Flexible cable net supporting structure for offshore photovoltaic panel

Abstract

The invention discloses a flexible cable net supporting structure for an offshore photovoltaic panel, and the structure comprises a cable net truss which comprises an upper-layer cable net unit and a lower-layer cable net unit, the upper-layer cable net unit and the lower-layer cable net unit are arranged at an interval from top to bottom, the upper-layer cable net unit and the lower-layer cable net unit are connected through a first supporting rod, and the upper-layer cable net unit is suitable for bearing a photovoltaic module; the upper-layer cable net unit comprises a plurality of upper chord cables which are arranged at intervals, and the lower-layer cable net unit comprises a plurality of lower chord cables which are arranged at intervals; the upper chord cable is of a concave structure so as to bear a downward load; the lower chord cable is of an upward convex structure and forms a reverse curvature with the upper chord cable so as to bear an upward load; and the frame truss is arranged at the peripheries of the upper-layer cable net unit and the lower-layer cable net unit and is used for fixing the upper-layer cable net unit and the lower-layer cable net unit. Through the reverse curvature design of the upper and lower double-layer cable nets and the frame trusses, the problem that a traditional single-layer cable net cannot adapt to the offshore bidirectional dynamic load is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of offshore photovoltaic power generation, and in particular to a flexible cable net support structure for offshore photovoltaic panels. Background Art

[0002] Flexible cable-net support structures for offshore photovoltaic panels are used to support offshore photovoltaic panels and are primarily used in offshore photovoltaic power generation projects. Compared to land, the sea offers vast expanses of space and abundant sunshine, creating enormous potential for photovoltaic power generation. However, the complex offshore environment places high demands on the support structure for photovoltaic panels.

[0003] As a flexible component, cable nets are able to withstand significant tensile forces due to their high material strength, but are not suitable for bearing compressive forces. Currently, flexible cable net support structures for photovoltaic panels generally utilize a single layer of fixed-position cable nets, capable of handling loads in only one direction. Unlike onshore conditions, offshore photovoltaic panels are subject to a variety of factors, including weather and sea conditions. When a photovoltaic panel encounters loads in the opposite direction, the cable nets can experience uneven stress, potentially leading to structural damage. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a flexible cable net support structure for offshore photovoltaic panels to solve the problem that traditional single-layer cable nets cannot adapt to bidirectional dynamic loads at sea.

[0005] The present invention provides a flexible cable net support structure for offshore photovoltaic panels, comprising:

[0006] A cable net truss comprises an upper cable net unit and a lower cable net unit spaced apart from each other from top to bottom, the upper cable net unit and the lower cable net unit being connected by a first strut, the upper cable net unit being adapted to carry photovoltaic modules; the upper cable net unit comprising a plurality of spaced apart upper chords, the lower cable net unit comprising a plurality of spaced apart lower chords; the upper chords being concave in configuration to bear downward loads; the lower chords being convex in configuration and forming a reverse curvature with the upper chords to bear upward loads;

[0007] The frame truss is arranged on the periphery of the upper cable net unit and the lower cable net unit and fixes the upper cable net unit and the lower cable net unit.

[0008] The beneficial effects of the flexible cable net support structure for offshore photovoltaic panels are as follows: through the reverse curvature design of the upper and lower double-layer cable nets and the frame trusses, the problem that the traditional single-layer cable net cannot adapt to the bidirectional dynamic loads at sea is effectively solved. The concave design of the upper chord and the convex design of the lower chord form a bidirectional force system. The upper chord is a load-bearing cable, and the upper chord actively bears vertical loads such as the weight of the photovoltaic panel, snow load and wind pressure through the concave configuration. The lower chord is a wind-resistant cable, and the lower chord resists upward loads such as wave impact and buoyancy through the convex configuration. The upper and lower chords form a bidirectional bending-resistant system, which improves the overall bending stiffness of the structure, realizes the coordinated bearing of loads in the upper and lower directions, and effectively avoids the relaxation or breakage of the cable net caused by unilateral overload. In addition, the upper and lower chords are connected by rigid rods to ensure that the upper and lower chords are stressed at the same time and maintain deformation coordination.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the upper chord and the lower chord are arranged in the same direction, and the lower chord is located directly below the upper chord, and each of the upper chords is connected to a lower chord via a plurality of first struts;

