Device and method for detecting and concentrating viruses in water by unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

The unmanned aerial vehicle underwater virus detection and concentration device comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle body, a lighting device is arranged in the middle of the upper end of the unmanned aerial vehicle body, wings are arranged on the four faces of the upper end of the unmanned aerial vehicle body, a first motor is arranged in the unmanned aerial vehicle body, and a rotating shaft is arranged on a driving shaft of the first motor; a cable fixed to the shell is wound on the rotating shaft, a groove matched with the shell is formed in the bottom of the unmanned aerial vehicle body, the lower end of the shell is connected with an assembling structure, and the lower end of the assembling structure is fixedly connected with a water taking structure; the assembly structure is used for accommodating a water sample and simultaneously implementing a virus concentration process; the water taking structure is used for taking water and sampling the water body. The device has the characteristics of safety and high convenience, and can realize quick fixed-point sampling and virus concentration in a water area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of virus concentration devices, and particularly relates to an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) virus detection and concentration device and method for water bodies. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, affected by the global spread of viruses, virus detection technologies in environmental water bodies have received much attention in the field of environmental health. However, there is still a lack of a perfect detection scheme for viruses in environmental water bodies at home and abroad. Since the virus concentration in environmental water bodies is generally low, traditional detection methods often fail to reach their detection thresholds. Therefore, it is necessary to concentrate the viruses in water before detection, and the effectiveness and reliability of the concentration method directly affect the accuracy of subsequent detection results.

[0003] In the prior art, the detection of viruses in environmental water bodies mainly relies on the manual "sampling - laboratory analysis" process: on-site personnel manually collect small - volume water samples, transport the samples to the laboratory under cold - chain conditions, and then detect the viruses through concentration, nucleic acid / culture methods. This process (i) takes a long time (usually several days to several weeks to obtain results), (ii) has a high labor intensity because it is necessary to process water samples to improve sensitivity, and (iii) random "sampling" is easily affected by uneven distribution of viruses in water bodies and environmental factors such as temperature, pH, and ultraviolet light, resulting in insufficient representativeness and reproducibility. The typical case of the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) method 1615 (detecting enteroviruses / noroviruses) reflects the above limitations.

[0004] Therefore, how to improve the speed and convenience of virus concentration detection in water bodies has become a core technical problem urgently to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above - mentioned technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an unmanned aerial vehicle virus detection and concentration device and method for water bodies, which have the characteristics of safety and high convenience, and can realize rapid fixed - point sampling and virus concentration in water areas.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] An unmanned aerial vehicle virus detection and concentration device for water bodies includes a UAV body 1. A lighting device 3 is arranged in the middle of the upper end of the UAV body 1. Wings 2 are arranged on all four sides of the upper end of the UAV body 1. A first motor 5 is arranged inside the UAV body 1. A rotating shaft 6 is arranged on the driving shaft of the first motor 5. A cable fixed to a housing 4 is wound around the rotating shaft 6. A groove 7 cooperating with the housing 4 is opened at the bottom of the UAV body 1. The lower end of the housing 4 is connected with an assembly structure, and the lower end of the assembly structure is fixedly connected with a water - taking structure;

[0008] The assembly structure is used to hold the water sample while implementing the process of virus concentration;

[0009] The water intake structure is used to take water samples from the water body.

[0010] The assembly structure includes a sampling bottle 8. An electric telescopic rod 11 is arranged in the sampling bottle 8. A second piston 10 is arranged under the electric telescopic rod 11. A limiting plate 13 is arranged at the lower end of the electric telescopic rod 11. The lower part of the limiting plate 13 is connected to a first piston 9 through a piston rod 37. The limiting plate 13 drives the piston rod 37 and the first piston 9 to move downward. One side of the sampling bottle 8 is provided with a water outlet 27. The water outlet 27 is connected to a filter 29. The filter 29 is connected to a tail pipe 31. The tail pipe 31 is connected to a return pipe 34. A water outlet check valve 28 is arranged at the water outlet 27;

[0011] The first piston 9 is adapted to the sampling bottle 8 and forms a sliding fit with the sampling bottle 8; the first piston 9 is connected to the electric telescopic rod 11 located in the sampling bottle 8 through the piston rod 37, and the first piston 9 can be driven by the electric telescopic rod 11 to move in the sampling bottle 8 to form drainage at the water outlet 27.

