work efficiency and energy utilization, while avoiding complex mechanical transmission structures and reducing failure rates; finally, the extended-range tractor power system of the present invention uses a separately set all-in-one controller 43 to separately transmit power to the drive motor 31 and the PTO motor 32, which is a hardware hub for realizing the decoupling of the travel drive and the PTO drive; in terms of function, the all-in-one controller 43 converts the intelligent decision of the vehicle controller 41 into actual power distribution, so that the drive motor 31 and the PTO motor 32 are independently controlled; in terms of structure, the integrated design of the all-in-one controller 43 simplifies the traditional distributed control architecture and eliminates the complexity of multi-controller coordination; in terms of effect, through efficient energy allocation, it is ensured that the range extender 1 only focuses on power generation optimization rather than direct drive, and finally realizes the complete decoupling of the travel drive and the PTO drive; in general, the all-in-one controller 43 is the execution terminal of the strategy of the vehicle controller 41, and through hardware integration and energy management, the theoretical decoupling is converted into actual technical effects.

[0098] In some possible embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the range extender 1 includes an engine 11 and a generator 12 connected to the engine 11 . The mechanical energy generated by the engine 11 is converted into electrical energy by the generator 12 , and the electrical energy is transmitted to the power battery 2 and / or the all-in-one controller 43 .

[0099] In some possible embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1As shown, the engine 11 adopts a methanol engine 11. The advantage of the methanol engine 11 is that it has little modification to the original engine 11, and can significantly improve the economy and emission performance on the basis of maintaining the original power performance. Methanol fuel is a clean alternative fuel, which produces less pollutants during combustion, has less pollution to the atmospheric environment, and helps to reduce air pollution; further, in this embodiment, the extended-range tractor power system also includes a fuel tank 111 connected to the methanol engine 11 and a starter.

[0100] In some possible embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the range extender controller 42 includes an engine controller 421 and a generator controller 422. The engine controller 421 is used to control the working state of the engine 11, and the generator controller 422 is used to control the working state of the generator 12. The engine controller 421 controls the timing and amount of fuel injection of the engine 11, optimizes combustion efficiency, reduces emissions, and adjusts the ignition timing according to the speed and load of the engine 11 to achieve optimal performance; the generator controller 422 is used to efficiently convert the mechanical energy generated by the engine 11 into electrical energy, and supply power to the power battery 2 and the all-in-one controller 43.

[0101] In some possible embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the control component 4 also includes a BMS 21 , and the BMS 21 is connected to the vehicle controller 41 via a CAN bus, and the vehicle controller 41 monitors the status of the power battery 2 in real time.

[0102] In some possible embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the extended-range tractor power system also includes a driving wheel set, and the driving motor 31 is connected to the driving wheel set to provide power for the driving wheel set, and the driving wheel set includes a rear driving wheel 7 and a front driving wheel 6.

[0103] In some possible embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the motor assembly 3 also includes a hydraulic motor 33, and the hydraulic motor 33 is electrically connected to the all-in-one controller 43, and the all-in-one controller 43 distributes power to the hydraulic motor 33; further, in this embodiment, the extended-range tractor power system also includes a multi-way valve 333, a steering pump 331 and a hydraulic pump 332, and the hydraulic motor 33 is mechanically connected to the steering pump 331 and the hydraulic pump 332 to provide power, the steering pump 331 is connected to the steering gear to achieve steering, and the hydraulic pump 332 is connected to the multi-way valve 333 to control hydraulic output and hydraulic lifting.

[0104] In some possible embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1As shown, the extended-range tractor power system also includes a single-speed reduction gearbox 321 , and the PTO motor 32 is mechanically connected to the single-speed reduction gearbox 321 , outputs to the original PTO reduction gearbox 322 , and is transmitted to the PTO output shaft 323 via the PTO reduction gearbox 322 .

