A fuel cell rapid fault diagnosis method and device

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of fuel cell quick fault diagnosis method and device, belong to fuel cell field.Therein, the method includes executing fuel cell initialization protocol and reading fuel cell operating characteristic parameter;Based on fuel cell operating characteristic parameter, construct fault feature identification system, fault feature identification system is used for thermodynamic boundary anomaly detection, air filter blockage fault feature identification, valve leakage diagnosis and air compressor performance attenuation diagnosis, wherein valve leakage diagnosis fusion temperature difference self-adaptive correction protocol, temperature difference self-adaptive correction protocol is triggered by compensating inlet medium flux.This application realizes through integrated monitoring system and intelligent diagnosis algorithm, realizes the quick, accurate judgment to the cause of failure, to improve the reliability and maintenance efficiency of fuel cell system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fuel cell technology, specifically relating to a method and apparatus for rapid fault diagnosis of fuel cells. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of new energy vehicles, the performance stability and reliability of fuel cell systems are crucial. The air compressor, a key component, is responsible for providing the necessary air pressure and flow to the fuel cell stack to support the chemical reaction. However, in actual operation, a drop in air compressor outlet pressure and a reduction in the flow rate into the fuel cell stack are common fault phenomena, which can be caused by various factors such as intake valve malfunction, air filter blockage, excessively high ambient temperature, and air compressor performance degradation. Traditional methods often rely on manual inspection and experience-based judgment, which are inefficient and prone to misdiagnosis. Accurately and quickly identifying the source of the fault is essential to ensuring the stable operation of the fuel cell system. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems in the prior art, this invention provides a method and apparatus for rapid fault diagnosis of fuel cells.

[0004] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A rapid fault diagnosis method for fuel cells, the implementation of which includes the following steps:

[0006] Execute the fuel cell initialization protocol and read the fuel cell operating characteristic parameters;

[0007] A fault feature identification system is constructed based on the fuel cell operating characteristic parameters. The fault feature identification system is used for thermodynamic boundary anomaly detection, air filter blockage fault feature identification, valve leakage diagnosis, and air compressor performance degradation diagnosis. The valve leakage diagnosis integrates a temperature difference adaptive correction protocol, which is triggered by compensating for the intake medium flux.

[0008] Preferably, executing the fuel cell initialization protocol and reading the fuel cell operating characteristic parameters includes:

[0009] The fuel cell is activated, and the air compressor performs gas purging at a preset angular velocity.

[0010] The fuel cell operating characteristic parameters are synchronously read based on a distributed IoT sensor array. These parameters include environmental thermodynamic parameters, inlet medium flux Q1, inlet medium flux Q2, and inlet pressure P. 21 .

[0011] Preferably, the thermodynamic boundary anomaly detection includes:

[0012] The thermodynamic boundary anomaly detection subsystem is constructed based on the environmental thermodynamic parameters. When the environmental thermodynamic parameters exceed the allowable temperature range threshold under standard operating conditions, the thermal overload protection protocol is activated.

[0013] Preferably, the air filter clogging fault feature identification includes:

[0014] Define a reference value for gas medium flow rate. When the gas medium flow rate Q1 is lower than the reference value, a dual verification mechanism is activated to read the air filter pressure difference and calculate the flow resistance characteristic coefficient. The air filter pressure difference is the difference between the air filter outlet and the air filter inlet.

[0015] The air filter blockage fault feature identification subsystem is constructed based on the flow resistance characteristic coefficient. When the flow resistance characteristic coefficient exceeds a preset threshold, a blockage fault alarm is triggered.

[0016] Preferably, the calculation of the flow resistance characteristic coefficient follows: Where K is the flow resistance characteristic coefficient and ΔP is the air filter pressure difference;

[0017] Preferably, the valve leakage diagnosis includes:

[0018] Adjust the intake throttle valve to zero opening and open the bypass valve, simultaneously collect the intake medium flow rate Q1 and Q2, and introduce a compensation intake medium flow rate. Trigger the temperature difference adaptive correction protocol;

[0019] Based on the environmental thermodynamic parameters and the compensation intake medium flux The dynamic error threshold is calculated and the valve leakage diagnosis subsystem is constructed. The calculation formula is E = 0.5% + 0.02% |T - T0|, where E is the dynamic error threshold. At that time, a valve leakage alarm is triggered;

[0020] When the valve leakage alarm is triggered, an unexpected mass loss is output, which is the amount of the compensated intake medium flow rate. The difference between the intake medium flux Q1 and the intake medium flux;

[0021] Preferably, the compensated intake medium flux The calculation formula is in, To compensate for the inlet medium flow rate, α is the temperature compensation coefficient, T is the environmental thermodynamic parameter, and T0 is the flow meter calibration reference temperature.

