Anaesthesia machine breathing circuit device with gas condensation and liquid atomization functions

Abstract

The invention discloses an anaesthesia machine breathing circuit device with gas condensation and liquid atomization functions, relates to the field of anaesthesia machine breathing circuits, and aims to solve the problems that an existing anaesthesia machine closed circuit only depends on passive HME for moisturizing, expired water vapor accumulates to cause early failure of an absorption tank, inhaled air is dry and cold, an airway is easily damaged, and a large amount of anesthetic escapes. A condensation box and an atomization box are sequentially connected in series in a breathing pipeline, the condensation box is composed of a TEC refrigeration sheet, a condensation plate, a fan and a water collection tank, expired air is cooled to the temperature below the dew point, water drops are condensed out, and the water drops are led away through an infusion pump; and the dehumidified dry gas still containing the anesthetic gas is returned to the COC absorption tank through the channel. A flexible electric heating film and an ultrasonic atomization sheet are arranged in the atomization box, condensate water is heated to 32-37 DEG C and atomized, and the condensate water is mixed with loop dry gas and conveyed back to a patient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of anesthesia machine breathing circuits, and more specifically to an anesthesia machine breathing circuit device for gas condensation and liquid atomization. Background Art

[0002] Most current anesthesia machine breathing circuits adopt a closed or semi-closed cycle design. The core components include a CO2 absorption canister, a disposable heat and moisture exchanger, a water vapor collection canister, and a volatile anesthetic evaporator. Its basic working process is to use the absorption canister to remove CO2 from the exhaled gas, rely on the HME or an external passive humidification device to maintain the temperature and humidity of the inhaled gas, and mix volatile anesthetics such as isoflurane and sevoflurane into the circulating gas at a set concentration through the evaporator to ensure the anesthesia depth and respiratory physiological requirements.

[0003] Existing anesthesia machines generally adopt a series structure of a CO2 absorption canister and a disposable water filter canister to remove exhaled CO2 and intercept condensed water. The breathing pipeline itself does not have the functions of active condensation and re-atomization. During long-term operation, water vapor in the breathing circuit is likely to precipitate on the pipe wall and in the absorption canister, resulting in damp and water accumulation in the pipeline, imbalance of gas temperature and humidity, and a large amount of waste of volatile anesthetics in the circuit.

[0004] The traditional configuration also has two prominent drawbacks: First, the breathing gas is in a dry and cold state due to the lack of real-time temperature and humidity compensation, which is likely to cause complications such as airway mucosal damage, thick sputum, and postoperative cough. Second, the absorption canister is corroded by humid CO2 for a long time, the packing fails early and needs to be replaced frequently, and the anesthetics carried by the condensed water cannot be effectively recovered, increasing the surgical cost and environmental emission pollution. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide an anesthesia machine breathing circuit device for gas condensation and liquid atomization, which can effectively solve the problems in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: An anesthesia machine breathing circuit device for gas condensation and liquid atomization, with an exhalation end provided at the front end of the mask. The exhalation end is connected to a condensation box through a channel. A rotary motor is provided at the bottom inside the condensation box, and an axial flow fan is provided at the top of the rotary motor. A condensation plate is also provided inside the condensation box. The bottom of the channel of the exhalation end is connected to an anesthetic channel. The other end of the exhalation end channel is connected to an infusion pump. The other end of the anesthetic channel is connected to an anesthetic trachea. The other end of the infusion pump is connected to an atomization box. A flexible electrothermal film is provided inside the atomization box. The flexible electrothermal film is connected to a positive electrode and a negative electrode through the top. The positive electrode and the negative electrode are connected to a heating power supply. A number of piezoelectric ultrasonic atomization sheets are connected to the outside of the flexible electrothermal film. The other end of the anesthetic trachea is connected to an absorption tank. The bottom of the absorption tank is connected to a temperature sensor through a channel. The channel of the temperature sensor and the channel of the atomization box are connected to a double-pass tube. The other end of the double-pass tube is connected to an inhalation end.

[0007] Preferably, a water collecting tank is provided at the bottom of the condensation box. The water collecting tank is connected to the inlet of the infusion pump through a medical silicone hose with an inner diameter of Φ3mm, and a duckbill type one-way valve is embedded at the connection between the hose and the water collecting tank.

[0008] Preferably, the condensation plate is made of aluminum alloy with a thickness of 2mm. A serpentine groove is machined on the front surface, with a groove width of 1mm and a spacing of 1mm, and it is fixed to the inner wall of the condensation box with four M3×8 countersunk head screws.

