Seed priming method for improving early-stage disease resistance of pepper seeds

Abstract

The invention discloses a seed priming method for improving early-stage disease resistance of pepper seeds, which belongs to the field of agricultural planting and comprises the following steps: S1, pre-cleaning: soaking the seeds with sodium hypochlorite and then cleaning the seeds with sterile deionized water; s2, pulse phosphorylation activation treatment: adding seeds and an activation solution into a pressure-resistant polypropylene container connected with a vacuum pipeline, sealing, vacuumizing to-0.08 MPa, maintaining for 5-10 minutes, then recovering to normal pressure, transferring to a constant-temperature oscillator, and carrying out phosphorylation activation treatment; s3, immune training treatment: transferring the seeds subjected to phosphorylation activation treatment to an initiation solution containing UV-inactivated phytophthora capsici spore suspension and H2O2, and carrying out intermittent ventilation treatment; s4, stabilizing treatment: transferring the seeds subjected to immune training treatment into an ascorbic acid solution for treatment, filtering, and drying in the shade to obtain the pepper seeds. According to the invention, the problem of immune response interruption caused by insufficient signal intensity and fast protein turnover when a simulated environment is used for excitation in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of agricultural planting and relates to a seed priming method for improving the early disease resistance of pepper seeds. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, after Arabidopsis thaliana recognizes pathogenic bacteria, phosphorylation modification occurs in the intracellular juxtamembrane region of its chitin co-receptor CERK1, causing the receptor to enter a "vigilant" state lasting more than 48 hours. During this stage, CERK1 can conduct chitin signals more rapidly and persistently, thereby endowing plants with enhanced fungal resistance. Through practical research, it is found that this principle can also be used in the research and development of improving the disease resistance of pepper seeds. However, in the actual research and development process, the prior art generally simulates a pathogenic environment to stimulate seeds and uses the spontaneous changes of seeds to reach the "vigilant" state. However, after the pepper seeds are stimulated by pathogens in the environment, with the maturation and change of the seeds, the maintenance time of the "vigilant" state is short, unable to cover the critical period of seed germination, and unable to achieve the effect of significantly improving the early disease resistance of pepper seeds. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a seed priming method for improving the early disease resistance of pepper seeds, which solves the problem that after pepper seeds are stimulated by pathogens, with the maturation and change of the seeds, the turnover of seed proteins is relatively fast, resulting in a short maintenance time of the "vigilant" state, unable to cover the critical period of seed germination, and unable to achieve the effect of significantly improving the early disease resistance of pepper seeds.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A seed priming method for improving the early disease resistance of pepper seeds, comprising the following steps: S1. Pre-cleaning: Soak the seeds in sodium hypochlorite with a mass fraction of 1% for 5 - 10 minutes, then wash with sterile deionized water and dry to obtain pre-treated seeds; S2. Pulse phosphorylation activation treatment: Add seeds and an activation solution to a pressure-resistant polypropylene container connected to a vacuum pipeline, seal and evacuate to -0.08 MPa, maintain for 5 - 10 minutes, then restore to normal pressure, and then transfer to a constant temperature oscillator. The internal environment of the container is at a temperature of 25 - 30 °C and a humidity of ≥ 85%, and treat for 6 - 7 hours for phosphorylation activation treatment; The activation solution comprises the following components by mass fraction: 0.5 - 0.6% ATP-Mg 2+ lyophilized powder, 2 - 3% cell wall extract of Phytophthora capsici, 0.5 - 0.6% brazilin-cerium nanoparticles, Tris-HCl buffer solution; S3. Immunization training treatment: Transfer the seeds after phosphorylation activation treatment to a priming solution containing UV-inactivated Phytophthora capsici spore suspension and H2O2, and perform intermittent aeration treatment at 20 °C; S4. Stabilization treatment: Transfer the seeds after immunization training treatment to ascorbic acid solution, treat at 20 - 25 °C for 5 - 6 hours, filter and air-dry to obtain pepper seeds.

[0005] The present invention solves the problem of immune response interruption caused by insufficient signal intensity and rapid protein turnover when using a simulated environment to stimulate by phosphorylating to activate activity and constructing a "warning" state → simulating pathogen-induced immune memory → antioxidant stabilizing protein structure. While ensuring that the seeds have high resistance to Phytophthora capsici, it effectively extends the "warning" period.

[0006] Furthermore, the activation solution further comprises the following components by mass fraction: 1 - 1.5% of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, 0.8 - 1% of sodium alginate, 0.4 - 0.5% of PEG, 0.1 - 0.2% of L-ascorbyl palmitate, and the balance is Tris-HCl buffer.

