Vehicle power system based on variable-volume solid hydrogen pool and control method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle power, in particular to a vehicle power system based on a variable-volume solid hydrogen pool and a control method.The vehicle power system comprises a power driving module, a power battery module, a solid hydrogen pool module and a whole vehicle control module, and the power battery module comprises a hydrogen fuel power battery and a pure electric power battery; the solid hydrogen pool module comprises a material supply unit, a plurality of hydrogen release units, a tailing unit and a hydrogen supply unit, each hydrogen release unit comprises a hydrogen release pool, a separator and a driving part, the separator is driven by the driving part to move and dynamically increases or decreases the volume of the reaction chamber, each hydrogen release pool is connected with the hydrogen conveying side of the hydrogen fuel power battery, and the tailing unit is connected with the hydrogen supply unit. The tail drainage end of the hydrogen fuel power battery is connected with the water tank, and the whole vehicle control module controls the modules to operate dynamically in a closed-loop mode according to the power requirement of a target vehicle. According to the device, hydrogen fusion can be controlled, so that hydrogen release by adding water becomes possible, the hydrogen storage density is greatly improved, and the cruising ability of a vehicle power system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of vehicle power technology, and in particular to a vehicle power system and control method based on a variable-volume solid-state hydrogen pool. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen, a renewable secondary energy source, has attracted widespread attention due to its pollution-free and environmentally friendly process products during energy conversion and utilization. In particular, in the automotive sector, it is being used in hydrogen fuel cell-based power systems as a new energy carrier that can replace traditional fossil fuels. Within a hydrogen fuel cell engine system, hydrogen and oxygen react under the action of an electrochemical catalyst, releasing electricity and heat. The electricity is used to drive the vehicle, while the heat is dissipated through an external heat sink. During this process, hydrogen's low density often results in a low storage density. To achieve the long-range driving goals of on-board hydrogen fuel cell power cells, the pressure of the vehicle's hydrogen storage system continues to increase, and the energy required for pressurization is constantly increasing. These issues result in significant energy consumption for energy storage and conversion. Even if hydrogen can be compressed to 35 MPa or 70 MPa, the storage density still cannot meet the long-range requirements of commercial heavy-duty trucks. Therefore, a power system with high density, high reliability, high safety, and high efficiency in hydrogen release is urgently needed to meet the long-range requirements of commercial heavy-duty trucks. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a vehicle power system and control method based on a variable volume solid-state hydrogen pool, so as to solve the problem that the power system using on-board hydrogen fuel cell power cells in the prior art cannot meet the long-range requirements of commercial heavy-duty trucks.

[0004] The present invention discloses a vehicle power system based on a variable volume solid hydrogen pool, comprising: A power drive module is used to provide driving force for the vehicle; A power battery module, comprising a hydrogen fuel cell power battery and a pure electric cell power battery, wherein the hydrogen fuel cell power battery and the pure electric cell power battery are respectively connected to the power drive module; A solid-state hydrogen pool module comprises a feeding unit, multiple hydrogen release units, a tail unit and a hydrogen supply unit, wherein the feeding unit comprises a storage bin and a water tank, wherein the storage bin is pre-stored with solid-state hydrogen storage material, the hydrogen release unit comprises a hydrogen release pool, and a separator and a driving member arranged in the hydrogen release pool, wherein the separator separates the internal space of the hydrogen release pool into an independent and closed reaction chamber, the driving member is connected to the separator, and the separator is driven by the driving member to move in the hydrogen release pool and dynamically increase or decrease the volume of the internal space of the reaction chamber, the storage bin and the water tank are respectively connected to multiple hydrogen release pools, and the reaction chamber in each hydrogen release pool is connected to the hydrogen transmission side of the hydrogen fuel cell through the hydrogen supply unit, and the tail discharge end of the hydrogen fuel cell is connected to the water tank; The vehicle control module is respectively connected to the power drive module, the power battery module, and the solid-state hydrogen pool module for closed-loop control of the dynamic operation of each module according to the power requirements of the target vehicle.

[0005] Optionally, a feed inlet, a water inlet, a hydrogen discharge port and a tail material discharge port are respectively provided on the shell of the hydrogen release cell, and independent electrically controlled valves are respectively provided in the feed inlet, the water inlet, the hydrogen discharge port and the tail material discharge port; The storage bin is connected to the feed port through a raw material conveying pipeline, the water tank is connected to the water inlet through a water supply pipeline, the tail material unit is connected to the tail material discharge port through a tail discharge conveying pipeline, and the hydrogen supply unit is respectively connected to the hydrogen discharge port on each of the hydrogen release pools through a hydrogen discharge pipeline. The raw material conveying pipeline, the water supply pipeline, the tail discharge conveying pipeline and the hydrogen discharge pipeline are all provided with a conveying pump.

[0006] Optionally, the feeding unit, the plurality of hydrogen release units, and the tailing unit are sequentially connected in series, and different reaction temperatures and catalysts are configured in the reaction chambers corresponding to the hydrogen release units, so as to form a multi-stage hydrogen release pool with increasing reaction rate along the direction from the feeding unit to the tailing unit, and the unreacted substances and tailings in the hydrogen release pool of the previous stage can be pushed into the hydrogen release pool of the next stage by the continuous movement of the separator; The storage bin is connected to the feed port on the first-stage hydrogen release pool, the water tank is connected to the water inlet on the first-stage hydrogen release pool, the tail material unit is connected to the tail material outlet on the last-stage hydrogen release pool, and the tail material outlet on the upper-stage hydrogen release pool is connected to the feed port on the lower-stage hydrogen release pool.

[0007] Optionally, the feeding unit and the tailing unit are respectively connected to each of the hydrogen releasing units, so that a plurality of the hydrogen releasing units are arranged in parallel, and the reaction chamber corresponding to each of the hydrogen releasing units is configured with the same reaction temperature and catalyst; The storage bin is connected to the feed port on each hydrogen release pool, the water tank is connected to the water inlet on each hydrogen release pool, and the tail material unit is connected to the tail material outlet on each hydrogen release pool.

[0008] Optionally, the vehicle power system further includes a monitoring unit and a thermal management unit, the monitoring unit including a first pressure sensor and a temperature sensor disposed in the reaction chamber, the first pressure sensor being controlled in linkage with the driving component through the vehicle control module; The thermal management unit includes an external heat dissipation component and an internal heat dissipation component, the external heat dissipation component includes a heat dissipation water jacket, a coolant compensation tank and a first medium pump, the heat dissipation water jacket is arranged on the outer shell of the hydrogen release pool, the liquid outlet of the heat dissipation water jacket is connected to the liquid inlet of the coolant compensation tank, and the liquid inlet of the heat dissipation water jacket is connected to the liquid outlet of the coolant compensation tank, the first medium pump is arranged on the pipeline connecting the liquid inlet of the heat dissipation water jacket and the liquid outlet of the coolant compensation tank, the internal heat dissipation component includes a cold liquid pipeline and a second medium pump arranged in the hydrogen release pool, the liquid inlet of the cold liquid pipeline is connected to the liquid outlet of the coolant compensation tank, and the liquid outlet of the cold liquid pipeline is connected to the liquid inlet of the coolant compensation tank, the second medium pump is arranged on the pipeline connecting the liquid inlet of the cold liquid pipeline and the liquid outlet of the coolant compensation tank, and the temperature sensor is linked to the first medium pump and the second medium pump through the vehicle control module respectively; The thermal management unit also includes a radiator and a heat exchanger. The liquid inlet of the coolant compensation tank is connected to the liquid outlet of the heat dissipation water jacket and the cold liquid pipeline respectively through the radiator. A first medium heat exchange pipeline is arranged between the heat exchanger and the pipeline on the liquid inlet side of the coolant compensation tank, and a first solenoid valve is arranged on the first medium heat exchange pipeline. A second medium heat exchange pipeline is arranged between the heat exchanger and the electrochemical reaction chamber of the hydrogen fuel power cell, and a second solenoid valve is arranged on the second medium heat exchange pipeline.

[0009] Optionally, the shell of the hydrogen release pool is a columnar structure, the separator is cooperatively arranged in the hydrogen release pool, and divides the internal space of the hydrogen release pool into the relatively closed reaction chamber and the driving chamber from top to bottom, the upper surface of the separator is a conical structure with a concave middle portion, and a sealing ring is provided on the outer wall of the separator to fit the inner wall of the hydrogen release pool, and the driving member is a linear driving mechanism provided in the driving chamber, which is used to drive the separator to move up and down in the vertical direction; The feed inlet, the water inlet, the hydrogen discharge port, and the tail material discharge port are all arranged at the top of the hydrogen release pool housing and are respectively communicated with the reaction chamber. The cold liquid pipeline is embedded on the inner wall of the reaction chamber, and the cold liquid pipeline is arranged in a spiral shape along the vertical direction.

