Multi-axis linkage machining system for drilling and milling inner wall of deep hole

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of deep hole machining, and provides a multi-axis linkage machining system for drilling and milling the inner wall of a deep hole, which adopts a linear motion device to directly drive a cutter support module, omits a lead screw and other intermediate transmission links, shortens the non-cutting time, has high positioning precision, can improve the machining efficiency, and has lower operation noise and vibration. The processing environment can be improved; according to the workpiece clamping device, a second hollow rotating platform is connected with a chuck, the chuck clamps the workpiece, through program control, the second hollow rotating platform can drive the workpiece on the chuck to rotate and position at any angle, and the requirement for machining the workpiece by a drilling and milling cutter module is met; the problems of time waste, positioning errors and the like caused by secondary clamping are avoided, and the workpiece machining efficiency is improved; a tool bit of the drilling tool module is fed by adopting a variable-diameter structure (a tool bit feeding assembly), and drilling and milling can be carried out on the inner walls of deep hole type workpieces with complex inner hole shapes such as bottleneck holes and stepped holes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of deep hole machining, and particularly relates to a multi-axis linkage machining system for drilling and milling the inner wall of a deep hole. Background Art

[0002] In industries such as petroleum, aerospace, military, and molds, the machining of shaft-like and cylindrical parts is one of the core manufacturing processes. Such parts usually have deep hole structures, and features such as blind holes and keyways need to be machined on the inner wall of the deep hole to meet the requirements of connecting, transmitting, or installing functional components. Currently, domestic devices for inner wall drilling and milling mainly focus on machining the inner wall near both ends of the workpiece, and the machining technology for the inner wall of deep hole workpieces is currently a "bottleneck" problem in many domestic enterprises.

[0003] For the inner wall of deep holes with a large diameter-to-length ratio, especially the machining of structures such as blind holes and keyways in the middle section or the distal end, problems such as difficult machining are generally faced. In the aerospace and military fields, such problems are particularly prominent because the relevant parts often have extremely high requirements for the geometric accuracy and surface integrity of the inner wall of the deep hole.

[0004] Therefore, the development of an advanced technology that can achieve high-quality and high-efficiency drilling and milling of the inner wall of deep holes has become an urgent need in the industry. This technology needs to break through the limitations of existing machining devices and solve core problems such as tool guidance, dynamic stability, and cutting force control in the machining of the inner wall of deep holes, so as to meet the increasing accuracy and reliability requirements of complex deep hole parts in the high-end equipment manufacturing field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention proposes a multi-axis linkage machining system for drilling and milling the inner wall of a deep hole, which directly drives the tool support module by a linear motion device, eliminating intermediate transmission links such as lead screws, shortening non-cutting time, having high positioning accuracy, improving machining efficiency, and having low operating noise and vibration, which helps to improve the machining environment; The workpiece clamping device is connected with a chuck by a second hollow rotating platform, and the chuck clamps the workpiece. Through program control, the second hollow rotating platform can drive the workpiece on the chuck to rotate and position at any angle, meeting the machining of the workpiece by the drilling and milling tool module, avoiding problems such as time waste and positioning errors caused by secondary clamping, and improving the machining efficiency of the workpiece; The tool head of the drilling tool module is fed by a variable diameter structure (tool head feed assembly), and can realize drilling and milling on the inner wall of deep hole workpieces with complex inner hole shapes such as bottleneck holes and stepped holes.

[0006] A multi-axis linkage machining system for drilling and milling the inner wall of a deep hole designed according to this purpose includes a workpiece clamping device, a linear motion device, a tool support module, and a drilling and milling tool module; The workpiece clamping device is used to clamp the workpiece and drive the workpiece to rotate during the machining process; The workpiece clamping device is fixedly arranged on the linear motion device, the tool support module is fixedly arranged on the output platform of the linear motor of the linear motion device, and the output platform of the linear motor of the linear motion device is fixedly connected with the tool support module; The tool support module is used to fix the drilling and milling tool module and move synchronously closer to or farther away from the workpiece clamping device with the drilling and milling tool module; The drilling and milling tool module includes a tool head, a tool head feed assembly, a lock tooth type tool sleeve and a tool head rotation assembly; the tool head is connected with the lock tooth type tool sleeve, and the tool head feed assembly and the tool head rotation assembly are respectively in transmission connection with the tool head; When the workpiece is being machined, the tool head moves axially along the inner cavity of the workpiece through the linear motion device, the tool head moves radially along the inner cavity of the workpiece through the tool head feed assembly and rotates in the inner cavity of the workpiece through the tool head rotation assembly, so as to realize the drilling and milling machining of the inner wall of the deep hole of the workpiece.

[0007] The tool head is detachably and cooperatively connected with the lock tooth type tool sleeve, and an internal thread structure for connecting with the tool head is arranged in the lock tooth type tool sleeve, so as to replace tool heads of different specifications and models on the lock tooth type tool sleeve; Alternatively, the tool head and the lock tooth type tool sleeve are integrally formed.

[0008] The tool head feed assembly includes a feed screw, a feed drive gear, a feed transmission gear, a feed gear shaft and a feed motor; The output end of the feed motor is in transmission connection with the feed gear shaft, the feed drive gear is fixed on the feed gear shaft and meshes with the feed transmission gear; The feed transmission gear is sleeved on the feed screw, and the two are in threaded transmission connection; The feed screw is in cooperative connection with the tool head; The feed motor drives the feed gear shaft and the feed drive gear to rotate, and the feed transmission gear rotates in cooperation with the feed drive gear, so that the feed screw and the tool head move radially along the feed transmission gear.

[0009] The feed screw is provided with a lock tooth type tool sleeve and a lock tooth type tool sleeve cover; the feed screw is provided with a limiting step inserted into the lock tooth type tool sleeve, the lock tooth type tool sleeve cover is sleeved outside the feed screw, and the lock tooth type tool sleeve cover is connected with the lock tooth type tool sleeve, and the limiting step is limited between the lock tooth type tool sleeve and the lock tooth type tool sleeve cover; the lock tooth type tool sleeve is in threaded connection with the tool head; During the movement of the feed screw, the limiting step pulls or pushes the lock tooth type tool sleeve cover, the lock tooth type tool sleeve and the tool head to move radially.

