Self-adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum drilling, and particularly relates to a self-adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar which comprises a force storage assembly and a torsional impact assembly. The self-adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar has three states: a normal drilling state, a force storage state and a torsion impact state. When the drilling process is normally carried out, the self-adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar can be used as a drill column to realize the function of transmitting torque and bit pressure; when the lower drill column is stuck, the large hook is used for realizing the force storage process of the upper drill column; and the accumulated torsion is released after reaching a calculated value, so that large-torsion jarring jam releasing is realized. According to the method, the control process of torsion accumulation of the underground drill column is achieved, and the problem that the torque of the top drive cannot be effectively transmitted to the target position is effectively solved. The unfreezing efficiency is effectively improved while the unfreezing impact torque is improved, and research and development of the tool have important significance on safe, smooth and efficient drilling process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the fields of oil drilling, mining, geological drilling and the like, and particularly relates to an adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar for unjamming a drill string. Background Art

[0002] In oil drilling operations, stuck drillstrings are a core risk that can lead to increased nonproductive time, increased costs, and even wellbore abandonment. Traditional drillstring unstuck tools and methods have evolved over the years, resulting in a suite of solutions primarily based on mechanical, hydraulic, chemical, and explosive technologies. However, these solutions still have significant limitations in complex formations, deep wells, and challenging wells. Traditional mechanical unstuck tools rely on the integrity and rigidity of the drillstring to transmit force. While jars, which use impact force to unstuck drillstrings, are effective, their effectiveness is limited by the depth of the stuck point and formation resistance. Friction between the drillstring and the wellbore wall, as well as support pressure, results in extremely low transmission efficiency of the upper torque and axial tension and compression, making it impossible to achieve the desired impact force and resulting in a very high unstuck failure rate. Based on the direction of the jarring force, jarring unstuck technologies are primarily categorized as axial jarring and torsional jarring. These two methods differ significantly in their principles, applicable scenarios, and effectiveness. Torsional jarring, due to its unique advantages, is becoming the preferred choice for complex stuck drillstring operations.

[0003] For these reasons, the development of an adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar for drill string unstuck operations is of great significance. After a stuck drill string incident, the adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar controls the torsional deformation of the upper drill string, storing the torsional force as it deforms. Based on specific needs, sufficient torsional force is accumulated to allow the upper drill string to recover, allowing the torsional force to be released all at once, generating an extremely high torsional jarring force. This extremely high torsional jarring force significantly increases the success rate of unstuck drill strings, thereby reducing non-productive time. Therefore, the development of this technology is of great significance to the entire oil industry. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar to solve the drill string unstuck related problems described in the background art and improve drilling efficiency. When the lower drill string is operating normally and no problems such as drill sticking occur, the present invention acts as a drill rod connecting the upper drill string and the lower drill string, transmitting only torque and drilling pressure. When a drill sticking accident occurs in the lower drill string, the lower drill string is stuck, and the upper drill string is raised and lowered by controlling the large hook, thereby activating and storing the power storage assembly in the adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar. Each time the upper drill string is raised or lowered, a torsion angle is generated at the power storage assembly, and the torsional force is stored in the form of torsional deformation of the upper drill string. Starting from the basic equation of torsion, the shear strain of each layer in the drill string is considered. For a circular cross-section such as the drill string, the shear stress generated by torsion varies along the radial direction, and within the elastic range, the relationship between shear stress and shear strain is linear (conforming to Hooke's law). In elasticity, the torsional deformation of a cylinder satisfies the following formula: ; is the cylinder's torsion angle, the angular difference between its two axis lines; is the accumulated torque; is the length of the upper drill string; and is the polar moment of inertia of the drill string cross section, representing the resistance to torsion, which depends solely on the drill string's dimensions and material properties. As the preceding formula demonstrates, the accumulated torque of the upper drill string can be continuously increased by gradually increasing the drill string's torsion angle. The threshold for accumulated torque is the maximum torque the upper drill string can withstand.

