Puncture device for thoracic surgery

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical puncture, and particularly relates to a thoracic surgery puncture device which comprises a fixing cylinder and a puncture needle slidably arranged at the front end of the fixing cylinder, and further comprises a fixing disc arranged in the middle of the fixing cylinder in a threaded mode, and a rubber hose is fixedly arranged at one end of the puncture needle in the fixing cylinder; one end of the rubber hose is fixedly connected with the middle of the fixed disc; the hollow moving disc is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the puncture needle. By means of the automatic retreating mechanism, the puncture needle automatically retreats when puncture is blocked, and the situation that a patient is hurt due to blind pushing is avoided; meanwhile, the pressure monitoring suction mechanism accurately controls the suction pressure within a safety interval by means of a second pressure sensor, so that the safety of the patient and the sample inspection accuracy are guaranteed; in addition, the reverse dredging and flushing mechanism can automatically conduct reverse flushing when the puncture needle is blocked, smoothness of the puncture needle is guaranteed, the whole device is easy and convenient to operate, the operation difficulty of medical workers is lowered, and the working efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of medical puncture, and particularly relates to a puncture device for thoracic surgery. Background Art

[0002] Thoracic surgery puncture, as a common and important medical operation, plays a key role in disease diagnosis and treatment. For example, in the treatment of pleural effusion, pneumothorax and other diseases, the puncture device is used to extract effusion and gas to relieve the symptoms of patients, or to obtain samples for pathological diagnosis. Therefore, the puncture device is widely used. For example, the publication number: CN113397662B, discloses a puncture device for thoracic surgery.

[0003] However, the current puncture devices for thoracic surgery have deficiencies in actual use: due to the complex organizational structure in the thoracic cavity, including important organs such as the lungs, heart, large blood vessels and numerous nerves, it is difficult for medical staff without sufficient experience to accurately judge the puncture point and the depth of needle insertion, resulting in the situation that the puncture is easily blocked during the puncture process. It may be that the puncture needle hits the ribs, the adhesion part of hard tissues, etc. At this time, if the puncture action is still blindly continued, it is very likely to cause serious harm to the patient; in addition, when medical staff operate to aspirate the effusion or gas inside the thoracic cavity, it is difficult to accurately grasp the appropriate aspiration force. If the aspiration force is too large, it will not only have a strong pulling effect on the tissues in the thoracic cavity, but also destroy the relatively stable pressure balance originally in the thoracic cavity, affecting the cardiopulmonary function. At the same time, too large aspiration force may also damage the cell morphology in the effusion, affecting the subsequent test analysis of the effusion sample.

[0004] Therefore, a puncture device for thoracic surgery is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems and provide a puncture device for thoracic surgery.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A puncture device for thoracic surgery, including a fixed cylinder and a puncture needle, the puncture needle is slidably arranged at the front end of the fixed cylinder, and further includes:

[0007] A fixed disk, which is threadedly arranged in the middle of the fixed cylinder, one end of the puncture needle extends into the interior of the fixed cylinder and is fixedly provided with a rubber hose, and one end of the rubber hose is fixedly connected to the middle of the fixed disk;

[0008] A hollow moving disk, which is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the puncture needle, and the hollow moving disk is located inside the fixed cylinder;

[0009] An automatic retraction mechanism, which is between the fixed disk and the hollow moving disk, and the automatic retraction mechanism is used to retract the puncture needle;

[0010] A pressure monitoring and suction mechanism is disposed inside the fixed cylinder and on the puncture needle, and the pressure monitoring and suction mechanism can perform stable pressure suction.

[0011] A reverse dredging and flushing mechanism is disposed inside the hollow moving disk, and the reverse dredging and flushing mechanism cooperates with the pressure monitoring and suction mechanism to dredge the inside of the puncture needle.

[0012] A PLC controller is disposed on the outer wall of the fixed cylinder, and the automatic retraction mechanism, the pressure monitoring and suction mechanism, and the reverse dredging and flushing mechanism are all electrically connected to the PLC controller.