[0012] The second piston 10 is adapted to the sampling bottle 8 and forms a sliding fit with the sampling bottle 8; the second piston 10 is located above the first piston 9. A return cavity is formed in the sampling bottle 8 between the second piston 10 and the first piston 9; the distance between the second piston 10 and the first piston 9 is the same as the distance between the first piston 9 and the bottom of the sampling bottle 8 to ensure that the volume of the water sample accommodated in the return cavity is the same each time; the top of the second piston 10 is connected to the electric telescopic rod 11. A piston rod 37 is arranged at the top of the first piston 9. The piston rod 37 passes through the rod hole located at the center of the second piston 10 and extends into the electric telescopic rod 11, and forms a sliding fit with the second piston 10.

[0013] A limiting plate 13 is arranged at the upper end of the piston rod 37; a movable wheel 12 is further arranged in the electric telescopic rod 11 above the limiting plate 13. The limiting plate 13 controls the position of the piston rod 37. At this time, the piston rod 37 cannot slide in the electric telescopic rod 11; due to the existence of the movable wheel 12, the piston rod 37 is inserted into the electric telescopic rod 11. The limiting plate 13 controls the position of the piston rod 37. At this time, the piston rod 37 cannot slide in the electric telescopic rod 11, and the second piston 10 presses the sample water body out from the water outlet 27.

[0014] On one side of the main piston rod 37, a return pipe 34 is further provided. The lower end of the return pipe 34 extends to the second water inlet 36, and the second water inlet 36 is communicated with the return cavity. During the downward movement of the electric telescopic rod 11, the water sample is squeezed from the area between the first piston 9 and the bottom of the bottle to the area between the first piston 9 and the second piston 10, forming a return flow. A return cavity is formed between the first piston 9 and the second piston 10.

[0015] The upper end of the return pipe 34 is connected to one end of the tail pipe 31 through a first quick connector 32, and the other end of the tail pipe 31 is connected to the small end of the shell cover 40 of the filter 29 through a second quick connector 30.

[0016] A check valve 33 that communicates unidirectionally from the upper end to the lower end of the return pipe 34 is provided at the upper end of the return pipe 34.

[0017] When the first piston 9 moves to the lower end of the sampling bottle 8, the upper surface of the first piston 9 is at half of the opening height of the water outlet 27.

[0018] On one side of the first piston 9 close to the water outlet 27, an inclined drainage notch is provided. The drainage notch extends from the bottom of the first piston 9 to a position close to the upper part of the first piston 9.

[0019] On one side of the second piston 10 close to the water outlet 27, an inclined drainage notch is provided. The drainage notch extends from the bottom of the second piston 10 to a position close to the upper part of the second piston 10.

[0020] The tail pipe 31 and the elastic pipe 24 are silica gel pipes, and the water intake is located on one side of the sampling structure at the lower end of the sampling bottle 8.

[0021] At one end far from the elastic pipe 24, a water absorption filter head 26 is provided, and a plurality of filter holes are provided on the water absorption filter head 26.

[0022] The filter 29 includes a funnel-shaped filter housing 38. The small end of the filter housing 38 is detachably connected to the water outlet 27, and a circular first pressing ring 39 is provided along the circumferential direction on the inner edge of the large end of the filter housing 38.

[0023] The filter 29 further includes a shell cover 40 and a filter membrane 41. The shell cover 40 is in a stepped shape. The mouth edge of the large end of the shell cover 40 is bent inward to form a second pressing ring 42. The large end of the shell cover 40 extends into the large end of the filter housing 38 and is in threaded fit with the filter housing 38. It meets the requirements of both airtightness and easy disassembly. The airtightness is achieved through the pressing ring, and the filter membrane enriched with viruses to be detected can be directly taken out by opening the filter through threaded fit.

[0024] A filter 29 for concentrating viruses in the water body is also provided at the water outlet 27 when the water body is discharged from the water outlet 27.

[0025] The filter membrane 41 is clamped between the first retaining ring 39 and the second retaining ring 42; the filter membrane 41 is any one of a polyethersulfone membrane, a polyvinylidene fluoride membrane, a cellulose acetate membrane, a regenerated cellulose membrane, a nylon membrane or a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane. The size of the filter membrane 41 needs to cooperate with the filter 38 to achieve the effect of membrane filtration and interception.

