Selenium-rich biological organic fertilizer for navel oranges and preparation method of selenium-rich biological organic fertilizer

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bio-organic fertilizers, in particular to a selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer for navel oranges and a preparation method of the selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer. The selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer for navel oranges comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 20-40 parts of dried astragalus sinicus, 10-20 parts of livestock manure, 10-30 parts of plant ash, 1-5 parts of rice husk, 1-5 parts of sawdust, 3-6 parts of potassium fulvate, 1-3 parts of dendritic polyamidoamine, 5-8 parts of nano calcium carbonate, 1-5 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, 1-2 parts of a complex microbial inoculant A, 1-2 parts of a complex microbial inoculant B and 2-4 parts of a selenium-rich functional microbial inoculant. And 0.25 to 1.5 parts of sodium alginate. The quality of the navel oranges is guaranteed, the toxic action of a large amount of inorganic selenium on the navel oranges in the previous planting process is solved, meanwhile, the fertilizer is rich in gap structure through mutual cooperation of the raw materials, the problem of soil hardening can be solved, the soil fertility is improved, the fertilizer efficiency is long and stable, the yield of the navel oranges is increased, and rapid growth of the navel oranges is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bio-organic fertilizers, in particular to a selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer for navel oranges and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Selenium is an essential trace element for the human body, possessing antioxidant properties. It is a crucial component of glutathione peroxidase in the body and is closely related to human health. Selenium can boost immunity, scavenge free radicals, and protect the optic nerve, heart, and liver. It can also prevent major illnesses such as diabetes, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, liver disease, cataracts, arthritis, Keshan disease, and Kashin-Beck disease.

[0003] However, the selenium required by the human body cannot be produced naturally and can only be supplemented through food intake. Compared with selenium-fortified foods obtained by adding food additives, selenium-enriched agricultural products obtained through exogenous biological nutrition fortification are more environmentally friendly and safe, and have a higher absorption and utilization rate by the human body.

[0004] Navel oranges are nutritious, sweet, and brightly colored, making them a popular choice. They contain numerous essential nutrients (such as amino acids, vitamins, carotene, carotenoids, and minerals like calcium, phosphorus, and iron). Regular consumption of navel oranges can lower cholesterol, break down fat, reduce the accumulation of non-ferrous metals and radioactive elements in the body, and improve overall health. The development of selenium-enriched navel oranges not only maximizes the nutritional value of the fruit itself, but also increases selenium intake.

[0005] Existing fertilizers are mainly composed of inorganic selenium, organic fertilizers and microbial agents. Inorganic selenium accounts for a high proportion and is not easily absorbed by plants. It is easily lost and ineffective under external factors. Not only is the selenium supplementation effect on crops poor, but it also causes damage to the trees. The unabsorbed selenium also has adverse effects on the environment, which can easily lead to salinization of orchard soil and poor quality of navel oranges, which needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a selenium-rich biological organic fertilizer for navel orange and a preparation method thereof.

[0007] A selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer for navel oranges comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 20-40 parts of dried Chinese milk vetch, 10-20 parts of livestock and poultry excrement, 10-30 parts of plant ash, 1-5 parts of rice husks, 1-5 parts of sawdust, 3-6 parts of potassium fulvate, 1-3 parts of sodium selenite, 1-3 parts of dendritic polyamidoamine, 5-8 parts of nano-calcium carbonate, 1-5 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, 1-2 parts of compound bacterial agent A, 1-2 parts of compound bacterial agent B, 2-4 parts of selenium-rich functional bacterial agent, and 0.25-1.5 parts of sodium alginate.

[0008] Preferably, the composite bacterial agent A comprises: Aspergillus niger, Candida utilis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Clostridium butyricum.

[0009] More preferably, the content of viable Aspergillus niger in the composite bacterial agent A is 1-1.5×10 8 / g, and the content of viable Candida utilis is 1-1.5×10 8 / g, and the content of live Lactobacillus acidophilus is 1-2×10 8 / g, and the content of live Clostridium butyricum is 0.5-1.5×10 7 pcs / g.

[0010] Preferably, the composite bacterial agent B comprises: Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bacillus megaterium phosphate-solubilizing, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

[0011] More preferably, the content of live yeast cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is 1-3×10 8 / g, and the content of live bacteria of Bacillus megaterium phosphate solubilizing is 1-2×10 7 / g, and the content of live Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 1-1.8×10 8 pcs / g.

[0012] Preferably, the selenium-rich functional bacterial agent includes: selenium-rich yeast and lactic acid bacteria.

[0013] More preferably, the content of live selenium-enriched yeast is 1-2×10 8 / g, and the content of live lactic acid bacteria is 1-2×10 7 pcs / g.