[0105] In some possible embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the extended-range tractor power system also includes a four-wheel drive transfer case 8, an AMT two-speed gearbox 311, a rear axle main reduction gear 312 and a rear axle terminal reduction gear 313, wherein the drive motor 31 is mechanically connected to the AMT two-speed gearbox 311, and the AMT two-speed gearbox 311 shifts gears through the shift motor, and outputs to the original rear axle main reduction gear 312 and the rear axle terminal reduction gear 313, and then drives the rear drive wheel 7 to move, and the four-wheel drive transfer case 8 outputs from the rear axle main reduction gear 312 to the front drive axle to drive the front drive wheel 6 to move.

[0106] In some possible embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the extended-range tractor power system also includes a control input component connected to a vehicle controller 41. The vehicle controller 41 determines the current tractor operating condition based on the control input component, and then controls the range extender 1 and the motor component 3 through the range extender controller 42 and the all-in-one controller 43 based on the current operating condition. The control input component includes an accelerator pedal, an armrest box, a shuttle gear handle, a handbrake pedal, an air conditioning AC button and a hydraulic lifting panel, wherein the accelerator pedal is used to control the power output of the engine 11, and the speed and power of the engine 11 are adjusted by pressing or releasing the pedal; the armrest box provides arm support for the driver to reduce driving fatigue, and the armrest box is also integrated with control buttons or joysticks to facilitate control of corresponding functions of the tractor; the shuttle gear handle is used to quickly switch the forward and reverse gears of the tractor to improve operational flexibility; the handbrake pedal is mainly used to keep the vehicle stationary when parking to prevent it from slipping; the air conditioning AC button is used to control the air conditioning system in the cab, adjust the temperature and air circulation, and provide a comfortable environment for the driver; the hydraulic lifting panel is used to display and control the lifting, lowering and position adjustment of the suspension system and other operating equipment, helping the driver to accurately control the suspension height and position of the agricultural implements, and improve the quality and efficiency of operations.

[0107] In some possible embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the extended-range tractor power system further includes an instrument assembly, which is used to display the current working state of the tractor. The instrument assembly includes a main instrument and an armrest box instrument, and the armrest box instrument is arranged on the top of the armrest box.

[0108] In some possible embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1As shown, the multi-functional controller 43 further includes a DCDC module 431 and an AC module 432 for supplying power to components around the vehicle. More specifically, in some possible embodiments of the present invention, the range-extended tractor power system further includes a storage battery 5 with a 24-volt system. The components around the vehicle include air conditioner, air conditioner compressor, multimedia, navigation, reverse camera, lighting, steering, and outline lights, etc. The multi-functional controller 43 supplies power to the air conditioner compressor through the AC module 432, and supplies power to the storage battery 5 through the DCDC module 431. The storage battery 5 is used to supply power to the multimedia, navigation, reverse camera, lighting, steering, outline lights, air conditioner, throttle, brake, switch, starter 111, and armrest box.

[0109] In some possible embodiments of the present invention, as Figure 1 shown, the range-extended tractor power system further includes a heat dissipation component, which includes a heat dissipation system assembly 9 and a condenser 10. The air conditioner compressor is connected to the condenser 10. The heat dissipation system assembly 9 and the condenser 10 are used to cool the range extender 1.

[0110] In some possible embodiments of the present invention, as Figure 1 shown, the vehicle controller 41 is connected to the range extender controller 42 and the multi-functional controller 43 through a CAN communication bus.

[0111] To solve the above problems, the present invention also provides a range-extended tractor power control method, including:

[0112] The vehicle controller 41 distributes the electric energy provided by the power battery 2 or / and the range extender 1 to the motor assembly 3 according to the current required power and the SOC of the power battery 2 under the following working conditions;

[0113] Working condition 1: When the SOC of the power battery 2 is greater than α and the required power is less than the maximum power of the power battery 2, the power battery 2 supplies power to the motor assembly 3 alone;

[0114] Working condition 2: When the SOC of the power battery 2 is greater than α and the required power is greater than the maximum power of the power battery 2, the range extender 1 supplies power to follow the part of the power that the power battery 2 cannot meet;