[0010] The tool head rotation assembly includes a rotation drive gear, a rotation transmission gear, a rotation gear shaft and a first rotation drive motor; The rotating drive gear is connected to the cutter head in a mating manner and meshes with the rotary drive gear; The rotary drive gear is fixed on the rotary gear shaft; The output end of the first rotary drive motor is in transmission connection with the rotary gear shaft; The first rotary drive motor drives the rotary gear shaft and the rotary drive gear to rotate. The rotating drive gear rotates in cooperation with the rotary drive gear, causing the cutter head to perform a rotary motion around the feed screw.

[0011] The cutter head feed assembly includes a feed screw connected to the cutter head in a mating manner and a feed gear shaft in transmission connection with the feed screw; The feed screw is provided with a lock tooth type cutter sleeve connected to the cutter head; The rotating drive gear is sleeved on the outer sides of the lock tooth type cutter sleeve and the cutter head, and the rotating drive gear is connected to the cutter head in a mating manner through the lock tooth type cutter sleeve; The rotating drive gear is internally provided with a stepped hole that cooperates with the lock tooth type cutter sleeve and allows the cutter head to pass through; The rotary gear shaft is provided with a shaft cavity into which the feed gear shaft is inserted. A copper sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the feed gear shaft on the shaft cavity to compensate for the installation gap between the feed gear shaft and the shaft cavity of the rotary gear shaft through the copper sleeve to achieve clearance compensation.

[0012] The drilling and milling tool module includes a cutter housing. Several circles of support components are arranged at intervals on the outer surface of the cutter housing. Each circle of support components includes a guide block acting on the inner wall of the workpiece inner cavity; The number of guide blocks in each circle of support components is more than three. During the machining process of the inner wall of the deep hole of the workpiece, the cutter contacts the inner wall of the workpiece inner cavity through the support points of more than three guide blocks to form a stable radial support on the inner cavity of the workpiece.

[0013] The guide block protrudes from the outer surface of the cutter housing, and the guide block is detachably installed on the outer surface of the cutter housing to replace and match the corresponding guide block according to the inner diameter of the inner cavity of the workpiece; The cutter housing has a hollow structure. An installation cavity is provided on the cutter housing. The installation cavity penetrates the cutter housing up and down. One end of the installation cavity is provided with a first installation step and a limit plate, and a gear seat is arranged in the installation cavity; The cutter head feed assembly includes a feed screw limit-installed on the limit plate and a feed drive gear limit-installed on the gear seat; The limit plate is provided with a flat shaft hole that is in limit cooperation with the feed screw to prevent the feed screw from rotating during the rotation of the feed drive gear; The feed drive gear is rotationally fitted with the gear seat, and a first gear retaining ring is provided on the feed drive gear and is limited on the convex platform inside the gear seat cavity. The feed drive gear is inserted into the gear seat from the bottom of the gear seat, and the first gear retaining ring is installed on the feed drive gear from the top of the gear seat to prevent the feed drive gear from slipping out of the gear seat; the limiting plate covers the top of the gear seat and is limited and abutted and fixed on the first installation step; The other end of the installation cavity is open and provided with a second installation step and a bottom cover, The tool head rotation assembly includes a rotation drive gear installed in the opening at the other end of the installation cavity. An outer bearing retaining ring is provided on the rotation drive gear and abuts against one end face of the bottom cover. The rotation drive gear is installed in the bottom cover, and a first bearing is provided between the rotation drive gear and the bottom cover. The rotation drive gear is rotationally connected and fitted with the bottom cover through the first bearing; a second gear retaining ring is provided on the outer side of the rotation drive gear and is limited and abutted against the other end face of the bottom cover; The bearing retaining ring is installed between the rotation drive gear and the bottom cover with upper and lower limits; the first bearing is installed between the bearing retaining ring and the internal step of the bottom cover with upper and lower limits; the rotation drive gear is installed on the bottom cover with upper and lower limits through the bearing retaining ring and the second gear retaining ring; The tool head feed assembly includes a feed gear shaft inserted horizontally into the tool housing, and the tool head rotation assembly includes a rotation gear shaft inserted horizontally into the tool housing. The feed gear shaft is inserted into the rotation gear shaft, and one end of the feed gear shaft extends out of the rotation gear shaft and is provided with a feed drive gear meshing with the feed drive gear. One end of the rotation gear shaft is provided with a rotation drive gear meshing with the rotation drive gear. The feed drive gear is inserted into the rotation drive gear, and a copper sleeve for compensating the fitting clearance between the two is provided in the installation clearance between the feed drive gear and the rotation drive gear. The copper sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the feed drive gear and is located inside the rotation gear shaft; The outer diameter of the feed drive gear is smaller than the outer diameter of the rotation drive gear, and the outer diameter of the feed drive gear is smaller than the outer diameter of the rotation drive gear; the feed drive gear, the rotation drive gear, the feed drive gear and the rotation drive gear are all bevel gears; A second bearing is provided on the outer side of the rotation gear shaft and is rotationally fitted with the inner wall of the tool housing; The rotation gear shaft is provided with an installation boss for limiting the installation of the second bearing, and a limiting member is provided in the tool housing. The second bearing is sleeved on the outer side of the rotation gear shaft and is limited between the limiting member and the installation boss.

[0014] The tool support module includes a bottom plate fixedly connected to the output platform of the linear motion device linear motor, and a first support, a second support and a third support vertically arranged on the bottom plate; The first support, the second support and the third support are respectively arranged on the sliding plate at intervals; The tool head feed assembly includes a feed motor, and the feed motor is fixed on the third support; The cutter head rotating assembly includes a first hollow rotating platform, a first rotating drive motor disposed on one side of the hollow rotating platform, and a rotating gear shaft drivingly connected to the first rotating drive motor. A connecting flange connected to the rotating gear shaft is provided on the other side of the first hollow rotating platform, and the rotating gear shaft penetrates through the connecting flange; the first hollow rotating platform is fixedly installed on the second bracket; The drilling and milling cutter module includes a cutter housing provided with a cutter housing connecting flange. The cutter housing connecting flange is inserted outside the cutter housing and is threadedly connected to the cutter housing. The cutter housing connecting flange is fixedly installed on the first bracket; a side cutter cover is provided at one end of the cutter housing, and the side cutter cover covers and shields the inner cavity of the cutter housing.