[0026] The water intake structure includes a water pump 16. The input end of the water pump 16 is fixedly connected with an elastic tube 24. The bottom end of the elastic tube 24 is fixedly connected with a mounting head 25. The bottom of the mounting head 25 is fixedly connected with a water suction filter head 26. A fixing clip 22 is fixedly connected to the surface of the elastic tube 24. The bottom of the housing 4 is fixedly connected with a protective housing 18. A motor 17 is fixedly connected to the inner side surface of the protective housing 18. The output end of the motor 17 is fixedly connected with a winding drum 19. A steel wire rope 20 is wound around the surface of the winding drum 19. The steel wire rope 20 is clamped in the fixing clip 22. A partition 21 is fixedly connected to the surface of the steel wire rope 20. The bottom end of the steel wire rope 20 is fixedly connected with a gravity ball 23; the tail pipe 31 and the elastic tube 24 are silicone tubes. A water suction filter head 26 is provided at one end far from the elastic tube 24. A number of filter holes are provided on the water suction filter head 26. The water body can be filtered through the water suction filter head 26 to intercept large particle residues, impurities, etc. to prevent them from entering the water pump 16.

[0027] The lower end of the sampling bottle 8 is provided with a water inlet for connecting with the water pump 16, and a flow solenoid valve 14 is provided at the water inlet.

[0028] A rotating shaft 6 is fixed on the driving shaft of the first motor 5. A cable fixed to the housing 4 is wound around the rotating shaft 6. The upper end of the electric telescopic rod 11 is connected to the lower end of the drone body 1 through a cable fixed to the housing 4.

[0029] A method for using a drone water virus detection and concentration device includes the following steps;

[0030] Step 1: People control the movement of the drone 1 through the controller and move it above a suitable water area. After the movement is completed, people control the operation of the water pump 16, the motor 17 and the flow solenoid valve 14 through the controller. The motor 17 operates to rotate the winding drum 19 to release the steel wire rope 20. Under the action of the gravity ball 23, the water suction filter head 26 is driven to immerse in the water. The water pump 16 operates to pump water into the sampling bottle 8. At the same time, the length of the steel wire rope 20 can be released to sample water areas at different depths;

[0031] Step 2: When pumping water into the sampling bottle 8, the first motor 5 drives the electric telescopic rod 11, driving the second piston 10 to move downward. At this time, the limit plate 13 abuts against the second piston 10, which can drive the piston rod 37 and the first piston 9 to move downward, pressing down the first piston 9 and the second piston 10. The first piston 9 presses the sample water body out of the water outlet 27. After the sample water body is filtered once by the filter 29, it flows back to the return cavity between the first piston 9 and the second piston 10 through the tail pipe 31 and the return pipe 34 in sequence;

[0032] Step 3: Then, the first motor 5 drives the electric telescopic rod 11 to further drive the second piston 10 to move downward. At this time, due to the existence of the movable wheel, the piston rod 37 is inserted into the electric telescopic rod 11, and the limit plate 13 controls the position of the piston rod 37. At this time, the piston rod 37 cannot slide in the electric telescopic rod 11. The second piston 10 presses the sample water body out of the water outlet 27. After the sample water body is filtered twice by the filter 29, it flows back to the inside of the sampling bottle 8 through the tail pipe 31 and the return pipe 34 in sequence;

[0033] Step 4: Then, the end of the tail pipe 31 equipped with the second quick connector 30 is removed, the filter 29 is removed, the filter housing cover 40 is opened, the virus-enriched filter membrane 41 is taken out, cut into pieces, and the nucleic acid is extracted using the nucleic acid extraction lysis solution. Finally, routine detection can be carried out through nucleic acid test strips and test solutions.

[0034] Advantages of the present invention:

[0035] 1. The present invention is provided with a motor, a water pump and a flow solenoid valve. People control the operation of the water pump, the motor and the flow solenoid valve through the controller. When the motor operates, the reel rotates, disengaging the steel wire rope. Under the action of the gravity ball, the water absorption filter head can be driven to sink into the water. When the water pump operates, water can be pumped into the sampling bottle. At the same time, people can release the length of the steel wire rope, which is convenient for people to sample waters at different depths. After sampling, by controlling the electric telescopic rod, the piston can be driven to discharge the water in the sampling bottle through the filter carried by the bottle body, which is convenient for concentrating the virus in the water body.