[0115] Working condition 3: When the SOC of the power battery 2 is less than α and the required power is less than the rated power of the power battery 2, the range extender 1 idles to supply power. At this time, the range extender 1 supplies power to the motor assembly 3, and at the same time charges the power battery 2. When the SOC of the power battery 2 reaches β, it enters working condition 1 and / or working condition 2 according to the required power situation and circulates;

[0116] Working condition 4: When the SOC of power battery 2 is less than α and the required power is greater than the rated power of power battery 2, range extender 1 provides follow-up power supply for the power that cannot be met by power battery 2;

[0117] Working condition 5: When the required power is greater than the rated power of the tractor, the range extender 1 outputs full power and the power battery 2 replenishes energy;

[0118] Among them, 0<α<β<100%.

[0119] In order to better introduce the extended-range tractor power control method of the present invention, it is now explained in combination with the following specific applications: the extended-range tractor power control method of the present invention utilizes the above-mentioned extended-range tractor power control system to adapt to different usage conditions, wherein, when the SOC of the power battery 2 is relatively large, the power battery 2 is mainly used to power the motor assembly 3, and the range extender 1 follows the power supply according to the required power; when the SOC of the power battery 2 is relatively small, the range extender 1 is mainly used to power the motor assembly 3, and the range extender 1 follows the power supply according to the required power; when the SOC of the power battery 2 is relatively small, the range extender 1 is mainly used to power the motor assembly 3, and the range extender 1 follows the power supply according to the required power, and the power battery 2 is charged according to the required power. At this time, the power battery 2 plays the role of peak shaving and valley filling; when the required power is greater than the rated power of the tractor, the range extender 1 outputs full power and the power battery 2 replenishes energy; wherein, when the battery SOC is relatively large, the power battery 2 is used first to power the motor assembly 3, which can effectively reduce the number of starts and stops of the range extender 1 and avoid inefficient power generation conditions. Secondly, when the SOC is small, the range extender 1 runs to meet the driving demand and charge the battery, ensuring continuous energy supply, avoiding operation interruption, extending the battery cycle life, and slowing down battery aging; the range-extended tractor power control method of the present invention realizes the full-process energy management control of vehicle starting, starting, acceleration, rated power operation, and overload operation through the cycle of the above five working conditions, and can realize efficient energy utilization and cycle charge and discharge control of the power battery 2; the range-extended tractor power system and control method of the present invention, through independently setting an all-in-one controller 43 to independently drive the drive motor 31 and the PTO motor 32 respectively, and cooperates with the control method according to the SOC of the power battery 2, to solve the problems of low energy conversion rate of the tractor power system in the prior art, complex implementation of the continuously variable speed structure, inability to couple the travel drive and the PTO drive, and difficulty in coordination of multiple controllers.

[0120] In some possible embodiments of the present invention, α is preferably 60% and β is preferably 95%, taking into account that both the power battery and the range extender can operate efficiently.

[0121] In some possible embodiments of the present invention, the range-extended tractor power control method further includes:

[0122] Manually set the working mode. The vehicle controller 41 sets different power distribution weights for the drive motor 31 and the PTO motor 32 of the motor assembly 3 through the all-in-one controller 43 according to the current working mode. The specific working modes include:

[0123] In the transport mode, the demand of the drive motor 31 is prioritized, and the electric energy distribution weight is: the drive motor 31 is greater than the PTO motor 32; more specifically, in the transport mode, the upper limit of the weight of the drive motor is 65%, the upper limit of the weight of the PTO motor is 25, and the upper limit of the weight of the hydraulic motor is 10%.

[0124] In the field farming mode, in response to the priority demand of the PTO motor 32, the electric energy distribution weight is: the PTO motor 32 is greater than the drive motor 31; more specifically, in the field farming mode, the upper limit of the weight of the PTO motor is 65%, the upper limit of the weight of the drive motor is 25, and the upper limit of the weight of the hydraulic motor is 10%.