[0022] Preferably, the air compressor performance degradation diagnosis includes:

[0023] Obtain the air compressor performance calibration curve: inlet medium flow rate-pressure ratio characteristic curve;

[0024] Based on the intake pressure P 21 The theoretical medium flux Q is derived from the inversion of the air compressor performance calibration curve. y When the intake medium flux Q1 and the theoretical medium flux Q y When the difference exceeds the allowable range, a diagnostic command for air compressor performance degradation is triggered.

[0025] The terminal receives the air compressor performance degradation diagnostic command and collects the air compressor pressure difference, which is the difference between the intake pressure at the air compressor inlet and outlet. Based on the air compressor pressure difference, the actual operating pressure ratio is calculated using the following formula: Where, η act ΔP represents the actual working pressure ratio. K The air compressor pressure differential.

[0026] The intake pressure deviation is calculated based on the actual working pressure ratio, and the calculation formula is as follows: Where Δη is the intake pressure offset, η ref The calibrated pressure ratio of the air compressor;

[0027] When the intake pressure deviation exceeds a preset threshold, timing is started by the system RTC clock, and the performance degradation index is calculated based on the intake pressure deviation to construct the air compressor performance degradation diagnostic subsystem.

[0028] An air compressor performance degradation alarm is triggered when API > 10%, where API represents the performance degradation index.

[0029] Preferably, the formula for calculating the step performance degradation index is as follows: Where API is the performance degradation exponent, t i Δη represents the duration of the intake pressure offset. i t represents the intake pressure deviation measured in a single instance. total This represents the total operating time of the air compressor.

[0030] A rapid fault diagnosis device for fuel cells is used to perform the rapid fault diagnosis method for fuel cells described above, and includes a parameter reading module and a fault diagnosis module.

[0031] The parameter reading module is used to execute the fuel cell initialization protocol and read the fuel cell operating characteristic parameters;

[0032] The fault diagnosis module is used to construct a fault feature identification system based on the fuel cell operating characteristic parameters. The fault feature identification system is used for thermodynamic boundary anomaly detection, air filter blockage fault feature identification, valve leakage diagnosis, and air compressor performance degradation diagnosis. The valve leakage diagnosis integrates a temperature difference adaptive correction protocol, which is triggered by compensating for the intake medium flux.

[0033] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0034] (1) By constructing a fault feature identification system through fuel cell operating characteristic parameters, the fault sources such as intake valve failure, air filter blockage, excessively high ambient temperature and air compressor performance degradation can be accurately and quickly identified, ensuring the stable operation of the fuel cell system and reducing system downtime and costs caused by misdiagnosis or delayed maintenance.

[0035] (2) Introducing a temperature difference adaptive correction protocol to dynamically adjust the intake medium flow rate to better match the actual working conditions, which helps in subsequent troubleshooting.

[0036] (3) Introducing the flow resistance characteristic coefficient to quantify air filter blockage is beneficial for subsequent troubleshooting. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the steps of a rapid fault diagnosis method for fuel cells according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided.

[0040] Working principle and usage process of this invention:

[0041] Please see Figure 1 A rapid fault diagnosis method for fuel cells includes:

[0042] S1: Execute the fuel cell initialization protocol and read the fuel cell operating characteristic parameters;

[0043] S2: Construct a fault feature identification system based on the fuel cell operating characteristic parameters. The fault feature identification system is used for thermodynamic boundary anomaly detection, air filter blockage fault feature identification, valve leakage diagnosis, and air compressor performance degradation diagnosis. The valve leakage diagnosis integrates a temperature difference adaptive correction protocol, which is triggered by compensating for the intake medium flux.