[0010] Optionally, the cross-section of the hydrogen release pool housing is in an oval structure. The partition is arranged in the hydrogen release pool in a matching manner. The cross-section of the partition is in a triangular structure, and the internal space of the hydrogen release pool is divided into a relatively closed feed chamber, the reaction chamber, and a tail discharge chamber along the circumferential direction of its cross-section. The three outer side walls of the partition are all outwardly convex arc-shaped structures, and a plurality of reaction grooves are arranged on the arc surface of the partition. Sealing strips that fit the inner wall of the hydrogen release pool are respectively arranged at the three top corners of the partition. The driving member is a magnetic gear arranged in the middle of the hydrogen release pool and internally provided with a magnetic source. The central axis of the magnetic gear is perpendicular to the cross-section of the partition. A toothed ring is arranged on the partition, and the magnetic gear is meshed with the toothed ring to drive the arc surface of the partition to rotate into different chambers in sequence. The feed chamber and the tail discharge chamber are located on the same side of the hydrogen release pool. The feed chamber is located at the upper part of the hydrogen release pool, and the feed inlet is communicated with the feed chamber. The tail discharge chamber is located at the lower part of the hydrogen release pool, and the tail material discharge port is communicated with the tail discharge chamber. The water inlet and the hydrogen discharge port are respectively communicated with the reaction chamber, and the cold liquid pipeline extends along the central axis of the magnetic gear.

[0011] Optionally, the hydrogen supply unit includes a hydrogen storage and release tank and a hydrogen supply adjustment component. A solid hydrogen storage layer is arranged on the inner wall of the hydrogen storage and release tank. An electric heater is arranged in the hydrogen storage and release tank for heating up to release the hydrogen stored on the solid hydrogen storage layer. The hydrogen supply adjustment component includes a hydrogen transmission pipeline, and a stop valve, a main valve, and a safety valve arranged on the hydrogen transmission pipeline. The hydrogen storage and release tank is connected to the hydrogen input side of the hydrogen fuel power battery through the hydrogen transmission pipeline, and a second pressure sensor is arranged on the gas outlet side of the hydrogen storage and release tank.

[0012] Optionally, a recycling component is provided between the tail water discharge end of the hydrogen fuel power cell and the water tank, and the recycling component includes a first steam-water separator and a second steam-water separator. The first steam-water separator is connected to the anode reaction side of the hydrogen fuel power cell and is used to draw out unreacted water vapor in the anode of the hydrogen fuel power cell. The second steam-water separator is connected to the cathode product side of the hydrogen fuel power cell and is used to draw out the reaction products in the cathode of the hydrogen fuel power cell. The separated liquid outlets of the first steam-water separator and the second steam-water separator are both connected to the water tank.

[0013] The present invention also discloses a control method for controlling the above-mentioned vehicle power system based on a variable volume solid hydrogen tank, the control method comprising: In response to the target vehicle being powered on in standby mode, real-time acquisition of the current operating state of the target vehicle and the output power of the power drive module; Analyzing and determining the power demand of the power drive module based on the acquired working state and output power, and calculating and obtaining the hydrogen consumption demand of the hydrogen fuel cell at the current moment based on the determined power demand; According to the hydrogen consumption demand of the hydrogen fuel cell at a current moment, the solid hydrogen storage material in the storage bin and the water in the water tank are controlled to be injected into the reaction chamber of the hydrogen release pool to perform a hydrogen release reaction, and according to the hydrogen consumption demand of the hydrogen fuel cell at a current moment and a previous moment, the demand change rate of the hydrogen fuel cell at a current moment is calculated; An ideal hydrogen release amount is calculated by collecting and obtaining the injection amount of the solid-state hydrogen storage material from the storage bin into the reaction chamber, and combining the chemical composition of the solid-state hydrogen storage material to obtain the ideal hydrogen release amount. An actual hydrogen release amount is determined by collecting and obtaining the volume of hydrogen produced in the reaction chamber at the current moment. The hydrogen release efficiency in the reaction chamber at the current moment is calculated based on the determined actual hydrogen release amount and the calculated ideal hydrogen release amount. The hydrogen release efficiency in the reaction chamber at the current moment is compared with the demand change rate of the hydrogen fuel cell at the current moment. If the hydrogen release efficiency is greater than the hydrogen consumption efficiency, the internal space of the reaction chamber is dynamically increased by controlling the driving member to drive the partition to move. If the hydrogen release efficiency is less than the hydrogen consumption efficiency, the internal space of the reaction chamber is dynamically reduced by controlling the driving member to drive the partition to move.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the vehicle power system and control method based on a variable volume solid hydrogen pool provided by the embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages: By constructing a vehicle power system that is hybrid-powered by a hydrogen fuel power battery and a pure electric power battery, and arranging a solid hydrogen cell module for the hydrogen fuel power battery, a driving member is used to drive a partition member to move in a hydrogen release pool. By changing the position or angle of the partition member, the internal space of the reaction chamber separated in the hydrogen release pool can be dynamically increased or decreased in volume to form a reaction chamber with a variable volume. And the reaction chamber is connected to the hydrogen input side of the hydrogen fuel power battery through a hydrogen supply unit. According to the hydrogen consumption demand of the hydrogen fuel power battery, the internal space of the reaction chamber can be dynamically increased in volume to reduce the contact pressure between the solid hydrogen storage material and water, thereby slowing down the hydrogen release reaction rate, or the internal space of the reaction chamber can be dynamically decreased in volume to increase the contact pressure between the solid hydrogen storage material and water, thereby accelerating the hydrogen release reaction rate. In this way, controllable hydrogen fusion is achieved to make hydrogen release by adding water possible, and the hydrogen storage density can be greatly improved. In addition, by combining the tail drain water of the hydrogen fuel power battery to be recycled to the water hydrolysis hydrogen release, hydrogen atoms in the tail drain water can be reused for hydrogen release, which can double the power generation efficiency of the hydrogen fuel power battery, and then greatly increase the endurance of the vehicle power system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. In the drawings: Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the vehicle power system provided by the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of multiple hydrogen release units in series for hydrogen release provided by the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hydrogen release pool provided by the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of multiple hydrogen release units in parallel for hydrogen release provided by the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the thermal management unit and the reuse unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hydrogen release pool with an elliptical cross-sectional structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] The reference signs in the drawings are shown as follows: 1. Power drive module; 2. Hydrogen fuel power battery; 21. First steam-water separator; 22. Second steam-water separator; 3. Pure electric power battery; 4. Feeding unit; 41. Storage bin; 42. Water tank; 5. Hydrogen release unit; 51. Hydrogen release pool; 511. Reaction chamber; 512. Feed inlet; 513. Water inlet; 514. Hydrogen discharge port; 515. Tail material discharge port; 516. Driving chamber; 52. Partition; 521. Sealing ring; 522. Sealing strip; 523. Gear ring; 53. Driving member; 6. Tail material unit; 7. Hydrogen supply unit; 71. Hydrogen storage and release tank; 72. Electric heater; 73. Cut-off valve; 74. Main valve; 75. Safety valve; 8. Vehicle control module; 9. Thermal management unit; 91. Radiator water jacket; 92. Coolant compensation tank; 93. First medium pump; 94. Cold liquid pipeline; 95. Second medium pump; 96. Radiator; 97. Heat exchanger; 971. First medium heat exchange pipeline; 972. First solenoid valve; 973. Second medium heat exchange pipeline; 974. Second solenoid valve. Detailed implementation mode

[0017] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Now, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

[0018] The present invention discloses a vehicle power system based on a variable-volume solid hydrogen pool, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, including: A power drive module 1 for providing driving force for vehicle travel; A power battery module, including a hydrogen fuel power battery 2 and a pure electric power battery 3, the hydrogen fuel power battery 2 and the pure electric power battery 3 are respectively connected to the power drive module 1; A solid hydrogen pool module, including a feeding unit 4, a plurality of hydrogen release units 5, a tail material unit 6 and a hydrogen supply unit 7. The feeding unit 4 includes a storage bin 41 and a water tank 42. The storage bin 41 pre-stores solid hydrogen storage materials. The hydrogen release unit 5 includes a hydrogen release pool 51, and a partition 52 and a driving member 53 arranged in the hydrogen release pool 51. The partition 52 divides the internal space of the hydrogen release pool 51 into independent and closed reaction chambers 511. The driving member 53 is connected to the partition 52. The partition 52 moves in the hydrogen release pool 51 under the drive of the driving member 53, and dynamically increases or decreases the internal space of the reaction chamber 511. The storage bin 41 and the water tank 42 are respectively connected to a plurality of hydrogen release pools 51, and the reaction chambers 511 in each hydrogen release pool 51 are connected to the hydrogen input side of the hydrogen fuel power battery 2 through the hydrogen supply unit 7. The tail water end of the hydrogen fuel power battery 2 is connected to the water tank 42; The vehicle control module 8 is respectively connected to the power drive module 1, the power battery module, and the solid-state hydrogen pool module for closed-loop control of the dynamic operation of each module according to the power requirements of the target vehicle.