[0015] The linear motion device includes a base, a substrate, a guide rail, a magnetic disk, a slider, a linear motor mover, a support seat, and a linear motor output platform; The magnetic disk is installed on the substrate, the substrate and the guide rail are both installed in the base, the linear motor mover and the slider are both installed at the bottom of the linear motor output platform. The linear motor mover cooperates with the magnetic disk to form an electromagnetic linear actuator, and the slider is slidably engaged with the guide rail; The cutter support module is fixedly installed on the top of the linear motor output platform; The workpiece clamping device includes a platform bracket fixed on the support seat, a second hollow rotating platform fixedly connected to the platform bracket, and a chuck installed on the second hollow rotating platform; a second rotating drive motor for driving the rotation of the chuck is provided on one side of the second hollow rotating platform.

[0016] Through the innovation of the above structure, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: 1. The linear motion device directly drives the cutter support module, eliminating intermediate transmission links such as lead screws, shortening non-cutting time, having high positioning accuracy, improving processing efficiency, and having low running noise and vibration, which helps to improve the processing environment.

[0017] 2. The workpiece clamping device uses a second hollow rotating platform connected to the chuck to clamp the workpiece. Through program control, the second hollow rotating platform can drive the workpiece on the chuck to rotate and position at any angle, meeting the processing of the workpiece by the drilling and milling cutter module, avoiding problems such as time waste and positioning errors caused by secondary clamping, and improving the workpiece processing efficiency.

[0018] 3. The cutter head of the drilling cutter module uses a variable diameter structure for feeding, which can realize drilling and milling processing on the inner wall of deep hole workpieces with complex inner hole shapes such as bottleneck holes and stepped holes. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic perspective view of a processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a workpiece clamping device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a tool support module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a linear motion device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a drill and mill tool module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a drill and mill tool module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 is Figure 6 an enlarged layout view of the transmission gear part in

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the disassembly and assembly of a tool shell and a tool shell connection flange according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the disassembly and assembly of a tool shell and a tool shell connection flange in another orientation according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0028] Next, in combination with the embodiments of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Refer to Figures 1-9 , a multi-axis linkage machining system for drilling and milling the inner wall of a deep hole, including a workpiece clamping device 1, a linear motion device 2, a tool support module 3, and a drill and mill tool module 4; The workpiece clamping device 1 is used to clamp the workpiece and drive the workpiece to rotate during the machining process; The workpiece clamping device 1 is fixedly arranged on the linear motion device 2, the tool support module 3 is fixedly arranged on the linear motor output platform 208 of the linear motion device 2, and the linear motion device 2 is fixedly connected to the tool support module 3; The tool support module 3 is used to fix the drill and mill tool module 4 and move synchronously closer to or farther away from the workpiece clamping device 1 with the drill and mill tool module 4; The described drilling and milling tool module 4 includes a tool tip 406, a tool tip feed assembly 433, a lock tooth type tool sleeve 428, and a tool tip rotation assembly 434; the tool tip 406 is connected to the lock tooth type tool sleeve 428, and the tool tip feed assembly 433 and the tool tip rotation assembly 434 are respectively drivingly connected to the tool tip 406; During workpiece machining, the tool tip 406 moves axially along the inner cavity of the workpiece through the linear motion device 2, the tool tip 406 moves radially along the inner cavity of the workpiece through the tool tip feed assembly 433 and rotates in the inner cavity of the workpiece through the tool tip rotation assembly 434 to achieve drilling and milling of the inner wall of the deep hole of the workpiece.

[0030] By providing a workpiece clamping device 1, a linear motion device 2, a tool support module 3, and a drilling and milling tool module 4, the workpiece clamping device 1 realizes stable clamping of the workpiece during machining and drives the workpiece to rotate. The tool tip feed assembly 433 and the tool tip rotation assembly 434 of the drilling and milling tool module 4 enable the tool tip 406 to achieve high-precision radial feed and rotational motion in the deep hole inner cavity of the workpiece, solving the problem that it is difficult for traditional machining devices to reach the middle and far ends of the deep hole. The independent drive design of the tool tip feed assembly 433 and the tool tip rotation assembly 434 enables independent and precise regulation of the radial displacement and rotation angle of the tool, meeting the machining requirements of complex inner wall structures. The rotation function of the workpiece clamping device 1 cooperates with the axial movement of the linear motion device 2 to achieve relative multi-degree-of-freedom motion between the workpiece and the tool, ensuring uniform distribution of the cutting force during machining. The compact structure design of the drilling and milling tool module 4 enables it to penetrate deep into the inner part of the deep hole of the workpiece, and the multi-directional motion ability of the tool tip 406 enables it to complete various machining tasks such as drilling and milling slots. This system is particularly suitable for machining parts with extremely high geometric accuracy requirements for the inner wall of deep holes in the aerospace field, and can effectively ensure the integrity and dimensional accuracy of the machining surface.

[0031] The tool tip 406 is detachably and cooperatively connected to the lock tooth type tool sleeve 428, and an internal thread structure for connecting with the tool tip 406 is provided inside the lock tooth type tool sleeve 428 to replace tool tips of different specifications and models on the lock tooth type tool sleeve 428.

[0032] The internal thread structure inside the lock tooth type tool sleeve 428 can install drill bits and milling cutters of different models to complete the machining of blind holes and key slots of different sizes.

[0033] The cutter head 406 and the lock tooth type cutter sleeve 428 are designed with a standardized detachable mating connection. With the interface form of the internal thread structure, the system can quickly replace cutters of different specifications and models to meet diverse processing requirements. This modular design significantly improves the process adaptability of the processing system. Various types of cutters such as drills, end mills, and ball end mills can be selected according to different processing requirements. The internal thread connection method ensures the stability of cutter installation and the repeat positioning accuracy through the precisely machined thread mating surface, effectively avoiding the phenomenon of cutter loosening during the processing. The replaceable design of the cutter head 406 is particularly suitable for the deep hole inner wall processing scenarios that require a combination of multiple processing techniques.