[0013] Preferably, the automatic retraction mechanism includes two elastic retractable rods. The two elastic retractable rods are symmetrically arranged up and down between the fixed disk and the hollow moving disk. One end of each of the two elastic retractable rods is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed disk, and a first pressure sensor is fixedly provided at the other end of each of the two elastic retractable rods, and the first pressure sensor is fixedly disposed on the side wall of the hollow moving disk.

[0014] Preferably, the elastic retractable rod includes a sleeve fixedly disposed on the side wall of the fixed disk. A moving rod is provided inside the sleeve. A first spring is fixedly provided between one end of the moving rod and the inner wall of the sleeve, and the other end of the moving rod extends to the outside of the sleeve and is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first pressure sensor. An electromagnetic locking shaft device is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the sleeve, and the rod wall of the moving rod passes through the inside of the electromagnetic locking shaft device.

[0015] Preferably, the pressure monitoring and suction mechanism includes a second pressure sensor fixedly disposed on the outer wall of the puncture needle. The detection end of the second pressure sensor extends into the puncture needle, and the second pressure sensor is located on one side of the hollow moving disk. An electric push rod is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the tail of the fixed cylinder. The moving end of the electric push rod is fixedly provided with a suction piston, and the suction piston is slidably disposed inside the fixed cylinder.

[0016] Preferably, the reverse dredging and flushing mechanism includes a squeezing piston slidably disposed inside the hollow moving disk. Flushing physiological saline is stored inside the hollow moving disk on one side of the squeezing piston. An inlet pipe and an outlet pipe are respectively fixedly provided on both sides of the hollow moving disk. The ends of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe away from the hollow moving disk are both fixedly connected to the puncture needle. A first electromagnetic normally open valve is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the puncture needle between the hollow moving disk and the inlet pipe, and a second electromagnetic normally closed valve is provided on the pipe wall of the outlet pipe.

[0017] Preferably, two telescopic sleeves are symmetrically and fixedly arranged between one side of the extrusion piston and the inner wall of the hollow moving disc. The pipe walls of the two telescopic sleeves are sleeved with second springs, and the two ends of the second springs are respectively fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the hollow moving disc and the side wall of the extrusion piston. A liquid supplement port is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the hollow moving disc, and a sealing plug is arranged inside the liquid supplement port.

[0018] Preferably, the front end of the fixed cylinder is arranged in a frustum shape, and a sliding seal sleeve is fixedly embedded at the front end of the fixed cylinder. The outer wall of the puncture needle slides through the inside of the sliding seal sleeve.

[0019] Preferably, the tail of the fixed cylinder is provided with an opening, and a cylinder cover is threaded at the opening. A handle is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the cylinder cover, and the electric push rod is fixedly connected with the side wall of the cylinder cover.

[0020] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] 1. By setting the automatic retraction mechanism, when the puncture needle encounters greater resistance, such as hitting the rib, hard tissue adhesion site, etc., the first pressure sensor monitors the blocked pressure in real time. When the pressure reaches the preset value, the PLC controller controls the electromagnetic lock shaft to release the locking of the moving rod, so that the puncture needle together with the hollow moving disc retracts into the fixed cylinder, providing a retraction distance for the puncture needle, and avoiding serious injuries to important organs such as the lungs, heart, large blood vessels and numerous nerves in the patient's chest cavity caused by the blind pushing of the puncture action by medical staff due to lack of experience, thus significantly improving the safety of the puncture operation.

[0022] 2. By setting the pressure monitoring and suction mechanism, the pressure monitoring and suction mechanism uses the second pressure sensor to monitor the internal pressure of the puncture needle in real time, and feeds the pressure value back to the PLC controller in the form of an electrical signal. The PLC controller accurately controls the running speed and stroke of the electric push rod according to the pressure change, and stably controls the suction pressure within a relatively safe negative pressure range, effectively avoiding strong pulling on the tissues in the chest cavity caused by excessive suction force, damaging the chest cavity pressure balance and affecting the cardiopulmonary function, and at the same time preventing the destruction of the cell morphology in the effusion due to excessive suction force, ensuring the reliability of the subsequent test and analysis results of the effusion sample.