[0019] By implementing the above-described vehicle power system embodiment, a vehicle power system is constructed that is hybrid-powered by a hydrogen fuel cell 2 and a pure electric power cell 3. A solid-state hydrogen pool module is deployed for the hydrogen fuel cell 2, and solid-state hydrogen storage materials are used to replace traditional high-pressure hydrogen storage tanks, thereby increasing the hydrogen storage density of the entire system. The solid-state hydrogen storage material and water are respectively injected into the reaction chamber 511 of the hydrogen release unit 5 for a hydrolysis-hydrogenation reaction. The hydrogen gas released by the hydrolysis is transported by the hydrogen supply unit 7 to the hydrogen fuel cell 2 for an electrochemical reaction, thereby ensuring that the hydrogen fuel cell 2 stably supplies power to the drive module. On this basis, the driving member 53 is used to drive the separator 52 to move within the hydrogen release pool 51. By changing the position or angle of the separator 52, the internal space of the reaction chamber 511 separated by the hydrogen release pool 51 can be dynamically increased or decreased to form a reaction chamber 511 with a variable volume. The reaction chamber 511 is connected to the hydrogen supply side of the hydrogen fuel cell 2 through the hydrogen supply unit 7. According to the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen fuel cell 2, the internal space of the reaction chamber 511 can be dynamically increased to reduce the contact pressure between the solid hydrogen storage material and water, thereby slowing down the hydrogen release reaction rate, or the internal space of the reaction chamber 511 can be dynamically reduced to increase the contact pressure between the solid hydrogen storage material and water, thereby accelerating the hydrogen release reaction rate. In this way, precise control of the hydrogen release rate is achieved, and the release of hydrogen by adding water is made possible through controllable hydrogen fusion, which can further significantly increase the hydrogen storage density of the entire system. This dynamic adjustment mechanism highly matches the hydrogen supply with the real-time power demand of the hydrogen fuel cell 2, can reduce the "hydrogen starvation" or "hydrogen accumulation" phenomenon of the hydrogen fuel cell 2 caused by hydrogen supply fluctuations, significantly improve its electrochemical reaction efficiency, and extend the life of the hydrogen fuel cell 2. In addition, the redundant design of multiple hydrogen release units 5 makes the system fault-tolerant, and can still maintain a stable hydrogen supply capacity when a single hydrogen release unit 5 fails. The tailings unit 6 includes a tailings storage box.

[0020] Preferably, the solid-state hydrogen storage material is a high hydrogen storage density hydrogen storage material, including reversible hydrogen storage materials, or irreversible hydrogen storage materials, including metal hydrogen storage materials and non-metal hydrogen storage materials, mainly high hydrogen storage density hydrogen storage materials that can release hydrogen by adding water. For example, metal materials such as magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), aluminum (Al), hydrogen storage alloys, inorganic ionic compound hydrogen storage materials, carbonaceous hydrogen storage materials, metal organic framework compound hydrogen storage materials, etc. Hydrogen storage alloys include binary, ternary and multi-element systems, such as lithium hydride (LiH), sodium hydride (NaH), potassium hydride (KH), magnesium dihydride (MgH2O), etc. ), calcium dihydride ( )、Aluminum hydride( ) etc.; Inorganic ionic compound hydrogen storage materials mainly include coordinated hydrides and amino compounds, such as sodium aluminum tetrahydride ( )、lithium borohydride( ) and ammonia borane are both hydrogen storage materials with relatively high hydrogen storage density.

[0021] Furthermore, the intelligent coupling control of hydrogen fuel cell 2 and pure electric power battery 3 enables millisecond-level switching of the dual energy system through the vehicle control module 8. Hydrogen fuel cell 2 serves as the steady-state energy supply core, maintaining efficient power generation through a stable hydrogen supply; pure electric power battery 3 rapidly responds to transient power fluctuations (such as during start-stop phases). On-demand hydrogen supply based on the variable-volume reaction chamber 511 further reduces the number of starts and stops of hydrogen fuel cell 2, allowing both battery operating ranges to approach their optimal efficiency points, thereby improving the output power of the entire vehicle power system. This allows the entire system to intelligently allocate the ratio of hydrogen and electric energy based on road conditions. In long-range driving scenarios, hydrogen fuel cell 2 is prioritized for continuous power supply, significantly improving the overall range compared to vehicles equipped with traditional hydrogen fuel cell 2. In emergency driving conditions, pure electric power battery 3 intervenes to reduce peak hydrogen fuel consumption, further extending driving range. Preferably, the solid-state hydrogen cell module is an integrated quick-release module that can be quickly replaced, significantly shortening recharging time compared to traditional charging methods.

[0022] As described above, the embodiment of the present invention also circulates the tail water of the hydrogen fuel cell 2 to the water tank 42 to fully utilize the water produced by the electrochemical reaction of the hydrogen fuel cell 2, thereby achieving closed-loop utilization of water resources and reducing the need for external water replenishment. By reusing the hydrogen atoms in the tail water to release hydrogen, the power generation efficiency of the hydrogen fuel cell 2 can be doubled, thereby significantly increasing the endurance of the vehicle power system. Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention constructs a hydrogen-electric hybrid system with high hydrogen storage density, high response, high safety, and long endurance through dynamic regulation of hydrogen supply and coordinated control of multiple energy sources, providing a systematic solution to the performance bottleneck of electric vehicles.

[0023] Further, combined with Figure 3 As shown, the shell of the hydrogen release pool 51 is respectively provided with a feed port 512, a water inlet 513, a hydrogen discharge port 514 and a tail discharge port 515, and the feed port 512, the water inlet 513, the hydrogen discharge port 514 and the tail discharge port 515 are respectively provided with independent electronically controlled valves; The storage bin 41 is connected to the feed port 512 through a raw material conveying pipeline, the water tank 42 is connected to the water inlet 513 through a water supply pipeline, the tail material unit 6 is connected to the tail material discharge port 515 through a tail discharge conveying pipeline, and the hydrogen supply unit 7 is respectively connected to the hydrogen discharge port 514 on each hydrogen release pool 51 through a hydrogen discharge pipeline. The raw material conveying pipeline, water supply pipeline, tail discharge conveying pipeline and hydrogen discharge pipeline are all equipped with conveying pumps.

[0024] Through the implementation of the above embodiments of the vehicle power system, by using the independently electrically controlled valves in the feed inlet 512, water inlet 513, hydrogen discharge port 514, and tailing discharge port 515, physical isolation and timing decoupling of several processes such as feeding of solid hydrogen storage materials, triggering of reactions by water injection, hydrogen output, and discharge of tailings can be achieved. For example: when rapid hydrogen release is required, the valves in the feed inlet 512 and water inlet 513 can be synchronously opened, and through the boosting of the corresponding delivery pumps, the solid hydrogen storage materials and water can be injected into the reaction chamber 511 of the hydrogen release unit 5 at a preset ratio for high-speed mixing, so as to assist in controlling the rate of the hydrogen release reaction by controlling the amount of water injected; after the reaction is completed, the valve in the water inlet 513 is preferentially closed to prevent over-injection, and then the valve in the tailing discharge port 515 is started to empty the waste residue, thereby ensuring the precise matching of the hydrogen release rate and the demand of the hydrogen fuel power battery 2.

[0025] Further, looking back Figure 2 , the feeding unit 4, multiple hydrogen release units 5, and tailing unit 6 are connected in series in sequence, and different reaction temperatures and catalysts are configured in the reaction chambers 511 corresponding to each hydrogen release unit 5 to form a multi-stage hydrogen release pool 51 with an increasing reaction rate in the direction from the feeding unit 4 to the tailing unit 6. The unreacted substances and tailings in the upper-stage hydrogen release pool 51 can be pushed into the lower-stage hydrogen release pool 51 through the continuous movement of the partition member 52; The storage bin 41 is connected to the feed inlet 512 on the first-stage hydrogen release pool 51, the water tank 42 is connected to the water inlet 513 on the first-stage hydrogen release pool 51, the tailing unit 6 is connected to the tailing discharge port 515 on the last-stage hydrogen release pool 51, and the tailing discharge port 515 on the upper-stage hydrogen release pool 51 is connected to the feed inlet 512 on the lower-stage hydrogen release pool 51.