[0034] Alternatively, the cutter head 406 and the lock tooth type cutter sleeve 428 are integrally formed.

[0035] The cutter head feed assembly 433 includes a feed screw 405, a feed drive gear 425, a feed transmission gear 426, a feed gear shaft 420, and a feed motor 415; The output end of the feed motor 415 is drivingly connected to the feed gear shaft 420. The feed drive gear 425 is fixed on the feed gear shaft 420 and meshes with the feed transmission gear 426; The feed transmission gear 426 is sleeved on the feed screw 405, and the two are connected by screw drive; The feed screw 405 is matingly connected to the cutter head 406; The feed motor 415 drives the feed gear shaft 420 and the feed drive gear 425 to rotate. The feed transmission gear 426 rotates in cooperation with the feed drive gear 425, causing the feed screw 405 and the cutter head 406 to perform a radial movement along the feed transmission gear 426.

[0036] The cutter head feed assembly 433 adopts a composite drive method of gear drive and screw feed. The feed motor 415 drives the feed gear shaft 420 to rotate. Through the precise meshing drive of the feed drive gear 425 and the feed transmission gear 426, the feed screw 405 is finally driven to achieve an accurate radial feed movement. This multi-stage transmission structure has the characteristics of high transmission accuracy and good motion stability, and can achieve precise control of the feed amount. The mechanical connection method between the feed screw 405 and the cutter head 406 ensures the accuracy of the radial position of the cutter.

[0037] The feed screw 405 is provided with a lock tooth type cutter sleeve 428 and a lock tooth type cutter sleeve cover 429; the feed screw 405 is provided with a limit step 4051 inserted into the lock tooth type cutter sleeve 428. The lock tooth type cutter sleeve cover 429 is sleeved outside the feed screw 405, and the lock tooth type cutter sleeve cover 429 is connected to the lock tooth type cutter sleeve 428. The limit step 4051 is limited between the lock tooth type cutter sleeve 428 and the lock tooth type cutter sleeve cover 429; the lock tooth type cutter sleeve 428 is threadedly connected to the cutter head 406; During the movement of the feed screw 405, the locking tooth type tool sleeve cover 429, the locking tooth type tool sleeve 428 and the tool head 406 are pulled or pushed by the limit step 4051 to make radial movement.

[0038] In this embodiment, a limit step 4051 connected to the locking tooth type tool sleeve 428 and the locking tooth type tool sleeve cover 429 is provided at the lower end of the feed screw 405. The diameter of the limit step 4051 is larger than the diameter of the feed screw 405, so as to drive the tool head 406 to expand and contract.

[0039] The feed screw 405 adopts a composite limit structure of the locking tooth type tool sleeve 428 and the locking tooth type tool sleeve cover 429, and realizes the reliable transmission of axial force through the limit step 4051. This double limit design not only ensures the connection strength between the feed screw 405 and the tool head 406, but also effectively prevents loosening during radial movement, ensuring the stability of machining accuracy. The threaded connection mode between the locking tooth type tool sleeve 428 and the tool head 406 has a self-locking characteristic, which is suitable for the vibration environment in the machining of the inner wall of deep holes. The two-way limit design of the limit step 4051 enables the feed screw 405 to transmit both tensile force and thrust force, realizing precise two-way control of the advancement and retraction of the tool.

[0040] The tool head rotation assembly 434 includes a rotation drive gear 424, a rotation transmission gear 432, a rotation gear shaft 421 and a first rotation drive motor 412; The rotation transmission gear 432 is connected and matched with the tool head 406 and meshes with the rotation drive gear 424; A stepped hole 4321 that is matched with the locking tooth type tool sleeve 428 and allows the tool head 406 to pass through is provided inside the rotation transmission gear 432. In addition to transmitting rotational motion, this stepped hole 4321 also has the function of restricting the tool head 406 from extending too long a distance to prevent overtravel.

[0041] The rotation drive gear 424 is fixed on the rotation gear shaft 421; The output end of the first rotation drive motor 412 is in transmission connection with the rotation gear shaft 421; The first rotation drive motor 412 drives the rotation gear shaft 421 and the rotation drive gear 424 to rotate. The rotation transmission gear 432 rotates in cooperation with the rotation drive gear 424, so that the tool head 406 rotates around the feed screw 405.

[0042] The tool head feed assembly 433 includes a feed screw 405 connected and matched with the tool head 406, and a feed gear shaft 420 in transmission connection with the feed screw 405; The feed screw 405 is provided with a locking tooth type tool sleeve 428 connected to the tool head 406; The rotating drive gear 432 is sleeved on the outside of the locking tooth tool sleeve 428 and the tool bit 406, and the rotating drive gear 432 is connected in cooperation with the tool bit 406 through the locking tooth tool sleeve 428. The rotating gear shaft 421 is provided with a shaft cavity 4211 for inserting the feed gear shaft 420, and a copper sleeve 422 is sleeved on the outside of the feed gear shaft 420 on the shaft cavity 4211, so as to make up for the installation gap between the feed gear shaft 420 and the shaft cavity 4211 of the rotating gear shaft 421 through the copper sleeve 422 to achieve clearance compensation.

[0043] The copper sleeve 422 and the second bearing 423 can support, buffer the rotating gear shaft 421 and the feed gear shaft 420, reduce shaft wear and increase shaft life.

[0044] The drill-milling tool module 4 includes a tool shell 419, and a plurality of circles of support components arranged at intervals are provided on the outer surface of the tool shell 419, and each circle of support components includes a guide block 403 acting on the inner wall of the workpiece inner cavity. The number of guide blocks 403 in each circle of support components is more than three. During the machining process of the inner wall of the deep hole of the workpiece, the support points of more than three guide blocks 403 are in contact with the inner wall of the workpiece inner cavity, so as to form a stable radial support on the inner cavity of the workpiece, so that the drill-milling tool maintains a stable axis direction during the machining process and reduces vibration.