[0014] The method for preparing the selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer for navel oranges comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1. Mix dried Chinese milk vetch, rice husks, and sawdust evenly, adjust the moisture content to 40-60%, add composite bacterial agent A, mix evenly, and ferment anaerobically at 30-35°C for 2-4 days to obtain a pre-fermented material;

[0016] S2, add livestock and poultry manure and composite bacterial agent B to the pre-fermented material, adjust the moisture content to 55-65%, aerobic fermentation for 3-7 days, turn the compost 3-4 times during the fermentation process, spread the fertilizer and air it until the moisture content is 30-40%, and high temperature inactivate it to obtain the fermented material;

[0017] S3. Mix and grind the fermentation material and sodium selenite evenly, add them together with selenium-rich functional bacteria agent, potassium fulvic acid, dendritic polyamide amine, and nano-calcium carbonate into the sodium alginate solution and stir for 10-30 minutes, then add them dropwise into the calcium chloride solution and stir for 10-20 minutes, let it stand for 1-2 hours, filter, and vacuum dry; then add wood ash and sodium lignin sulfonate, mix evenly, and granulate.

[0018] Preferably, in S3, the mass fraction of the sodium alginate solution is 0.5-1.5%.

[0019] Preferably, in S3, the mass fraction of the calcium chloride solution is 1-2%.

[0020] Beneficial effects:

[0021] The present invention adopts fermentation material and sodium selenite for compounding. The porous structure formed by fermentation in the fermentation material can effectively absorb sodium selenite. The fermentation material is further compounded with potassium fulvate and citric acid, and sodium alginate and calcium chloride are used for cross-linking to form microspheres. The microspheres can not only realize the sustained release of selenium, but also cooperate with the biological action of selenium-enriched functional bacteria agents, so that the selenium element in the navel orange planting process can be fully controlled to fully enrich the selenium element. The microspheres can also adapt to the selenium demand law of navel orange growth according to the growth characteristics of navel oranges, have a stable selenium-enriching effect, and ensure that the selenium content of navel orange fruits reaches 0.12 mg / kg, which meets the standards of selenium-enriched agricultural products.

[0022] In the fermentation process of the present invention, firstly, composite bacterial agent A (combination of Aspergillus niger and Candida utilis, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Clostridium butyricum) is used for anaerobic fermentation, which not only accelerates the decomposition of cellulose, but also effectively reduces the pH value of the body by the metabolites of Lactobacillus acidophilus and inhibits miscellaneous bacteria, and the combination of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Clostridium butyricum promotes the formation of humus, which can effectively improve the stability of the subsequent microsphere structure; then, composite bacterial agent B (combination of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bacillus megaterium phosphate-solubilizing and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) is used for aerobic fermentation and compounded with composite bacterial agent A, which promotes the fermentation material to fully form a porous structure, and the degree of nutrient dissolution is extremely high; and the selenium-enriched functional bacterial agent adopts selenium-enriched yeast and lactic acid. The combination of acid bacteria can effectively improve the utilization rate of selenium by organisms, while nano-calcium carbonate can stabilize the pH of the system, allowing lactic acid bacteria to maintain a relatively stable selenium concentration range for a long time. Combined with wood ash, it will not only not inhibit the proliferation of lactic acid bacteria, but also encourage lactic acid bacteria to stably convert inorganic selenium into organic selenium; and potassium humate is combined with dendritic polyamide amine, which can cooperate with the active groups of potassium humate to greatly enhance the affinity for selenium. It is not only extremely stable, but also more conducive to the absorption of selenium by the navel orange roots, thereby improving the utilization rate of selenium fertilizer; at the same time, the dendritic polyamide amine can effectively prevent sodium selenite from capturing hydrogen ions in sodium alginate, and has a good coating effect.

[0023] The invention not only ensures the quality of navel oranges, but also solves the toxic effect of a large amount of inorganic selenium on navel oranges in the previous planting process. At the same time, the fertilizer has a rich void structure due to the mutual coordination of various raw materials, can improve the problem of soil compaction, improve soil fertility, have a long and stable fertilizer effect, increase the yield of navel oranges, promote the rapid growth of navel oranges, and is suitable for large-scale planting.

[0024] The preparation process of the invention is simple, can significantly increase the selenium content in the soil, and can neutralize the pH value of the soil, which is beneficial to the absorption and conversion of selenium by navel oranges. The navel orange fruits have high selenium content, good taste and better overall quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a comparison chart of single fruit weight and yield of the control group, Example 5 group, Comparative Example 1 group, Comparative Example 2 group, Comparative Example 3 group, and Comparative Example 4 group.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a comparison chart of selenium content and total sugar content in the control group, Example 5 group, Comparative Example 1 group, Comparative Example 2 group, Comparative Example 3 group, and Comparative Example 4 group.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a comparison chart of soluble solids and vitamin C content in the control group, Example 5 group, Comparative Example 1 group, Comparative Example 2 group, Comparative Example 3 group, and Comparative Example 4 group. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] A selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer for navel oranges comprises raw materials including: 20 kg of dried Chinese milk vetch, 10 kg of livestock and poultry excrement, 10 kg of plant ash, 1 kg of rice husk, 1 kg of sawdust, 3 kg of potassium fulvic acid, 1 kg of sodium selenite, 1 kg of dendritic polyamidoamine, 5 kg of nano-calcium carbonate, 1 kg of sodium lignin sulfonate, 1 kg of compound bacterial agent A, 1 kg of compound bacterial agent B, 2 kg of selenium-rich functional bacterial agent, and 0.25 kg of sodium alginate.

