Beneficial insect luring composition

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural pest control, and provides a beneficial insect attracting composition which comprises one of 6-methyl-5-heptene-2-ketone or trans-beta-farnesene and nerolidol or nerolidol. The composition provided by the invention is based on plant-derived volatile matters, and is high in safety; nerolidol and trans-beta-farnesene or 6-methyl-5-heptene-2-ketone have a remarkable trapping effect on natural enemy insects such as ladybird and hoverfly, and can induce the natural enemy insects to migrate into farmland, so that the population cardinal number of pests is lowered in advance, the ecological environment of the farmland is protected, and the ecological control effect of the pests is improved. The ecological prevention and control effect is improved, the use intensity of chemical pesticides is reduced, and a new technical path is provided for sustainable development of agricultural ecology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural pest control and relates to a beneficial insect attracting composition. Background Art

[0002] Disclosing the information of this background art is intended to increase the understanding of the overall background of the present invention, and it is not necessarily regarded as an admission or an indication in any form that this information constitutes the prior art already known to those of ordinary skill in the art.

[0003] In the long process of evolution, a complex food web has been formed among plants, pests, and natural enemies. The damaged plants will directly make defensive responses to pests, release volatiles to attract natural enemies, and at the same time, pests will also resist or adapt to the defensive effects of plants. During the growth and development process, plants have evolved to defend against pest damage by producing and releasing volatile compounds to attract natural enemies in the surrounding environment. After being attacked, plants will release a large number of volatile compounds, which can attract natural enemy insects such as ladybugs, parasitic wasps, and hoverflies to control pests. Among them, ladybugs, hoverflies, and lacewings are the main natural enemies of agricultural pests such as aphids, planthoppers, and whiteflies, and overwinter in the habitats around crops in winter. For example, ladybugs overwinter in the stone crevices near farmland, and hoverflies and lacewings overwinter mainly as adults and eggs in the bark crevices or fallen leaves. Therefore, how to efficiently utilize plant-derived volatiles to attract natural enemies in non-crop habitats into farmland and reduce the pest population base in advance is an urgent problem to be solved in current pest control.

[0004] Single plant volatiles such as nerolidol, (E)-β-farnesene, and 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one have a certain trapping effect on natural enemy insects. These methods usually use a single volatile compound for trapping alone. Although they can attract natural enemy insects to a certain extent, there are problems such as low trapping efficiency, short duration, and unstable effects in practical applications. In addition, it is often difficult for a single volatile to achieve a high trapping effect on multiple important natural enemy insects at the same time. Therefore, the prior art cannot fully meet the needs of actual agricultural ecological control production, and there is an urgent need to develop a more efficient, stable, and broad-spectrum trapping technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problems in existing agricultural pest control, such as the reduction of natural enemy insects, the enhancement of pest resistance to pesticides, and the environmental pollution caused by pesticide residues due to the over-reliance on chemical pesticides, the present invention provides a beneficial insect attracting composition containing the attracting component nerolidol, which can effectively increase the trapping amount of hoverflies and ladybugs.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0007] A beneficial insect attracting composition, comprising one of 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one (CAS No.: 110-93-0) or trans-β-farnesene (18794-84-8) and nerolidol (7212-44-4), or nerolidol alone.

[0008] The volume ratio of the 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one to nerolidol is 2:1; the volume ratio of trans-β-farnesene to nerolidol is 1:1.

[0009] The beneficial insects are hoverflies and ladybugs. Preferably, the hoverfly is Episyrphus balteatus ( Episyrphus balteatus ); the ladybugs are Propylea japonica ( Propylaea japonica ), and Harmonia axyridis ( Harmonia axyridis ).

[0010] The present invention also provides an apparatus for attracting beneficial insects, comprising the above beneficial insect attracting composition.

[0011] The apparatus further includes an adsorbent; preferably, the adsorbent is macroporous adsorption resin.

[0012] The ratio of the composition to the adsorbent is 50 - 100 μL: 10 - 15 g.

[0013] The preparation method of the above apparatus includes the following steps: Mix the composition with a solvent and then adsorb it with the adsorbent, and then load it into a container to obtain the product.

[0014] The solvent is preferably liquid paraffin.