[0036] 2. During the use of the present invention, a sampling system carried by a drone is utilized to suck the water sample to be detected into a sampling bottle. Through the pressure exerted by the first and second pistons, the water sample passes through the membrane filtration device twice, achieving efficient interception and enrichment of viruses in the water body. There is literature indicating that the cake layer membrane fouling formed during the first filtration of viruses contributes to the high LRV removal of viruses during the second filtration process. The selected membrane material combines virus adsorption–elution (VIRADEL) to fix virus particles on the membrane surface through electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions, forming a shearable enrichment layer. After taking out and cutting the enriched membrane into pieces, a commercially available nucleic acid extraction lysis solution is used to lyse and extract the nucleic acid of the viruses captured on the membrane, providing a high-concentration window for subsequent RT-PCR or immunonucleic acid test strip detection. Compared with the traditional one-time concentration method, this secondary concentration strategy significantly improves the virus recovery efficiency and detection sensitivity, and can achieve virus detection at a level below 1 PFU / mL in large-volume water samples. The drone sampling avoids the risk of personnel directly wading into the water, and has the advantages of rapid deployment and remote sampling, and is applicable to various scenarios such as lakes, rivers, and urban drainage, providing a safer and more convenient means for environmental virus monitoring. The system has a compact structure and a simplified operation process, and combines the design of two-pass membrane multi-stage concentration, providing a reliable and efficient solution for large-scale water body virus monitoring and early public health warning. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 is a schematic side view structure diagram of a drone water virus concentration device.

[0038] Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view structure diagram after the present invention sucks the water body into the sampling bottle.

[0039] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view structure diagram after the water body in the present invention is concentrated once by the filter and flows back into the reflux cavity.

[0040] Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view structure diagram after the water body in the present invention is concentrated twice by the filter.

[0041] Figure 5 is a schematic structure diagram of the filter.

[0042] In the figure, 1. UAV body, 2. wing, 3. lighting device, 4. housing, 5. first motor, 6. rotating shaft, 7. groove, 8. sampling bottle, 9. first piston, 10. second piston, 11. electric telescopic rod, 12. movable wheel, 13. limiting plate, 14. flow solenoid valve, 15. water pipe, 16. water pump, 17. motor, 18. protective housing, 19. winding drum, 20. steel wire rope, 21. partition board, 22. fixing clip, 23. gravity ball, 24. elastic tube, 25. mounting head, 26. water absorption filter head, 27. water outlet, 28. check valve for water outlet, 29. filter, 30. second quick connector, 31. tail pipe, 32. first quick connector, 33. check valve, 34. return pipe, 35. first water inlet, 36. second water inlet, 37. piston rod, 38. filter housing, 39. first retaining ring, 40. housing cover, 41. filter membrane, 42. second retaining ring. Detailed implementation mode

[0043] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0044] As Figures 1 - 5 shown, a virus concentration device for UAVs in water includes a body 1, a housing 4 and a sampling bottle 8. Wings 2 are fixedly connected to the upper ends of the four sides of the UAV body 1, and a lighting device 3 is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper end of the UAV body 1. A first motor 5 is fixed inside the UAV body 1, a rotating shaft 6 is fixed on the driving shaft of the first motor 5, a cable fixed to the housing 4 is wound around the rotating shaft 6, a groove 7 matching the housing 4 is opened at the bottom of the UAV body 1, and a housing 4 is fixedly connected to the middle of the lower end of the UAV body 1.

[0045] An assembly structure is connected to the bottom of the housing 4, and a water intake structure is fixedly connected to the lower end of the assembly structure. The sampling bottle 8 is placed in the housing 4.

[0046] By controlling the operation of the second motor 17, the water pump 16 and the flow solenoid valve 14 through the controller, when the second motor 17 operates, the winding drum 19 rotates to disengage the steel wire rope 20. Under the action of the gravity ball 23, the water absorption filter head 26 can be driven to sink into the water. When the water pump 16 operates, water can be pumped into the sampling bottle 8. At the same time, by releasing the length of the steel wire rope 20, water samples can be taken from waters at different depths. After sampling, by controlling the electric telescopic rod 11, the pistons 9 and 10 can be driven to discharge the water in the sampling bottle 8 through the filter 29 carried on the bottle body, facilitating people to concentrate the virus in the water body.

[0047] The lower end of the electric telescopic rod 11 is fixedly connected with a limit plate 13, and a movable wheel 12 is movably connected to the middle of the lower end of the limit plate 13. The upper end of the electric telescopic rod 11 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the UAV body 1. A second piston 10 is fixedly connected to the middle of the electric telescopic rod 11, and the lower part of the electric telescopic rod 11 is fixedly connected with a first piston 9.

[0048] The lower end of the sampling bottle 8 is provided with a water inlet 35 for connecting with a water pump 16. A flow solenoid valve 14 is arranged at the water inlet 35, and the water inlet 35 is connected with the water pump 16 through a water pipe 15.