[0026] Through the implementation of the above embodiments of the vehicle power system, by configuring different temperature gradients and special catalysts in the series-connected multiple hydrogen release units 5, and based on the fact that the unreacted substances and tailings in the upper-stage hydrogen release pool 51 can be pushed into the lower-stage hydrogen release pool 51 through the continuous movement of the partition member 52 to form a gradually accelerating hydrogen release reaction path, the hydrogen conversion rate of the solid hydrogen storage materials can be greatly improved, and the hydrogen supply of the solid hydrogen pool module can be dynamically matched with the demand of the hydrogen fuel power battery 2.

[0027] Taking three hydrogen release units 5 connected in series as an example: the temperature in the reaction chamber 511 of the primary hydrogen release cell 51 is 80 °C, and the catalyst is nickel-based; the temperature in the reaction chamber 511 of the secondary hydrogen release cell 51 is 120 °C, and the catalyst is ruthenium-based; the temperature in the reaction chamber 511 of the final hydrogen release cell 51 is 150 °C, and the catalyst is platinum-based. The primary low-temperature region initiates the basic hydrogen release by hydrolyzing the solid hydrogen storage material, the secondary medium-temperature region enhances the reaction degree of hydrolysis, and the final high-temperature region completely releases the stored hydrogen in the solid hydrogen storage material. Under this reaction path, the hydrogen conversion rate of the solid hydrogen storage material is significantly improved compared with the single-stage reaction, and the hydrogen purity at the outlet of the final reaction chamber 511 is high.

[0028] When the target vehicle is in a low-load condition (such as driving at a constant speed): the first two low-temperature reaction chambers 511 (80 - 120 °C) are sequentially started, and the nickel-based / ruthenium-based catalyst is used to release hydrogen gently, and the hydrogen supply rate is stably matched with the basic load of the hydrogen fuel power battery 2, and the system comprehensive efficiency is improved; When the target vehicle is in a high-load condition (such as rapid acceleration): the unreacted substances and tailings are pushed into the reaction chamber 511 of the final hydrogen release cell 51 through the partition 52 in the secondary hydrogen release cell 51, and the final high-temperature chamber (150 °C) is instantaneously activated. The platinum-based catalyst quickly decomposes the remaining unreacted substances, and the hydrogen supply rate jumps significantly to match the battery stack voltage feedback of the hydrogen fuel power battery 2, and its power response time is shortened to avoid power lag.

[0029] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 4 Figure [Figure number not provided in the original, so it's left as is], the feeding unit 4 and the tailing unit 6 are respectively connected to each hydrogen release unit 5, so that multiple hydrogen release units 5 are arranged in parallel, and the reaction temperature and catalyst configured in the corresponding reaction chamber 511 of each hydrogen release unit 5 are the same; The storage bin 41 is respectively connected to the feed inlet 512 on each hydrogen release cell 51, the water tank 42 is respectively connected to the water inlet 513 on each hydrogen release cell 51, and the tailing unit 6 is respectively connected to the tailing discharge port 515 on each hydrogen release cell 51.

[0030] Through the implementation of the above vehicle power system embodiment, different from the structural form of multiple hydrogen release units 5 connected in series, the embodiment of the present invention arranges multiple hydrogen release units 5 in parallel, and the storage bin 41 and the water tank 42 supply materials to the reaction chamber 511 of each hydrogen release unit 5 separately. Thus, in the same hydrogen release environment (reaction temperature and catalyst), based on the linear superposition hydrogen supply mechanism, by real-time calculating the power demand of the hydrogen fuel power battery 2, the vehicle control module 8 dynamically enables the number of hydrogen release units 5 with second-level precision, so that the hydrogen supply rate is adjustable. And the independent hydrogen release of multiple hydrogen release units 5 allows the faulty hydrogen release unit 5 to be isolated and replaced during the hydrogen supply process of the entire solid hydrogen pool module, and ensures a stable hydrogen supply during maintenance.

[0031] Taking the working conditions of the target vehicle as an example: When the target vehicle is in a low-load working condition (20% power): At least two hydrogen release units 5 are started to release hydrogen to maintain the hydrogen supply energy efficiency; When the target vehicle is in a high-load working condition (100% power): All hydrogen release units 5 are started to release hydrogen to maintain the hydrogen supply energy efficiency, accurately match the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen fuel power battery 2, shorten its power response time, and avoid power hysteresis.

[0032] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 5 the vehicle power system further includes a monitoring unit and a thermal management unit 9. The monitoring unit includes a first pressure sensor and a temperature sensor arranged in the reaction chamber 511. The first pressure sensor is linked and controlled with the driving part 53 through the vehicle control module 8; The thermal management unit 9 includes an external heat dissipation component and an internal heat dissipation component. The external heat dissipation component includes a water cooling jacket 91, a coolant compensation tank 92 and a first medium pump 93. The water cooling jacket 91 is sleeved on the outer shell of the hydrogen release pool 51. The liquid outlet of the water cooling jacket 91 is connected to the liquid inlet of the coolant compensation tank 92, and the liquid inlet of the water cooling jacket 91 is connected to the liquid outlet of the coolant compensation tank 92. The first medium pump 93 is arranged on the pipeline connecting the liquid inlet of the water cooling jacket 91 and the liquid outlet of the coolant compensation tank 92. The internal heat dissipation component includes a cold liquid pipeline 94 and a second medium pump 95 arranged in the hydrogen release pool 51. The liquid inlet of the cold liquid pipeline 94 is connected to the liquid outlet of the coolant compensation tank 92, and the liquid outlet of the cold liquid pipeline 94 is connected to the liquid inlet of the coolant compensation tank 92. The second medium pump 95 is arranged on the pipeline connecting the liquid inlet of the cold liquid pipeline 94 and the liquid outlet of the coolant compensation tank 92. The temperature sensor is linked and controlled with the first medium pump 93 and the second medium pump 95 respectively through the vehicle control module 8; The thermal management unit 9 further includes a radiator 96 and a heat exchanger 97. The liquid inlet of the coolant compensation tank 92 is respectively connected to the liquid outlets of the water cooling jacket 91 and the cold liquid pipeline 94 through the radiator 96. A first medium heat exchange pipeline 971 is arranged between the heat exchanger 97 and the pipeline on the liquid inlet side of the coolant compensation tank 92. A first electromagnetic valve 972 is arranged on the first medium heat exchange pipeline 971. A second medium heat exchange pipeline 973 is arranged between the heat exchanger 97 and the electrochemical reaction chamber of the hydrogen fuel power battery 2. A second electromagnetic valve 974 is arranged on the second medium heat exchange pipeline 973.

[0033] Through the implementation of the above vehicle power system embodiments, the pressure in the reaction chamber 511 is monitored by the first pressure sensor and compared with the target pressure value (generated by the mapping curve of the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen fuel power battery 2) in real time. When a pressure deviation is detected, the volume of the reaction chamber 511 is adjusted: When the pressure is too high: Dynamically increase the internal volume of the reaction chamber 511 to slow down the hydrogen release reaction rate and avoid hydrogen accumulation in the hydrogen fuel power battery 2; When the pressure is insufficient: Dynamically reduce the internal volume of the reaction chamber 511 to accelerate the hydrogen release reaction rate, so as to eliminate the risk of hydrogen starvation in the hydrogen fuel power battery 2. This mechanism can ensure the stability of the hydrogen inlet pressure volatility of the hydrogen fuel power battery 2.

[0034] In addition, in the thermal management unit 9, the cold liquid pipeline 94 inside the reaction chamber 511 is directly used on the reaction area of hydrogen hydrolysis and hydrogen release. The flow rate of the coolant is adjusted by the second medium pump 95 to dynamically export the reaction heat release, so as to maintain the reaction chamber 511 at a suitable reaction temperature; at the same time, the radiating water jacket 91 outside the reaction chamber 511 covers the entire reaction chamber 511 to balance the regional temperature difference generated by the internal cooling of the reaction chamber 511 and ensure the uniformity of the overall temperature field of the reaction chamber 511, avoiding reaction rate fluctuations. In addition, the temperature data inside the reaction chamber 511 is fed back in real time through the temperature sensor, and the vehicle control module 8 is linked with the double medium pump: when it is detected that the temperature inside the reaction chamber 511 rises abnormally, the internal cold liquid pipeline 94 starts emergency cooling, and the external radiating water jacket 91 synchronously increases the pressure and circulates to quickly export the excessive reaction heat. Thus, through the dual-path thermal management, the heat dissipation capacity per unit volume is improved, effectively avoiding local overheating.