[0031] Compound bacterial agent A includes: live bacteria content of 1×10 8 Aspergillus niger / g, with a live bacteria content of 1×10 8 / g of Candida utilis, with a live bacterial content of 1×10 8 Lactobacillus acidophilus / g, with a live bacteria content of 5×10 6 Butyric acid Clostridium per gram. Compound bacterial agent B includes: live bacteria content of 1×10 8 / g of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, with a live bacterial content of 1×10 7 Bacillus megaterium phosphate solubilizing / g, with a live bacterial content of 1×10 8 Pseudomonas aeruginosa / g. Selenium-rich functional bacteria agent includes: live bacteria content of 1×10 8 Selenium-rich yeast / g, with a live bacterial content of 1×10 7 Lactic acid bacteria per gram.

[0032] The method for preparing the selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer for navel oranges comprises the following steps:

[0033] S1. Mix dried Chinese milk vetch, rice husks, and sawdust evenly, adjust the moisture content to 40%, add composite bacterial agent A, mix evenly, and ferment anaerobically at 30° C. for 2 days to obtain a pre-fermented material;

[0034] S2, add livestock and poultry manure and composite bacterial agent B to the pre-fermented material, adjust the moisture content to 55%, aerobic fermentation for 3 days, turn the compost 3 times during the fermentation process, spread the fertilizer and air it until the moisture content is 30%, and high temperature inactivate it to obtain the fermented material;

[0035] S3. Mix and grind the fermentation material and sodium selenite evenly, add them together with selenium-rich functional bacteria, potassium fulvic acid, dendritic polyamide amine, and nano-calcium carbonate into a 0.5% sodium alginate solution and stir for 10 minutes at a stirring speed of 100r / min. Then add them dropwise into a 1% calcium chloride solution and stir at a speed of 20r / min for 10 minutes. Let it stand for 1 hour, filter, and vacuum dry. Then add wood ash and sodium lignin sulfonate and mix evenly. Then send them into a granulator for granulation.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] A selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer for navel oranges comprises raw materials including: 40 kg of dried Chinese milk vetch, 20 kg of livestock and poultry excrement, 30 kg of plant ash, 5 kg of rice husks, 5 kg of sawdust, 6 kg of potassium fulvic acid, 3 kg of sodium selenite, 3 kg of dendritic polyamidoamine, 8 kg of nano-calcium carbonate, 5 kg of sodium lignin sulfonate, 2 kg of compound bacterial agent A, 2 kg of compound bacterial agent B, 4 kg of selenium-rich functional bacterial agent, and 1.5 kg of sodium alginate.

[0038] Compound microbial agent A includes: live bacteria content of 1.5×10 8 Aspergillus niger per gram, with a live bacteria content of 1.5×10 8 / g of Candida utilis, with a live bacterial content of 2×10 8 Lactobacillus acidophilus / g, with a live bacteria content of 1.5×10 7 Butyric acid Clostridium per gram. Compound bacterial agent B includes: live bacteria content of 3×10 8 / g of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, with a live bacterial content of 2×10 7 Bacillus megaterium phosphate solubilizing / g, with a live bacterial content of 1.8×10 8 Pseudomonas aeruginosa / g. Selenium-rich functional bacteria agent includes: live bacteria content of 2×10 8 Selenium-rich yeast / g, with a live bacterial content of 2×10 7 Lactic acid bacteria per gram.

[0039] The method for preparing the selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer for navel oranges comprises the following steps:

[0040] S1. Mix dried Chinese milk vetch, rice husks, and sawdust evenly, adjust the moisture content to 60%, add composite bacterial agent A, mix evenly, and ferment anaerobically at 35°C for 4 days to obtain a pre-fermented material;

[0041] S2, add livestock and poultry manure and composite bacterial agent B to the pre-fermented material, adjust the moisture content to 65%, aerobic fermentation for 7 days, turn the compost 4 times during the fermentation process, spread the fertilizer and air it until the moisture content is 40%, and high temperature inactivate it to obtain the fermented material;

[0042] S3. Mix and grind the fermentation material and sodium selenite evenly, add them together with selenium-rich functional bacteria, potassium fulvic acid, dendritic polyamide amine, and nano-calcium carbonate into a 1.5% sodium alginate solution and stir for 30 minutes at a stirring speed of 300r / min. Then add them dropwise into a 2% calcium chloride solution and stir at a speed of 60r / min for 20 minutes. Let it stand for 2 hours, filter, and vacuum dry. Then add wood ash and sodium lignin sulfonate and mix evenly. Then send them into a granulator for granulation.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] A selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer for navel oranges comprises raw materials including 25 kg of dried Chinese milk vetch, 18 kg of livestock and poultry manure, 15 kg of plant ash, 4 kg of rice husks, 2 kg of sawdust, 5 kg of potassium fulvic acid, 1.5 kg of sodium selenite, 1.5 kg of dendritic polyamidoamine, 7 kg of nano-calcium carbonate, 2 kg of sodium lignin sulfonate, 1.8 kg of compound bacterial agent A, 1.2 kg of compound bacterial agent B, 3.5 kg of selenium-rich functional bacterial agent, and 0.6 kg of sodium alginate.

