River cascade development design scheduling method based on ecological flow linkage

Abstract

The invention discloses a river cascade development design scheduling method based on ecological flow linkage, and relates to the technical field of river ecology, and the method comprises the following steps: entering a hydrological analysis end, collecting the flow and water temperature of a river in real time, and investigating the spawning site position, breeding time and breeding temperature of existing domestic fish; according to the method, by calculating the minimum ecological flow and the flow pulse requirement required by breeding and controlling the discharged flow of the reservoirs and the chain connection of the flow of the upstream and downstream reservoirs in a graded mode, coherent scheduling of the ecological flow of the whole watershed is guaranteed, and the ecological water use requirement of the river channel is met, and the temperature calculation unit quantifies the water temperature attenuation process through a formula; and the judgment unit is combined to compare water temperature data, decide to release surface or middle water and accurately match the temperature required by breeding, so that the ecological requirements of fish breeding on water temperature and flow are met, the reservoir regulation logic is optimized, the systematicness and effectiveness of drainage basin ecological protection are improved, and a technical support is provided for water ecological health maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of river ecological technology, and in particular to a river cascade development design and scheduling method based on ecological flow connection. Background Art

[0002] Ecological flow is crucial for maintaining river ecosystems and promoting the natural reproduction of fish. Currently, there is limited research on ecological flow processes defined based on species physiology, particularly on the ecological flow required for the natural reproduction of domestic fish. Domestic fish, including the four major carps, experience significant changes in hydrological and hydrodynamic conditions following the construction of cascade water conservancy projects along rivers. As typical spawning species, the reproduction of the four major carps is influenced by a variety of hydrological conditions, including water temperature, flooding process, initial flow, and flooding time. Water conservancy project construction has impacted fish spawning and reproduction. Current reservoir scheduling plans primarily focus on flood control, power generation, and water supply, but lack consideration of the ecological flow scheduling needs for fish reproduction.

[0003] At present, the existing technology lacks in-depth research on the ecological flow required for the natural reproduction of the four major carps, and it is impossible to accurately determine the appropriate ecological flow process. The construction of cascade water conservancy hubs has changed the original hydrological and hydrodynamic conditions of the river, which has had a negative impact on the spawning and reproduction of the four major carps. Their spawning grounds have migrated, fragmented, or even disappeared. The current reservoir scheduling plan has not fully considered the ecological flow requirements for fish reproduction, and it is difficult to create ecological hydrological conditions and ecological flow processes that are conducive to the spawning and reproduction of the four major carps, which is not conducive to the stability of the river ecosystem and the protection of fish resources.

[0004] Therefore, a river cascade development design and scheduling method based on ecological flow connection is proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a river cascade development design and scheduling method based on ecological flow connection to solve the problems raised in the above background.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a river cascade development design and scheduling method based on ecological flow connection, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Enter the hydrological analysis terminal, collect real-time river flow and water temperature, and investigate the spawning grounds, breeding time, and breeding temperature of existing domestic fish;

[0008] Step 2: Enter the demand survey end, calculate the minimum ecological flow and flow pulse demand of domestic fish during the breeding season, and calculate the release flow of reservoir operation at different stages based on the minimum ecological flow and flow pulse demand;

[0009] Step 3: Enter the multi-reservoir coordination terminal and monitor the surface and middle water temperatures in real time by deploying temperature sensors vertically in the upstream and midstream reservoirs. Combined with the temperature requirements for fish reproduction, the discharge layer is dynamically determined. The flow rate to be released from the upstream and midstream reservoirs is calculated, as well as the temperature of the water after attenuation from the upstream water flow to the midstream reservoir. The water temperature to be discharged from the midstream is calculated, and the discharge layer of the midstream reservoir is determined.

[0010] Furthermore, the hydrological analysis terminal includes a water temperature acquisition unit, a history storage unit, and a comprehensive investigation unit;

[0011] The water temperature collection unit is used to collect water flow and temperature information in real time by arranging temperature sensors and water flow sensors at equal intervals around the river channel;

[0012] The historical storage unit is used for edge devices to receive and store water flow and temperature information collected in real time;

[0013] The comprehensive survey unit is used for field surveys and dynamic monitoring of monitoring points to collect information on the spawning sites, breeding time and breeding temperature of existing domestic fish.