[0007] Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, sodium alginate, PEG, and L-ascorbyl palmitate are used as bridges to solve the problems of poor compatibility, stratification, precipitation, oxidation inactivation, etc. that occur during the use and mixing of ATP-Mg 2+ lyophilized powder, Phytophthora capsici cell wall extract, and brazilin-cerium nanoparticles, ensuring that the activation solution has good stability and effectiveness during use.

[0008] Furthermore, the activation solution is prepared by the following method: A. Mix brazilin-cerium nanoparticles with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, add to Tris-HCl buffer, ultrasonically disperse at 30 - 35 °C for 10 - 15 minutes, then add L-ascorbyl palmitate, and stir and mix in the dark to obtain a first intermediate; B. Add PEG to Tris-HCl buffer and mix evenly, then add Phytophthora capsici cell wall extract, stir and mix evenly at 45 - 50 °C, then add sodium alginate and continue to stir evenly to obtain a second intermediate; C. Add ATP-Mg²⁺ lyophilized powder to the second intermediate, adjust the pH to 6.8 - 7.5, stir at 4 - 5 °C in the dark for 1 - 1.5 hours, then add the first intermediate, and oscillate and mix at 200 - 300 rpm to obtain the activation solution.

[0009] Furthermore, the Phytophthora capsici cell wall extract is prepared by the following method: B1. Culture the Phytophthora capsici strain using a culture medium, collect the mycelium, quickly freeze it in liquid nitrogen and then freeze-dry it until the water content is less than 5% to obtain freeze-dried mycelium. B2. Physically break the freeze-dried mycelium and then enzymatically break it using a mixed enzyme of cellulase and β-1,3-glucanase. Finally, separate, purify, collect the precipitate, and freeze-dry it for storage to obtain the cell wall extract of Phytophthora capsici.

[0010] Further, the specific method of the immune training treatment in S3 is: transfer the seeds after phosphorylation activation treatment to a priming solution containing UV-inactivated Phytophthora capsici spore suspension and H2O2, and perform intermittent aeration treatment at 20 °C for 12 hours, with aeration for 5 minutes every 2 hours.

[0011] Further, by mass fraction, the concentration of the ascorbic acid solution in S4 is 0.05%, and the solvent is a citric acid-disodium hydrogen phosphate buffer with a pH of 5.5 - 6.0.

[0012] Further, the concentration of UV-inactivated Phytophthora capsici spores in the priming solution in S3 is 1×10 5 -5×10 5 spores / mL, and the concentration of H2O2 is 0.03 - 0.05% by mass fraction.

[0013] Further, in step S2, add seeds and the activation solution to a pressure-resistant polypropylene container connected to a vacuum pipeline at a liquid-solid ratio of 3:1 (v / w).

[0014] Further, the concentration of the Tris-HCl buffer solution is 20 mM, and the pH = 7.5 - 8.0.

[0015] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. A seed priming method for improving the early disease resistance of pepper seeds, through pulsed phosphorylation activation treatment, uses a pulsed method to non-destructively open the internal material transport channels of the seeds, avoiding mechanical damage affecting the germination of the seeds. 2. The present invention activates the seed resistance through phosphorylation treatment to establish a basic resistance, and then combines immune training to enhance the resistance, which can effectively improve the resistance of the seeds to Phytophthora capsici. 3. The present invention solves the problem of the interruption of the immune response caused by insufficient signal intensity and rapid protein turnover when using a simulated environment to stimulate by phosphorylating to activate activity and constructing a "vigilant" state → simulating pathogen-induced immune memory → antioxidant stabilizing the protein structure. Under the condition of ensuring that the seeds have high resistance to Phytophthora capsici, the "vigilant" period is effectively extended. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required for the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention, and thus should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other related drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings, where: Figure 1 is a block diagram of a seed priming method for improving the early disease resistance of pepper seeds. Detailed implementation manners

[0017] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following further details the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention, that is, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Usually, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0018] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] It should be noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, the element defined by the statement "including one..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the said element.