[0045] In this embodiment, three guide blocks 403 are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction in each circle of support components. The layout of the three guide blocks 403 is based on the principle of three points determining a circle, and contacts the inner wall of the deep hole of the workpiece through three support points.

[0046] In this embodiment, a groove for limiting and installing the guide block 403 is provided on the outer surface of the tool shell 419, and the guide block 403 is fixed on the outer surface of the tool shell 419 through the third fastener 416. The guide block 403 protrudes from the outer surface of the tool shell 419, and the guide block 403 is detachably installed on the outer surface of the tool shell 419, so as to replace and match the corresponding guide block 403 according to the inner diameter of the inner cavity of the workpiece. The tool shell 419 has a hollow structure. An installation cavity 4191 is provided on the tool shell 419. The installation cavity 4191 penetrates the tool shell 419 up and down. One end of the installation cavity 4191 is provided with a first installation step 4192 and a limit plate 404, and a gear seat 408 is arranged in the installation cavity 4191. The tool bit feed assembly 433 includes a feed screw 405 limit-installed on the limit plate 404 and a feed drive gear 426 limit-installed on the gear seat 408. The limiting plate 404 is provided with a flat shaft hole 4041 which is in limiting fit with the feed screw 405 to prevent the feed screw 405 from rotating during the rotation of the feed drive gear 426; The feed drive gear 426 is rotatably fitted with the gear seat 408, and a first gear retaining ring 431 which is limited on the inner cavity boss of the gear seat 408 is provided on the feed drive gear 426. The feed drive gear 426 is inserted into the gear seat 408 from the bottom of the gear seat 408, and the first gear retaining ring 431 is installed on the feed drive gear 426 from the top of the gear seat 408 to prevent the feed drive gear 426 from disengaging from the gear seat 408; the limiting plate 404 covers the top of the gear seat 408 and is limited and abutted and fixed on the first installation step 4192; The other end of the installation cavity 4191 is open and provided with a second installation step 4193 and a bottom cover 407, The cutter head rotation assembly 434 includes a rotation drive gear 432 installed in the opening at the other end of the installation cavity 4191. An bearing retaining ring 430 which abuts against one end face of the bottom cover 407 is provided on the outer side of the rotation drive gear 432. The rotation drive gear 432 is installed in the bottom cover 407, and a first bearing 427 is provided between the rotation drive gear 432 and the bottom cover 407. The rotation drive gear 432 is rotationally connected and fitted with the bottom cover 407 through the first bearing 427; a second gear retaining ring 435 which is limited and abutted against the other end face of the bottom cover 407 is provided on the outer side of the rotation drive gear 432; The bearing retaining ring 430 is installed between the rotation drive gear 432 and the bottom cover 407 in an upper and lower limiting manner; the first bearing 427 is installed between the bearing retaining ring 430 and the inner step of the bottom cover 407 in an upper and lower limiting manner; the rotation drive gear 432 is installed on the bottom cover 407 in an upper and lower limiting manner through the bearing retaining ring 430 and the second gear retaining ring 435; The cutter head feed assembly 433 includes a feed gear shaft 420 which is horizontally inserted into the cutter housing 419. The cutter head rotation assembly 434 includes a rotation gear shaft 421 which is horizontally inserted into the cutter housing 419. The feed gear shaft 420 is inserted into the rotation gear shaft 421, and one end of the feed gear shaft 420 extends out of the rotation gear shaft 421 and is provided with a feed drive gear 425 which meshes with the feed drive gear 426. One end of the rotation gear shaft 421 is provided with a rotation drive gear 424 which meshes with the rotation drive gear 432. The feed drive gear 425 is inserted into the rotation drive gear 424, and a copper sleeve 422 for compensating the fitting clearance between the two is provided in the installation clearance between the feed drive gear 425 and the rotation drive gear 424. The copper sleeve 422 is sleeved on the outer side of the feed drive gear 425 and is located in the rotation gear shaft 421; The outer diameter of the feed transmission gear 426 is smaller than the outer diameter of the rotation transmission gear 432, and the outer diameter of the feed drive gear 425 is smaller than the outer diameter of the rotation drive gear 424; the feed transmission gear 426, the rotation transmission gear 432, the feed drive gear 425 and the rotation drive gear 424 are all bevel gears; The outer side of the rotating gear shaft 421 is provided with a second bearing 423 which is rotatably matched with the inner wall of the blade housing 419; The rotating gear shaft 421 is provided with a mounting boss for limiting the mounting of the second bearing 423 , a limiting piece is provided in the knife housing 419 , and the second bearing 423 is sleeved on the outside of the rotating gear shaft 421 and limited between the limiting piece and the mounting boss.

[0047] The tool support module 3 includes a base plate 301 fixedly connected to the linear motor output platform 208 of the linear motion device 2, and a first bracket 302, a second bracket 303 and a third bracket 304 vertically arranged on the base plate 301; The first bracket 302, the second bracket 303 and the third bracket 304 are respectively arranged on the bottom plate 301 at intervals; In this embodiment, the first bracket 302 , the second bracket 303 and the third bracket 304 are fixed on the top of the bottom plate 301 by first fasteners 305 , respectively.

[0048] In this embodiment, the first bracket 302, the second bracket 303 and the third bracket 304 are all provided with mounting opening slots coaxially arranged with the tool housing 409 and the chuck 103, so that the axis line of the tool housing 409 and the axis line of the workpiece are colinear, and the high-precision positioning of the tool in the area to be processed can be completed under the drive of the linear motor output platform 208 of the linear motion device 2.

[0049] The cutter head feeding assembly 433 includes a feeding motor 415, and the feeding motor 415 is fixed on the third bracket 304; The cutter head rotating assembly 434 includes a first hollow rotating platform 411, a first rotating drive motor 412 disposed on one side of the hollow rotating platform 411, and a rotating gear shaft 421 drivingly connected to the first rotating drive motor 412. A connecting flange 410 connected to the rotating gear shaft 421 is disposed on the other side of the first hollow rotating platform 411, and the rotating gear shaft 421 is inserted through the connecting flange 410. The first hollow rotating platform 411 is fixedly mounted on the second bracket 303. In this embodiment, the first hollow rotating platform 411 and the first rotating driving motor 412 are both hollow shaft rotating platforms in the prior art, so their specific internal transmission structures are not described in detail here.