[0023] 3. Through the provided reverse dredging and flushing mechanism, which cooperates with the pressure monitoring and suction mechanism, when the puncture needle becomes blocked during the suction process, the second pressure sensor detects a significant decrease in the pressure at the tail of the puncture needle and feeds it back to the PLC controller. The PLC controller controls the relevant valves and the electric push rod, uses the liquid or gas accumulated in the fixed cylinder to push back in the reverse direction, and then performs reverse flushing with the flushing physiological saline stored in the hollow moving disk, which can effectively remove the foreign objects blocking the puncture needle, ensure the smoothness of the puncture needle, guarantee the smooth progress of the suction operation, and reduce the operation interruption and the risk of re-puncturing caused by the blockage of the puncture needle. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a puncture device for thoracic surgery provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is a perspective view of a puncture device for thoracic surgery provided by the present invention in the first cut-away view;

[0026] Figure 3 is a perspective view of a puncture device for thoracic surgery provided by the present invention in the second cut-away view;

[0027] Figure 4 is a perspective view of the connection between the fixed disk and the hollow moving disk of a puncture device for thoracic surgery provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 is a perspective view of the partial cut-away connection between the fixed disk and the hollow moving disk of a puncture device for thoracic surgery provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 is a perspective view of the elastic yielding telescopic rod of a puncture device for thoracic surgery provided by the present invention.

[0030] In the figure: 1 fixed cylinder, 2 puncture needle, 3 fixed disk, 4 rubber hose, 5 hollow moving disk, 6 automatic yielding mechanism, 61 elastic yielding telescopic rod, 611 sleeve, 612 moving rod, 613 first spring, 614 electromagnetic locking shaft, 62 first pressure sensor, 7 pressure monitoring and suction mechanism, 71 second pressure sensor, 72 electric push rod, 73 suction piston, 8 reverse dredging and flushing mechanism, 81 extrusion piston, 82 liquid inlet pipe, 83 liquid outlet pipe, 84 first normally open electromagnetic valve, 85 second normally closed electromagnetic valve, 86 telescopic sleeve, 87 second spring, 88 liquid filling port, 9 PLC controller, 10 cylinder cover, 11 handle. Detailed Embodiments

[0031] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0032] As shown Figures 1-6 in the figure, a puncture device for thoracic surgery includes a fixed cylinder 1 and a puncture needle 2. The puncture needle 2 is slidably arranged at the front end of the fixed cylinder 1. The front end of the fixed cylinder 1 is arranged in a frustum shape, and a sliding seal sleeve is fixedly embedded at the front end of the fixed cylinder 1. The outer wall of the puncture needle 2 slidably passes through the inside of the sliding seal sleeve. The sliding seal sleeve can increase the sealing performance between the puncture needle 2 and the fixed cylinder 1. At the same time, it can also ensure the sliding of the puncture needle 2 at the front end of the fixed cylinder 1. The tail of the fixed cylinder 1 is provided with an opening, and a cylinder cover 10 is threadedly arranged at the opening. A handle 11 is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the cylinder cover 10. Medical staff can complete the puncture operation by gripping the handle 11. At the same time, by rotating the handle 11 and the fixed cylinder 1 in opposite directions with both hands respectively, the cylinder cover 10 can be disassembled and removed from the tail of the fixed cylinder 1. It also includes:

[0033] A fixed disk 3 is threadedly arranged in the middle of the fixed cylinder 1. One end of the puncture needle 2 extends into the fixed cylinder 1 and is fixedly provided with a rubber hose 4. One end of the rubber hose 4 is fixedly connected to the middle of the fixed disk 3. The rubber hose 4 can provide a moving space for the puncture needle 2, and when the puncture needle 2 is bent, it will not cause obstruction to liquid or gas.