[0049] A water outlet 27 is arranged on the side wall of the sampling bottle 8 near the lower end. A water outlet check valve 28 is arranged at the water outlet 27. A filter 29 for concentrating the virus in the water body when the water body is discharged from the water outlet 28 is also arranged at the water outlet 28. The rear cover of the filter 29 is connected with a tail pipe 31 through a second quick connector 30. The tail pipe 31 is connected with a return pipe 34 through a first quick connector 32. A one-way check valve 33 is arranged on the return pipe 34. The return pipe 34 is connected with the bottle body of the sampling bottle 8 through a second water inlet 36.

[0050] A first piston 9 is arranged in the sampling bottle 8. The first piston 9 is adapted to the sampling bottle 8 and forms a sliding fit with the sampling bottle 8. The first piston 9 is connected with an electric telescopic rod 11 located in the sampling bottle 8 through a piston rod 37, and the first piston 9 can be driven by the electric telescopic rod 11 to move in the sampling bottle 8 to form drainage at the water outlet 27.

[0051] The filter 29 includes a funnel-shaped housing 38, a housing cover 40 and a filter membrane 41. The small end of the housing 38 is detachably connected with the water outlet 28. A circular first pressing ring 39 is arranged along the circumferential direction on the inner edge of the large end of the housing 38. The housing cover 40 is in a stepped shape. The mouth edge of the large end of the housing cover 40 is bent inwards to form a second pressing ring 42. The large end of the housing cover 40 extends into the large end of the housing 38 and is in threaded fit with the housing 38. The filter membrane 41 is clamped between the first pressing ring 39 and the second pressing ring 42. The filter membrane 41 is any one of a polyethersulfone membrane, a polyvinylidene fluoride membrane, an acetate fiber membrane, a regenerated cellulose membrane, a nylon membrane or a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane.

[0052] When concentrating viruses using the filter membrane 41, the sample water body has the best retention effect when passing through the filter membrane 41 for the second time. The reason is that "filter cake layer filtration" can be formed during the second concentration. When the number of passes is more than two, the increase in the retention rate is not significant. Therefore, in order to obtain a better virus retention effect, it is better in the present invention to perform secondary concentration on the sample water body, that is, to perform "secondary filtration" on the sample water body through the filter membrane 41. When the concentration is completed, the virus will be retained on the concentration component (filter membrane 41) of the filter 29. Then, the filter membrane 41 enriched with the virus is taken out, cut into pieces, and the nucleic acid is extracted using a nucleic acid extraction lysis solution. Finally, routine detection can be performed using a nucleic acid test strip, test solution, etc.

[0053] In specific implementation, not only the type of the filter membrane 41 can be selected, but also different pore sizes of the filter membrane can be selected to remove different virus types. Relevant research shows that: when selecting a membrane with a pore size of 0.22 mm, the LRV for T4 phage is 4.59. When using a membrane with a standard pore size of 0.1 mm, the LRV of T4 phage increases to 6.05. When using membranes with pore sizes of 0.2 mm, 0.1 mm, and a molecular weight cut-off of 13,000 Da to filter and concentrate Escherichia coli, the LRV can reach 2.88, 3.96, and 4.44 respectively. For specific data, see the literature: M. Amarasiri et al. Water Research 121 (2017) 258 - 269.

[0054] Therefore, a second piston 10 is further provided in the sampling bottle 8. The second piston 10 is adapted to the sampling bottle 8 and forms a sliding fit with the sampling bottle 8. The second piston 10 is located above the first piston 9. A reflux chamber is formed in the sampling bottle 8 between the second piston 10 and the first piston 9. The top of the second piston 10 is connected to the electric telescopic rod 11. A piston rod 37 is provided at the top of the first piston 9. The piston rod 37 passes through the rod hole located at the center of the second piston 10 and extends into the electric telescopic rod 11, and forms a sliding fit with the second piston 10. A limit plate 13 is provided at the upper end of the piston rod 37. An active wheel 12 is further provided in the electric telescopic rod 11 above the limit plate 13. A reflux pipe 34 is provided on one side of the sampling bottle 8 through a second water inlet 36. The second water inlet 34 is provided at the bottom of the first piston 9 and is communicated with the reflux chamber. The upper end of the reflux pipe 34 is connected to one end of a tail pipe 31 through a first quick connector 32. The other end of the tail pipe 31 is connected to the small end of the shell cover 40 of the filter 29 through a second quick connector 30. A check valve 33 that communicates unidirectionally from the upper end to the lower end of the reflux pipe is provided at the upper end of the reflux pipe 34.