[0050] In this embodiment, the right end of the first hollow rotating platform 411 is fixedly mounted on the second bracket 303 via a fourth fastener 417 .

[0051] In this embodiment, the left end of the first hollow rotary table 411 is fixedly connected to the connecting flange 410 through the fifth fastener 418.

[0052] The drill-milling cutter module 4 includes a cutter housing 419 provided with a cutter housing connecting flange 409. The cutter housing connecting flange 409 is inserted outside the cutter housing 419, and the cutter housing connecting flange 409 is threadedly connected to the cutter housing 419. The cutter housing connecting flange 409 is fixedly installed on the first bracket 302; one end of the cutter housing 419 is provided with a side cutter cover 401, and the side cutter cover 401 covers and shields the inner cavity of the cutter housing 419.

[0053] In this embodiment, the side cutter cover 401 is fixedly connected to the cutter housing 419 through the second fastener 402. The side cutter cover 401 can prevent chips from entering the inside of the cutter housing 419 and has the function of protecting the stability of the transmission structure inside the cutter housing 419.

[0054] The linear motion device 2 includes a base 201, a substrate 202, a guide rail 204, a disk 203, a slider 205, a linear motor mover 206, a support seat 207, and a linear motor output platform 208; The disk 203 is installed on the substrate 202. The substrate 202 and the guide rail 204 are both installed in the base 201. The linear motor mover 206 and the slider 205 are both installed at the bottom of the linear motor output platform 208. The linear motor mover 206 cooperates with the disk 203 to form an electromagnetic linear actuator, and the slider 205 is slidably matched with the guide rail 204; In this embodiment, the working principle of the electromagnetic linear actuator is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. By passing three-phase sinusoidal alternating current into the stator coil (disk 203), a traveling wave magnetic field in the direction of the guide rail 204 is generated. The linear motor mover 206 is usually a permanent magnet and is pushed by the Lorentz force under the action of the magnetic field to achieve non-contact linear motion.

[0055] The linear motion device 2 can drive the tool support module 3 and the drill-milling cutter module 4 to move in the axial direction of the workpiece, realizing high-speed response and high-precision positioning.

[0056] The bottom plate 301 of the tool support module 3 is fixedly installed on the top of the linear motor output platform 208; The workpiece clamping device 1 includes a platform bracket 101 fixed on the support seat 207, a second hollow rotary table 102 fixedly connected to the platform bracket 101, and a chuck 103 installed on the second hollow rotary table 102; a second rotary drive motor 104 for driving the chuck 103 to rotate is provided on one side of the second hollow rotary table 102.

[0057] In this embodiment, the second hollow rotating platform 102 is a hollow shaft rotating platform in the prior art. The rotating part of the hollow shaft rotating platform is connected to the chuck 103 to make the chuck 103 rotate. The workpiece clamping device 1 can fix the workpiece at any angle in the circumferential direction, and multi-angle machining can be completed without secondary clamping.

[0058] In this embodiment, each fastener is a fastening screw.

[0059] In this embodiment, the chuck 103 is a manual chuck for manually clamping workpieces or a pneumatic clamping chuck for pneumatically clamping workpieces in the prior art.

[0060] The specific working method is as follows: First, the workpiece is clamped on the chuck 103 connected to the second hollow rotating platform 102. The second hollow rotating platform 102 is controlled by a control unit (not shown in the figure) to rotate the workpiece to the angle to be machined. The control unit then controls the linear motor output platform 208 to move back and forth at the axial position of the workpiece, and the drill and mill tool module 4 is inserted into the workpiece until the tool head 406 is at the same axial position as the area to be machined.

[0061] For the rotational movement of the tool head 406, the control unit controls the first hollow rotating platform 411 to drive the rotating gear shaft 412 connected to the connecting flange 410 to rotate. The rotating drive gear 424 installed at the left end of the rotating gear shaft 412 drives the rotating transmission gear 432 installed on the bottom cover 407 to perform a rotational movement. The outer shape of the lock tooth type tool sleeve 428 is matched with the capsule-shaped inner hole of the rotating transmission gear 432, so that the rotational movement of the rotating transmission gear 432 is transmitted to the lock tooth type tool sleeve 428, and the lock tooth type tool sleeve 428 drives the tool head 406 threadedly connected therein to perform a rotational movement.

[0062] For the feeding movement of the tool head 406 in the radial direction of the workpiece, the control unit controls the feeding motor 415. The feeding motor shaft drives the feeding gear shaft 420 to rotate through the coupling 414. The feeding drive gear 425 installed at the left end of the feeding gear shaft 420 drives the feeding transmission gear 426 installed on the gear seat 408 to perform a rotational movement. Since the feeding screw 405 is restricted in its rotational freedom by the limiting plate 404, as the feeding transmission gear 426 rotates clockwise or counterclockwise, the feeding screw 405 drives the tool head 406 threadedly connected to the lock tooth type tool sleeve 428 to feed in the radial direction of the inner wall of the workpiece.

[0063] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-axis linkage machining system for drilling and milling the inner wall of deep holes, characterized in that: It comprises a workpiece clamping device (1), a linear motion device (2), a tool support module (3) and a drilling and milling tool module (4); The workpiece clamping device (1) is used to clamp the workpiece and drive the workpiece to rotate during the processing; The workpiece clamping device (1) is fixedly mounted on the linear motion device (2), and the tool support module (3) is fixedly mounted on the linear motor output platform (208) of the linear motion device (2); The tool support module (3) is used to fix the drilling and milling tool module (4) and to move synchronously with the drilling and milling tool module (4) toward or away from the workpiece clamping device (1); The drilling and milling tool module (4) comprises a cutter head (406), a cutter head feeding assembly (433), a locking tooth type cutter sleeve (428) and a cutter head rotating assembly (434); the cutter head (406) is connected to the locking tooth type cutter sleeve (428), and the cutter head feeding assembly (433) and the cutter head rotating assembly (434) are respectively connected to the cutter head (406) in a transmission manner; When the workpiece is being processed, the cutter head (406) moves axially along the inner cavity of the workpiece through the linear motion device (2), and the cutter head (406) moves radially along the inner cavity of the workpiece through the cutter head feeding assembly (433) and rotates in the inner cavity of the workpiece through the cutter head rotating assembly (434), so as to realize drilling and milling processing of the inner wall of the deep hole of the workpiece.