[0010] Two adjacent lower chords and / or two adjacent upper chords are connected via a second strut.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the second struts are cross-rigid struts, which enhance the stability of the structure, improve the spatial stiffness and torsional resistance of the entire structure, and enable the photovoltaic panels to maintain a more stable working state when facing a complex and changeable marine environment.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the projection of the upper chord in the horizontal plane is orthogonal to the projection of the lower chord in the horizontal plane, and each of the upper chords is connected to multiple lower chords via multiple first struts.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the frame trusses are triangular trusses, and the frame trusses are arranged in a field shape or a sun shape.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, a plurality of pipe piles are provided below the frame trusses, and the bottoms of the pipe piles are positioned on the seabed bearing layer.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the height of the pipe piles is adjustable to adjust the inclination angle of the cable net truss.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, a connection structure is provided at the connection node between the upper chord and the first support rod, and the connection structure is suitable for positioning the photovoltaic assembly; the connection structure includes:

[0017] An upper connector, wherein a positioning groove is provided at the bottom end of the upper connector along the axial direction of the upper chord, the upper connector is connected to the lower connector, and an upper chord clamping cavity is formed between the positioning groove of the upper connector and the top wall of the lower connector, wherein the upper chord clamping cavity is suitable for clamping and positioning the upper chord; a photovoltaic module clamping groove is provided on the side of the upper connector, which is suitable for clamping the photovoltaic module;

[0018] A lower connecting member, wherein a side portion of the lower connecting member is connected to the first support rod through an ear plate.

[0019] In an optional embodiment, the upper connector includes an upper connector body, and the photovoltaic component clamping groove is provided on the left side and / or right side of the upper connector body; a first plate body and a second plate body are provided on the left side wall and / or right side wall of the upper connector body, and there is a distance between the first plate body and the second plate body and they are surrounded by the side wall of the upper connector body to form the photovoltaic component clamping groove.

[0020] In an optional embodiment, the bottom end of the first plate is provided with teeth;

[0021] And / or, the length of the second plate is greater than that of the first plate, and bolt holes are provided at a position where the second plate extends relative to the first plate, so that the second plate is connected to the photovoltaic assembly by bolts.

[0022] In summary, the technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0023] The present invention consists of pipe piles, cable net trusses, frame trusses, and photovoltaic modules. The cable nets are arranged vertically in two layers. The upper layer of the cable net is a concave negative Gaussian surface, which puts the cable net in tension under vertical loads. The lower layer of the cable net is a convex negative Gaussian surface, which puts the cable net in tension under upward loads, allowing the cable net to cleverly withstand both upward and downward loads. This invention has the advantages of fewer components, light weight, a small number of piles, fast construction, easy transportation and hoisting, strong wind resistance, and high structural bearing capacity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a first structural embodiment of a flexible cable net support structure for offshore photovoltaic panels provided by the invention;

[0026] Figure 2A schematic diagram of the connection structure between the upper and lower chords in a flexible cable net support structure for offshore photovoltaic panels provided by the invention;

[0027] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a cable net truss in a flexible cable net support structure for offshore photovoltaic panels provided by the invention;

[0028] Figure 4 A second structural schematic diagram of a flexible cable net support structure for offshore photovoltaic panels provided by the invention;

[0029] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a second structure of a cable net truss in a flexible cable net support structure for offshore photovoltaic panels provided by the invention;

[0030] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram from a first perspective of a connection structure in a flexible cable net support structure for offshore photovoltaic panels provided by the invention;

[0031] Figure 7 A second perspective structural schematic diagram of a connection structure in a flexible cable net support structure for offshore photovoltaic panels provided by the invention;

[0032] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the connection between a flexible cable net support structure for offshore photovoltaic panels and photovoltaic modules provided by the invention.