[0020] The features and performance of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0021] Embodiment 1 As Figure 1 shown, a seed priming method for improving the early disease resistance of pepper seeds provided by a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps: S1. Pre - cleaning: Soak the seeds in sodium hypochlorite with a mass fraction of 1% for 8 minutes, then wash them with sterile deionized water and dry to obtain pre - treated seeds; S2. Pulse phosphorylation activation treatment: Add seeds and activation solution into a pressure - resistant polypropylene container connected to a vacuum pipeline according to a liquid - to - solid ratio of 3:1 (v / w). After sealing, evacuate to - 0.08 MPa and maintain for 10 minutes, then restore to normal pressure. Then transfer it to a constant - temperature oscillator. The internal environment of the container is at a temperature of 30 °C and a humidity of 85%, and process for 7 hours for phosphorylation activation treatment; The activation solution includes the following components by mass fraction: 0.5% ATP - Mg 2+ lyophilized powder, 2% cell wall extract of Phytophthora capsici, 0.5% brazilin - cerium nanoparticles, 1% hydroxypropyl - β - cyclodextrin, 0.8% sodium alginate, 0.4% PEG, 0.1% L - ascorbyl palmitate, and the balance is Tris - HCl buffer; S3. Immunization training treatment: Transfer the seeds after phosphorylation activation treatment to a priming solution containing UV - inactivated Phytophthora capsici spore suspension and H2O2, and perform intermittent aeration treatment at 20 °C for 12 hours, with aeration for 5 minutes every 2 hours; S4. Stabilization treatment: Transfer the seeds after immunization training treatment to an ascorbic acid solution, process at 25 °C for 6 hours, filter and air - dry to obtain pepper seeds.

[0022] The activation solution is prepared by the following method: A. Mix brazilin - cerium nanoparticles and hydroxypropyl - β - cyclodextrin, then add them to Tris - HCl buffer. Ultrasonically disperse at 30 - 35 °C for 10 - 15 minutes, and then add L - ascorbyl palmitate. Stir and mix in the dark to obtain the first intermediate; B. Add PEG to Tris - HCl buffer and mix evenly, then add the cell wall extract of Phytophthora capsici. Stir and mix evenly at 45 - 50 °C, and then add sodium alginate and continue to stir evenly to obtain the second intermediate; C. Add ATP - Mg²⁺ lyophilized powder to the second intermediate, adjust the pH to 6.8 - 7.5, stir at 4 - 5 °C in the dark for 1 - 1.5 hours, then add the first intermediate, and oscillate and mix at 200 - 300 rpm to obtain the activation solution.

[0023] The cell wall extract of Phytophthora capsici is prepared by the following method: B1. Culture Phytophthora capsici strains using a culture medium, collect mycelia, quickly freeze them in liquid nitrogen and then freeze - dry them until the water content is <5% to obtain freeze - dried mycelia; B2. After physically crushing the freeze-dried mycelium, it is enzymatically broken down using a mixed enzyme of cellulase and β-1,3-glucanase, and finally separated, purified, the precipitate is collected, freeze-dried and stored to obtain the cell wall extract of Phytophthora capsici. The mass ratio of cellulase to β-1,3-glucanase is 1:1.5 - 2.

[0024] In terms of mass fraction, the concentration of the ascorbic acid solution in S4 is 0.05%, and the solvent is a citric acid - disodium hydrogen phosphate buffer solution with a pH of 5.5 - 6.0.

[0025] The concentration of UV-inactivated Phytophthora capsici spores in the S3 initiating solution is 1×10 5 spores / mL, and the concentration of H2O2 is 0.03% by mass fraction.

[0026] The concentration of the Tris-HCl buffer solution is 20 mM, and the pH = 7.5 - 8.0.

[0027] Example 2 Based on Example 1, the difference in this example is that the activation solution in this example includes the following components by mass fraction: 0.6% ATP-Mg 2+ lyophilized powder, 3% cell wall extract of Phytophthora capsici, 0.6% brazilin - cerium nanoparticles, 1.5% hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, 1% sodium alginate, 0.5% PEG, 0.2% L-ascorbyl palmitate, and the balance is Tris-HCl buffer solution. The rest is the same.

[0028] Example 3 Based on Example 2, the difference in this example is that the concentration of UV-inactivated Phytophthora capsici spores in the S3 initiating solution in this example is 3×10 5 spores / mL, and the concentration of H2O2 is 0.04% by mass fraction. The rest is the same.

[0029] Example 4 Based on Example 2, the difference in this example is that the concentration of UV-inactivated Phytophthora capsici spores in the S3 initiating solution in this example is 5×10 5 spores / mL, and the concentration of H2O2 is 0.05% by mass fraction. The rest is the same.

[0030] Comparative Example 1 Based on Example 1, the difference in this comparative example is that the activation solution in this comparative example does not include ATP-Mg 2+ lyophilized powder. The rest is the same.