[0034] A hollow moving disk 5 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the puncture needle 2, and the hollow moving disk 5 is located inside the fixed cylinder 1. The puncture needle 2 and the hollow moving disk 5 are integrally arranged, so that the puncture needle 2 and the hollow moving disk 5 can move together.

[0035] The automatic retracting mechanism 6 is disposed between the fixed disk 3 and the hollow movable disk 5, and the automatic retracting mechanism 6 is used to retract the puncture needle 2. The automatic retracting mechanism 6 includes two elastic retracting telescopic rods 61. The two elastic retracting telescopic rods 61 are symmetrically arranged up and down between the fixed disk 3 and the hollow movable disk 5. One end of each of the two elastic retracting telescopic rods 61 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed disk 3, and a first pressure sensor 62 is fixedly provided at the other end of each of the two elastic retracting telescopic rods 61. The first pressure sensor 62 is fixedly disposed on the side wall of the hollow movable disk 5. The elastic retracting telescopic rod 61 includes a sleeve 611 fixedly provided on the side wall of the fixed disk 3. A moving rod 612 is provided inside the sleeve 611. A first spring 613 is fixedly provided between one end of the moving rod 612 and the inner wall of the sleeve 611. The other end of the moving rod 612 extends outside the sleeve 611 and is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first pressure sensor 62. An electromagnetic locking shaft device 614 is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the sleeve 611. The rod wall of the moving rod 612 passes through the inside of the electromagnetic locking shaft device 614. During the puncture process, if the puncture needle 2 encounters a large resistance, the first pressure sensor 62 can monitor the magnitude of the blocked pressure in real time. When the pressure value feedback by the first pressure sensor 62 reaches the preset value, the power supply of the electromagnetic locking shaft device 614 is immediately disconnected, so that the electromagnetic locking shaft device 614 releases the locking of the moving rod 612, causing the puncture needle 2 and the hollow movable disk 5 to also move into the fixed cylinder 1 due to the puncture resistance, providing a retracting distance for the puncture needle 2 and preventing medical staff from blindly continuing the puncture action and causing serious harm to the patient.

[0036] The pressure monitoring and suction mechanism 7 is disposed inside the fixed cylinder 1 and on the puncture needle 2, and the pressure monitoring and suction mechanism 7 can perform stable pressure suction. The pressure monitoring and suction mechanism 7 includes a second pressure sensor 71 fixedly provided on the outer wall of the puncture needle 2. The detection end of the second pressure sensor 71 extends into the puncture needle 2, and the second pressure sensor 71 is located on one side of the hollow movable disk 5. An electric push rod 72 is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the tail of the fixed cylinder 1. The electric push rod 72 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the cylinder cover 10. A suction piston 73 is fixedly provided at the movable end of the electric push rod 72. The suction piston 73 is slidably disposed inside the fixed cylinder 1. During the process of pleural effusion or gas flowing through the puncture needle 2, the second pressure sensor 71 will monitor the magnitude of its pressure in real time and accurately control the running speed and stroke of the electric push rod 72 according to the pressure change situation.