[0033] Description of reference numerals:

[0034] 1. Cable net truss, 11. Upper chord, 12. Lower chord, 13. First strut, 14. Second strut, 15. Third strut; 2. Frame truss; 3. Pipe pile; 4. Connection structure, 41. Upper connector, 411. Upper connector body, 412. First plate, 413. Second plate, 414. Bolt hole, 415. Teeth, 42. Lower connector, 421. Lower horizontal plate, 422. First reinforcement plate, 423. Second reinforcement plate, 43. First bolt, 44. Ear plate, 45. Second bolt, 46. Upper chord clamping cavity, 47. Photovoltaic module clamping groove; 5. Photovoltaic panel, 6. Photovoltaic panel frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] China is currently vigorously promoting photovoltaic power generation technology. Major construction sites include mountains, deserts, wetlands, and rooftops. As capacity increases, significant ground space is occupied, leading to a gradual decline in land resources. Consequently, the construction of offshore photovoltaic power stations has become a hotspot in the development of new energy. Unlike onshore conditions, offshore photovoltaics face new challenges, constrained by various factors such as weather and sea conditions. The key challenge is developing photovoltaic mounting systems that are lightweight, wind-resistant, and have high load-bearing capacity.

[0037] Flexible cable-net support structures for offshore photovoltaic panels are used to support offshore photovoltaic panels and are primarily used in offshore photovoltaic power generation projects. Compared to land, the sea offers vast expanses of space and abundant sunshine, creating enormous potential for photovoltaic power generation. However, the complex offshore environment places high demands on the support structure for photovoltaic panels.

[0038] As a flexible component, cable net structures can withstand high tensile forces due to their high material strength, but they are not suitable for bearing compressive forces. Currently, the flexible cable net support structures of offshore photovoltaic panels generally use a single-layer cable net structure, which is fixed in position and can only handle loads in a single direction. Unlike onshore conditions, offshore photovoltaic panels are affected by various factors such as weather and sea conditions. When photovoltaic panels encounter loads in the opposite direction, the cable net structure may be unevenly stressed and even cause structural damage.

[0039] As a flexible component, the cable can withstand large tensile forces due to its high material strength, but cannot withstand compressive forces. Therefore, in order to maximize the material strength during structural layout, it is necessary to set the cable net into a negative curvature surface through the initial shape design. The photovoltaic panel support structure mainly bears downward loads, such as its own weight, snow load, and downward wind load, and also bears upward wind suction. The downward wind load and the upward wind load are not generated at the same time. Based on this, the present invention provides a flexible cable net support structure for offshore photovoltaic panels. The cable net is arranged into two layers in the vertical direction. The upper cable net is a concave negative Gaussian surface, which puts the cable net in a tensile state under vertical loads; the lower cable net is a convex negative Gaussian surface, which puts the cable net in a tensile state under upward loads. Through such a design, the cable net can cleverly withstand upward and downward loads. The present invention solves the problems existing in the prior art through innovative design. The flexible cable net support structure of the present invention adopts a double-layer cable net design. The layers of cable nets are connected to each other by struts to form an overall stable support system. This design can not only withstand loads from different directions, but also effectively disperse the forces, improving the stability and load-bearing capacity of the entire structure. The present invention has the advantages of fewer components, light weight, fewer piles, fast construction speed, easy transportation and hoisting, strong wind resistance, and high structural load-bearing capacity.

[0040] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a flexible cable net support structure for offshore photovoltaic panels is provided, which is combined with Figures 1 to 8 As shown, it includes a cable net truss 1 and a frame truss 2.