[0031] Comparative Example 2 On the basis of Example 1, this comparative example is different from Example 1 in that the activation solution in this comparative example does not include the cell wall extract of Phytophthora capsici. The rest is the same.

[0032] Comparative Example 3 On the basis of Example 1, this comparative example is different from Example 1 in that the activation solution in this comparative example does not include brazilin - cerium nanoparticles. The rest is the same.

[0033] Comparative Example 4 On the basis of Example 1, this comparative example is different from Example 1 in that the activation solution in this comparative example does not include hydroxypropyl - β - cyclodextrin. The rest is the same.

[0034] Comparative Example 5 On the basis of Example 1, this comparative example is different from Example 1 in that the activation solution in this comparative example does not include sodium alginate. The rest is the same.

[0035] Comparative Example 6 On the basis of Example 1, this comparative example is different from Example 1 in that the activation solution in this comparative example does not include PEG. The rest is the same.

[0036] Comparative Example 7 On the basis of Example 1, this comparative example is different from Example 1 in that the activation solution in this comparative example does not include L - ascorbyl palmitate. The rest is the same.

[0037] Comparative Example 8 On the basis of Example 1, this comparative example is different from Example 1 in that a seed priming method for improving the early disease resistance of pepper seeds provided in this comparative example does not adopt a pulse method during the phosphorylation treatment, and includes the following steps: S1. Pre - cleaning: Soak the seeds in sodium hypochlorite with a mass fraction of 1% for 8 minutes, then wash with sterile deionized water and dry to obtain pre - treated seeds; S2. Phosphorylation activation treatment: Add seeds and activation solution to a pressure - resistant polypropylene container connected to a vacuum pipeline according to a liquid - to - solid ratio of 3:1 (v / w), seal and transfer to a constant - temperature oscillator. The internal environment of the container is at a temperature of 30 °C and a humidity of 85%, and treat for 7 hours to perform phosphorylation activation treatment; The activation solution includes the following components by mass fraction: 0.5% ATP - Mg 2+ lyophilized powder, 2% cell wall extract of Phytophthora capsici, 0.5% brazilin - cerium nanoparticles, 1% hydroxypropyl - β - cyclodextrin, 0.8% sodium alginate, 0.4% PEG, 0.1% L - ascorbyl palmitate, and the balance is Tris - HCl buffer; S3. Immune training treatment: Transfer the seeds after phosphorylation activation treatment to a priming solution containing UV-inactivated Phytophthora capsici spore suspension and H2O2, and perform intermittent aeration treatment at 20 °C for 12 hours, with aeration for 5 minutes every 2 hours; S4. Stabilization treatment: Transfer the seeds after immune training treatment to ascorbic acid solution, and treat at 25 °C for 6 hours, then filter and air-dry to obtain pepper seeds. The rest is the same.

[0038] Comparative Example 9 Based on Example 1, the difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that a seed priming method for improving the early disease resistance of pepper seeds provided in this comparative example does not perform phosphorylation treatment, and includes the following steps: S1. Pre-cleaning: Soak the seeds in 1% sodium hypochlorite by mass fraction for 8 minutes, then wash with sterile deionized water and dry to obtain pre-treated seeds; S2. Immune training treatment: Transfer the pre-cleaned seeds to a priming solution containing UV-inactivated Phytophthora capsici spore suspension and H2O2, and perform intermittent aeration treatment at 20 °C for 12 hours, with aeration for 5 minutes every 2 hours; S3. Stabilization treatment: Transfer the seeds after immune training treatment to ascorbic acid solution, and treat at 25 °C for 6 hours, then filter and air-dry to obtain pepper seeds. The rest is the same.

[0039] Comparative Example 10 Based on Example 1, the difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that a seed priming method for improving the early disease resistance of pepper seeds provided in this comparative example does not perform immune training treatment, and includes the following steps: S1. Pre-cleaning: Soak the seeds in 1% sodium hypochlorite by mass fraction for 8 minutes, then wash with sterile deionized water and dry to obtain pre-treated seeds; S2. Pulse phosphorylation activation treatment: Add seeds and activation solution to a pressure-resistant polypropylene container connected to a vacuum pipeline according to a liquid-solid ratio of 3:1 (v / w), seal and evacuate to -0.08 MPa, maintain for 10 minutes and then return to normal pressure, and then transfer to a thermostatic oscillator. The internal environment of the container is at a temperature of 30 °C and a humidity of 85%, and treat for 7 hours to perform phosphorylation activation treatment; The activation solution includes the following components by mass fraction: 0.5% ATP-Mg 2+ lyophilized powder, 2% cell wall extract of Phytophthora capsici, 0.5% brazilin-cerium nanoparticles, 1% hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, 0.8% sodium alginate, 0.4% PEG, 0.1% L-ascorbyl palmitate, and the balance is Tris-HCl buffer; S3. Stabilization treatment: Transfer the seeds after immune training treatment to ascorbic acid solution, and treat them at 25°C for 6 hours, then filter and air-dry to obtain pepper seeds. The rest is the same.