[0045] Compound microbial agent A includes: live bacteria content of 1.3×10 8 Aspergillus niger per gram, with a live bacteria content of 1.1×10 8 / g of Candida utilis, with a live bacterial content of 1.8×10 8 Lactobacillus acidophilus per gram, with a live bacterial content of 8×10 6 The compound bacterial agent B includes: the content of live bacteria is 2.5×10 8 / g of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, with a live bacterial content of 1.2×10 7 Bacillus megaterium phosphate solubilizing / g, with a live bacterial content of 1.6×10 8 Pseudomonas aeruginosa / g. Selenium-rich functional bacteria agent includes: live bacteria content of 1.3×10 8 Selenium-rich yeast / g, with a live bacterial content of 1.7×10 7 Lactic acid bacteria per gram.

[0046] The method for preparing the selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer for navel oranges comprises the following steps:

[0047] S1. Mix dried Chinese milk vetch, rice husks, and sawdust evenly, adjust the moisture content to 45%, add composite bacterial agent A, mix evenly, and ferment anaerobically at 34°C for 2.5 days to obtain a pre-fermented material;

[0048] S2, add livestock and poultry manure and composite bacterial agent B to the pre-fermented material, adjust the moisture content to 62%, aerobic fermentation for 4 days, turn the compost 4 times during the fermentation process, spread the fertilizer and air it until the moisture content is 33%, and high temperature inactivate it to obtain the fermented material;

[0049] S3. Mix and grind the fermentation material and sodium selenite evenly, add them together with selenium-rich functional bacteria, potassium fulvic acid, dendritic polyamide amine, and nano-calcium carbonate into a 1.2% sodium alginate solution and stir for 15 minutes at a stirring speed of 250r / min. Then add them dropwise into a 1.2% calcium chloride solution and stir at a speed of 50r / min for 15 minutes. Let it stand for 80 minutes, filter, and vacuum dry. Then add wood ash and sodium lignin sulfonate and mix evenly. Then send them into a granulator for granulation.

[0050] Example 4

[0051] A selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer for navel oranges comprises raw materials including: 35 kg of dried Chinese milk vetch, 12 kg of livestock and poultry excrement, 25 kg of plant ash, 2 kg of rice husks, 4 kg of sawdust, 4 kg of potassium fulvic acid, 2.5 kg of sodium selenite, 2.5 kg of dendritic polyamidoamine, 6 kg of nano-calcium carbonate, 4 kg of sodium lignin sulfonate, 1.2 kg of compound bacterial agent A, 1.8 kg of compound bacterial agent B, 2.5 kg of selenium-rich functional bacterial agent, and 1.2 kg of sodium alginate.

[0052] Compound microbial agent A includes: live bacteria content of 1.1×10 8 Aspergillus niger per gram, with a live bacteria content of 1.3×10 8 / g of Candida utilis, with a live bacterial content of 1.2×10 8 Lactobacillus acidophilus per gram, with a live bacterial content of 1.2×10 7 The compound bacterial agent B includes: the content of live bacteria is 1.5×10 8 / g of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, with a live bacterial content of 1.8×10 7 Bacillus megaterium phosphate solubilizing / g, with a live bacterial content of 1.2×10 8 Pseudomonas aeruginosa / g. Selenium-rich functional bacteria agent includes: live bacteria content of 1.7×10 8 Selenium-rich yeast / g, with a live bacteria content of 1.3×10 7 Lactic acid bacteria per gram.

[0053] The method for preparing the selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer for navel oranges comprises the following steps:

[0054] S1. Mix dried Chinese milk vetch, rice husks, and sawdust evenly, adjust the moisture content to 55%, add composite bacterial agent A, mix evenly, and ferment anaerobically at 32°C for 3.5 days to obtain a pre-fermented material;

[0055] S2, add livestock and poultry manure and composite bacterial agent B to the pre-fermented material, adjust the moisture content to 58%, aerobic fermentation for 6 days, turn the compost 3 times during the fermentation process, spread the fertilizer and air it until the moisture content is 37%, and high temperature inactivate it to obtain the fermented material;

[0056] S3. Mix and grind the fermentation material and sodium selenite evenly, add them together with selenium-rich functional bacteria, potassium fulvic acid, dendritic polyamide amine, and nano-calcium carbonate into a 0.8% sodium alginate solution and stir for 25 minutes at a stirring speed of 150r / min. Then add them dropwise into a 1.8% calcium chloride solution and stir at a speed of 30r / min for 15 minutes. Let it stand for 100 minutes, filter, and vacuum dry. Then add wood ash and sodium lignin sulfonate and mix evenly. Then send them into a granulator for granulation.