[0044] In this embodiment, the fuel cell initialization protocol is executed and the fuel cell operating characteristic parameters are read. This can be implemented through the following steps:

[0045] Activate the fuel cell and the air compressor performs a gas purging at a preset angular velocity. For example, when the fuel cell system is turned on, the preset air compressor speed is 8000 rpm (the rated operating speed of the fuel cell system in this example). The fuel cell system is purged for 3 minutes to remove residual impurities inside the system.

[0046] The fuel cell integrates an air filter, an air flow meter 1 (for real-time monitoring of the intake medium flow rate into the system), an air compressor (which operates at a given speed to provide sufficient air to the fuel cell stack), an intercooler (for air cooling), a bypass valve (for switching airflow paths during testing), an air flow meter 2 (for monitoring the intake medium flow rate under specific test conditions), a humidifier (for humidifying the air), an intake throttle valve (for regulating the intake medium flow rate into the fuel cell stack), and an intake pressure sensor P. 21 (used for real-time monitoring of air intake pressure entering the fuel cell stack), tailpipe (exhaust gas emission system), and environmental thermodynamic parameter sensors (installed on the vehicle bracket to monitor environmental thermodynamic parameters in real time);

[0047] The fuel cell operating characteristic parameters are synchronously read based on a distributed IoT sensor array. These parameters include environmental thermodynamic parameters, inlet medium flux Q1, inlet medium flux Q2, and inlet pressure P. 21 The intake medium flux Q1 represents the real-time airflow entering the fuel cell (at which time the intake throttle is open and the bypass valve is closed), and it is read by air flow meter 1. The intake medium flux Q2 represents the real-time airflow when the intake throttle is closed and the bypass valve is open, and it is read by air flow meter 2. At this time, the air bypasses the intake throttle and directly enters the secondary circuit. The intake pressure P 21 The real-time air intake pressure entering the fuel cell stack, i.e., the air compressor outlet intake pressure, is represented by the intake pressure sensor P. 21 Read.

[0048] In this embodiment, a fault feature identification system is constructed based on the fuel cell operating characteristic parameters, which can be implemented through the following steps:

[0049] S201: Construct the thermodynamic boundary anomaly detection subsystem based on the environmental thermodynamic parameters. When the environmental thermodynamic parameters exceed the allowable temperature range threshold under standard operating conditions, activate the thermal overload protection protocol. Example: Read the data from the environmental temperature sensor. The current environmental temperature is 25℃ (the normal environmental temperature range is set to -10℃ to 40℃). Since the environmental temperature is within the normal range, the fault caused by excessively high environmental temperature is ruled out. If the environmental temperature is 45℃, activate the thermal overload protection protocol.

[0050] S202: Define a reference value for gas medium throughput. When the gas medium throughput Q1 is lower than the reference value, a dual verification mechanism is activated to read the air filter pressure difference and calculate the flow resistance characteristic coefficient. The air filter pressure difference is the difference between the air filter outlet and the inlet air pressure. The calculation of the flow resistance characteristic coefficient follows the following rules: Where K is the flow resistance characteristic coefficient, with units of kPa·s. 2 / g 2 ΔP is the air filter pressure difference, in kPa, and Q1 is in g / s.

[0051] The air filter clogging fault feature identification subsystem is constructed based on the flow resistance characteristic coefficient. When the flow resistance characteristic coefficient exceeds a preset threshold, a clogging fault alarm is triggered. Example 1: Air flow meter 1 displays an intake medium flow rate Q1 of 152 g / s (the baseline value for gas medium flow rate is 150 g / s), indicating that the air filter is not clogged. Example 2: Air flow meter 1 displays an intake medium flow rate Q1 of 100 g / s, triggering a dual verification mechanism. At this time, the air filter pressure difference is 1.368 kPa, and the flow resistance characteristic coefficient is 0.009, which is higher than the preset threshold of 0.005, triggering a clogging fault alarm.