[0041] The cable net truss 1 is a planar cable truss unit, comprising an upper cable net unit and a lower cable net unit spaced apart from top to bottom. The upper cable net unit and the lower cable net unit are connected by a first strut 13, and the upper cable net unit is suitable for carrying photovoltaic modules. The upper cable net unit includes a plurality of upper chords 11 spaced apart, and the lower cable net unit includes a plurality of lower chords 12 spaced apart. The upper chords 11 are wind-resistant cables, and the upper chords 11 have a concave configuration to withstand downward loads. The lower chords 12 have a convex configuration and form an inverse curvature with the upper chords 11 to withstand upward loads. The first strut 13 is a vertical rigid strut. The upper and lower cable nets form a spatial truss system through the rigid struts, significantly improving the ability to resist lateral displacement and torsional deformation.

[0042] The frame trusses 2 are arranged on the periphery of the upper cable net unit and the lower cable net unit and fix the upper cable net unit and the lower cable net unit.

[0043] The above-mentioned flexible cable net support structure for offshore photovoltaic panels effectively solves the problem that traditional single-layer cable nets cannot adapt to bidirectional dynamic loads at sea through the reverse curvature design of the upper and lower double-layer cable nets and the frame truss 2. A bidirectional force system is formed by the concave design of the upper chord 11 and the convex design of the lower chord 12. The upper chord 11 is a load-bearing cable, and the upper chord 11 actively bears vertical loads such as the weight of the photovoltaic panel, snow load and wind pressure through the concave configuration. The lower chord 12 is a wind-resistant cable, and the lower chord 12 resists upward loads such as wave impact and buoyancy through the convex configuration. The upper chord 11 and the lower chord 12 form a bidirectional bending-resistant system, which improves the overall bending stiffness of the structure, realizes the coordinated bearing of loads in the upper and lower directions, and effectively avoids the relaxation or breakage of the cable net caused by unilateral overload.

[0044] In addition, the upper chord 11 and the lower chord 12 are connected by a rigid rod to ensure that the upper and lower chords are stressed at the same time and maintain coordinated deformation.

[0045] The coordinated design of the concave curvature of the upper chord and the convex curvature of the lower chord achieves adaptability and dynamic balance in the bidirectional force-bearing system, automatically responding to complex environmental loads without human intervention. During initial tensioning, the upper and lower chords are pre-stressed with reversed forces (e.g., pre-tensioning the upper chord and pre-compressing the lower chord) to achieve an internal stress equilibrium. When external loads are disturbed, the upper and lower chords automatically adjust their load states to the new equilibrium requirements based on the magnitude and direction of the external load, without the need for external adjustment devices.

[0046] In some embodiments, combined Figures 1 to 3As shown, the upper chord 11 and the lower chord 12 are arranged in the same direction, and the lower chord 12 is located directly below the upper chord 11. Each upper chord 11 is connected to a lower chord 12 via multiple first struts 13. The first struts 13, as the key component connecting the upper chord 11 and the lower chord 12, have sufficient strength to withstand the weight of the photovoltaic panels and various loads generated by the external environment, and effectively transfer the load to the upper chord 11 and the lower chord 12 to achieve uniform load distribution. The adjacent lower chords 12 and / or the adjacent upper chords 11 are connected by second struts 14. The provision of second struts 14 enhances the connection strength between adjacent chords, improving the ability of the entire cable net support structure to resist crosswinds and wave impacts.

[0047] To ensure out-of-plane stability of the planar cable units, cross-rigid rods are arranged between the units for support. More specifically, the second bracing rods 14 are cross-rigid rods, which enhance the stability of the structure, improving its spatial rigidity and torsional resistance, allowing the photovoltaic panels to maintain a more stable operating state in the complex and changing marine environment.

[0048] As an alternative embodiment, in combination with Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in order to increase the torsional stiffness of the platform, the lower chord can be arranged orthogonally to the upper chord, that is, the projection of the upper chord 11 in the horizontal plane is arranged orthogonally to the projection of the lower chord 12 in the horizontal plane. Each upper chord 11 is connected to multiple lower chords 12 through multiple first struts 13 to form a stable cable net structure system, eliminating the rigid cross struts.

[0049] In some embodiments, a plurality of pipe piles 3 are provided below the frame trusses 2. The bottoms of the pipe piles 3 are positioned on the seabed bearing layer, acting as piles and columns. Preferably, four steel pipe piles are provided below the frame trusses 2 for support.