[0014] Furthermore, the demand survey end includes an ecological demand unit and a flow control unit;

[0015] The ecological demand unit includes a minimum unit and a pulse unit;

[0016] S1: The minimum unit is used to calculate the minimum ecological flow of domestic fish, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0017] Q eco-min =max(0.4Q avg ,Q min-hist );

[0018] Among them, Q eco-min represents the minimum ecological flow, Q avg represents the average flow of the river cycle (month), Q min-hist Represents the minimum ecological flow in the same period of history;

[0019] S2: The pulse unit is used to calculate the flow pulse demand required for fish reproduction. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0020]

[0021] Among them, Q pulse represents the flow pulse demand value, ΔQ represents the flow change, Q min-hist represents the minimum ecological flow in the same period of history, Q eco-min Represents the minimum ecological flow.

[0022] Furthermore, the flow control unit includes a first gradient unit and a second gradient unit;

[0023] (1): The first gradient unit is used to calculate the discharge flow of the reservoir during the breeding season. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0024]

[0025] Among them, Q release represents the outflow rate of the reservoir during the breeding season, S res represents the actual amount of water stored in the reservoir at the time of dispatch, I represents the inflow, S min represents the dead storage capacity of the reservoir, and t represents the dispatching period;

[0026] (2) The second gradient unit is used to calculate the outflow rate of the reservoir during the non-breeding season. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0027]

[0028] Among them, Q rew represents the outflow from the reservoir during the non-breeding season, S max Represents the flood limit water level reservoir capacity.

[0029] Furthermore, the multi-database collaboration terminal includes a temperature acquisition unit, a flow collaboration unit and a temperature calculation unit.

[0030] Furthermore, the temperature acquisition unit is used to monitor the surface and middle water temperatures in real time by deploying temperature sensors in the vertical direction of the upstream and midstream reservoirs.

[0031] Furthermore, the flow coordination unit is used to coordinate through the upstream reservoir and the downstream reservoir, calculate the downstream flow of the midstream reservoir by calculating the downstream flow discharged by the upstream reservoir during the breeding period and bringing it into the inflow source in the midstream reservoir.

[0032] Furthermore, the temperature calculation unit includes an upstream temperature attenuation unit, a midstream temperature unit and a judgment unit;

[0033] The upstream temperature attenuation unit is used to calculate the temperature value of the water temperature of the upstream reservoir after attenuation to the midstream reservoir. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0034] T up =T q -ΔT×L;

[0035] Among them, T up Represents the temperature value after attenuation, T q represents the water temperature of the upstream reservoir, ΔT represents the attenuation gradient, and L represents the propagation distance.

[0036] Furthermore, the midstream temperature unit is used to calculate the water temperature to be discharged from the midstream, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0037] T min =T tar get -(T tar get -T up );

[0038] Among them, T min Represents the water temperature required to be discharged from the midstream, T tar get Represents the temperature required for reproduction.

[0039] Furthermore, the judgment unit is used to obtain the surface water temperature T1 and the middle water temperature T2 of the midstream reservoir using a temperature sensor. If T min Close to T1, the midstream reservoir will release surface water first. min Close to T2, the midstream reservoir will release the middle layer water first.

[0040] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0041] 1. In the present invention, the flow and water temperature of the river are collected in real time through the hydrological analysis terminal, and the spawning ground location, breeding time and breeding temperature of existing domestic fish are investigated to provide a temperature information basis. At the same time, the minimum ecological flow is calculated to ensure the basic ecological water use of the river, avoid the degradation of the water ecosystem due to insufficient flow, maintain the habitat of domestic fish, and calculate the flow pulse demand required for domestic fish reproduction. This provides key breeding hydrological conditions for domestic fish that rely on drifting spawning, promotes the natural reproduction of their populations, helps restore fish resources, improves the stability of aquatic ecosystems, and balances the functions of water conservancy projects with ecological protection needs. It not only plays the role of reservoirs in energy, flood control and other fields, but also restores river ecology through ecological flow regulation and promotes the sustainable development of the basin.