[0052] S203: Adjust the intake throttle valve to zero opening and open the bypass valve, simultaneously collect the intake medium flow rate Q1 and intake medium flow rate Q2, and introduce a compensation intake medium flow rate. The temperature difference adaptive correction protocol is triggered, and the compensation for the intake medium flux is... The calculation formula is in, To compensate for the intake medium flow rate, the unit is g / s, α is the temperature compensation coefficient, the unit is % / ℃, and the value range is [0.0012, 0.0018], T is the environmental thermodynamic parameter, the unit is ℃, and T0 is the flow meter calibration reference temperature, which is 25℃ by default.

[0053] Based on the environmental thermodynamic parameters and the compensation intake medium flux The dynamic error threshold is calculated and the valve leakage diagnosis subsystem is constructed. The calculation formula is E = 0.5% + 0.02% |T - T0|, where E is the dynamic error threshold, in percentage (%). When the following conditions are met... At that time, a valve leakage alarm is triggered;

[0054] When the valve leakage alarm is triggered, an unexpected mass loss is output, which is the amount of the compensated intake medium flow rate. The difference between the intake medium flux Q1 and the intake medium flux Q2; Example 1: Close the intake throttle valve, open the bypass valve, and guide the airflow through the secondary circuit. At this time, the intake medium flux Q1 reads from air flow meter 1 as 151 g / s, the intake medium flux Q2 reads from air flow meter 2 as 150 g / s, the ambient thermodynamic parameter is 30℃, and the temperature compensation coefficient is taken as 0.0015, then the compensated intake medium flux... The velocity is 148.875 g / s, and the dynamic error threshold is 0.6%. Within the preset error range (±4g / s), it is determined that there is no leakage in the intake valve. Example 2: Close the intake throttle valve and open the bypass valve to guide airflow through the secondary circuit. At this time, the intake medium flux Q1 reads from air flow meter 1 as 157g / s, and the intake medium flux Q2 reads from air flow meter 2 as 144g / s. The ambient thermodynamic parameter is 30℃, and the temperature compensation coefficient is taken as 0.0015. Then, the compensated intake medium flux... The velocity is 142.920 g / s, and the dynamic error threshold is 0.6%. Outside the preset error range (±4g / s), a valve leakage alarm was triggered, and the unexpected mass loss was obtained as 157-142.920=14.08g / s.

[0055] S204: Obtain the air compressor performance calibration curve: inlet medium flux-pressure ratio (QP) characteristic curve;

[0056] Based on the intake pressure P 21 The theoretical medium flux Q is derived from the inversion of the air compressor performance calibration curve. y That is, to obtain P 21 The theoretical medium flux under the performance calibration curve of the air compressor, when the inlet medium flux Q1 and the theoretical medium flux Q y When the difference exceeds the allowable range, a diagnostic command for air compressor performance degradation is triggered.

[0057] The terminal receives the air compressor performance degradation diagnostic command and collects the air compressor pressure difference, which is the difference between the intake pressure at the air compressor inlet and outlet. Based on the air compressor pressure difference, the actual operating pressure ratio is calculated using the following formula: Where, η act The actual working pressure ratio is dimensionless, ΔP.K The air compressor pressure differential.

[0058] The intake pressure deviation is calculated based on the actual working pressure ratio, and the calculation formula is as follows: Where Δη is the intake pressure offset, η ref The calibrated pressure ratio of the air compressor;

[0059] When the intake pressure deviation exceeds a preset threshold, timing begins via the system RTC clock. Based on the intake pressure deviation, a performance degradation index is calculated, and the air compressor performance degradation diagnostic subsystem is constructed. The formula for calculating the performance degradation index is as follows: Where API is the performance degradation exponent, t i Δη represents the duration of the intake pressure offset. i t represents the intake pressure deviation measured in a single instance. total This represents the total operating time of the air compressor.