[0057] Example 5

[0058] A selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer for navel oranges comprises raw materials including: 30 kg of dried Chinese milk vetch, 15 kg of livestock and poultry manure, 20 kg of wood ash, 3 kg of rice husks, 3 kg of sawdust, 4.5 kg of potassium fulvic acid, 2 kg of sodium selenite, 2 kg of dendritic polyamidoamine, 6.5 kg of nano-calcium carbonate, 3 kg of sodium lignin sulfonate, 1.5 kg of compound bacterial agent A, 1.5 kg of compound bacterial agent B, 3 kg of selenium-rich functional bacterial agent, and 1 kg of sodium alginate.

[0059] Compound microbial agent A includes: live bacteria content of 1.2×10 8 Aspergillus niger per gram, with a live bacteria content of 1.2×10 8 / g of Candida utilis, with a live bacterial content of 1.5×10 8 Lactobacillus acidophilus / g, with a live bacteria content of 1×10 7 Butyric acid Clostridium per gram. Compound bacterial agent B includes: live bacteria content of 2×10 8 / g of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, with a live bacterial content of 1.5×10 7 Bacillus megaterium phosphate solubilizing / g, with a live bacterial content of 1.4×10 8 Pseudomonas aeruginosa / g. Selenium-rich functional bacteria agent includes: live bacteria content of 1.5×10 8 Selenium-rich yeast / g, with a live bacteria content of 1.5×10 7 Lactic acid bacteria per gram.

[0060] The method for preparing the selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer for navel oranges comprises the following steps:

[0061] S1. Mix dried Chinese milk vetch, rice husks, and sawdust evenly, adjust the moisture content to 50%, add composite bacterial agent A, mix evenly, and ferment anaerobically at 33°C for 3 days to obtain a pre-fermented material;

[0062] S2, add livestock and poultry manure and composite bacterial agent B to the pre-fermented material, adjust the moisture content to 60%, aerobic fermentation for 5 days, turn the compost 4 times during the fermentation process, spread the fertilizer and air it until the moisture content is 35%, and high temperature inactivate it to obtain the fermented material;

[0063] S3. Mix and grind the fermentation material and sodium selenite evenly, add them together with selenium-rich functional bacteria, potassium fulvic acid, dendritic polyamide amine, and nano-calcium carbonate into a 1% sodium alginate solution and stir for 20 minutes at a stirring speed of 200r / min. Then add them dropwise into a 1.5% calcium chloride solution and stir at a speed of 40r / min for 15 minutes. Let it stand for 90 minutes, filter, and vacuum dry. Then add wood ash and sodium lignin sulfonate and mix evenly. Then send them into a granulator for granulation.

[0064] Comparative Example 1

[0065] A selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer for navel oranges comprises raw materials including: 30 kg of dried Chinese milk vetch, 15 kg of livestock and poultry manure, 20 kg of wood ash, 3 kg of rice husks, 3 kg of sawdust, 4.5 kg of potassium fulvic acid, 2 kg of sodium selenite, 2 kg of dendritic polyamidoamine, 6.5 kg of nano-calcium carbonate, 3 kg of sodium lignin sulfonate, 1.5 kg of compound bacterial agent A, 1.5 kg of compound bacterial agent B, 3 kg of selenium-rich functional bacterial agent, and 1 kg of sodium alginate.

[0066] Compound microbial agent A includes: live bacteria content of 1.2×10 8 Aspergillus niger per gram, with a live bacteria content of 1.2×10 8 / g of Candida utilis, with a live bacterial content of 1.5×10 8 Lactobacillus acidophilus / g, with a live bacteria content of 1×10 7 Butyric acid Clostridium per gram. Compound bacterial agent B includes: live bacteria content of 2×10 8 / g of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, with a live bacterial content of 1.5×10 7 Bacillus megaterium phosphate solubilizing / g, with a live bacterial content of 1.4×10 8 Pseudomonas aeruginosa / g. Selenium-rich functional bacteria agent includes: live bacteria content of 1.5×10 8 Selenium-rich yeast / g, with a live bacteria content of 1.5×10 7 Lactic acid bacteria per gram.

[0067] The method for preparing the selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer for navel oranges comprises the following steps:

[0068] S1. Mix the dried Chinese milk vetch, rice husks, and sawdust evenly, adjust the moisture content to 50%, add the composite bacterial agent B, mix evenly, and aerobically ferment for 5 days, turning the compost 4 times during the fermentation process to obtain a pre-fermented material;

[0069] S2. Add livestock and poultry manure and composite bacterial agent A to the pre-fermented material, adjust the moisture content to 60%, anaerobically ferment at 33°C for 3 days, dry in the sun until the moisture content is 35%, and inactivate at high temperature to obtain a fermented material;

[0070] S3. Mix and grind the fermentation material and sodium selenite evenly, add them together with selenium-rich functional bacteria, potassium fulvic acid, dendritic polyamide amine, and nano-calcium carbonate into a 1% sodium alginate solution and stir for 20 minutes at a stirring speed of 200r / min. Then add them dropwise into a 1.5% calcium chloride solution and stir at a speed of 40r / min for 15 minutes. Let it stand for 90 minutes, filter, and vacuum dry. Then add wood ash and sodium lignin sulfonate and mix evenly. Then send them into a granulator for granulation.