[0035] Based on the above cooling method, in order to cool the medium for exporting the reaction heat release for recycling, the embodiments of the present invention also propose two modes of direct heat dissipation and waste heat recovery. The direct heat dissipation mode is to directly perform air cooling or liquid cooling on the medium that has absorbed the reaction heat release in the radiating water jacket 91 and the cold liquid pipeline 94 through the radiator 96 to quickly reduce the medium temperature; the waste heat recovery mode is to use the heat exchanger 97 to transfer the reaction heat release absorbed by the medium in the radiating water jacket 91 and the cold liquid pipeline 94 to the electrochemical reaction chamber of the hydrogen fuel power battery 2 to preheat the reaction gas or maintain the stack temperature, realizing the recycling of thermal energy. Thus, based on the operating state of the hydrogen fuel power battery 2 and the ambient temperature, the medium flow direction is controlled by the solenoid valve: when the stack in the hydrogen fuel power battery 2 is at a low temperature, the first solenoid valve 972 and the second solenoid valve 974 are opened to preferentially enable the waste heat recovery mode, which can double the power generation efficiency of the hydrogen fuel power battery 2, and then greatly increase the endurance of the vehicle power system; when the stack in the hydrogen fuel power battery 2 is at a high temperature or the ambient heat dissipation condition is good, it is switched to the direct heat dissipation mode to start the cooling efficiency. Thus, combining the dual-path thermal management and the dual-path cooling forms a cross-module thermal balance, which not only ensures the temperature stability of the reaction chamber 511 but also improves the overall energy efficiency of the hydrogen fuel power battery 2.

[0036] Further, looking back Figure 3The outer shell of the hydrogen release pool 51 is a columnar structure. The separator 52 is arranged in the hydrogen release pool 51 and divides the internal space of the hydrogen release pool 51 into a relatively closed reaction chamber 511 and a driving chamber 516 from top to bottom. The upper surface of the separator 52 is a conical structure with a concave middle portion, and a sealing ring 521 is provided on the outer wall of the separator 52 to fit the inner wall of the hydrogen release pool 51. The driving member 53 is a linear driving mechanism arranged in the driving chamber 516, which is used to drive the separator 52 to move up and down in the vertical direction; The feed port 512 , water inlet 513 , hydrogen discharge port 514 and tail discharge port 515 are all arranged on the top of the outer shell of the hydrogen release pool 51 and are respectively connected to the reaction chamber 511 . The cooling liquid pipeline 94 is embedded in the inner wall of the reaction chamber 511 and is arranged in a spiral shape along the vertical direction.

[0037] Through the implementation of the above-described vehicle power system embodiment, the driver 53, the separator 52, and the columnar hydrogen release reservoir 51 cooperate to precisely control the vertical displacement of the separator 52 by the driver 53, thereby dynamically adjusting the volume of the reaction chamber 511 according to the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen fuel cell 2. The driver 53 is preferably a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, or an electric push rod. By driving the separator 52 in linear motion, the volume of the reaction chamber 511 can be rapidly changed, thereby rapidly responding to the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen fuel cell 2. The feed port 512, the water inlet 513, the hydrogen discharge port 514 and the tail material discharge port 515 are centrally arranged at the top of the outer shell of the hydrogen release pool 51. During the process of hydrogen decomposition reaction in water, the hydrogen produced by the reaction directly floats up due to its low density and is transported to the hydrogen supply unit 7 from the hydrogen discharge port 514. The solid hydrogen storage material, water and reaction tail materials participating in the reaction are deposited on the upper surface of the separator 52 due to their own gravity due to their high density and are gathered in the concave area in the middle of the upper surface of the separator 52 to ensure that the solid hydrogen storage material and tail materials can be centrally processed, and the solid hydrogen storage material is fully in contact with water to react, thereby improving the hydrogen release efficiency. Moreover, after the hydrogen release reaction is completed and the valves in the feed port 512, the water inlet 513, and the hydrogen discharge port 514 are closed, the unreacted reactants (solid-state hydrogen storage material and water) or tails can be squeezed out of the tail discharge port 515 by continuously pushing the separator 52 upward, and are pumped into the remaining reaction chambers 511 or the tail unit 6 under the action of the corresponding delivery pump.

[0038] In addition, by means of the arrangement of the sealing ring 521, it is ensured that during the process of the driving member 53 driving the partition plate to move up and down, the driving chamber 516 and the reaction chamber 511 are always physically isolated, so as to prevent the reactants and reaction products in the reaction chamber 511 from infiltrating into the driving chamber 516, thereby further ensuring the reaction efficiency of hydrolysis hydrogen release and guaranteeing the purity of the output hydrogen and the safety of the hydrogen release reaction. At the same time, by arranging the cold liquid pipeline 94 spirally along the vertical direction of the reaction chamber 511, axial gradient heat dissipation is realized to efficiently maintain the temperature balance in the reaction chamber 511 and avoid the reduction of the hydrogen release reaction efficiency caused by local overheating.

[0039] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 6 Figure 5, the cross-section of the outer shell of the hydrogen release pool 51 is in an elliptical structure. The partition member 52 is arranged in the hydrogen release pool 51 in a matching manner. The cross-section of the partition member 52 is in a triangular structure, and the internal space of the hydrogen release pool 51 is divided into a relatively closed feed chamber, a reaction chamber 511, and a tail discharge chamber along the circumferential direction of its cross-section. The three outer side walls of the partition member 52 are all outwardly convex arc-shaped structures, and a plurality of reaction grooves are arranged on the arc surface of the partition member 52. Sealing strips 522 that fit with the inner wall of the hydrogen release pool 51 are respectively arranged at the three top corners of the partition member 52. The driving member 53 is a magnetic gear arranged in the middle of the hydrogen release pool 51 and internally provided with a magnetic source. The central axis of the magnetic gear is perpendicular to the cross-section of the partition member 52. A toothed ring 523 is arranged on the partition member 52, and the magnetic gear is meshed with the toothed ring 523 for driving the arc surface of the partition member 52 to rotate to different chambers in sequence. The feed chamber and the tail discharge chamber are located on the same side of the hydrogen release pool 51. The feed chamber is located at the upper part of the hydrogen release pool 51, and the feed port 512 is communicated with the feed chamber. The tail discharge chamber is located at the lower part of the hydrogen release pool 51, and the tail material discharge port 515 is communicated with the tail discharge chamber. The water inlet 513 and the hydrogen discharge port 514 are respectively communicated with the reaction chamber 511. The cold liquid pipeline 94 extends along the central axis of the magnetic gear.

[0040] By implementing the above vehicle power system embodiments, different from the hydrogen release pool 51 with a columnar structure, the embodiments of the present invention utilize the triangular partition member 52 to cooperate with the hydrogen release pool 51. The three vertices of the partition member 52 are in contact with the inner wall of the hydrogen release pool 51, enabling it to divide the internal space of the hydrogen release pool 51 into a relatively closed feed chamber, a reaction chamber 511, and a tail discharge chamber, and using the magnetic gear to drive the rotation of the partition member 52 to realize the periodic rotation of the feeding, reaction, and slag discharge processes, thereby forming a continuous closed-loop process of feeding - reaction - waste discharge, which can completely eliminate the intermittent fluctuations of traditional hydrogen supply. Among them, the magnetic gear is meshed with the toothed ring 523 on the partition member 52 for transmission to realize isolated drive in the electromagnetic environment, without physically penetrating the transmission shaft, eliminating the risk of hydrogen leakage, and ensuring the airtight integrity in the hydrogen release pool 51.

[0041] That is, the solid-state hydrogen storage material is first pumped into the feed chamber from the storage bin 41 by the corresponding transfer pump. Using the multiple reaction grooves on the arc surface of the partition member 52, the solid-state hydrogen storage material is attached to the reaction grooves on the arc surface of the partition member 52. Then, the partition member 52 is driven to rotate at a constant speed until the arc surface with the attached solid-state hydrogen storage material rotates into the reaction chamber 511. Then, the valves in the water inlet 513 and the hydrogen discharge port 514 are opened, so that the water in the water tank 42 is sprayed into the reaction chamber 511 through the water inlet 513 and contacts the solid-state hydrogen storage material to undergo a hydrolysis hydrogen release reaction. The released hydrogen is output to the hydrogen supply unit 7 through the hydrogen discharge port 514. Among them, the partition member 52 is dynamically controlled to rotate at a preset angle. As the position of the arc surface of the partition member 52 changes, the volume in the reaction chamber 511 also changes synchronously, so as to quickly and accurately respond to the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen fuel power battery 2. And when the hydrogen release reaction ends, the partition member 52 is driven to rotate at a high speed, so that the unreacted substances or tailings attached to the arc surface of the partition member 52 are quickly thrown out from the tailing discharge port 515 of the tail discharge chamber and are transported to the next-stage hydrogen release pool 51 or the tailing unit 6 by the corresponding transfer pump.