[0042] 2. In the present invention, the flow control unit calls the model in different periods. When in the breeding period, the "maximum value" logic is used to maintain the ecological minimum flow bottom line, and the adjustable flow is calculated in combination with the real-time storage capacity and inflow flow of the reservoir to ensure sufficient discharge flow during the breeding period and provide suitable hydrological conditions for biological reproduction. Through the "minimum value" constraint, while meeting the basic ecological flow, the discharge flow is avoided from exceeding the flood limit storage capacity safety range, and the ecological protection is balanced with the reservoir's flood control, water storage and other functions, to achieve dynamic and precise regulation in different periods.

[0043] 3. In the present invention, sensors are deployed in the vertical direction of the reservoir through the temperature acquisition unit to obtain surface and middle layer water temperature data in real time, providing a fine monitoring basis for water temperature regulation and ensuring dynamic perception of the water ecological environment. The flow coordination unit uses the discharge flow of the upstream reservoir as the input for calculating the midstream inflow flow, realizing the chain connection of upstream and downstream flows, ensuring the coherent scheduling of the ecological flow of the entire river basin, and meeting the ecological water demand of the river. The temperature calculation unit quantifies the water temperature attenuation process through a formula, combines with the judgment unit to compare the water temperature data, and decides to release surface or middle layer water, accurately matching the temperature required for reproduction, meeting the ecological needs of fish reproduction for water temperature and flow, and optimizing the reservoir scheduling logic, improving the systematicness and effectiveness of river basin ecological protection, and providing technical support for maintaining the health of water ecology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a river cascade development design and scheduling method based on ecological flow connection according to the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a framework diagram of a river cascade development design and scheduling method based on ecological flow connection in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] Implementation

[0048] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention provides a technical solution: a river cascade development design and scheduling method based on ecological flow connection, comprising the following steps:

[0049] Step 1: Enter the hydrological analysis terminal, collect real-time river flow and water temperature, and investigate the spawning grounds, breeding time, and breeding temperature of existing domestic fish;

[0050] Step 2: Enter the demand survey end, calculate the minimum ecological flow and flow pulse demand of domestic fish during the breeding season, and calculate the release flow of reservoir operation at different stages based on the minimum ecological flow and flow pulse demand;

[0051] Step 3: Enter the multi-reservoir coordination terminal and monitor the surface and middle water temperatures in real time by deploying temperature sensors vertically in the upstream and midstream reservoirs. Combined with the temperature requirements for fish reproduction, the discharge layer is dynamically determined. The flow rate to be released from the upstream and midstream reservoirs is calculated, as well as the temperature of the water after attenuation from the upstream water flow to the midstream reservoir. The water temperature to be discharged from the midstream is calculated, and the discharge layer of the midstream reservoir is determined.

[0052] The hydrological analysis end includes a water temperature acquisition unit, a historical storage unit, and a comprehensive investigation unit;

[0053] The water temperature collection unit is used to collect water flow and temperature information in real time by setting temperature sensors and water flow sensors at equal intervals around the river channel;

[0054] The historical storage unit is used for edge devices to receive and store real-time collected water flow and temperature information;

[0055] The comprehensive survey unit is used for field surveys and dynamic monitoring of monitoring points to collect information on the spawning ground locations, breeding times and breeding temperatures of existing domestic fish.

[0056] The demand survey end includes an ecological demand unit and a flow control unit;

[0057] Ecological demand units include minimum units and pulse units;

[0058] S1: The minimum unit is used to calculate the minimum ecological flow of domestic fish. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0059] Q eco-min =max(0.4Q avg ,Q min-hist );

[0060] Among them, Q eco-min represents the minimum ecological flow, Q avg represents the average flow of the river cycle (month), Q min-hist Represents the minimum ecological flow in the same period of history;

[0061] S2: The pulse unit is used to calculate the flow pulse demand required for fish reproduction. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0062]

[0063] Among them, Q pulse represents the flow pulse demand value, ΔQ represents the flow change (natural flow fluctuation amplitude, taking the historical average value (20%-30%), Q min-hist represents the minimum ecological flow in the same period of history, Q eco-min Represents the minimum ecological flow.