[0055] On one side of the first piston 9 close to the water outlet, there is an inclined drainage notch which extends from the bottom of the first piston 9 to a position close to the upper part of the first piston 9. On one side of the second piston 10 close to the water outlet 27, there is an inclined drainage notch which extends from the bottom of the second piston 10 to a position close to the upper part of the second piston 10.

[0056] For the water intake structure, an elastic tube 24 is fixedly connected to the input end of the water pump 16. The bottom end of the elastic tube 24 is fixedly connected with a mounting head 25. The bottom of the mounting head 25 is fixedly connected with a water absorption filter head 26. A fixing clip 22 is fixedly connected to the surface of the elastic tube 24. The bottom of the housing 4 is fixedly connected with a protective housing 18. A motor 17 is fixedly connected to the inner side surface of the protective housing 18. The output end of the motor 17 is fixedly connected with a winding drum 19. A steel wire rope 20 is wound around the surface of the winding drum 19. The steel wire rope 20 is clamped in the fixing clip 22. A partition 21 is fixedly connected to the surface of the steel wire rope 20. The bottom end of the steel wire rope 20 is fixedly connected with a gravity ball 23. The tail pipe 31 and the elastic tube 24 are silica gel tubes. A water absorption filter head 26 is provided at one end far from the elastic tube 24. A number of filter holes are provided on the filter head. Through the water absorption filter head 26, the water body can be filtered, and large particle residues, impurities, etc. can be intercepted to prevent them from entering the water pump 16.

[0057] By controlling the operation of the water pump 16, the motor 17 and the flow solenoid valve 14 through the controller, when the motor 17 operates, the winding drum 19 rotates to release the steel wire rope 20. Under the action of the gravity ball 23, the water absorption filter head 26 can be driven to immerse into the water. When the water pump 16 operates, water can be pumped into the sampling bottle 8. At the same time, by releasing the length of the steel wire rope 20, people can sample waters at different depths. After sampling, by controlling the electric telescopic rod 11, the piston can be driven to discharge the water in the sampling bottle 8 through the filter 29 on the bottle body, which is convenient for people to concentrate the virus in the water body.

[0058] When in use, it includes the following steps:

[0059] First, people control the unmanned aerial vehicle 1 to move through the controller and move to above a suitable water area. After the movement is completed, people control the operation of the water pump 16, the motor 17 and the flow solenoid valve 14 through the controller. When the motor 17 operates, the winding drum 19 rotates to release the steel wire rope 20. Under the action of the gravity ball 23, the water absorption filter head 26 is driven to immerse into the water. When the water pump 16 operates, water is pumped into the sampling bottle 8. At the same time, by releasing the length of the steel wire rope 20, waters at different depths can be sampled. The current structure is as Figure 2 shown.

[0060] II. When pumping water into the sampling bottle 8, the first motor 5 drives the electric telescopic rod 11 and drives the second piston 10 to move downward. At this time, the limiting plate 13 abuts against the second piston 10, which can drive the piston rod 37 and the first piston 9 to move downward, pressing down the first piston 9 and the second piston 10. The first piston 9 presses the sample water body out of the water outlet 27. After the sample water body is filtered once by the filter 29, it flows back to the return cavity between the first piston 9 and the second piston 10 through the tail pipe 31 and the return pipe 34 in sequence. Its current structure is as Figure 3 shown.

[0061] III. Then, the first motor 5 drives the electric telescopic rod 11 to further drive the second piston 10 to move downward. At this time, due to the existence of the movable wheel, the piston rod 37 is inserted into the electric telescopic rod 11, and the limiting plate 13 controls the position of the piston rod 37. At this time, the piston rod 37 cannot slide in the electric telescopic rod 11. The second piston 10 presses the sample water body out of the water outlet 27. After the sample water body is filtered twice by the filter 29, it flows back to the inside of the sampling bottle 8 through the tail pipe 31 and the return pipe 34 in sequence. Its current structure is as Figure 4 shown.

[0062] IV. Then, remove the end of the tail pipe 31 equipped with the second quick connector 30, remove the filter 29, open the filter housing cover 40, take out the filter membrane 41 enriched with viruses, cut it into pieces, extract nucleic acids with nucleic acid extraction lysis solution, and finally conduct routine tests through nucleic acid test strips, test solutions, etc. Its current structure is as Figure 5 shown.

[0063] This specific embodiment is only an explanation of the present invention, and it is not a limitation of the present invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without creative contributions as needed, but as long as it is within the scope of the claims of the present invention, it is protected by the patent law.