[0040] Comparative Example 11 Based on Example 1, the difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that a seed priming method for improving the early disease resistance of pepper seeds provided in this comparative example does not perform stabilization treatment, and includes the following steps: S1. Pre-cleaning: Immerse the seeds in sodium hypochlorite with a mass fraction of 1% for 8 minutes, then wash them with sterile deionized water and dry to obtain pre-treated seeds; S2. Pulse phosphorylation activation treatment: Add seeds and activation liquid to a pressure-resistant polypropylene container connected to a vacuum pipeline according to a liquid-solid ratio of 3:1 (v / w), seal and evacuate to -0.08 MPa, maintain for 10 minutes and then return to normal pressure, and then transfer to a constant temperature oscillator. The internal environment of the container is at a temperature of 30°C and a humidity of 85%, and treat for 7 hours for phosphorylation activation treatment; The activation liquid includes the following components by mass fraction: 0.5% ATP-Mg 2+ lyophilized powder, 2% cell wall extract of Phytophthora capsici, 0.5% brazilin-cerium nanoparticles, 1% hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, 0.8% sodium alginate, 0.4% PEG, 0.1% L-ascorbyl palmitate, and the balance is Tris-HCl buffer; S3. Immune training treatment: Transfer the seeds after phosphorylation activation treatment to a priming liquid containing UV-inactivated Phytophthora capsici spores suspension and H2O2, and perform intermittent aeration treatment at 20°C for 12 hours, with aeration for 5 minutes every 2 hours. The rest is the same.

[0041] Comparative Example 12 Based on Example 1, the difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that in S2 of this comparative example, for the pulse phosphorylation activation treatment: Add seeds and activation liquid to a pressure-resistant polypropylene container connected to a vacuum pipeline according to a liquid-solid ratio of 2:1 (v / w). The rest is the same.

[0042] Comparative Example 13 Based on Example 1, the difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that in S2 of this comparative example, for the pulse phosphorylation activation treatment: Add seeds and activation liquid to a pressure-resistant polypropylene container connected to a vacuum pipeline according to a liquid-solid ratio of 4:1 (v / w). The rest is the same.

[0043] Test Example 1 Detection of the effects of crude toxins of Phytophthora capsici pathogens at different concentrations on the germination of pepper seeds. The blank group of pepper seeds was the seeds soaked only with 1% sodium hypochlorite, and the experimental groups were the pepper seeds treated by the methods of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-13. The results are shown in Table 1; the detection method is the prior art. The crude toxins of Phytophthora capsici pathogens were formulated into culture media containing only agar with volume ratio concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, and 100%. Then, 10 pepper seeds were placed in each dish and placed under dark conditions at 25°C. After culturing for 4 days, the germination situation was recorded, and the statistics were carried out until the 11th day, and then the germination index was calculated; The calculation method of the germination index is:

[0044] GI is the germination index, Gt is the number of germinations per day during the final period of the germination test, Dt is the number of days of germination, and ∑ is the sum; Table 1 Germination index of pepper seeds

[0045] Combined with the data in Table 1, it can be seen that the present invention can effectively improve the resistance of seeds to Phytophthora capsici.

[0046] Test Example 2 The crude toxins of Phytophthora capsici pathogens were formulated into a culture medium containing only agar with a volume ratio concentration of 60%. The pepper seeds treated in Examples 1-4 and the blank group were placed on the culture medium and placed under dark conditions at 25°C, and the humidity was kept above 85%. 20 seeds treated by the same treatment method were placed on the culture medium. After culturing the seeds for 4 days, the emergence rate and the rate of bad seeds were counted, and the test was repeated. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0047] Table 2 Detection of emergence rate and rate of bad seeds

[0048] Combined with the data in Table 2, it can be seen that the emergence rate of the seeds treated by the present invention is significantly higher than that of the untreated seeds, and the rate of bad seeds is significantly reduced at a higher pathogen concentration, indicating that the present invention can maintain a stable "early warning state" for at least 4 days and has better disease resistance compared with the untreated seeds.