[0071] Comparative Example 2

[0072] A selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer for navel oranges comprises raw materials including: 30 kg of dried Chinese milk vetch, 15 kg of livestock and poultry manure, 20 kg of wood ash, 3 kg of rice husks, 3 kg of sawdust, 4.5 kg of potassium fulvic acid, 2 kg of sodium selenite, 2 kg of dendritic polyamidoamine, 6.5 kg of nano-calcium carbonate, 3 kg of sodium lignin sulfonate, 1.5 kg of compound bacterial agent A, 1.5 kg of compound bacterial agent B, 3 kg of selenium-rich functional bacterial agent, and 1 kg of sodium alginate.

[0073] Compound microbial agent A includes: live bacteria content of 1.2×10 8 Aspergillus niger per gram, with a live bacteria content of 1.2×10 8 / g of Candida utilis, with a live bacterial content of 1.5×10 8 Lactobacillus acidophilus / g, with a live bacteria content of 1×10 7 Butyric acid Clostridium per gram. Compound bacterial agent B includes: live bacteria content of 2×10 8 / g of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, with a live bacterial content of 1.5×10 7 Bacillus megaterium phosphate solubilizing / g, with a live bacterial content of 1.4×10 8 Pseudomonas aeruginosa / g. Selenium-rich functional bacteria agent includes: live bacteria content of 1.5×10 8 Selenium-rich yeast / g, with a live bacteria content of 1.5×10 7 Lactic acid bacteria per gram.

[0074] The method for preparing the selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer for navel oranges comprises the following steps:

[0075] S1. Mix dried Chinese milk vetch, rice husks, and sawdust evenly, adjust the moisture content to 50%, add composite bacterial agent A, mix evenly, and ferment anaerobically at 33°C for 3 days to obtain a pre-fermented material;

[0076] S2, add livestock and poultry manure and composite bacterial agent B to the pre-fermented material, adjust the moisture content to 60%, aerobic fermentation for 5 days, turn the compost 4 times during the fermentation process, spread the fertilizer and air it until the moisture content is 35%, and high temperature inactivate it to obtain the fermented material;

[0077] S3. Mix and grind the fermentation material and sodium selenite evenly, add them together with selenium-rich functional bacteria, potassium fulvic acid, and dendritic polyamide amine into a 1% sodium alginate solution and stir for 20 minutes at a stirring speed of 200r / min, then add them dropwise into a 1.5% calcium chloride solution and stir at a speed of 40r / min for 15 minutes. Let it stand for 90 minutes, filter, and vacuum dry. Then add wood ash, nano-calcium carbonate, and sodium lignin sulfonate, mix evenly, and send them to a granulator for granulation.

[0078] Comparative Example 3

[0079] A selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer for navel oranges comprises raw materials including: 30 kg of dried Chinese milk vetch, 15 kg of livestock and poultry manure, 20 kg of plant ash, 3 kg of rice husks, 3 kg of sawdust, 6.5 kg of potassium fulvic acid, 2 kg of sodium selenite, 6.5 kg of nano-calcium carbonate, 3 kg of sodium lignin sulfonate, 1.5 kg of compound bacterial agent A, 1.5 kg of compound bacterial agent B, 3 kg of selenium-rich functional bacterial agent, and 1 kg of sodium alginate.

[0080] Compound microbial agent A includes: live bacteria content of 1.2×10 8 Aspergillus niger per gram, with a live bacteria content of 1.2×10 8 / g of Candida utilis, with a live bacterial content of 1.5×10 8 Lactobacillus acidophilus / g, with a live bacteria content of 1×10 7 Butyric acid Clostridium per gram. Compound bacterial agent B includes: live bacteria content of 2×10 8 / g of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, with a live bacterial content of 1.5×10 7 Bacillus megaterium phosphate solubilizing / g, with a live bacterial content of 1.4×10 8 Pseudomonas aeruginosa / g. Selenium-rich functional bacteria agent includes: live bacteria content of 1.5×10 8 Selenium-rich yeast / g, with a live bacteria content of 1.5×10 7 Lactic acid bacteria per gram.

[0081] The method for preparing the selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer for navel oranges comprises the following steps:

[0082] S1. Mix dried Chinese milk vetch, rice husks, and sawdust evenly, adjust the moisture content to 50%, add composite bacterial agent A, mix evenly, and ferment anaerobically at 33°C for 3 days to obtain a pre-fermented material;

[0083] S2, add livestock and poultry manure and composite bacterial agent B to the pre-fermented material, adjust the moisture content to 60%, aerobic fermentation for 5 days, turn the compost 4 times during the fermentation process, spread the fertilizer and air it until the moisture content is 35%, and high temperature inactivate it to obtain the fermented material;

[0084] S3. Mix and grind the fermentation material and sodium selenite evenly, add them together with selenium-rich functional bacteria, potassium fulvic acid and nano-calcium carbonate into a 1% sodium alginate solution and stir for 20 minutes at a stirring speed of 200r / min, then add them dropwise into a 1.5% calcium chloride solution and stir at a speed of 40r / min for 15 minutes. Let it stand for 90 minutes, filter and vacuum dry. Then add wood ash and sodium lignin sulfonate and mix evenly. Then send them into a granulator for granulation.