[0060] An air compressor performance degradation alarm is triggered when API > 10%. Example 1: Obtain the air compressor performance calibration curve; Inlet pressure P 21 At a pressure of 134 kPa, the theoretical medium flow rate under the air compressor performance calibration curve should be 132 g / s. The air flow meter 1 reads an inlet medium flow rate Q1 of 130 g / s, a difference of 2 g / s, exceeding the allowable range (±5 g / s). This indicates that the air compressor performance has not significantly degraded under the given pressure. Example 2: Obtain the air compressor performance calibration curve; Inlet pressure P 21 At a pressure of 123 kPa, the theoretical medium flux under the air compressor performance calibration curve is much lower than the inlet medium flux Q1 (152 g / s), thus triggering an air compressor performance degradation diagnostic command; based on the air compressor pressure difference (1.52 kPa) and the compensated inlet medium flux... (148.875g / s) The actual working pressure ratio is calculated to be 0.010, and the intake pressure deviation is 9.09%, which exceeds the preset threshold (±5%). Timing starts and the performance degradation index is calculated. When API > 10%, the air compressor performance degradation alarm is triggered.

[0061] A rapid fault diagnosis device for fuel cells includes a parameter reading module and a fault diagnosis module.

[0062] The parameter reading module is used to execute the fuel cell initialization protocol and read the fuel cell operating characteristic parameters;

[0063] The fault diagnosis module is used to construct a fault feature identification system based on the fuel cell operating characteristic parameters. The fault feature identification system is used for thermodynamic boundary anomaly detection, air filter blockage fault feature identification, valve leakage diagnosis subsystem, and air compressor performance degradation diagnosis. The valve leakage diagnosis integrates a temperature difference adaptive correction protocol, which is triggered by compensating for the intake medium flux.

[0064] The computer storage medium of this invention can be any combination of one or more computer-readable media. A computer-readable medium can be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium. Computer-readable storage media can be, for example, but not limited to, electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatuses, or devices, or any combination thereof. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable storage media include: electrical connections having one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof. In this document, a computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0065] Computer-readable signal media may include data signals propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, carrying computer-readable program code. Such propagated data signals may take various forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination thereof. Computer-readable signal media may also be any computer-readable medium other than computer-readable storage media, capable of sending, propagating, or transmitting programs for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0066] The program code contained on the computer-readable medium can be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to wireless, wired, optical fiber, RF, etc., or any suitable combination thereof. The computer program code for performing the operations of this invention can be written in one or more programming languages ​​or a combination thereof, including object-oriented programming languages—such as Java, Smalltalk, and C++—and conventional procedural programming languages—such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving a remote computer, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer via any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or it can be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0067] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid fault diagnosis method for fuel cells, characterized in that, The implementation of the rapid fault diagnosis method for fuel cells includes the following steps: Execute the fuel cell initialization protocol and read the fuel cell operating characteristic parameters; A fault feature identification system is constructed based on the fuel cell operating characteristic parameters. The fault feature identification system is used for thermodynamic boundary anomaly detection, air filter blockage fault feature identification, valve leakage diagnosis, and air compressor performance degradation diagnosis. The valve leakage diagnosis incorporates a temperature difference adaptive correction protocol, which is triggered by compensating for the intake medium flux. The fuel cell integrates an air filter, an air flow meter 1 for real-time monitoring of the intake medium flow rate, an air compressor, an intercooler, a bypass valve for switching the airflow path during testing, an air flow meter 2 for monitoring the intake medium flow rate under testing conditions, a humidifier, an intake throttle valve for adjusting the intake medium flow rate into the fuel cell stack, and an intake pressure sensor P. 21 Tailpipe and environmental thermodynamic parameter sensors; The process of executing the fuel cell initialization protocol and reading fuel cell operating characteristic parameters includes: The fuel cell is activated, and the air compressor performs gas purging at a preset angular velocity. The fuel cell operating characteristic parameters are synchronously read based on a distributed IoT sensor array. These parameters include environmental thermodynamic parameters, inlet medium flux Q1, inlet medium flux Q2, and inlet pressure P. 21 ; The intake medium flux Q1 represents the real-time air flow rate entering the fuel cell when the intake throttle valve is open and the bypass valve is closed. It is read by air flow meter 1. The intake medium flux Q2 represents the real-time air flow rate when the intake throttle valve is closed and the bypass valve is open. It is read by air flow meter 2. At this time, the air bypasses the intake throttle valve. The valve leakage diagnosis includes: Adjust the intake throttle valve to zero opening and open the bypass valve, simultaneously collect the intake medium flow rate Q1 and Q2, and introduce the compensated intake medium flow rate. Trigger the temperature difference adaptive correction protocol; Based on the environmental thermodynamic parameters and the compensation intake medium flux The dynamic error threshold is calculated and a valve leakage diagnosis subsystem is constructed. The calculation formula is E=0.5%+0.02%|T-T0|, where E is the dynamic error threshold, T is the environmental thermodynamic parameter, and T0 is the flow meter calibration reference temperature. When the following conditions are met... At that time, a valve leakage alarm is triggered; When the valve leakage alarm is triggered, an unexpected mass loss is output, which is the amount of the compensated intake medium flow rate. The difference between the intake medium flux Q1 and the intake medium flux.