[0050] The height of the pipe piles 3 is adjustable to adjust the inclination of the cable net truss 1, and thus the inclination of the photovoltaic panels. For example, the upper platform's inclination can be adjusted by making the rear row of steel pipe piles taller than the front row to achieve the optimal power generation angle. The spacing between adjacent pipe piles 3 can reach over 60 meters, effectively reducing the number of piles and improving offshore installation efficiency.

[0051] In some embodiments, the frame truss 2 is a triangular truss, which has a higher bearing capacity. The frame truss 2 serves as the platform skeleton and can be arranged in a field shape or a sun shape according to the platform size, bearing the tension of the cable net and transmitting it to the pipe piles 3.

[0052] In some embodiments, a connection structure 4 is provided at the connection node between the upper chord 11 and the first strut 13 . The connection structure 4 is suitable for positioning the photovoltaic module and includes an upper connector 41 and a lower connector 42 .

[0053] The bottom end of the upper connector 41 is provided with a positioning groove along the axial direction of the upper chord 11. More specifically, the upper connector 41 is arranged in a "F" shape. The upper connector 41 is connected to the lower connector 42, and an upper chord clamping cavity 46 is formed between the positioning groove of the upper connector 41 and the top wall of the lower connector 42. The upper chord clamping cavity 46 is suitable for clamping and positioning the upper chord 11. The upper chord is connected using a splint-type connection and is fixed between the upper and lower connectors by four first bolts 43. The axial friction of the cable ensures the fixed joint.

[0054] The side of the upper connector 41 is provided with a photovoltaic module clamping groove 47 suitable for clamping a photovoltaic module. The upper connector 41 includes an upper connector body 411, which includes an upper horizontal plate and two vertical plates spaced apart above the upper horizontal plate. The photovoltaic module clamping groove 47 is provided on the left and / or right sides of the upper connector body 411. A first plate 412 and a second plate 413 are provided on the left and / or right sides of the upper connector body 411. The first and second plates 412 and 413 are spaced apart and enclose the side walls of the upper connector body 411 to form the photovoltaic module clamping groove 47. The bottom end of the first plate 412 is provided with teeth 415, which are arranged to increase friction. The second plate 413 is longer than the first plate 412 and is provided with bolt holes 414 at the position where the second plate 413 extends relative to the first plate 412, allowing for a bolted connection between the second plate 413 and the photovoltaic module. More specifically, the photovoltaic panel frame 6 is connected to the upper connecting member by bolts and fixed by teeth to maintain stability, thereby achieving positioning of the photovoltaic panel 5.

[0055] The lower connector serves to connect the rigid struts. Lugs 44 are provided on the sides of the lower connector 42. These lugs 44 are connected to the first strut 13 via second bolts 45, making installation convenient and efficient. The lower connector 42 comprises a lower horizontal plate 421, a first reinforcement plate 422, and a second reinforcement plate 423. The first reinforcement plate 422 is positioned at the bottom center of the lower horizontal plate 421, while the second reinforcement plate 423 is positioned to the side of the first reinforcement plate 422. The lugs are also positioned to the side of the second reinforcement plate 423. The positioning grooves of the upper horizontal plate and the lower horizontal plate 421 form an upper chord clamping cavity 46.

[0056] To further increase the connection strength between the upper and lower cable net units, two third struts 15 are connected to the sides of the lower connector 42 in this embodiment. The two third struts 15 are arranged obliquely and crosswise. The third struts 15 can be connected to the adjacent lower chords 12.

[0057] The specific installation method of the above-mentioned flexible cable net support structure for offshore photovoltaic panels is as follows:

[0058] The support platform of the photovoltaic module is installed on the ground. The frame truss 2 can be assembled into a single truss in the processing plant and assembled into a whole at the seaside construction site. Due to the large rigidity of the frame truss, the cable can be installed after assembly. After tensioning to the specified value, the photovoltaic panel can be installed.