Claims

1. An underwater virus detection and concentration device for drones, characterized in that, It includes a UAV body (1), a lighting device (3) is arranged in the middle of the upper end of the UAV body (1), wings (2) are arranged on all four sides of the upper end of the UAV body (1), a first motor (5) is arranged inside the UAV body (1), a rotating shaft (6) is arranged on the driving shaft of the first motor (5), a cable fixed to the housing (4) is wound around the rotating shaft (6), a groove (7) matching the housing (4) is opened at the bottom of the UAV body (1), an assembly structure is connected to the lower end of the housing (4), and a water intake structure is fixedly connected to the lower end of the assembly structure; The assembly structure is used to accommodate the water sample and simultaneously concentrate the virus in the water sample; The water intake structure is used to take water samples from the water body.

2. The virus detection and concentration device for drones in water according to claim 1, wherein, The assembly structure includes a sampling bottle (8), an electric telescopic rod (11) is arranged in the sampling bottle (8), a second piston (10) is arranged under the electric telescopic rod (11), a limiting plate (13) is arranged at the lower end of the electric telescopic rod (11), a first piston (9) is connected to the lower part of the limiting plate (13) through a piston rod (37), the limiting plate (13) drives the piston rod (37) and the first piston (9) to move downward, a water outlet (27) is arranged on one side of the sampling bottle (8), the water outlet (27) is connected to a filter (29), the filter (29) is connected to a tail pipe (31), and the tail pipe (31) is connected to a return pipe (34); a water outlet check valve (28) is arranged at the water outlet 27.

3. The drone waterborne virus detection concentration device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first piston (9) is adapted to the sampling bottle (8) and forms a sliding fit with the sampling bottle (8); the first piston (9) is connected to the electric telescopic rod (11) located in the sampling bottle (8) through the piston rod (37), and the first piston (9) can be driven by the electric telescopic rod (11) to move in the sampling bottle (8) to form drainage at the water outlet (27); The second piston (10) is adapted to the sampling bottle (8) and forms a sliding fit with the sampling bottle (8); the second piston (10) is located above the first piston (9), and a return cavity is formed in the sampling bottle (8) between the second piston (10) and the first piston (9); the distance between the second piston (10) and the first piston (9) is the same as the distance between the first piston (9) and the bottom of the sampling bottle (8); the top of the second piston (10) is connected to the electric telescopic rod (11), a piston rod (37) is arranged at the top of the first piston (9), the piston rod (37) passes through the rod hole located at the center of the second piston 10 and extends into the electric telescopic rod (11), and forms a sliding fit with the second piston (10).

4. The drone waterborne virus detection and concentration device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A limiting plate (13) is arranged at the upper end of the piston rod (37); a moving wheel (12) is also arranged in the electric telescopic rod (11) above the limiting plate (13); On one side of the main piston rod (37), a return pipe (34) is further provided. The lower end of the return pipe (34) extends to the second water inlet (36), and the second water inlet (36) communicates with the return cavity. During the downward movement of the electric telescopic rod (11), the water sample is squeezed from the area between the first piston (9) and the bottom of the bottle to the area between the first piston (9) and the second piston (10), forming a return flow. A return cavity is formed between the first piston (9) and the second piston (10). The upper end of the return pipe (34) is connected to one end of the tail pipe (31) through a first quick connector (32), and the other end of the tail pipe (31) is connected to the small end of the shell cover (40) of the filter (29) through a second quick connector (30). A check valve 33 is provided at the upper end of the return pipe (34), which communicates unidirectionally from the upper end to the lower end of the return pipe (34).

5. The drone waterborne virus detection and concentration device according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the first piston (9) moves to the lower end of the sampling bottle (8), the upper surface of the first piston (9) is at half of the opening height of the water outlet (27). On one side of the first piston (9) close to the water outlet (27), an inclined drainage notch is provided, and the drainage notch extends from the bottom of the first piston (9) to a position close to the upper part of the first piston (9). On one side of the second piston (10) close to the water outlet (27), an inclined drainage notch is provided, and the drainage notch extends from the bottom of the second piston (10) to a position close to the upper part of the second piston (10).

6. The drone-based virus detection and concentration device in water according to claim 4, characterized in that, The tail pipe (31) and the elastic pipe (24) are silicone hoses, and the water intake is located on one side of the sampling structure at the lower end of the sampling bottle (8). At one end far from the elastic pipe (24), a water absorption filter head (26) is provided, and a number of filter holes are provided on the water absorption filter head (26).