[0005] The permissible torsional jarring force for stuck drills varies depending on the well conditions. During the unstuck process, the required torsional jarring range is pre-determined based on the formation information where the drill is stuck. The torsional angle of the drill string is then controlled based on the number of times the upper drill string is raised and lowered to achieve the desired torsional jarring force.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: an adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar, characterized in that: the adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar is located between the upper drill string and the lower drill collar or stabilizer, and includes a power storage assembly and a torsional impact assembly. The power storage assembly includes an upper joint, a scraper ring, a sealing ring, a V-shaped sealing ring group, a core shaft support sleeve, an upper shell, an O-ring, a configuration module shell, an upper plug, a wear ring, a pressure-bearing connector, a pressure-transmitting connector, an upper spline shell, a jar core shaft, and a lower spline joint; the upper end of the power storage assembly is connected to the upper drill string, realizing the independent rotation of the internal rotating parts and the shell to a certain extent, and the torque is transmitted to the shell through the upper joint, the pressure-bearing connector, and the jar core shaft, and the drilling pressure is transmitted to the pressure-transmitting connector through the upper joint and the pressure-bearing connector. The spline on the jar core shaft is engaged with the lower spline joint, and the pressure-bearing connector can move axially in the configuration module shell.

[0007] The torsional impact assembly includes an impact shell, a lower joint, a lower joint shell, a piston, a piston seal, and an O-ring. Each time the upper drill string is lifted and lowered within a small range, a torsion angle is accumulated for the upper drill string. This process repeats itself, and the torsion angles are linearly superimposed. When the target torque is accumulated, the upper drill string is significantly lifted. At this time, the spline on the shock mandrel disengages from the upper spline shell, and the accumulated torque is completely released, causing the impact hammer below the shock mandrel to strike the impact shell.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) Compared with the traditional axial torsion jar, the adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar utilizes torsion jar with better jamming effect, thereby improving the success rate of jamming; (2) The required torsional impact force can be linearly controlled and adjusted, and the adjustment range is very wide; (3) Compared with the traditional torsion jar, the torsional force required for the operation of the present invention does not depend on the ground, thus avoiding the loss of force caused by problems such as support pressure and friction; BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Attachment Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar of the present invention; Attachment Figure 1 Parts names: 1-upper connector, 2-scraper ring, 3-sealing ring, 4-V-type sealing ring assembly, 5-core shaft support sleeve, 6-upper housing, 7-O-ring, 8-configuration module housing, 9-upper plug, 10-wear ring, 11-pressure connector, 12-pressure transmission connector, 13-upper spline housing, 14-shock core shaft, 15-lower spline connector, 16-impact housing, 17-lower connector, 18-lower connector housing, 19-piston, 20-piston sealing ring, 21-O-ring; Attachment Figure 2 A logic flow chart is used for tool control according to the present invention; Attachment Figure 3 is an isometric view of the jarring mandrel of the present invention; Attachment Figure 4 is an isometric view of the lower spline joint of the present invention; Attachment Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the upper spline housing of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: See attached Figure 1, the technical solution of the present invention is: an adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar, characterized in that: the torsion vibrator while drilling is located between the upper drill string and the stabilizer or drill collar, including a power storage assembly and a torsional impact assembly; the power storage assembly includes an upper joint 1, a scraper ring 2, a sealing ring 3, a V-shaped sealing ring group 4, a core shaft support sleeve 5, an upper shell 6, an O-ring 7, a configuration module shell 8, an upper plug 9, a wear ring 10, a pressure-bearing connector 11, a pressure transmission connector 12, an upper spline shell 13, a shock core shaft 14, and a lower spline joint 15; the upper end of the power storage assembly is connected to the drill string to achieve lifting and lowering at critical moments, the upper joint 1 is connected to the pressure-bearing connector 11 by a thread, the drilling pressure and torque are transmitted downwardly through the pressure-bearing connector 11, the upper drilling pressure is transmitted to the pressure transmission connector 12 through the pressure-bearing connector 11, and the torque is transmitted from the pressure-bearing connector 11 to the shock core shaft 14 and then to the tool shell; the torsional impact assembly includes an impact shell 16, a lower Connector 17, lower connector housing 18, piston 19, piston seal 20, O-ring 21; after the upper force storage assembly accumulates sufficient torque, the torsional impact assembly strikes the jarring core shaft 14 to generate a torsional impact. The jarring core shaft 14 carries enormous kinetic energy and torque and impacts the impact housing 16, which transmits this torsional impact downward to the drill bit. The force storage assembly and torsional impact assembly do not operate under normal drilling conditions. The adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar only functions as a drill pipe to transmit torque and bit pressure. In a specific working example, the drilling fluid flows through the upper joint 1, the pressure-bearing connector 11, and the shock mandrel 14, and the drilling fluid does not participate in the working process of the adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential shock jar. Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 When a drill sticking accident occurs below the adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar, the large hook is controlled to slightly lift the upper drill string. The lifting amplitude is calculated by the length of the upper drill string and the spline length of the lower spline joint 15. Every time the upper drill string is pulled up or lowered, a torsional deflection angle is generated in the upper drill string, and the torsional force is stored in the form of torsional deformation of the upper drill string. Within the circumferential elastic deformation range of the upper drill string, each torsional deformation will accumulate a certain amount of torque, and the deformation amount and the torque are linearly related, which is easy to control. When the torque accumulated in the upper drill string reaches a predetermined value, the upper drill string is pulled up a large distance. At this time, the splines on the shock mandrel 14 are disengaged from the internal splines of the upper spline shell 13 and enter the space above the upper spline shell 13. The impact hammer 1402 on the shock mandrel 14 and the impact seat 1601 in the impact shell 16 are in the same axial position. At the moment the shock mandrel 14 is disengaged from the spline shell 13, the torque stored in the upper drill string is released, and the shock mandrel 14 impacts the impact shell 16 to achieve a torsional shock.