[0009] Preferably, the rotary motor is a 12V brushless DC motor, which is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom plate of the condensation box through a three-jaw clamp. The axially arranged axial flow fan is connected to the motor output shaft with an M4 hexagon socket head cap screw.

[0010] Preferably, the flexible electrothermal film covering the outer wall of the atomization box covers ≥75% of the surface area of the atomization cavity. The flexible electrothermal film is bonded with medical epoxy glue, and the heating power supply is connected to the external circuit through IEC6.3 plug-in type positive and negative electrode leads passing through the sealed wire threading holes.

[0011] Preferably, the piezoelectric ultrasonic atomization sheets are arranged in a ring on the top wall of the atomization cavity, set at equal intervals of 60° along the circumferential direction, and fixed between adjacent atomization sheets with M2.5 self-tapping screws.

[0012] Preferably, the temperature sensor is an NTC thermistor encapsulated in an M8×1.25 threaded metal housing, installed at the bottom wall of the absorption tank through a threaded countersunk head, and a silicone rubber O-ring is provided at the thread for sealing.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention realizes the closed-loop control of instant capture, reheating, and re-atomization of water vapor in the breathing circuit by adding a condensation box to the exhalation branch and connecting an intelligent atomization box in series to the inhalation branch, so that the inhaled gas sent to the patient is always maintained at 32°C - 37°C. Thereby reducing the risks of complications such as dry airway mucosa, impaired ciliary function, and thick sputum during surgery, and reducing discomforts such as postoperative cough and sore throat, significantly improving the patient's comfort and the level of respiratory protection.

[0014] The condensation box preferentially condenses and separates water vapor and CO2, avoiding the long-term infiltration of high-humidity gas into the absorbent canister packing; the separated anesthetic vapor flows back into the absorbent canister in the form of dry gas, which not only prolongs the service life of the packing, reduces the replacement frequency and consumable costs, but also reduces the loss of anesthetic in the condensed water and environmental dissipation, and at the same time reduces the concentration of volatile organic compounds in the operating room. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the condensation box of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the atomization box of the present invention.

[0016] In the figure: 1, face mask; 2, exhalation end; 3, condensation box; 4, rotating motor; 5, axial flow fan; 6, condensation plate; 7, anesthetic channel; 8, infusion pump; 9, anesthesia trachea; 10, atomization box; 11, heating power supply; 12, flexible electrothermal film; 13, positive electrode; 14, negative electrode; 15, piezoelectric ultrasonic atomization sheet; 16, absorbent canister; 17, temperature sensor; 18, double-pass tube; 19, inhalation end. Detailed Embodiments

[0017] To make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0018] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "both ends", "one end", "the other end", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0019] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "installation", "equipped with", "connection", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations. Embodiment

[0020] Please refer to Figures 1-3 , the present invention provides a technical solution: An anesthesia machine breathing circuit device for gas condensation and liquid atomization, wherein an exhalation end 2 is provided at the front end of the mask 1, the exhalation end 2 is connected to a condensation box 3 through a channel, a rotary motor 4 is provided at the bottom inside the condensation box 3, an axial flow fan 5 is provided at the top of the rotary motor 4, a condensation plate 6 is further provided inside the condensation box 3, the bottom of the channel of the exhalation end 2 is connected to an anesthetic channel 7, the other end of the channel of the exhalation end 2 is connected to an infusion pump 8, the other end of the anesthetic channel 7 is connected to an anesthetic trachea 9, the other end of the infusion pump 8 is connected to an atomization box 10, a flexible electrothermal film 12 is provided inside the atomization box 10, the flexible electrothermal film is connected to a positive electrode 13 and a negative electrode 14 through the top, the positive electrode 13 and the negative electrode 14 are connected to a heating power supply 11, a plurality of piezoelectric ultrasonic atomization sheets 15 are connected to the outside of the flexible electrothermal film 12, the other end of the anesthetic trachea 9 is connected to an absorption tank 16, the bottom of the absorption tank 16 is connected to a temperature sensor 17 through a channel, the channel of the temperature sensor 17 is connected to a double-pass pipe 18 with the channel of the atomization box 10, and the other end of the double-pass pipe 18 is connected to an inhalation end 19.