7. An underwater virus detection and concentration device for drones according to claim 4, characterized in that, The filter (29) includes a funnel-shaped filter housing (38). The small end of the filter housing (38) is detachably connected to the water outlet (27), and a circular first pressing ring (39) is provided along the circumferential direction inside the large end of the filter housing (38). The filter (29) further includes a shell cover (40) and a filter membrane (41). The shell cover (40) is in a stepped shape, and the rim of the large end of the shell cover (40) bends inward to form a second pressing ring (42). The large end of the shell cover (40) extends into the large end of the filter housing (38) and is in threaded cooperation with the filter housing (38). A filter (29) for concentrating viruses in the water body is also provided at the water outlet (27) when the water body is discharged from the water outlet (27).

8. A drone waterborne virus detection concentration device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The filter membrane (41) is clamped between the first pressing ring (39) and the second pressing ring (42); the filter membrane (41) is any one of a polyethersulfone membrane, a polyvinylidene fluoride membrane, a cellulose acetate membrane, a regenerated cellulose membrane, a nylon membrane, or a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane.

9. The drone waterborne virus detection and concentration device according to claim 1, characterized in that The water intake structure includes a water pump (16). An elastic tube (24) is fixedly connected to the input end of the water pump (16). An installation head (25) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the elastic tube (24). A water absorption filter head (26) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the installation head (25). A fixing clip (22) is fixedly connected to the surface of the elastic tube (24). A protective shell (18) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the housing (4). A motor (17) is fixedly connected to the inner side surface of the protective shell (18). A winding drum (19) is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor (17). A steel wire rope (20) is wound around the surface of the winding drum (19). The steel wire rope (20) is clamped in the fixing clip (22). A partition plate (21) is fixedly connected to the surface of the steel wire rope (20). A gravity ball (23) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the steel wire rope (20); The tail pipe (31) and the elastic tube (24) are silica gel tubes. A water absorption filter head (26) is provided at one end away from the elastic tube (24). A number of filter holes are provided on the water absorption filter head (26). The water body can be filtered through the water absorption filter head (26); A water inlet for connecting with the water pump (16) is provided at the lower end of the sampling bottle (8). A flow solenoid valve (14) is provided at the water inlet; A rotating shaft (6) is fixed on the driving shaft of the first motor (5). A cable fixed to the housing (4) is wound around the rotating shaft (6). The upper end of the electric telescopic rod (11) is connected to the lower end of the UAV body (1) through a cable fixed to the housing (4).

10. A method for using a virus detection and concentration device for unmanned aerial vehicles in water, characterized in that, It includes the following steps; Step 1: People control the UAV (1) to move through the controller. After moving to above a suitable water area, after the movement is completed, people control the water pump (16), the motor (17) and the flow solenoid valve (14) to operate through the controller. When the motor (17) operates, the winding drum (19) rotates to release the steel wire rope (20). Under the action of the gravity ball (23), the water absorption filter head (26) is driven to sink into the water. When the water pump (16) operates, water is pumped into the sampling bottle (8). At the same time, the depth of different water areas can be sampled by releasing the length of the steel wire rope (20); Step 2: When pumping water into the sampling bottle (8), the first motor (5) drives the electric telescopic rod (11) and drives the second piston (10) to move downward. At this time, the limiting plate (13) abuts against the second piston (10), which can drive the piston rod (37) and the first piston (9) to move downward, pressing down the first piston (9) and the second piston (10). The first piston (9) presses the sample water body out of the water outlet (27). After the sample water body is filtered once by the filter (29), it flows back to the reflux cavity between the first piston (9) and the second piston (10) through the tail pipe (31) and the reflux pipe (34) in turn; Step 3: Then, drive the electric telescopic rod 11 by the first motor (5) to further drive the second piston (10) to move downward. At this time, due to the existence of the movable wheel, the piston rod (37) is inserted into the electric telescopic rod (11), and the limit plate (13) controls the position of the piston rod (37). At this time, the piston rod (37) cannot slide in the electric telescopic rod (11), and the second piston (10) presses the sample water body out of the water outlet (27). After the sample water body is secondarily filtered by the filter (29), it flows back to the inner part of the sampling bottle (8) through the tail pipe (31) and the return pipe (34) in sequence; Step 4: Then, remove the end of the tail pipe (31) equipped with the second quick connector (30), remove the filter (29), open the filter housing cover (40), take out the virus-enriched filter membrane (41), cut it into pieces, extract nucleic acid with nucleic acid extraction lysate, and finally conduct routine detection through nucleic acid test strips and test solutions.

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