[0125] PTO dedicated mode, corresponding only to PTO motor 32, power distribution weight: PTO motor 32 accounts for 100%;

[0126] In mixed load mode, the vehicle controller 41 dynamically distributes the electric energy proportions of the drive motor 31 and the PTO motor 32 in real time according to load demand.

[0127] Setting multiple working modes has the following benefits: first, it can meet scenario-based adaptation and customize energy allocation strategies according to different operating requirements to avoid "one-size-fits-all" energy waste; second, it realizes dynamic priority management. VCU optimizes weights through real-time data to ensure that key tasks such as farming and transportation are given priority; and it also meets the balance between energy efficiency and reliability. High-priority motors obtain sufficient power supply to ensure operation quality, and low-priority motors are powered on as needed to reduce the risk of system overload.

[0128] More specifically, in some possible embodiments of the present invention, Figure 2 As shown, the specific working process of the extended-range tractor power system is as follows:

[0129] S01, range extender 1 module starts:

[0130] The ignition lock is turned to the ON position, the battery 5 is powered by low voltage 24V, the instrument assembly is detected normally, and the whole machine controller is powered on; the whole machine controller detects the neutral signal of the AMT two-speed gearbox 311, detects that the shuttle gear handle is in the neutral state, detects that the handbrake is in the pulled state, and detects the braking state of the brake pedal; the ignition lock is turned to the ACC position, and the power battery 2 is high voltage; the ignition lock is turned to the START position, and the engine 11 starter 111 drives the engine 11 to start, and the engine 11 is in the idle state. The engine 11 is preheated in the idle state, the whole machine controller detects no power response, and the range extender controller 42 controls not to supply power to the outside.

[0131] S02, motor module drive:

[0132] Driving motor 31: The mode gear is placed in this working mode according to the working requirements, the shuttle gear is placed in the forward / reverse gear according to the working requirements, the whole machine controller sends a command to the AMT two-speed gearbox 311 to shift gears, press the accelerator pedal or push the throttle handle of the armrest box, and the whole machine controller sends a command to the all-in-one controller 43 to start the driving motor 31 according to the throttle power requirements.

[0133] PTO motor 32: The mode gear is selected as 540 / 760 / 1000 gear according to the operation requirements or a non-standard speed gear is set by the knob. The whole machine controller sends a command to the all-in-one controller 43 to start the PTO motor 32 according to the gear signal.

[0134] Hydraulic motor 33: The whole machine controller receives the successful start signal of the range extender 1, and the whole machine controller sends a command to the all-in-one controller 43 to start the PTO motor 32 and run at constant power.

[0135] S03, energy management module of the whole machine controller:

[0136] After the range extender 1 is started, it first runs at idle speed without generating electricity externally. The whole machine controller first detects the SOC value of the power battery 2. When the SOC of the power battery 2 is lower than 80%, the range extender controller 42 instructs the power battery 2 to be charged to 95% and then stops charging. After the power of the power battery 2 reaches the standard, the vehicle is allowed to start and move.

[0137] After the whole machine controller detects the accelerator pedal or armrest box accelerator push rod signal, the whole machine controller distributes power to the motor assembly 3 through the power battery 2 and / or the range extender 1 according to the above-mentioned extended-range tractor power control method and specific working conditions through the all-in-one controller 43.

[0138] like Figure 3The figure shows the structure of the extended-range tractor of the present invention, in which the rear drive wheel 7 is larger than the front drive wheel 6. The larger rear drive wheel 7 can increase the contact area with the ground, provide greater traction and stability, and disperse the weight to reduce soil compaction. The smaller front drive wheel 6 improves flexibility and steering convenience, making the tractor more efficient in complex terrain. This design optimizes weight distribution and mechanical properties to ensure that the tractor can remain stable and flexible when towing heavy objects or tilling.

[0139] In summary, the extended-range tractor power system and control method of the present invention have the following advantages:

[0140] 1. Power system design:

[0141] The range extender 1 is combined with the power battery 2: the range extender 1 provides electrical energy to the power battery 2 to ensure the continuous output of the power system and adapt to different working conditions.