[0085] Comparative Example 4

[0086] A selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer for navel oranges comprises raw materials including 30 kg of dried Chinese milk vetch, 15 kg of livestock and poultry excrement, 20 kg of plant ash, 3 kg of rice husks, 3 kg of sawdust, 6.5 kg of potassium fulvic acid, 5 kg of sodium selenite, 2 kg of dendritic polyamidoamine, 6.5 kg of nano-calcium carbonate, 3 kg of sodium lignin sulfonate, 1.5 kg of compound bacterial agent A, 1.5 kg of compound bacterial agent B, and 1 kg of sodium alginate.

[0087] Compound microbial agent A includes: live bacteria content of 1.2×10 8 Aspergillus niger per gram, with a live bacteria content of 1.2×10 8 / g of Candida utilis, with a live bacterial content of 1.5×10 8 Lactobacillus acidophilus / g, with a live bacteria content of 1×10 7 Butyric acid Clostridium per gram. Compound bacterial agent B includes: live bacteria content of 2×10 8 / g of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, with a live bacterial content of 1.5×10 7 Bacillus megaterium phosphate solubilizing / g, with a live bacterial content of 1.4×10 8 Pseudomonas aeruginosa / g. Selenium-rich functional bacteria agent includes: live bacteria content of 1.5×10 8 Selenium-rich yeast / g, with a live bacteria content of 1.5×10 7 Lactic acid bacteria per gram.

[0088] The method for preparing the selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer for navel oranges comprises the following steps:

[0089] S1. Mix dried Chinese milk vetch, rice husks, and sawdust evenly, adjust the moisture content to 50%, add composite bacterial agent A, mix evenly, and ferment anaerobically at 33°C for 3 days to obtain a pre-fermented material;

[0090] S2, add livestock and poultry manure and composite bacterial agent B to the pre-fermented material, adjust the moisture content to 60%, aerobic fermentation for 5 days, turn the compost 4 times during the fermentation process, spread the fertilizer and air it until the moisture content is 35%, and high temperature inactivate it to obtain the fermented material;

[0091] S3. Mix and grind the fermentation material and sodium selenite evenly, add them together with potassium fulvic acid, dendritic polyamide amine and nano calcium carbonate into a 1% sodium alginate solution and stir for 20 minutes at a stirring speed of 200r / min, then add them dropwise into a 1.5% calcium chloride solution and stir at a speed of 40r / min for 15 minutes. Let it stand for 90 minutes, filter and vacuum dry; then add wood ash and sodium lignin sulfonate and mix evenly. Then send them into a granulator for granulation.

[0092] In a navel orange planting area in Dingnan County, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, a comparative experiment on navel orange planting was carried out using the selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizers obtained in Example 5 and Comparative Examples 1-4, with potassium humate selenium-rich compound fertilizer (purchased from Guangdong Duomei Fertilizer Co., Ltd.) as the control group.

[0093] In January of each year, 100 adult navel orange trees were planted in trenches 1-1.5 m long and 20-30 cm wide and deep on both sides of the outer edge of the tree canopy projection. Selenium-enriched bio-organic fertilizer or potassium humate-enriched selenium compound fertilizer obtained in Example 5 or Comparative Examples 1-4 was applied as base fertilizer, at a rate of 30 kg per tree, according to the group. During the planting process, consistent measures (such as field management) were maintained across the groups. Upon maturity, the fruits were harvested uniformly, and their yield and quality were measured.

[0094] Among them, an electronic balance was used to determine the average single fruit weight; the selenium content in navel orange pulp was determined in accordance with GB 5009.93-2017 "National Food Safety Standard - Determination of Selenium in Foods"; the total sugar content was determined by anthrone colorimetry; the soluble solids were determined by a handheld refractometer; and the vitamin C content was determined by 2,6-dichloroindophenol titration.

[0095] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the navel oranges obtained in Example 5 were used to plant adult navel orange trees using selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer. The navel oranges obtained in this group had the highest single fruit weight, yield, selenium content, total sugar content, soluble solids, and vitamin C content, which were better than those in the other groups (P < 0.05).