[0037] The reverse dredging and flushing mechanism 8 is arranged inside the hollow moving disk 5, and the reverse dredging and flushing mechanism 8 cooperates with the pressure monitoring and suction mechanism 7 to dredge the inside of the puncture needle 2. The reverse dredging and flushing mechanism 8 includes a squeezing piston 81 slidably arranged inside the hollow moving disk 5. Flushing physiological saline is stored inside the hollow moving disk 5 on one side of the squeezing piston 81. An inlet pipe 82 and an outlet pipe 83 are respectively fixedly arranged on both sides of the hollow moving disk 5. One ends of the inlet pipe 82 and the outlet pipe 83 far away from the hollow moving disk 5 are fixedly connected to the puncture needle 2. A first normally open electromagnetic valve 84 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the puncture needle 2 between the hollow moving disk 5 and the inlet pipe 82. A second normally closed electromagnetic valve 85 is arranged on the pipe wall of the outlet pipe 83. During reverse flushing, it is necessary to close the first normally open electromagnetic valve 84 and open the second normally closed electromagnetic valve 85, so that the end of the puncture needle 2 is closed and the inlet pipe 82 and the outlet pipe 83 are opened, which can ensure that the pleural effusion or gas inhaled into the fixed cylinder 1 is pushed into the inside of the hollow moving disk 5, and then the flushing physiological saline is squeezed out by the squeezing piston 81 and flows into the inside of the puncture needle 2 for reverse flushing; Two telescopic sleeves 86 are symmetrically and fixedly arranged between one side of the squeezing piston 81 and the inner wall of the hollow moving disk 5. The pipe walls of the two telescopic sleeves 86 are sleeved with second springs 87, and the two ends of the second springs 87 are respectively fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the hollow moving disk 5 and the side wall of the squeezing piston 81. When the squeezing piston 81 is not pushed by an external force, the elastic force of the second spring 87 makes the squeezing piston 81 and the telescopic sleeve 86 automatically reset, providing a storage space for the flushing physiological saline. A liquid supplement port 88 is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the hollow moving disk 5, and a sealing plug is arranged inside the liquid supplement port 88. By rotating the fixed disk 3, the fixed disk 3 can be screwed out of the inside of the fixed cylinder 1 in a spiral manner, and at the same time, the hollow moving disk 5 is taken out together. After the hollow moving disk 5 is taken out, the sealing plug can be opened to supplement the flushing physiological saline inside the hollow moving disk 5.

[0038] The PLC controller 9 is arranged on the outer wall of the fixed cylinder 1. The automatic retracting mechanism 6, the pressure monitoring and suction mechanism 7, and the reverse dredging and flushing mechanism 8 are all electrically connected to the PLC controller 9.

[0039] Now, the operation principle of the present invention is described as follows: Medical staff first need to conduct a comprehensive physical assessment of the patient, including checking the patient's medical records and imaging data, clarifying information such as the lesion location and the state of the organs in the chest cavity, so as to plan the puncture path. At the same time, prepare various items required for puncture, such as disinfection supplies, sterile gloves, consumables supporting the puncture device, etc., and ensure that the puncture device is in good condition and can be used normally. Then, turn on the power of the puncture device;

[0040] Medical staff hold the handle 11 tightly with their hands, align the puncture needle 2 with the puncture site on the patient and perform the puncture operation. During the puncture process, if the puncture needle 2 encounters a large resistance, such as hitting a rib, a hard tissue adhesion site, etc., the resistance received by the puncture needle 2 together with the hollow moving disk 5 will act on the first pressure sensor 62. The first pressure sensor 62 can monitor the magnitude of the blocked pressure in real time and feedback the detected pressure value to the PLC controller 9 in the form of an electrical signal. When the pressure value feedback by the first pressure sensor 62 reaches the preset value of the PLC controller 9, the built-in alarm of the PLC controller 9 will sound to remind the medical staff. At the same time, the PLC controller 9 will immediately cut off the power supply of the electromagnetic lock shaft 614, so that the electromagnetic lock shaft 614 releases the locking of the moving rod 612 (inside the electromagnetic lock shaft 614 there is an electromagnetic coil. When powered on, the electromagnetic coil generates a magnetic field, causing the lock shaft to generate a suction force, tightly locking the moving rod 612 and restricting its movement. When powered off, the magnetic field disappears, and the lock shaft no longer generates a suction force on the moving rod 612, thus releasing the locking of the moving rod 612). At this time, the puncture needle 2 together with the hollow moving disk 5 will also move inward into the fixed cylinder 1 due to the puncture resistance. At the same time, it drives the moving rod 612 to move inside the sleeve 611 and compress the first spring 613 (the first spring 613 will generate a resistance to the movement of the puncture needle 2 during the compression process. However, since the elastic force of the first spring 613 is small, it is not sufficient to cause the puncture needle 2 to fail to retract and cause a puncture injury. And the first spring 613 facilitates the subsequent automatic ejection of the puncture needle 2 from the inside of the fixed cylinder 1), providing a retraction distance for the puncture needle 2 to avoid serious harm to the patient caused by the medical staff blindly continuing to push the puncture action. During this process, the resistance is quantified by the sensor. When approaching the rib and tissue adhesion site during the operation, the first pressure sensor 62 can quantify the resistance received by the puncture needle 2. When the resistance reaches the preset value, the puncture needle 2 will retract into the fixed cylinder 1 without causing harm to the patient. At the same time, it drives the relevant components to move and compress the spring, avoiding the medical staff blindly pushing the puncture and hurting the patient. For example, when the puncture needle 2 first touches a rib or tissue adhesion, the tip of the needle may only contact the surface of the tissue, such as the rib periosteum and adhesion fibers, and has not penetrated or caused substantial damage. Compared with traditional punctures, it relies on the sense of touch to perceive the resistance, but medical staff with insufficient experience may misjudge the pressure and continue to push forward;