[0021] This embodiment provides an anesthesia machine breathing circuit device for gas condensation and liquid atomization, which is mainly composed of the following components and connected to each other: a mask, a connecting pipe, a condensation box, a condensed water collection device, a one-way valve, an atomization box, a power control box, and several connecting pipelines, etc. The mask is connected to the inlet end of the condensation box through a connecting pipe, and the mask can be put on the patient's mouth and nose to realize the airtight introduction and export of breathing gas. The internal structure of the condensation box is as Figure 2As shown in the figure, it includes components such as a coiled condensing pipe arranged inside, a heat sink connected thereto, a semiconductor refrigerating sheet attached to the heat sink, and a fan installed at the bottom. A water collection tank is connected to the bottom of the condensation box for collecting the liquid water condensed by the condensing pipe. The outlet pipe of the condensation box is connected to the absorption tank of the anesthesia machine, so that the condensed anesthesia gas returns to the breathing circuit through the absorption tank and continues to be inhaled by the patient. A water outlet is provided at the bottom of the water collection tank, which is connected to a one-way valve through a pipe and then connected to the atomization box through a pipe. The power control box is used to supply power to the semiconductor refrigerating sheet of the condensation box and the heating and atomization components in the atomization box and control them, and they are connected by wires. The positions of the above components are connected through conduits and interfaces to form a closed gas path and water path, making the whole device compact in structure and reasonable in layout.

[0022] Working principle and process: When the patient exhales, the exhaled breath containing anesthetic and water vapor enters the condensation box through the mask and the connecting pipe. After the condensation box is powered on, the semiconductor refrigerating sheet works, and its cold end is closely attached to the condensing coil or the heat sink, so that the temperature of the condensing pipe wall quickly drops below the dew point; when the hot and humid anesthesia gas from the patient's exhalation flows through the condensing pipe, the water vapor in the gas condenses into droplets on the pipe wall and falls along the pipe wall. The fan rotates continuously to provide ventilation and heat dissipation for the condensing coil. On the one hand, it accelerates heat conduction to improve the condensation efficiency, and on the other hand, it helps to maintain the temperature difference of the condensing pipe. The water droplets formed by condensation finally gather in the water collection tank at the bottom of the condensation box. At the same time, the condensed anesthesia gas is transported to the absorption tank of the anesthesia machine through the outlet pipeline of the condensation box; since most of the water has been removed by condensation, the dry anesthesia gas can be recycled back to the inhalation end of the patient after passing through the absorption tank, realizing the recycling of the anesthesia gas. In this way, the water in the exhaled gas is effectively recovered, reducing the impact on downstream components such as the absorption tank.

[0023] The condensed water collected in the water collection tank flows through the pipe to the one-way valve in one breathing cycle and then enters the atomization box through the pipe. The one-way valve is arranged in the water collection pipeline to ensure that the water only flows in one direction and does not flow back into the condensation box when the system is powered off or the air pressure changes. The condensed water entering the atomization box is first heated to an appropriate temperature by the internal heating element to avoid discomfort to the patient caused by cold water directly spraying into the inhalation tube. After heating, the condensed water contacts the ultrasonic atomization sheet in the atomization box, and the ultrasonic atomization sheet vibrates at a high frequency of dozens of kilohertz to quickly decompose the liquid water into micron-sized water mist. The generated warm and humid water mist enters the inhalation tube along with the air flow coming out of the atomization box and is mixed with the anesthesia gas in the breathing circuit and then transported to the patient, enabling the patient to inhale gas with appropriate humidity and temperature. This process compensates for the loss of water vapor and heat in the breathing circuit and improves the humidity and comfort of the gas inhaled by the patient.

[0024] Principle of condensation and atomization: The condensation box utilizes the thermoelectric refrigeration effect of the thermoelectric cooler to achieve gas condensation. When the thermoelectric cooler is powered on, it absorbs heat on one side and releases heat on the other side, reducing the temperature of the condensing pipe attached to the cold end below the dew point, causing the water vapor in the gas to undergo a phase change and condense on the pipe wall. This process is based on the principles of heat transfer and phase change, converting gaseous water into liquid water and separating it. The atomization box adopts an atomization principle that combines heating and ultrasonic technologies: the heating element raises the temperature of the input water, and the ultrasonic atomization sheet generates intense oscillations and shears on the water surface through high-speed mechanical vibrations, atomizing the liquid water into fine water droplets. The ejected warm and humid air stream mixes with the anesthetic gas and then enters the patient's respiratory tract, thereby increasing the relative humidity of the inhaled gas and meeting the clinical requirements for gas humidification.