[0096] The applicant believes that this is because the present invention adopts a compound of fermentation material and sodium selenite. The porous structure formed by fermentation in the fermentation material can effectively adsorb sodium selenite, and is further compounded with potassium fulvate and citric acid, and cross-linked with sodium alginate and calcium chloride to form microspheres. This can not only achieve sustained release of selenium, but also cooperate with the biological action of selenium-enriched functional bacteria agents, so that the selenium element in the navel orange planting process can be fully controlled to fully enrich the selenium element. It can also adapt to the selenium demand law of navel orange growth according to the growth characteristics of navel oranges, and the selenium-enriching effect is stable. The selenium content of navel orange fruit reaches 0.12 mg / kg, which meets the standards for selenium-enriched agricultural products. At the same time, during the fermentation process of the present invention, the composite bacterial agent A (compounded with Aspergillus niger, Candida utilis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Clostridium butyricum) is first used for anaerobic fermentation, which not only accelerates the decomposition of cellulose, but also the metabolites of Lactobacillus acidophilus effectively reduce the pH of the body and inhibit miscellaneous bacteria, while the combination of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Clostridium butyricum promotes the formation of humus, which can effectively improve the stability of the subsequent microsphere structure; then the composite bacterial agent B (compounded with Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bacillus megaterium phosphate-solubilizing, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) is used for aerobic fermentation and compounded with the composite bacterial agent A, so as to promote the fermentation material to fully form a porous structure, and the degree of nutrient dissolution is extremely high; and the selenium-rich functional bacterial agent adopts selenium-rich yeast. When combined with lactic acid bacteria, it can effectively improve the utilization rate of selenium by organisms, and nano-calcium carbonate can stabilize the pH of the system, allowing lactic acid bacteria to remain in a relatively stable selenium concentration range for a long time. Combined with wood ash, it not only does not inhibit the proliferation of lactic acid bacteria, but also encourages lactic acid bacteria to stably convert inorganic selenium into organic selenium. Potassium humate is combined with dendritic polyamide amine, which can cooperate with the active groups of potassium humate to greatly enhance the affinity for selenium. It is not only extremely stable, but also more conducive to the absorption of selenium by the roots of navel oranges, thereby improving the utilization rate of selenium fertilizers. Dendritic polyamide amine can effectively prevent sodium selenite from capturing hydrogen ions in sodium alginate, and has a good coating effect.

[0097] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer for navel orange, characterized in that: The raw materials include, by mass, 20-40 parts of dried Chinese milk vetch, 10-20 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 10-30 parts of wood ash, 1-5 parts of rice husks, 1-5 parts of sawdust, 3-6 parts of potassium fulvic acid, 1-3 parts of sodium selenite, 1-3 parts of dendritic polyamidoamine, 5-8 parts of nano-calcium carbonate, 1-5 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate, 1-2 parts of compound bacterial agent A, 1-2 parts of compound bacterial agent B, 2-4 parts of selenium-enriched functional bacterial agent, and 0.25-1.5 parts of sodium alginate.

2. The selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer for navel orange according to claim 1, wherein The compound bacterial agent A includes: Aspergillus niger, Candida utilis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Clostridium butyricum.

3. The selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer for navel orange according to claim 2, wherein In the composite bacterial agent A, the content of live Aspergillus niger is 1-1.5×108 cells / g, the content of live Candida utilis is 1-1.5×108 cells / g, the content of live Lactobacillus acidophilus is 1-2×108 cells / g, and the content of live Clostridium butyricum is 0.5-1.5×107 cells / g.

4. The selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer for navel orange according to claim 1, wherein The compound bacterial agent B includes: Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bacillus megaterium phosphate-solubilizing, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

5. The selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer for navel orange according to claim 4, wherein The content of live bacteria of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is 1-3×108 / g, the content of live bacteria of Bacillus megaterium phosphate solubilizing is 1-2×107 / g, and the content of live bacteria of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is 1-1.8×108 / g.

6. The selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer for navel orange according to claim 1, characterized in that Selenium-rich functional bacterial agents include: selenium-rich yeast and lactic acid bacteria.

7. The selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer for navel orange according to claim 6, characterized in that: The content of live selenium-enriched yeast is 1-2×108 cells / g, and the content of live lactic acid bacteria is 1-2×107 cells / g.

8. A method for preparing selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer for navel orange according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Mix dried Chinese milk vetch, rice husks, and sawdust evenly, adjust the moisture content to 40-60%, add composite bacterial agent A, mix evenly, and ferment anaerobically at 30-35°C for 2-4 days to obtain a pre-fermented material; S2, add livestock and poultry manure and composite bacterial agent B to the pre-fermented material, adjust the moisture content to 55-65%, aerobic fermentation for 3-7 days, turn the compost 3-4 times during the fermentation process, spread the fertilizer and air it until the moisture content is 30-40%, and high temperature inactivate it to obtain the fermented material; S3. Mix and grind the fermentation material and sodium selenite evenly, add them together with selenium-rich functional bacteria agent, potassium fulvic acid, dendritic polyamide amine, and nano-calcium carbonate into the sodium alginate solution and stir for 10-30 minutes, then add them dropwise into the calcium chloride solution and stir for 10-20 minutes, let it stand for 1-2 hours, filter, and vacuum dry; then add wood ash and sodium lignin sulfonate, mix evenly, and granulate.

9. The method for preparing selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer for navel orange according to claim 8, wherein In S3, the mass fraction of the sodium alginate solution is 0.5-1.5%.

10. The method for preparing the selenium-rich bio-organic fertilizer for navel orange according to claim 8, wherein: In S3, the mass fraction of the calcium chloride solution is 1-2%.

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