2. The multi-axis linkage machining system for drilling and milling the inner wall of deep holes according to claim 1, wherein: The cutter head (406) is detachably connected to the locking tooth type cutter sleeve (428); the locking tooth type cutter sleeve (428) is provided with an internal thread structure for connecting to the cutter head (406), so that cutter heads of different specifications and models can be replaced on the locking tooth type cutter sleeve (428); Alternatively, the blade head (406) and the locking-tooth blade sleeve (428) are integrally formed.

3. The multi-axis linkage machining system for drilling and milling the inner wall of deep holes according to claim 1, wherein: The cutter head feeding assembly (433) comprises a feeding screw (405), a feeding driving gear (425), a feeding transmission gear (426), a feeding gear shaft (420) and a feeding motor (415); The output end of the feed motor (415) is in transmission connection with the feed gear shaft (420); the feed drive gear (425) is fixed on the feed gear shaft (420) and meshes with the feed transmission gear (426); The feed transmission gear (426) is sleeved on the feed screw (405), and the two are connected via threaded transmission; The feed screw (405) is cooperatively connected with the cutter head (406); The feed motor (415) drives the feed gear shaft (420) and the feed drive gear (425) to rotate, and the feed transmission gear (426) cooperates with the feed drive gear (425) to rotate, so that the feed screw (405) and the cutter head (406) move radially along the feed transmission gear (426).

4. The multi-axis linkage machining system for deep hole inner wall drilling and milling according to claim 3, wherein: The feed screw (405) is provided with a locking tooth type tool sleeve (428) and a locking tooth type tool sleeve cover (429); the feed screw (405) is provided with a limiting step (4051) inserted into the locking tooth type tool sleeve (428), the locking tooth type tool sleeve cover (429) is sleeved outside the feed screw (405), and the locking tooth type tool sleeve cover (429) is connected to the locking tooth type tool sleeve (428), and the limiting step (4051) is limited between the locking tooth type tool sleeve (428) and the locking tooth type tool sleeve cover (429); the locking tooth type tool sleeve (428) is threadedly connected to the tool head (406); During the movement of the feed screw (405), the limiting step (4051) pulls or pushes the locking tooth type tool sleeve cover (429), the locking tooth type tool sleeve (428) and the tool head (406) to perform radial movement.

5. The multi-axis linkage machining system for drilling and milling the inner wall of deep holes according to claim 1, wherein: The tool head rotation assembly (434) includes a rotation drive gear (424), a rotation transmission gear (432), a rotation gear shaft (421) and a first rotation drive motor (412); The rotation transmission gear (432) is cooperatively connected to the tool head (406) and meshes with the rotation drive gear (424); The rotation drive gear (424) is fixed on the rotation gear shaft (421); The output end of the first rotation drive motor (412) is in transmission connection with the rotation gear shaft (421); The first rotation drive motor (412) drives the rotation gear shaft (421) and the rotation drive gear (424) to rotate, and the rotation transmission gear (432) rotates in cooperation with the rotation drive gear (424), so that the tool head (406) rotates around the feed screw (405).

6. The multi-axis linkage machining system for drilling and milling the inner wall of deep holes according to claim 5, wherein: The tool head feed assembly (433) includes a feed screw (405) cooperatively connected to the tool head (406) and a feed gear shaft (420) in transmission connection with the feed screw (405); The feed screw (405) is provided with a locking tooth type tool sleeve (428) connected to the tool head (406); The rotation transmission gear (432) is sleeved outside the locking tooth type tool sleeve (428) and the tool head (406), and the rotation transmission gear (432) is cooperatively connected to the tool head (406) through the locking tooth type tool sleeve (428); The rotation transmission gear (432) is internally provided with a stepped hole (4321) that cooperates with the locking tooth type tool sleeve (428) and allows the tool head 406) to pass through; The rotation gear shaft (421) is provided with a shaft cavity (4211) inserted into the feed gear shaft (420), and a copper sleeve (422) is sleeved outside the feed gear shaft (420) on the shaft cavity (4211), so as to compensate for the installation gap between the feed gear shaft (420) and the shaft cavity (4211) of the rotation gear shaft (421) through the copper sleeve (422) to achieve clearance compensation.

7. The multi-axis linkage machining system for drilling and milling the inner wall of deep holes according to claim 1, wherein: The drill-mill tool module (4) includes a tool housing (419), and several circles of support assemblies are arranged at intervals on the outer surface of the tool housing (419), and each circle of support assembly includes a guide block (403) acting on the inner wall of the workpiece inner cavity; The number of guide blocks (403) for each ring of the support assembly is more than three. During the machining of the inner wall of the deep hole of the workpiece by the tool, the support points of more than three guide blocks (403) are in contact with the inner wall of the workpiece cavity to form a stable radial support on the inner cavity of the workpiece.