[0142] Motor assembly 3: includes a drive motor 31 and a PTO motor 32, which drive travel and PTO output respectively, achieving complete decoupling and improving operating efficiency and energy utilization.

[0143] 2. Control component 4:

[0144] Vehicle controller 41: Intelligent control is performed through the range extender controller 42 and the all-in-one controller 43 according to the working conditions to optimize energy management.

[0145] The range extender controller 42 controls the working state of the range extender 1 , including the operation of the engine 11 and the generator 12 .

[0146] All-in-one controller 43: According to the instruction of the vehicle controller 41, the electric energy is reasonably distributed to the drive motor 31 and the PTO motor 32 to realize independent control.

[0147] 3. Continuously variable speed:

[0148] Motor drive characteristics: By utilizing the characteristic that the motor speed is directly linked to the power supply frequency, stepless speed change can be achieved by changing the power supply frequency, which has low cost and good speed change effect.

[0149] 4. Multiple working modes:

[0150] Transport mode: prioritize responding to the needs of the drive motor 31 to ensure transport efficiency.

[0151] Field farming mode: prioritizes responding to the needs of PTO motor 32 to meet the needs of farming operations.

[0152] PTO dedicated mode: only responds to PTO motor 32, suitable for specific working scenarios.

[0153] Mixed load mode: Dynamically distribute power according to load demand to ensure efficient system operation.

[0154] 5. Energy Management:

[0155] Power battery 2 SOC management: According to the SOC and required power of power battery 2, the power supply strategy of range extender 1 is flexibly adjusted to optimize energy utilization.

[0156] Adaptation to multiple working conditions: Through the cycle of five working conditions, the whole process energy management of the vehicle from starting to overload operation is realized.

[0157] 6. System integration and simplification:

[0158] All-in-one controller 43 integration: Simplifies the traditional distributed control architecture and eliminates the complexity of multi-controller coordination.

[0159] Component versatility: System components are highly versatile, easy to assemble and maintain, and reduce production costs.

[0160] 7. Reliability and security:

[0161] Reduced failure rate: Avoid complex mechanical transmission structures to reduce system failure rate.

[0162] Real-time monitoring: The vehicle controller 41 monitors the status of the power battery 2 in real time to ensure safe operation of the system.

[0163] The extended-range tractor power system of the present invention achieves efficient power output and flexible management through innovative power design and intelligent control system. Its core advantage is to utilize the combination of range extender 1 and power battery 2 to ensure the sustainability and adaptability of the power system, while improving operating efficiency and energy utilization through independent control and continuously variable speed characteristics of motor assembly 3. The system integration design simplifies the traditional architecture, reduces the failure rate and production costs, and multiple working modes and intelligent energy management further enhance the flexibility and practicality of the system. In general, the present invention solves the problems of poor power durability, complex continuously variable speed, coupling of walking and PTO drive, and difficulty in coordination of multiple controllers in existing tractor power systems, and provides an efficient, flexible and reliable solution.

[0164] Therefore, the present invention effectively overcomes various shortcomings in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.

[0165] The above embodiments are only illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any person familiar with this technology can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed by the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An extended-range tractor power system, characterized in that, include: A range extender (1) and a power battery (2), wherein the range extender (1) is electrically connected to the power battery (2) and can provide electrical energy to the power battery (2); A motor assembly (3), wherein the motor assembly (3) comprises a drive motor (31) and a PTO motor (32); A control component (4), the control component (4) comprising a vehicle controller (41), a range extender controller (42) connected to the vehicle controller (41), and an all-in-one controller (43), the range extender controller (42) being electrically connected to the range extender (1), the all-in-one controller (43) being electrically connected to the power battery (2), the range extender (1), the drive motor (31), and the PTO motor (32), respectively; the vehicle controller (41) controls the range extender (1) to supply power to the power battery (2) or / and the all-in-one controller (43) through the range extender controller (42) according to specific working conditions, and the all-in-one controller (43) receives a control signal from the vehicle controller (41) and distributes the electric energy provided by the power battery (2) or / and the range extender (1) to the drive motor (31) and the PTO motor (32).