2. The rapid fault diagnosis method for fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermodynamic boundary anomaly detection includes: A thermodynamic boundary anomaly detection subsystem is constructed based on the aforementioned environmental thermodynamic parameters. When the environmental thermodynamic parameters exceed the allowable temperature range threshold under standard operating conditions, a thermal overload protection protocol is activated.

3. The rapid fault diagnosis method for fuel cells according to claim 2, characterized in that, The air filter clogging fault feature identification includes: Define a reference value for gas medium flow rate. When the gas medium flow rate Q1 is lower than the reference value, a dual verification mechanism is activated to read the air filter pressure difference and calculate the flow resistance characteristic coefficient. The air filter pressure difference is the difference between the air filter outlet and the air filter inlet. A subsystem for identifying air filter blockage fault characteristics is constructed based on the flow resistance characteristic coefficient. When the flow resistance characteristic coefficient exceeds a preset threshold, a blockage fault alarm is triggered.

4. The rapid fault diagnosis method for fuel cells according to claim 3, characterized in that, The calculation of the flow resistance characteristic coefficient follows: Where K is the flow resistance characteristic coefficient. This refers to the air filter pressure difference.

5. The rapid fault diagnosis method for fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compensated intake medium flux The calculation formula is: ,in, To compensate for the inlet medium flow rate, α is the temperature compensation coefficient, T is the environmental thermodynamic parameter, and T0 is the flow meter calibration reference temperature.

6. The rapid fault diagnosis method for fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air compressor performance degradation diagnosis includes: Obtain the air compressor performance calibration curve: inlet medium flow rate-pressure ratio characteristic curve; Based on the intake pressure P 21 The theoretical medium flux Q is derived from the inversion of the air compressor performance calibration curve. y When the intake medium flux Q1 and the theoretical medium flux Q y When the difference exceeds the allowable range, a diagnostic command for air compressor performance degradation is triggered. The terminal receives the air compressor performance degradation diagnostic command and collects the air compressor pressure difference, which is the difference between the intake pressure at the air compressor inlet and outlet. Based on the air compressor pressure difference, the actual operating pressure ratio is calculated using the following formula: ,in, This is the actual working pressure ratio. The air compressor pressure differential. The intake pressure deviation is calculated based on the actual working pressure ratio, and the calculation formula is as follows: ,in, This refers to the intake pressure offset. The calibrated pressure ratio of the air compressor; When the intake pressure deviation exceeds a preset threshold, timing is started through the system RTC clock, and the performance degradation index is calculated based on the intake pressure deviation to construct an air compressor performance degradation diagnosis subsystem. When API > 10%, an air compressor performance degradation alarm is triggered. The formula for calculating the performance degradation index is as follows: Where API is the performance degradation exponent, t i The duration of intake pressure deviation. t represents the intake pressure deviation measured in a single measurement. total This represents the total operating time of the air compressor.

7. A rapid fault diagnosis device for fuel cells, characterized in that, The device is applied to the rapid fault diagnosis method for fuel cells as described in any one of claims 1-6, and includes a parameter reading module and a fault diagnosis module; The parameter reading module is used to execute the fuel cell initialization protocol and read the fuel cell operating characteristic parameters; The fault diagnosis module is used to construct a fault feature identification system based on the fuel cell operating characteristic parameters. The fault feature identification system is used for thermodynamic boundary anomaly detection, air filter blockage fault feature identification, valve leakage diagnosis, and air compressor performance degradation diagnosis. The valve leakage diagnosis integrates a temperature difference adaptive correction protocol, which is triggered by compensating for the intake medium flux.

Images