[0042] In addition, the flexible sealing strip 522 at the top angle of the partition member 52 is used to adaptively fit with the elliptical chamber wall of the hydrogen release pool 51 to prevent gas cross-contamination between adjacent chambers and ensure the purity of the output hydrogen. And the cold liquid pipeline 94 arranged along the central axis of the magnetic gear is used. On the one hand, by passing through the core area of the reaction chamber 511, it directly absorbs the reaction heat generated by the hydrolysis hydrogen release of the solid-state hydrogen storage material and maintains the reaction chamber 511 at a suitable reaction temperature. On the other hand, since the cold liquid pipeline 94 extends along the axial direction of the magnetic gear, the heat generated by magnetic hysteresis loss or eddy current effect can be taken away by circulating the cooling medium, so as to eliminate the axial temperature difference caused by traditional radial heat dissipation and avoid the demagnetization caused by local temperature rise affecting the hydrogen release efficiency.

[0043] Furthermore, looking back Figure 5 , the hydrogen supply unit 7 includes a hydrogen storage and release tank 71 and a hydrogen supply adjustment component. A solid-state hydrogen storage layer is provided on the inner wall of the hydrogen storage and release tank 71. An electric heater 72 is arranged in the hydrogen storage and release tank 71 for heating up to release the hydrogen stored on the solid-state hydrogen storage layer. The hydrogen supply adjustment component includes a hydrogen transmission pipeline, and a stop valve 73, a main valve 74 and a safety valve 75 arranged on the hydrogen transmission pipeline. The hydrogen storage and release tank 71 is connected to the hydrogen input side of the hydrogen fuel power battery 2 through the hydrogen transmission pipeline, and a second pressure sensor is arranged on the gas outlet side of the hydrogen storage and release tank 71.

[0044] Through the implementation of the above vehicle power system embodiments, by setting the hydrogen storage and release tank 71, the hydrogen released by hydrolysis enters the hydrogen storage and release tank 71 for buffer storage. The hydrogen storage and release tank 71 uses the solid hydrogen storage layer provided on the inner wall to absorb part of the instantaneous high-pressure hydrogen output by the hydrogen release pool 51 through physical adsorption, which can weaken the pressure change impact brought by the hydrolysis hydrogen release reaction of the hydrogen release unit 5. When the hydrogen supply pressure of the hydrogen release pool 51 is insufficient, the internal environment of the hydrogen storage and release tank 71 is heated at a low temperature by starting the electric heater 72 to release the hydrogen stored on the solid hydrogen storage layer in a short time, so as to maintain the stability of the inlet pressure of the hydrogen fuel power battery 2 and even meet the demand for a sudden increase in the load of the hydrogen fuel power battery 2. Among them, the solid hydrogen storage layer is different from the solid hydrogen storage material participating in the hydrolysis reaction in the hydrogen release pool 51. The solid hydrogen storage layer can release the hydrogen it stores only at a relatively low heating temperature, such as non-metallic hydrogen storage materials like aminoborane.

[0045] In addition, combined with the second pressure sensor, the pressure of hydrogen supply can be monitored in real time, and the reaction rate can be adjusted at any time through the adjustment of the main valve 74 to ensure that the hydrogen supplied to the hydrogen fuel power battery 2 can be within a relatively stable pressure range, so as to dynamically adjust the hydrogen release rate and hydrogen release pressure according to the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen fuel power battery 2. In addition, the safety valve 75 is set with a certain pressure jump upper limit to protect the entire system device and ensure timely pressure relief in case of overpressure. The stop valve 73 is used to cut off the entire hydrogen inlet route.

[0046] Furthermore, a reuse component is provided between the tail water discharge end of the hydrogen fuel power battery 2 and the water tank 42. The reuse component includes a first steam-water separator 21 and a second steam-water separator 22. The first steam-water separator 21 is connected to the anodic reaction side of the hydrogen fuel power battery 2 and is used to lead out the unreacted water vapor in the anode of the hydrogen fuel power battery 2. The second steam-water separator 22 is connected to the cathodic product side of the hydrogen fuel power battery 2 and is used to lead out the reaction products in the cathode of the hydrogen fuel power battery 2. The separation liquid outlets of the first steam-water separator 21 and the second steam-water separator 22 are both connected to the water tank 42.

[0047] Through the implementation of the above vehicle power system embodiments, when the hydrogen fuel power battery 2 releases electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction inside, it cannot ensure that all hydrogen is completely electrolyzed, so there will still be some electrolysis products inside the anode, mainly including unreacted hydrogen and a small amount of water vapor. Therefore, the first steam-water separator 21 is used to extract the unreacted water vapor inside the anode of the hydrogen fuel power battery 2 and perform gas-water separation. In addition, since the hydrogen generated by hydrolysis in the hydrogen release pool 51 needs to have a certain humidity to meet the operating mass transfer conditions of the battery stack inside the hydrogen fuel power battery 2, when the hydrogen fuel power battery 2 releases electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction inside, the water vapor product located at the cathode after the reaction does not need to flow back, but is extracted through the second steam-water separator 22 and undergoes steam-water separation.

[0048] Circulating the aqueous solution containing hydrogen atoms separated by the first steam-water separator 21 and the second steam-water separator 22 back to the water tank 42 for hydrogen release reaction by hydrolysis can achieve closed-loop utilization of water resources, reduce the demand for external water supply, and by reusing the hydrogen atoms in the aqueous solution for hydrogen release, the power generation efficiency of the hydrogen fuel power battery 2 can be doubled, thereby greatly increasing the endurance of the vehicle power system.

[0049] As described above, the vehicle power system provided by the embodiments of the present invention decides whether to turn on the hydrogen storage and hydrogen production system according to the requirements of the hydrogen fuel power battery 2. The storage bin 41 and the water tank 42 respectively inject materials into the reaction chamber 511 of the hydrogen release unit 5, so that a hydrogen release reaction by hydrolysis occurs in the reaction chamber 511 and hydrogen is produced. As the hydrogen reaction pressure in the reaction chamber 511 rises, when it reaches a preset first threshold, the valve in the hydrogen discharge port 514 is opened to supply hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel power battery 2. After the hydrogen pressure is released, when the hydrogen pressure in the reaction chamber 511 drops to a preset second threshold, the valve in the hydrogen discharge port 514 is closed and the tailings are released. After the tailings are released, when the hydrogen pressure in the reaction chamber 511 drops to a preset third threshold, the release of tailings stops, and a closed-loop feedback is made on whether the demand of the hydrogen fuel power battery 2 reaches a preset demand threshold: if the demand threshold is reached, the solid hydrogen pool module is closed, and after purging, the machine is shut down; if the demand threshold is not reached, the above cycle continues.