2. The range-extended tractor power system according to claim 1, wherein: The range extender (1) comprises an engine (11) and a generator (12) connected to the engine (11); the mechanical energy generated by the engine (11) is converted into electrical energy by the generator (12); and the electrical energy is transmitted to a power battery (2) and / or an all-in-one controller (43).

3. The range-extended tractor power system according to claim 2, wherein: The range extender controller (42) comprises an engine controller (421) and a generator controller (422), wherein the engine controller (421) is used to control the working state of the engine (11), and the generator controller (422) is used to control the working state of the generator (12).

4. The range-extended tractor power system according to claim 1, wherein: The motor assembly (3) further comprises a hydraulic motor (33), wherein the hydraulic motor (33) is electrically connected to the all-in-one controller (43), and the all-in-one controller (43) distributes power to the hydraulic motor (33).

5. The range-extended tractor power system according to claim 1, wherein: The range-extended tractor power system further comprises a control input component connected to a vehicle controller (41); the vehicle controller (41) determines the current tractor operating condition based on the control input component, and controls the range extender (1) and the motor component (3) through a range extender controller (42) and an all-in-one controller (43) based on the current operating condition.

6. The range-extended tractor power system according to claim 1, wherein: The extended-range tractor power system also includes an instrument component, which is used to display the current working status of the tractor.

7. The range-extended tractor power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The all-in-one controller (43) also includes a DCDC module (431) and an AC module (432) for supplying power to peripheral components of the entire vehicle.

8. The range-extended tractor power system according to claim 1, wherein: The vehicle controller (41) is connected to the range extender controller (42) and the all-in-one controller (43) via a CAN communication bus.

9. A power control method for a range-extended tractor, which uses the range-extended tractor power system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, include: The vehicle controller (41) distributes the electric energy provided by the power battery (2) and / or the range extender (1) to the motor assembly (3) according to the following working conditions based on the current required power and the SOC of the power battery (2); Working condition 1: when the SOC of the power battery (2) is greater than α and the required power is less than the maximum power of the power battery (2), the power battery (2) alone supplies power to the motor assembly (3); Working condition 2: when the SOC of the power battery (2) is greater than α and the required power is greater than the maximum power of the power battery (2), the range extender (1) provides follow-up power supply for the power that cannot be supplied by the power battery (2); Working condition three: when the SOC of the power battery (2) is less than α and the required power is less than the rated power of the power battery (2), the range extender (1) supplies power at idle speed, at which time the range extender (1) supplies power to the motor assembly (3) and charges the power battery (2) at the same time, and when the SOC of the power battery (2) reaches β, the range extender enters working condition one and / or working condition two according to the required power and circulates; Working condition 4: when the SOC of the power battery (2) is less than α and the required power is greater than the rated power of the power battery (2), the range extender (1) provides follow-up power supply for the power that cannot be met by the power battery (2); Working condition 5: when the required power is greater than the rated power of the tractor, the range extender (1) outputs full power and the power battery (2) replenishes energy; Among them, 0<α<β<100%.

10. The extended-range tractor power control method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The working mode is manually set in advance. The vehicle controller (41) sets different electric energy distribution weights for the drive motor (31) and the PTO motor (32) of the motor assembly (3) through the all-in-one controller (43) according to the current working mode. The specific working modes include: In the transport mode, the demand of the drive motor (31) is prioritized, and the electric energy distribution weight is: the drive motor (31) is greater than the PTO motor (32); In the field farming mode, the PTO motor (32) is prioritized in response to the demand, and the electric energy distribution weight is: the PTO motor (32) is greater than the drive motor (31); PTO dedicated mode, only corresponding to the PTO motor (32), power distribution weight: PTO motor (32) accounts for 100%; In the mixed load mode, the vehicle controller (41) dynamically distributes the electric energy proportions of the drive motor (31) and the PTO motor (32) in real time according to the load demand.

Images