[0041] When the puncture needle 2 retracts into the fixed cylinder 1, the medical staff immediately stops the current puncture operation according to the alarm, and quickly checks the pressure data fed back by the first pressure sensor 62 to the PLC controller 9 to understand the specific value of the resistance suffered by the puncture needle 2. Then, based on the data viewed and the specific condition and imaging data of the patient, etc., carefully adjust the puncture angle or reselect the puncture position. For example, if the puncture needle 2 is blocked by hitting a rib, the needle insertion angle can be appropriately changed to avoid the rib. If it encounters a hard tissue adhesion site, after comprehensive evaluation, consider slightly moving the puncture point to find a more suitable puncture path. When adjusting, the movement should be gentle and slow to avoid causing new risks due to large-scale movements (when adjusting the puncture angle or reselecting the puncture position, it is necessary to pull the fixed cylinder 1 outward, so that the part of the puncture needle 2 retracted into the fixed cylinder 1 is moved out. Due to the elastic force of the first spring 613 acting between the sleeve 611 and the moving rod 612, the transmission of the elastic force facilitates the medical staff to move the puncture needle 2 out of the interior of the fixed cylinder 1. After the puncture needle 2 is reset, the medical staff manually operates the PLC controller 9, turns on the power supply of the electromagnetic lock shaft 614 through the control circuit and locks the moving rod 612 again), until the medical staff successfully completes the puncture operation, and the medical staff can obtain the sample;

[0042] When the medical staff determines that it is necessary to aspirate the effusion or gas in the chest cavity according to the patient's condition, the electric push rod 72 is started by manually operating the PLC controller 9. When the electric push rod 72 performs a retraction action, it drives the suction piston 73 to move in the fixed cylinder 1. As the suction piston 73 moves, a negative pressure environment gradually forms inside the puncture needle 2 and inside the rubber hose 4. Under the action of the negative pressure, the effusion or gas in the chest cavity is sucked into the fixed cylinder 1 through the puncture needle 2 and the rubber hose 4. During the process of the effusion or gas flowing through the interior of the puncture needle 2, the second pressure sensor 71 installed on the outer wall of the puncture needle 2 will monitor the pressure magnitude in real time. The second pressure sensor 71 converts the detected pressure value into an electrical signal and sends it to the PLC controller 9. After receiving these electrical signals, the PLC controller 9 will accurately control the running speed and stroke of the electric push rod 72 according to the pressure change situation. In the chest puncture aspiration operation, to ensure the safety of the patient, reduce complications and ensure the accuracy of sample test analysis, the aspiration pressure needs to be controlled within a relatively safe negative pressure range, and this range is set to -20 to -50 mmHg. Through the intelligent regulation of the PLC controller 9, it can effectively avoid excessive aspiration force, prevent strong traction on the tissues in the chest cavity, maintain the pressure balance in the chest cavity, and at the same time avoid damaging the cell morphology in the effusion, ensuring the reliability of the subsequent test analysis results of the effusion sample;