[0050] The vehicle power system of the embodiments of the present invention has the following outstanding technical effects: 1. By adopting the vehicle power system of the present invention, hydrogen energy is used as a secondary energy source for storage, and its energy storage density is more than 10 times that of traditional lithium batteries. Currently, the relatively high energy density of existing lithium batteries is 200 Wh / kg. For solid-state hydrogen storage materials, generally, after at least adding water for hydrogen release, the hydrogen storage density can reach 20 wt%, that is, 100 kg of solid-state hydrogen storage materials can produce 20 kg of hydrogen after reacting with water. The low calorific value of hydrogen is 33 kWh / kgH2, which means that 100 kg of solid-state hydrogen storage materials can store 660 kWh of electric energy. The energy density of solid-state hydrogen storage materials is 6.6 kWh / kg. If it is further converted into electricity by the hydrogen fuel power battery 21, and the efficiency of the hydrogen fuel power battery 21 is calculated at 60%, the energy density of the hydrogen energy output by the solid-state hydrogen cell module after being converted into electric energy is 3.96 kWh / kg, which is 20 times the energy density of lithium batteries, enabling a leapfrog iteration; 2. By adopting the vehicle power system of the present invention, the water generated by the hydrogen fuel power battery 21 during power generation can be fully reused to react with the solid-state hydrogen storage materials to produce hydrogen, and one hydrogen atom in the water molecule can be reused for power generation. Theoretically, the power generation efficiency of the hydrogen fuel power battery 21 can be doubled. That is, if the efficiency of the fuel cell is 60%, by using the hydrogen fuel power battery 21 with the integrated solid-state hydrogen cell module of the present invention, the hydrogen-electric conversion efficiency can be increased to 120%. Even considering the efficiency loss in actual use, the hydrogen-electric conversion efficiency can at least reach more than 80%, which is much higher than the traditional fuel cell system using high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinders; 3. By adopting the vehicle power system of the present invention, the hydrogen released by the solid-state hydrogen cell module is provided according to the hydrogen consumption requirements of the hydrogen fuel power battery 21. When not in use, the hydrogen exists in the form of solid-state hydrogen storage materials, which is highly safe at normal temperature and pressure, without the risk of fire and explosion, and can enter the underground garage, being safer than gasoline vehicles and lithium battery vehicles. It realizes the use of hydrogen without seeing hydrogen, completely solves the safety problems in the terminal use of hydrogen energy, and provides technical feasibility for the realization of the hydrogen energy social ecosystem; 4. By adopting the vehicle power system of the present invention, through controlling the hydrogen release rate in the variable-volume hydrogen release pool 51, controllable hydrogen fusion can be achieved, making it possible to add water for hydrogen release, and thus greatly improving the hydrogen storage density. When the hydrogen storage density exceeds 20%, replacing the 500 kg lithium battery of the current lithium battery passenger car with a solid-state hydrogen cell module of the same weight can produce 100 kg of hydrogen. Currently, the hydrogen consumption of existing fuel cell passenger cars is generally less than 1 kgH2 / 100 km. The vehicle power system of the present invention can enable the vehicle to have a one-time cruising range of more than 10,000 km, so that the fuel cell passenger car does not need to be charged, refueled with hydrogen, or refueled with gasoline, and only needs to be maintained once every 10,000 km, that is, replacing the solid-state hydrogen cell module once; 5. The vehicle power system of the present invention makes infrastructure construction more convenient. There is no need to build hydrogen refueling stations. Instead, it is only necessary to build a solid hydrogen pool production enterprise at a hydrogen mother station or hydrogen production plant, which greatly reduces the cost of station construction. It can also reduce the construction of charging piles, charging stations, and gas stations, significantly reducing social costs. 6. The vehicle power system of the present invention can achieve long-term power supply. Through intelligent control, it can realize timely, quantitative and intelligent control output from the vehicle-level VCU (Vehicle Control Unit) to the fuel cell level FCU (Fuel Cell Unit) and then to the hydrogen storage level HCU (Hydrogen Control Unit).

[0051] The present invention also discloses a control method for controlling the above-mentioned vehicle power system based on a variable volume solid hydrogen tank, the control method comprising: In response to the target vehicle being powered on in standby mode, real-time acquisition of the current working state of the target vehicle and the output power of the power drive module 1 is performed; Analyze and determine the power demand of the power drive module 1 based on the obtained working status and output power, and calculate and obtain the hydrogen consumption demand of the hydrogen fuel cell 2 at the current moment based on the determined power demand; According to the hydrogen consumption demand of the hydrogen fuel cell 2 at the current moment, the solid hydrogen storage material in the storage bin 41 and the water in the water tank 42 are controlled to be injected into the reaction chamber 511 of the hydrogen release pool 51 to perform a hydrogen release reaction, and the demand change rate of the hydrogen fuel cell 2 at the current moment and the previous moment is calculated based on the hydrogen consumption demand of the hydrogen fuel cell 2; The amount of solid-state hydrogen storage material injected from the storage bin 41 into the reaction chamber 511 is collected and obtained, and the ideal hydrogen release amount is calculated based on the chemical composition of the solid-state hydrogen storage material. The actual hydrogen release amount is determined by collecting and obtaining the volume of hydrogen produced in the reaction chamber 511 at the current moment. Based on the determined actual hydrogen release amount and the calculated ideal hydrogen release amount, the hydrogen release efficiency in the reaction chamber 511 at the current moment is calculated; The hydrogen release efficiency in the reaction chamber 511 at the current moment is compared with the demand change rate of the hydrogen fuel cell 2 at the current moment. If the hydrogen release efficiency is greater than the hydrogen consumption efficiency, the internal space of the reaction chamber 511 is dynamically increased by controlling the driving member 53 to drive the partition 52 to move. If the hydrogen release efficiency is less than the hydrogen consumption efficiency, the internal space of the reaction chamber 511 is dynamically reduced by controlling the driving member 53 to drive the partition 52 to move.

[0052] Through the implementation of the above embodiments of the control method, real-time acquisition of the standby / operation status of the target vehicle, such as idling, acceleration, braking, etc., and the power output signal of the power module, is carried out by using sensors such as voltage / current sensors and rotational speed sensors. These data constitute the input reference for hydrogen supply regulation, ensuring that subsequent control strategies are closely related to the actual working conditions. Based on the power demand model (such as look-up table or learning prediction algorithm), the power demand of the power module can be mapped to the current output demand of the hydrogen fuel power battery 2, thereby triggering the hydrogen release reaction as needed to ensure the dynamic matching of hydrogen supply and the demand of the hydrogen fuel power battery 2. By comparing the hydrogen consumption demands of the hydrogen fuel power battery 2 at the current moment and the previous moment in terms of time sequence, the trend of the change in the demand of the hydrogen fuel power battery 2, such as sudden increase, slow decrease, etc., is judged, providing a decision-making basis for the volume regulation of the reaction chamber in the hydrogen release pool 51. Additionally, by calculating the hydrogen release efficiency at the current moment in the reaction chamber 511, the chemical conversion efficiency of the reaction chamber 511 is quantified, and based on the difference between the hydrogen release efficiency and the demand change rate, rapid response control of the volume regulation of the reaction chamber 511 can be achieved through a preset algorithm. That is, starting from the real-time power demand of the fuel cell, the hydrogen energy supply strategy is deduced reversely to ensure seamless connection of hydrogen supply - power generation - power output. And through the dynamic comparison of the demand change rate (demand side) and the hydrogen release efficiency (supply side), controllable hydrogen fusion is realized to make it possible to release hydrogen by adding water, thereby making the hydrogen supply highly match the real-time power demand of the hydrogen fuel power battery 2, significantly improving the electrochemical reaction efficiency of the hydrogen fuel power battery 2, and ensuring the endurance of the vehicle power system.

[0053] It should be understood that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. For those skilled in the art, the technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments can be modified, or some of the technical features can be equivalently replaced; and all such modifications and replacements should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle power system based on a variable-volume solid hydrogen pool, characterized in that, The vehicle power system includes: A power driving module for providing driving force for vehicle travel; A power battery module including a hydrogen fuel power battery and a pure electric power battery, and the hydrogen fuel power battery and the pure electric power battery are respectively connected to the power driving module; A solid hydrogen cell module including a feeding unit, a plurality of hydrogen releasing units, a tail material unit, and a hydrogen supply unit. The feeding unit includes a storage bin and a water tank. The storage bin pre-stores a solid hydrogen storage material. The hydrogen releasing unit includes a hydrogen releasing pool, a partition member, and a driving member disposed in the hydrogen releasing pool. The partition member divides the internal space of the hydrogen releasing pool into independent and closed reaction chambers. The driving member is connected to the partition member. The partition member moves in the hydrogen releasing pool through the driving of the driving member, and dynamically increases or decreases the internal space of the reaction chamber. The storage bin and the water tank are respectively connected to a plurality of the hydrogen releasing pools, and the reaction chambers in each of the hydrogen releasing pools are connected to the hydrogen input side of the hydrogen fuel power battery through the hydrogen supply unit. The tail water discharge end of the hydrogen fuel power battery is connected to the water tank; A vehicle control module is respectively communicatively connected to the power driving module, the power battery module, and the solid hydrogen cell module, and is used for closed-loop controlling the dynamic operation of each module according to the power demand of the target vehicle.