[0015] A method for ecological control of aphids, comprising the following step: applying the above composition or apparatus in the field.

[0016] Preferably, the dosage of the composition is 50 - 100 μL / 667 m 2 .

[0017] Preferably, the effective duration of the above composition or apparatus is 15 days.

[0018] The aphids are preferably wheat aphids; more preferably, the wheat aphids are Sitobion avenae ( Macrosiphum avenae ), Schizaphis graminum ( Schizaphis graminam ), and Rhopalosiphum padi ( Rhopalosphum padi ).

[0019] The present invention has the following advantages: The composition provided by the present invention is based on plant - derived volatiles and has high safety. By reasonably utilizing plant - derived volatile compounds and their combinations, it can effectively attract natural enemy insects of pests, thereby reducing the base number of pest populations in advance, protecting the farmland ecological environment and improving the ecological control effect of pests. Nerolidol, trans - β - farnesene or 6 - methyl - 5 - hepten - 2 - one has a significant attracting effect on natural enemy insects such as ladybugs and hoverflies, and can induce natural enemy insects to migrate into farmland. It improves the ecological control effect, reduces the use intensity of chemical pesticides, and provides a new technical path for the sustainable development of agricultural ecology. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 Comparison of the attracting effects of single - component on natural enemies; Figure 2 Comparison of the attracting effects of two - component on natural enemies in elm forest land; Figure 3 Comparison of the attracting effects of two - component on natural enemies in crabapple forest land. Detailed Embodiments

[0021] The following further illustrates the present invention with reference to embodiments, but the present invention is not limited by the following embodiments. In the scope disclosed in this application, the endpoints and any values of the range are not limited to the exact range or value, and these ranges or values should be understood to include values close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, between the endpoint values of each range, between the endpoint values of each range and individual point values, and between individual point values, they can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, and these numerical ranges should be regarded as specifically disclosed in this application.

[0022] Example 1 Luring Balls for Beneficial Insects 100 μL of trans - β - farnesene, nerolidol, 6 - methyl - 5 - hepten - 2 - one, cis - 3 - hexenyl acetate, eugenol, linalool, cis - jasmone were respectively dissolved in 1000 μL of liquid paraffin to prepare luring agent solutions, and then adsorbed on 15 g of AB - 8 macroporous adsorption resin, and all were loaded into porous plastic balls with a diameter of 8 cm to obtain single - component luring balls.

[0023] cis-3-Hexenyl acetate was mixed with 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, (E)-β-farnesene, and nerolidol at a volume ratio of 1:1, 2:1, and 2:1 respectively. 6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-one was mixed with (E)-β-farnesene and nerolidol at a volume ratio of 2:1 and 2:1 respectively. (E)-β-farnesene and nerolidol were mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1. 100 μL, 75 μL, 75 μL, 75 μL, 75 μL, and 50 μL of the above combined attractants were respectively mixed with 1000 μL of liquid paraffin to prepare attractant solutions, which were then adsorbed onto 10 g of AB-8 macroporous adsorption resin. All were placed into a 7*10 cm non-woven fabric bag and then into a porous plastic ball with a diameter of 8 cm to obtain a compound attractant ball.

[0024] Example 2 Attracting Effect of Single-Component Attractant Balls It was carried out in the 10,000-acre ecological prevention and control demonstration area in Liutuan Town, Changyi City, Shandong Province (119°40′ E, 36°94′ N) in mid-April 2024. The main crop rotation in this area is winter wheat and summer corn. The area of the test plot and elm forest land is 0.3 hm², and the surrounding areas are all winter wheat-summer corn rotation fields.

[0025] The different single-component attractant balls prepared in Example 1 were hung at the top of a 1.5-m bamboo pole, and sticky traps were hung below to capture the attracted natural enemies of pests. An attractant ball made of macroporous resin adsorbed with liquid paraffin without attractant components was used as a blank control. The number of natural enemies on the white sticky traps was investigated once every 5 days. After each investigation, the sticky traps were replaced to ensure the accuracy of subsequent data monitoring and avoid interference with data accuracy due to insufficient space on the sticky traps or remains of natural enemies. Four replicates were set for each treatment group and the blank control. Each replicate was distributed in the field in a completely randomized manner, and the treatment spacing between each other was set at 20 meters to avoid mutual interference.