[0025] Technical effects and causal relationships: This device realizes the adjustment of the humidity of the anesthetic breathing circuit and the optimization of the anesthetic gas circulation through two closely coordinated processes of condensation and atomization. Specifically, the operation of the condensation box causes the water vapor in the patient's exhaled gas to be condensed and removed. This not only effectively recovers moisture, alleviates the problems of aging and efficiency decline caused by excessive humidity in the absorption canister, but also makes the anesthetic gas returned to the absorption canister drier and more stable; the atomization box warms and atomizes the collected condensed water and then returns it to the patient, enabling the gas inhaled by the patient to regain the required heat and moisture, avoiding respiratory tract dryness and heat loss. The causal relationship between the two is clear: the condensation process produces condensed water that can be recycled, and the atomization process utilizes this condensed water to humidify the inhaled gas. The two work together to ultimately improve the performance of the breathing circuit and the patient experience.

[0026] The above has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An anesthesia machine breathing circuit device for gas condensation and liquid atomization, comprising a face mask (1), a condensation box (3), and an atomization box (10), characterized in that: The front end of the face mask (1) is provided with an exhalation end (2), and the exhalation end (2) is connected to a condensation box (3) through a channel. At the bottom inside the condensation box (3), there is a rotary motor (4). On the top of the rotary motor (4), there is an axial flow fan (5). Inside the condensation box (3), there is also a condensation plate (6). The bottom of the channel of the exhalation end (2) is connected to an anesthetic channel (7). The other end of the channel of the exhalation end (2) is connected to an infusion pump (8). The other end of the anesthetic channel (7) is connected to an anesthetic trachea (9). The other end of the infusion pump (8) is connected to an atomization box (10). Inside the atomization box (10), there is a flexible electrothermal film (12). The flexible electrothermal film is connected to a positive electrode (13) and a negative electrode (14) through the top. The positive electrode (13) and the negative electrode (14) are connected to a heating power supply (11). Outside the flexible electrothermal film (12), a number of piezoelectric ultrasonic atomization sheets (15) are connected. The other end of the anesthetic trachea (9) is connected to an absorption tank (16). The bottom of the absorption tank (16) is connected to a temperature sensor (17) through a channel. The channel of the temperature sensor (17) is connected to a double-pass tube (18) with the channel of the atomization box (10). The other end of the double-pass tube (18) is connected to an inhalation end (19).

2. The anesthesia machine breathing circuit device for gas condensation and liquid atomization according to claim 1, wherein: A water collecting tank is provided at the bottom of the condensation box (3). The water collecting tank is connected to the inlet of the infusion pump (8) through a medical silicone hose with an inner diameter of Φ3mm, and a duckbill type one-way valve is embedded at the connection of the hose and the water collecting tank.

3. The anesthesia machine breathing circuit device for gas condensation and liquid atomization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The condensation plate (6) is made of aluminum alloy with a thickness of 2mm. Serpentine grooves are machined on the front surface, the groove width is 1mm, the spacing is 1mm, and it is fixed to the inner wall of the condensation box (3) with four M3×8 countersunk head screws.

4. The anesthesia machine breathing circuit device for gas condensation and liquid atomization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary motor (4) is a 12V brushless DC motor, which is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom plate of the condensation box (3) through a three-jaw clamp. The axially arranged axial flow fan (5) is connected to the motor output shaft with an M4 hexagon socket head bolt.

5. The anesthetic machine breathing circuit device for gas condensation and liquid atomization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible electrothermal film (12) covered on the outer wall of the atomization box (10) covers ≥75% of the surface area of the atomization cavity. The flexible electrothermal film (12) is bonded with medical epoxy glue, and the heating power supply (11) is connected to the external circuit through the IEC6.3 plug-in type positive electrode (13) and negative electrode (14) leads passing through the sealed wire passing hole.

6. The anesthesia machine breathing circuit device for gas condensation and liquid atomization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piezoelectric ultrasonic atomization sheets (15) are arranged annularly on the top wall of the atomization cavity, and are equidistantly arranged at 60° along the circumferential direction. The adjacent atomization sheets are fixed with M2.5 self-tapping screws.

7. The anesthesia machine breathing circuit device for gas condensation and liquid atomization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature sensor (17) is an NTC thermistor encapsulated in an M8×1.25 threaded metal shell, which is installed on the bottom wall of the absorption tank (16) through a threaded countersunk head, and a silicone rubber O-ring is arranged at the thread for sealing.

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