2. The vehicle power system based on a variable-volume solid hydrogen cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer shell of the hydrogen releasing pool is respectively provided with a feeding port, a water inlet, a hydrogen discharge port, and a tail material discharge port, and independent electronically controlled valves are respectively arranged in the feeding port, the water inlet, the hydrogen discharge port, and the tail material discharge port; The storage bin is connected to the feeding port through a raw material conveying pipeline, the water tank is connected to the water inlet through a water supply pipeline, the tail material unit is connected to the tail material discharge port through a tail discharge conveying pipeline, the hydrogen supply unit is respectively connected to the hydrogen discharge ports on each of the hydrogen releasing pools through a hydrogen discharge pipeline, and conveying pumps are arranged on the raw material conveying pipeline, the water supply pipeline, the tail discharge conveying pipeline, and the hydrogen discharge pipeline; 3. The vehicle power system based on a variable volume solid hydrogen cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feeding unit, the plurality of hydrogen releasing units, and the tail material unit are connected in series in sequence, and different reaction temperatures and catalysts are configured in the reaction chambers corresponding to each of the hydrogen releasing units to form a multi-stage hydrogen releasing pool with an increasing reaction rate in the direction from the feeding unit to the tail material unit. The unreacted substances and tail materials in the upper-stage hydrogen releasing pool can be pushed into the lower-stage hydrogen releasing pool through the continuous movement of the partition member; The storage bin is connected to the feeding port on the first-stage hydrogen releasing pool, the water tank is connected to the water inlet on the first-stage hydrogen releasing pool, the tail material unit is connected to the tail material discharge port on the last-stage hydrogen releasing pool, and the tail material discharge port on the upper-stage hydrogen releasing pool is connected to the feeding port on the lower-stage hydrogen releasing pool; 4. The vehicle power system based on a variable-volume solid hydrogen cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feeding unit and the tail material unit are respectively connected to each of the hydrogen releasing units, so that the plurality of hydrogen releasing units are arranged in parallel, and the same reaction temperature and catalyst are configured in the reaction chambers corresponding to each of the hydrogen releasing units; The storage bin is respectively connected to the feed inlets on each of the hydrogen release pools, the water tank is respectively connected to the water inlets on each of the hydrogen release pools, and the tail material unit is respectively connected to the tail material discharge outlets on each of the hydrogen release pools.

5. The vehicle power system based on a variable-volume solid hydrogen cell according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The vehicle power system further includes a monitoring unit and a thermal management unit. The monitoring unit includes a first pressure sensor and a temperature sensor disposed in the reaction chamber. The first pressure sensor is linked and controlled with the driving member through the vehicle control module. The thermal management unit includes an external heat dissipation assembly and an internal heat dissipation assembly. The external heat dissipation assembly includes a water-cooling jacket, a coolant compensation tank, and a first medium pump. The water-cooling jacket is sleeved on the outer shell of the hydrogen release pool. The liquid outlet of the water-cooling jacket is connected to the liquid inlet of the coolant compensation tank, and the liquid inlet of the water-cooling jacket is connected to the liquid outlet of the coolant compensation tank. The first medium pump is disposed on the pipeline connecting the liquid inlet of the water-cooling jacket and the liquid outlet of the coolant compensation tank. The internal heat dissipation assembly includes a cold liquid pipeline and a second medium pump disposed in the hydrogen release pool. The liquid inlet of the cold liquid pipeline is connected to the liquid outlet of the coolant compensation tank, and the liquid outlet of the cold liquid pipeline is connected to the liquid inlet of the coolant compensation tank. The second medium pump is disposed on the pipeline connecting the liquid inlet of the cold liquid pipeline and the liquid outlet of the coolant compensation tank. The temperature sensor is linked and controlled with the first medium pump and the second medium pump respectively through the vehicle control module. The thermal management unit further includes a radiator and a heat exchanger. The liquid inlet of the coolant compensation tank is respectively connected to the liquid outlets of the water-cooling jacket and the cold liquid pipeline through the radiator. A first medium heat exchange pipeline is disposed between the heat exchanger and the pipeline on the liquid inlet side of the coolant compensation tank. A first solenoid valve is disposed on the first medium heat exchange pipeline. A second medium heat exchange pipeline is disposed between the heat exchanger and the electrochemical reaction chamber of the hydrogen fuel power battery. A second solenoid valve is disposed on the second medium heat exchange pipeline.

6. The vehicle power system based on a variable-volume solid hydrogen cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer shell of the hydrogen release pool is in a columnar structure. The partition member is disposed in the hydrogen release pool in a matching manner, and divides the internal space of the hydrogen release pool into a relatively closed reaction chamber and a driving chamber in the up-down direction. The upper surface of the partition member is in a conical structure with a concave middle part, and a sealing ring fitting the inner wall of the hydrogen release pool is disposed on the outer side wall of the partition member. The driving member is a linear driving mechanism disposed in the driving chamber for driving the partition member to move up and down in the vertical direction. The feed inlet, the water inlet, the hydrogen discharge port, and the tail material discharge port are all disposed at the top of the outer shell of the hydrogen release pool and are respectively communicated with the reaction chamber. The cold liquid pipeline is embedded in the inner wall of the reaction chamber and is arranged in a spiral shape in the vertical direction.

7. The vehicle power system based on a variable-volume solid hydrogen cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cross-section of the hydrogen release pool housing is in an oval structure. The partition is disposed in the hydrogen release pool in a matching manner. The cross-section of the partition is in a triangular structure, and divides the internal space of the hydrogen release pool into a relatively closed feed chamber, the reaction chamber, and the tail discharge chamber along the circumferential direction of its cross-section; The three outer sidewalls of the partition are all outwardly convex arc structures, and a plurality of reaction grooves are provided on the arc surface of the partition. Sealing strips that fit the inner wall of the hydrogen release pool are respectively provided at the three top corners of the partition. The driving member is a magnetic gear disposed in the middle of the hydrogen release pool and having a magnetic source inside. The central axis of the magnetic gear is perpendicular to the cross-section of the partition. A toothed ring is provided on the partition, and the magnetic gear is meshed with the toothed ring to drive the arc surface of the partition to rotate to different chambers in sequence; The feed chamber and the tail discharge chamber are located on the same side of the hydrogen release pool. The feed chamber is located at the upper part of the hydrogen release pool, and the feed port is communicated with the feed chamber. The tail discharge chamber is located at the lower part of the hydrogen release pool, and the tail material discharge port is communicated with the tail discharge chamber. The water inlet and the hydrogen discharge port are respectively communicated with the reaction chamber, and the cold liquid pipeline extends along the central axis of the magnetic gear.

8. The vehicle power system based on a variable-volume solid hydrogen cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen supply unit includes a hydrogen storage and release tank and a hydrogen supply adjustment component. A solid hydrogen storage layer is provided on the inner wall of the hydrogen storage and release tank. An electric heater is provided in the hydrogen storage and release tank for heating and releasing the hydrogen stored on the solid hydrogen storage layer; The hydrogen supply adjustment component includes a hydrogen transmission pipeline, and a stop valve, a main valve, and a safety valve provided on the hydrogen transmission pipeline. The hydrogen storage and release tank is connected to the hydrogen input side of the hydrogen fuel power battery through the hydrogen transmission pipeline, and a second pressure sensor is provided on the gas outlet side of the hydrogen storage and release tank.

9. The vehicle power system based on a variable-volume solid hydrogen cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: A reuse component is provided between the tail water end of the hydrogen fuel power battery and the water tank. The reuse component includes a first steam-water separator and a second steam-water separator. The first steam-water separator is connected to the anodic reaction side of the hydrogen fuel power battery for leading out the unreacted water vapor in the anode of the hydrogen fuel power battery. The second steam-water separator is connected to the cathodic product side of the hydrogen fuel power battery for leading out the reaction products in the cathode of the hydrogen fuel power battery. The separation liquid outlets of the first steam-water separator and the second steam-water separator are both connected to the water tank.

10. A control method for controlling a vehicle power system based on a variable volume solid hydrogen cell according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The control method includes: In response to the target vehicle being powered on in standby, the current working state of the target vehicle and the output power of the power drive module are collected and obtained in real time; Based on the obtained working state and output power, the power consumption demand of the power drive module is analyzed and determined, and the hydrogen consumption demand of the hydrogen fuel power battery at the current moment is calculated based on the determined power consumption demand; According to the hydrogen consumption demand of the hydrogen fuel power battery at the current moment, control the injection of the solid hydrogen storage material in the storage bin and the water in the water tank into the reaction chamber of the hydrogen release pool for hydrogen release reaction, and calculate the demand change rate of the hydrogen fuel power battery at the current moment according to the hydrogen consumption demands of the hydrogen fuel power battery at the current moment and the previous moment; Collect the injection amount of the solid hydrogen storage material injected from the storage bin into the reaction chamber, calculate the ideal hydrogen release amount in combination with the chemical composition of the solid hydrogen storage material, and determine the actual hydrogen release amount by collecting the hydrogen gas volume produced in the reaction chamber at the current moment. Calculate the hydrogen release efficiency in the reaction chamber at the current moment according to the determined actual hydrogen release amount and the calculated ideal hydrogen release amount; Compare the hydrogen release efficiency in the reaction chamber at the current moment with the demand change rate of the hydrogen fuel power battery at the current moment. If the hydrogen release efficiency is greater than the hydrogen consumption efficiency, control the driving member to drive the partition member to move to dynamically increase the internal space of the reaction chamber. If the hydrogen release efficiency is less than the hydrogen consumption efficiency, control the driving member to drive the partition member to move to dynamically reduce the internal space of the reaction chamber.

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