[0026] Before analyzing the collected experimental data, the natural enemy number data was logarithmically transformed (log[x + 1]), and ANOVA variance analysis and LSD least significant difference method were used for multiple comparisons. The significance level was set at P < 0.05.

[0027] The trapping results of the attractant balls made of 7 plant-derived volatiles and the control group (without volatiles) for natural enemies of pests are as Figure 1 shown. The trapping effect of nerolidol on syrphid flies was significantly higher than that of the control (F = 1.0833, P = 0.046, df = 88), which was 87% higher than the control. However, there was no significant difference in the trapping effect on other natural enemies compared with the control (P < 0.05).

[0028] Example 3 Attracting Effect of Compound Attractant Balls It was carried out in the 10,000-acre ecological prevention and control demonstration area in Liutuan Town, Changyi City, Shandong Province (119°40′ E, 36°94′ N) from April to May 2024. The main crops in this area are winter wheat and summer maize in rotation. A total of two forest plots were selected for the experiment. One is an elm forest plot beside the wheat field, with an area of 0.3 hm². The other is a crabapple forest plot beside the wheat field, with an area of 0.1 hm². The two plots are more than 5 km apart, and the surrounding areas of the plots are all winter wheat-summer maize rotation fields.

[0029] The different compound luring balls prepared in Example 1 were hung at the top of a 1.5-m bamboo pole, and sticky boards were hung below to capture the attracted natural enemies of pests. The specific investigation and data processing methods are as in Example 2.

[0030] The effects of attracting natural enemies are as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown. In the elm forest plot, the two compound combinations of nerolidol + 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one (F = 4.1894, P = 0.0400, df = 77) and nerolidol + (E)-β-farnesene (F = 4.1061, P = 0.0450, df = 77) had significantly higher attracting effects on syrphid flies than the control group, being 576% and 564% more than the control group respectively. For ladybugs, the attracting effect of the compound combination of nerolidol + (E)-β-farnesene was significantly better than that of the control group (F = -4.1061, P = 0.0450, df = 77), being 725% more than the control group. For other natural enemies, there was no significant difference in the number of natural enemies trapped on the sticky boards around the control group.

[0031] The above are only the embodiments of the present application and are not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made to the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A beneficial insect attracting composition, characterized in that, Containing one of 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one or trans-β-farnesene and nerolidol, or nerolidol.

2. The beneficial insect attracting composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The volume ratio of the 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one to nerolidol is 2:1; the volume ratio of trans-β-farnesene to nerolidol is 1:

1.

3. The beneficial insect attracting composition according to claim 1, wherein The beneficial insects are hoverflies and ladybugs; preferably, the beneficial insects are Episyrphus balteatus ( Episyrphus balteatus ), Propylea japonica ( Propylaea japonica ), and Harmonia axyridis ( Harmonia axyridis ).

4. An apparatus for attracting beneficial insects, characterized in that, Containing the beneficial insect attracting composition according to any one of claims 1-3.

5. The instrument for attracting beneficial insects according to claim 4, characterized in that, The device further includes an adsorbent; the ratio of the beneficial insect attracting composition to the adsorbent is (50-100) μL: (10-15) g.

6. The device for attracting beneficial insects according to claim 5, characterized in that, The adsorbent is macroporous adsorption resin.

7. A method for preparing an instrument according to any one of claims 4-6, characterized in that, Including the following steps: Mix the beneficial insect attracting composition with a solvent and then adsorb it with the adsorbent, and then load it into a container to obtain the product.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, wherein The solvent is liquid paraffin.

9. A method for ecologically controlling aphids, characterized in that, Including the following steps: applying the beneficial insect attracting composition according to any one of claims 1-3 or the device according to any one of claims 4-6 in the field.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein The dosage of the beneficial insect attracting composition is 50 - 100 μL / 667 m 2 ; the effective duration of the beneficial insect attracting composition or device is 15 days; The aphids are wheat aphids; preferably, the aphids are Sitobion avenae ( Macrosiphum avenae ), Schizaphis graminum ( Schizaphis graminam ), and Rhopalosiphum padi ( Rhopalosphum padi ).

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