[0043] During the aspiration of pleural effusion or gas, if the puncture needle 2 becomes blocked, the pressure at the tail of the puncture needle 2 will decrease significantly. At this time, the second pressure sensor 71 installed at the tail of the puncture needle 2 can sensitively detect this abnormal pressure change and quickly feedback the relevant signal to the PLC controller 9. After receiving the feedback signal, the PLC controller 9 will immediately make corresponding controls to close the first electromagnetic normally open valve 84, open the second electromagnetic normally closed valve 85 at the same time, and control the electric push rod 72 to perform an extension action. When the electric push rod 72 extends, it will drive the suction piston 73 to move inside the fixed cylinder 1, reverse-push the originally inhaled effusion or gas inside the fixed cylinder 1, so that it flows into the rubber hose 4 and the inside of the puncture needle 2 in sequence, and then is discharged into the hollow moving disc 5 through the liquid inlet pipe 82. When the effusion or gas enters the hollow moving disc 5, it will generate a thrust on the extrusion piston 81. Under the action of this thrust, the extrusion piston 81 overcomes the elastic force of the second spring 87 and moves towards the direction close to the liquid outlet pipe 83. As the extrusion piston 81 moves, the flushing physiological saline stored inside the hollow moving disc 5 is squeezed out and enters the liquid outlet pipe 83, and finally flows into the puncture needle 2. Through this reverse flushing method, the foreign matter blocking the puncture needle 2 can be effectively removed, and the blockage of the puncture needle 2 can be cleared (the reverse flushing can form a pressure difference before and after the blockage, so that the flushing liquid impacts the blockage, disperses and displaces it. At the same time, the flushing physiological saline can dilute and dissolve part of the blockage, reduce its viscosity and volume, and moreover, the scouring force of the water flow can also destroy the attachment structure between the blockage and the needle wall, so that it detaches from the needle wall and is finally discharged with the flushing liquid, restoring the patency of the puncture needle 2). After the flushing is completed, the medical staff manually operate the PLC controller 9 to reopen the first electromagnetic normally open valve 84 and close the second electromagnetic normally closed valve 85, so that the puncture device returns to the normal aspiration state, and the medical staff can continue the aspiration operation of pleural effusion or gas;

[0044] After the aspiration of pleural effusion or gas is completed, the medical staff pull out the puncture needle 2 and manually operate the PLC controller 9 to control the electric push rod 72 to perform an extension action, so that the suction piston 73 discharges the effusion or gas inside the fixed cylinder 1 through the puncture needle 2. Since there will be residual pleural effusion or gas inside the hollow moving disc 5 during the reverse flushing and dredging process, the medical staff only need to turn the front end of the fixed cylinder 1 upward and the tail downward, then control the electric push rod 72 to retract, close the first electromagnetic normally open valve 84 and open the second electromagnetic normally closed valve 85, and suck out and clean the residual pleural effusion or gas inside the hollow moving disc 5.

[0045] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A puncture device for thoracic surgery, comprising a fixing cylinder (1) and a puncture needle (2), wherein the puncture needle (2) is slidably arranged at the front end of the fixing cylinder (1), and is characterized in that, Further comprising: A fixed disk (3), threadedly arranged in the middle of the fixed cylinder (1), one end of the puncture needle (2) extends into the interior of the fixed cylinder (1) and is fixedly provided with a rubber hose (4), and one end of the rubber hose (4) is fixedly connected to the middle of the fixed disk (3); A hollow movable disk (5), fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the puncture needle (2), and the hollow movable disk (5) is located inside the fixed cylinder (1); An automatic retraction mechanism (6), between the fixed disk (3) and the hollow movable disk (5), and the automatic retraction mechanism (6) is used to retract the puncture needle (2); A pressure monitoring and suction mechanism (7), arranged inside the fixed cylinder (1) and on the puncture needle (2), and the pressure monitoring and suction mechanism (7) can perform stable pressure suction; A reverse dredging and flushing mechanism (8), arranged inside the hollow movable disk (5), and the reverse dredging and flushing mechanism (8) cooperates with the pressure monitoring and suction mechanism (7) to dredge the inside of the puncture needle (2); A PLC controller (9), arranged on the outer wall of the fixed cylinder (1), and the automatic retraction mechanism (6), the pressure monitoring and suction mechanism (7) and the reverse dredging and flushing mechanism (8) are all electrically connected to the PLC controller (9).