8. The multi-axis linkage machining system for drilling and milling the inner wall of a deep hole according to claim 7, characterized in that: The guide block (403) protrudes from the outer surface of the tool holder (419), and the guide block (403) is detachably installed on the outer surface of the tool holder (419) to replace and match the corresponding guide block (403) according to the inner diameter of the workpiece cavity; The tool holder (419) has a hollow structure, and an installation cavity (4191) is provided on the tool holder (419). The installation cavity (4191) penetrates through the tool holder (419) vertically. One end of the installation cavity (4191) is provided with a first installation step (4192) and a limit plate (404), and a gear seat (408) is arranged in the installation cavity (4191); The tool head feeding assembly (433) includes a feeding screw (405) limitedly installed on the limit plate (404) and a feeding transmission gear (426) limitedly installed on the gear seat (408); The limit plate (404) is provided with a flat shaft hole (4041) that is in limit cooperation with the feeding screw (405) to prevent the feeding screw (405) from rotating during the rotation of the feeding transmission gear (426); The feeding transmission gear (426) is rotationally matched with the gear seat (408), and a first gear retaining ring (431) is provided on the feeding transmission gear (426) and is limited on the inner cavity boss of the gear seat (408). The feeding transmission gear (426) is inserted into the gear seat (408) from the bottom of the gear seat (408), and the first gear retaining ring (431) is installed on the feeding transmission gear (426) from the top of the gear seat (408) to prevent the feeding transmission gear (426) from slipping out of the gear seat (408); the limit plate (404) covers the top of the gear seat (408) and is limited and abutted and fixed on the first installation step (4192); The other end of the installation cavity (4191) is provided with a second installation step (4193) and a bottom cover (407), The tool head rotating assembly (434) includes a rotating transmission gear (432) installed in the opening at the other end of the installation cavity (4191). An outer bearing retaining ring (430) is provided on the outer side of the rotating transmission gear (432) and abuts against one end face of the bottom cover (407). The rotating transmission gear (432) is installed in the bottom cover (407), and a first bearing (427) is provided between the rotating transmission gear (432) and the bottom cover (407). The rotating transmission gear (432) is rotationally connected and matched with the bottom cover (407) through the first bearing (427); a second gear retaining ring (435) is provided on the outer side of the rotating transmission gear (432) and is limited and abutted against the other end face of the bottom cover (407); The bearing retaining ring (430) is installed between the rotating transmission gear (432) and the bottom cover (407) with upper and lower limits; the first bearing (427) is installed between the bearing retaining ring (430) and the inner step of the bottom cover (407) with upper and lower limits; the rotating transmission gear (432) is installed on the bottom cover (407) with upper and lower limits through the bearing retaining ring (430) and the second gear retaining ring (435). The tool head feeding assembly (433) includes a feeding gear shaft (420) horizontally inserted into the tool holder (419), and the tool head rotating assembly (434) includes a rotating gear shaft (421) horizontally inserted into the tool holder (419). The feeding gear shaft (420) is inserted into the rotating gear shaft (421), and one end of the feeding gear shaft (420) extends out of the rotating gear shaft (421) and is provided with a feeding drive gear (425) meshing with the feeding transmission gear (426). One end of the rotating gear shaft (421) is provided with a rotating drive gear (424) meshing with the rotating transmission gear (432). The feeding drive gear (425) is inserted into the rotating drive gear (424), and a copper sleeve (422) for compensating the fitting clearance between the two is provided in the installation clearance between the feeding drive gear (425) and the rotating drive gear (424). The copper sleeve (422) is sleeved on the outer side of the feeding drive gear (425) and is located inside the rotating gear shaft (421). The outer diameter of the feeding transmission gear (426) is smaller than the outer diameter of the rotating transmission gear (432), and the outer diameter of the feeding drive gear (425) is smaller than the outer diameter of the rotating drive gear (424); the feeding transmission gear (426), the rotating transmission gear (432), the feeding drive gear (425), and the rotating drive gear (424) are all bevel gears. A second bearing (423) is provided on the outer side of the rotating gear shaft (421) and is rotationally matched with the inner wall of the tool holder (419). The rotating gear shaft (421) is provided with an installation boss for limiting and installing the second bearing (423), and a limiting member is provided in the tool holder (419). The second bearing (423) is sleeved on the outer side of the rotating gear shaft (421) and is limited between the limiting member and the installation boss.

9. The multi-axis linkage machining system for drilling and milling the inner wall of deep holes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool support module (3) includes a bottom plate (301) fixedly connected to the linear motor output platform (208) of the linear motion device (2), and a first bracket (302), a second bracket (303), and a third bracket (304) vertically arranged on the bottom plate (301). The first bracket (302), the second bracket (303), and the third bracket (304) are respectively arranged on the bottom plate (301) at intervals. The tool head feeding assembly (433) includes a feeding motor (415), and the feeding motor (415) is fixed on the third bracket (304). The cutter head rotation assembly (434) includes a first hollow rotating platform (411), a first rotary drive motor (412) disposed on one side of the hollow rotating platform (411), and a rotating gear shaft (421) drivingly connected to the first rotary drive motor (412). A connecting flange (410) connected to the rotating gear shaft (421) is provided on the other side of the first hollow rotating platform (411), and the rotating gear shaft (421) penetrates the connecting flange (410). The first hollow rotating platform (411) is fixedly installed on the second bracket (303). The drilling and milling cutter module (4) includes a cutter housing (419) provided with a cutter housing connecting flange (409). The cutter housing connecting flange (409) is inserted outside the cutter housing (419), and the cutter housing connecting flange (409) is threadedly connected to the cutter housing (419). The cutter housing connecting flange (409) is fixedly installed on the first bracket (302). One end of the cutter housing (419) is provided with a side cutter cover (401), and the side cutter cover (401) covers and shields the inner cavity of the cutter housing (419).

10. The multi-axis linkage machining system for drilling and milling the inner wall of deep holes according to claim 1, wherein: The linear motion device (2) includes a base (201), a substrate (202), a disk (203), a guide rail (204), a slider (205), a linear motor mover (206), a support seat (207), and a linear motor output platform (208). The disk (203) is installed on the substrate (202). The substrate (202) and the guide rail (204) are both installed in the base (201). The linear motor mover (206) and the slider (205) are both installed at the bottom of the linear motor output platform (208). The linear motor mover (206) cooperates with the disk (203) to form an electromagnetic linear actuator, and the slider (205) is in sliding cooperation with the guide rail (204). The tool support module (3) is fixedly installed on the top of the linear motor output platform (208). The workpiece clamping device (1) includes a platform bracket (101) fixed to the support seat (207), a second hollow rotating platform (102) fixedly connected to the platform bracket (101), and a chuck (103) installed on the second hollow rotating platform (102). A second rotary drive motor (104) for driving the chuck (103) to rotate is provided on one side of the second hollow rotating platform (102).

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