[0011] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to perform equivalent replacements on some of the relevant technical parameters. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. Adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar, characterized by: The adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar is located between the upper drill string, drill collar and centralizer, and includes a power storage assembly and a torsional impact assembly; The power storage assembly comprises an upper joint (1), a scraper ring (2), a sealing ring (3), a V-shaped sealing ring group (4), a core shaft support sleeve (5), an upper shell (6), an O-ring (7), a configuration module shell (8), an upper plug (9), a wear ring (10), a pressure-bearing connector (11), a pressure-transmitting connector (12), an upper spline shell (13), a shock core shaft (14), and a lower spline joint (15); the upper end of the power storage assembly is connected to the drill string to achieve lifting and lowering at critical moments, the upper joint (1) is connected to the pressure-bearing connector (11) through a thread, the drilling pressure and torque are transmitted downward through the pressure-bearing connector (11), the upper drilling pressure is transmitted to the pressure-transmitting connector (12) through the pressure-bearing connector (11), and the torque is transmitted from the pressure-bearing connector (11) to the shock core shaft (14) and then to the tool shell; The torsional impact assembly comprises an impact shell (16), a lower joint (17), a lower joint shell (18), a piston (19), a piston seal (20), and an O-ring (21); after the upper power storage assembly accumulates sufficient torque, the torsional impact assembly causes the shock core shaft (14) to generate a torsional impact, and the shock core shaft (14) carries huge kinetic energy and torque to impact the impact shell (16), and the impact shell (16) transmits the torsional impact downward to the drill stuck position; The adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar drives the upper joint (1), the pressure-bearing connector (11), and the jarring core shaft (14) to move up and down by lifting the upper drill string below. The structural features of the upper spline shell (13) and the lower spline joint (15) are utilized to cause the upper joint (1) and the upper drill string to generate torsional deformation, and the torsional force is stored and accumulated in the form of the deformation amount of the torsional deformation of the upper drill string.

2. The adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar according to claim 1, characterized in that: An upper inner spline (1301) is provided on the upper spline housing (13), and a wedge angle is formed on the lower portion of the upper inner spline (1301). A spline groove is also provided on the lower spline joint (15), and a wedge angle is also formed on the upper portion thereof. After the upper spline housing (13) and the lower spline joint (15) are connected, there is a misalignment angle between the spline grooves in the circumferential direction. The upper portion of the shock mandrel (14) is a torsion spline (1401), and the upper and lower ends of the torsion spline (1401) are shaped to match the wedge angles of the upper spline housing (13) and the lower spline joint (15). The lower portion of the shock mandrel (14) is provided with an impact hammer (1402), and the inner wall of the impact housing (16) is provided with an upper impact seat (1601) and a lower impact seat (1602) that are staggeredly distributed above and below.

3. The adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper housing (6), the configuration module housing (8), the pressure transmission joint (12), the upper spline housing (13), the lower spline joint (15), the impact housing (16), the lower joint (17), and the lower joint housing (18) are connected by threaded buckles, and O-rings (7) are provided between these threaded buckles for sealing; during the working period when the tool does not need to generate shock, the torsion spline (1401) is engaged with the lower spline joint (15), and the lower part of the pressure-bearing connector (11) is against the upper end of the pressure transmission joint (12).

4. The adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adaptive multi-stage energy storage circumferential jar uses its power storage assembly to achieve multi-stage power storage. Both lifting and lowering will generate torsion, and the controlled torsion angle has multiple levels. If the number of lifting and lowering is defined as "N", then when "N" meets the torque required by the project, when the Nth time is lifting, the output is completed; when the Nth time is lowering, the torsional shock is output after the N+1th time.

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