2. The puncture device for thoracic surgery according to claim 1, wherein The automatic retraction mechanism (6) includes two elastic retraction telescopic rods (61), the two elastic retraction telescopic rods (61) are symmetrically arranged up and down between the fixed disk (3) and the hollow movable disk (5), one end of each of the two elastic retraction telescopic rods (61) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed disk (3), and the other end of each of the two elastic retraction telescopic rods (61) is fixedly provided with a first pressure sensor (62), and the first pressure sensor (62) is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the hollow movable disk (5).

3. The puncture device for thoracic surgery according to claim 2, wherein, The elastic retraction telescopic rod (61) includes a sleeve (611) fixedly arranged on the side wall of the fixed disk (3), a movable rod (612) is arranged inside the sleeve (611), a first spring (613) is fixedly arranged between one end of the movable rod (612) and the inner wall of the sleeve (611), and the other end of the movable rod (612) extends outside the sleeve (611) and is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first pressure sensor (62), and an electromagnetic locking shaft device (614) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve (611), and the rod wall of the movable rod (612) passes through the inside of the electromagnetic locking shaft device (614).

4. A puncture device for thoracic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure monitoring and suction mechanism (7) includes a second pressure sensor (71) fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the puncture needle (2), the detection end of the second pressure sensor (71) extends into the interior of the puncture needle (2), and the second pressure sensor (71) is located on one side of the hollow movable disk (5), an electric push rod (72) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the tail of the fixed cylinder (1), the movable end of the electric push rod (72) is fixedly provided with a suction piston (73), and the suction piston (73) is slidably arranged inside the fixed cylinder (1).

5. A puncture device for thoracic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reverse dredging and flushing mechanism (8) includes a squeezing piston (81) slidably disposed inside the hollow moving disk (5). Flushing physiological saline is stored inside the hollow moving disk (5) on one side of the squeezing piston (81). An inlet pipe (82) and an outlet pipe (83) are respectively and fixedly provided on both sides of the hollow moving disk (5). One ends of the inlet pipe (82) and the outlet pipe (83) away from the hollow moving disk (5) are both fixedly connected to the puncture needle (2). A first electromagnetic normally open valve (84) is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the puncture needle (2) between the hollow moving disk (5) and the inlet pipe (82). A second electromagnetic normally closed valve (85) is provided on the pipe wall of the outlet pipe (83).

6. The puncture device for thoracic surgery according to claim 5, characterized in that, Two telescopic sleeves (86) are symmetrically and fixedly provided between one side of the squeezing piston (81) and the inner wall of the hollow moving disk (5). The pipe walls of the two telescopic sleeves (86) are both sleeved with second springs (87), and the two ends of the second springs (87) are respectively fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the hollow moving disk (5) and the side wall of the squeezing piston (81). A liquid replenishing port (88) is fixedly provided on the side wall of the hollow moving disk (5), and a sealing plug is provided inside the liquid replenishing port (88).

7. A puncture device for thoracic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front end of the fixed cylinder (1) is arranged in a frustum shape, and a sliding seal sleeve is fixedly embedded at the front end of the fixed cylinder (1). The outer wall of the puncture needle (2) slidably passes through the inside of the sliding seal sleeve.

8. A puncture device for thoracic surgery according to claim 4, characterized in that, The tail of the fixed cylinder (1) is provided with an opening, and a cylinder cover (10) is threadedly provided at the opening. A handle (11) is fixedly provided on the side wall of the cylinder cover (10). The electric push rod (72) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the cylinder cover (10).

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