[0049] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A seed priming method for improving the early disease resistance of pepper seeds, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1. Pre-cleaning: Soak the seeds in sodium hypochlorite with a mass fraction of 1% for 5 - 10 minutes, then wash with sterile deionized water and dry to obtain pretreated seeds; S2. Pulse phosphorylation activation treatment: Add seeds and activation solution into a pressure-resistant polypropylene container connected with a vacuum pipeline, seal it, evacuate to -0.08 MPa, maintain for 5 - 10 minutes, then restore to normal pressure, and transfer to a constant temperature oscillator. The internal environment of the container is at a temperature of 25 - 30 °C and a humidity of ≥85%, and treat for 6 - 7 hours for phosphorylation activation treatment; The activation solution comprises components with the following mass fractions: 0.5-0.6% of ATP-Mg 2+ lyophilized powder, 2-3% of Phytophthora capsici cell wall extract, 0.5-0.6% of brazilin-cerium nanoparticles, Tris-HCl buffer solution; S3. Immune training treatment: Transfer the seeds after phosphorylation activation treatment to a priming solution containing UV-inactivated Phytophthora capsici spore suspension and H2O2, and perform intermittent aeration treatment at 20 °C; S4. Stabilization treatment: Transfer the seeds after immune training treatment to ascorbic acid solution, treat at 20 - 25 °C for 5 - 6 hours, filter and air-dry to obtain pepper seeds.

2. A seed priming method for improving the early disease resistance of pepper seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The activation solution also includes the following components by mass fraction: 1 - 1.5% hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, 0.8 - 1% sodium alginate, 0.4 - 0.5% PEG, 0.1 - 0.2% L-ascorbyl palmitate, and the balance is Tris-HCl buffer solution.

3. A seed priming method for improving the early disease resistance of pepper seeds according to claim 2, characterized in that: The activation solution is prepared by the following method: A. Mix brazilin-cerium nanoparticles with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, add them to Tris-HCl buffer solution, ultrasonically disperse at 30 - 35 °C for 10 - 15 minutes, then add L-ascorbyl palmitate, and stir and mix in the dark to obtain the first intermediate; B. Add PEG to Tris-HCl buffer solution and mix evenly, then add Phytophthora capsici cell wall extract, stir and mix evenly at 45 - 50 °C, then add sodium alginate and continue to stir evenly to obtain the second intermediate; C. Add ATP-Mg²⁺ lyophilized powder to the second intermediate, adjust the pH to 6.8 - 7.5, stir at 4 - 5 °C in the dark for 1 - 1.5 hours, then add the first intermediate, and oscillate and mix at 200 - 300 rpm to obtain the activation solution.

4. A seed priming method for improving the early disease resistance of pepper seeds according to claim 3, characterized in that: The Phytophthora capsici cell wall extract is prepared by the following method: B1. Culture Phytophthora capsici strains using a culture medium, collect mycelia, quickly freeze them in liquid nitrogen and then freeze-dry them until the water content <5% to obtain freeze-dried mycelia; B2. Physically break the freeze-dried mycelia, then perform enzymatic hydrolysis and fragmentation using a mixed enzyme of cellulase and β-1,3-glucanase, finally separate, purify, collect the precipitate, and freeze-dry and store it to obtain the Phytophthora capsici cell wall extract.

5. A seed priming method for improving the early disease resistance of pepper seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, perform intermittent aeration treatment at 20 °C for 12 hours, and aerate for 5 minutes every 2 hours.

6. A seed priming method for improving the early disease resistance of pepper seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: By mass fraction, the concentration of the ascorbic acid solution in S4 is 0.05%, and the solvent is a citric acid-disodium hydrogen phosphate buffer solution with a pH of 5.5 - 6.

0.

7. A seed priming method for improving the early disease resistance of pepper seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentration of UV-inactivated Phytophthora capsici spores in the S3 triggering solution is 1×10 5 -5×10 5 spores / mL, and the concentration of H2O2 is 0.03 - 0.05% by mass fraction.

8. A seed priming method for improving the early disease resistance of pepper seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, add seeds and activation solution into a pressure-resistant polypropylene container connected with a vacuum pipeline according to a liquid-solid ratio v / w of 3:

1.

9. A seed priming method for improving the early disease resistance of pepper seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentration of the Tris-HCl buffer solution is 20 mM, and pH = 7.5 - 8.0.

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