[0059] Then it is hoisted onto a transport ship, shipped to the construction site, and hoisted and fixed on steel pipe piles.

[0060] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such modifications and variations are all within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A flexible cable net support structure for offshore photovoltaic panels, characterized in that: include: A cable net truss (1) comprises an upper layer cable net unit and a lower layer cable net unit arranged at intervals from top to bottom, wherein the upper layer cable net unit and the lower layer cable net unit are connected via a first strut (13), and the upper layer cable net unit is suitable for carrying photovoltaic modules; the upper layer cable net unit comprises a plurality of upper chords (11) arranged at intervals, and the lower layer cable net unit comprises a plurality of lower chords (12) arranged at intervals; the upper chords (11) are of a concave configuration to bear downward loads; the lower chords (12) are of a convex configuration and form a reverse curvature with the upper chords (11) to bear upward loads; The frame truss (2) is arranged on the periphery of the upper cable net unit and the lower cable net unit and fixes the upper cable net unit and the lower cable net unit.

2. The offshore photovoltaic panel flexible cable net support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper chord (11) and the lower chord (12) are arranged in the same direction, and the lower chord (12) is located directly below the upper chord (11), and each upper chord (11) is connected to a lower chord (12) through a plurality of first struts (13); Two adjacent lower chords (12) and / or two adjacent upper chords (11) are connected via a second strut (14).

3. The offshore photovoltaic panel flexible cable net support structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second strut (14) is a cross rigid strut.

4. The offshore photovoltaic panel flexible cable net support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The projection of the upper chord (11) in the horizontal plane is orthogonally arranged to the projection of the lower chord (12) in the horizontal plane, and each of the upper chords (11) is connected to multiple lower chords (12) via multiple first struts (13).

5. The offshore photovoltaic panel flexible cable net support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame trusses (2) are triangular trusses, and the frame trusses (2) are arranged in a field shape or a sun shape.

6. The flexible cable net support structure for offshore photovoltaic panels according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A plurality of pipe piles (3) are arranged below the frame truss (2), and the bottoms of the pipe piles (3) are positioned on the seabed bearing layer.

7. The offshore photovoltaic panel flexible cable net support structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The height of the pipe pile (3) is adjustable to adjust the inclination angle of the cable net truss (1).

8. The flexible cable net support structure for offshore photovoltaic panels according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A connection structure (4) is provided at the connection node position between the upper chord (11) and the first support rod (13), and the connection structure (4) is suitable for positioning the photovoltaic assembly; the connection structure (4) comprises: An upper connecting member (41), wherein a positioning groove is provided at the bottom end of the upper connecting member (41) along the axial direction of the upper chord (11), the upper connecting member (41) is connected to the lower connecting member (42), and an upper chord clamping cavity (46) is formed between the positioning groove of the upper connecting member (41) and the top wall of the lower connecting member (42), wherein the upper chord clamping cavity (46) is suitable for clamping and positioning the upper chord (11); and a photovoltaic component clamping groove (47) suitable for clamping the photovoltaic component is provided on the side of the upper connecting member (41); A lower connecting member (42), the side of which is connected to the first support rod (13) via an ear plate (44).

9. The offshore photovoltaic panel flexible cable net support structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The upper connector (41) comprises an upper connector body (411), and the photovoltaic component clamping groove (47) is provided on the left side and / or right side of the upper connector body (411); a first plate body (412) and a second plate body (413) are provided on the left side wall and / or right side wall of the upper connector body (411), and a distance is provided between the first plate body (412) and the second plate body (413), and the photovoltaic component clamping groove (47) is formed by surrounding the side wall of the upper connector body (411).

10. The offshore photovoltaic panel flexible cable net support structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The bottom end of the first plate (412) is provided with teeth (415); And / or, the length of the second plate (413) is greater than the length of the first plate (412), and a bolt hole (414) is provided at a position where the second plate (413) extends relative to the first plate (412), so that the second plate (413) and the photovoltaic assembly are connected by bolts.

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