[0064] In this embodiment, the flow and water temperature of the river are collected in real time through the hydrological analysis terminal, and the spawning ground location, breeding time and breeding temperature of existing domestic fish are investigated to provide a temperature information basis. At the same time, the minimum ecological flow is calculated to ensure the basic ecological water use of the river, avoid the degradation of the water ecosystem due to insufficient flow, maintain the habitat of domestic fish, and calculate the flow pulse demand required for domestic fish reproduction. This provides key breeding hydrological conditions for domestic fish that rely on drifting spawning, promotes the natural reproduction of their populations, helps restore fish resources, improves the stability of water ecosystems, and balances the functions of water conservancy projects with ecological protection needs. It not only plays the role of reservoirs in energy, flood control and other fields, but also restores river ecology through ecological flow regulation and promotes the sustainable development of the basin.

[0065] Implementation 2

[0066] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the present invention provides a technical solution: based on implementation one, the flow control unit includes a first gradient unit and a second gradient unit;

[0067] (1): The first gradient unit is used to calculate the outflow rate of the reservoir during the breeding season. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0068]

[0069] Among them, Q release represents the outflow rate of the reservoir during the breeding season, S res represents the actual amount of water stored in the reservoir at the time of dispatch, I represents the inflow, S min represents the dead storage capacity of the reservoir, and t represents the dispatching period;

[0070] (2) The second gradient unit is used to calculate the outflow rate of the reservoir during the non-breeding season. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0071]

[0072] Among them, Q rew represents the outflow from the reservoir during the non-breeding season, S max Represents the flood limit water level storage capacity, and other values have the same meaning as the first gradient unit.

[0073] In this embodiment, the flow control unit uses the model in different periods. When in the breeding period, the "maximum value" logic is used to maintain the ecological minimum flow bottom line. At the same time, the adjustable flow is calculated in combination with the real-time storage capacity and inflow flow of the reservoir to ensure that the discharge flow during the breeding period is sufficient and provide suitable hydrological conditions for biological reproduction. Through the "minimum value" constraint, while meeting the basic ecological flow, the discharge flow is prevented from exceeding the flood limit storage capacity safety range, and the ecological protection is balanced with the reservoir's flood control, water storage and other functions, to achieve dynamic and precise regulation in different periods.

[0074] Implementation Three

[0075] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention provides a technical solution: based on implementation one, the multi-library collaborative end includes a temperature acquisition unit, a flow collaboration unit and a temperature calculation unit.

[0076] The temperature acquisition unit is used to monitor the surface and middle water temperatures in real time by deploying temperature sensors in the vertical direction of the upstream and midstream reservoirs.

[0077] The flow coordination unit is used to coordinate with the upstream reservoir and the downstream reservoir. It calculates the downstream flow of the midstream reservoir by calculating the downstream flow discharged by the upstream reservoir during the breeding season and bringing it into the inflow source in the midstream reservoir.

[0078] Specifically, the discharge flow of the upstream reservoir can be calculated by the first gradient unit, and the discharge flow of the upstream reservoir can be substituted into the calculation formula of the discharge flow of the midstream reservoir: The inflow flow I in the midstream is used to calculate the downstream flow and realize the coordinated scheduling of upstream and downstream flows.

[0079] The temperature calculation unit includes an upstream temperature attenuation unit, a midstream temperature unit and a judgment unit;

[0080] The upstream temperature attenuation unit is used to calculate the temperature value after the water temperature of the upstream reservoir is attenuated to the midstream reservoir. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0081] T up =T q -ΔT×L;

[0082] Among them, T up Represents the temperature value after attenuation, T q represents the water temperature of the upstream reservoir, ΔT represents the attenuation gradient, and L represents the propagation distance.

[0083] The midstream temperature unit is used to calculate the water temperature to be discharged from the midstream. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0084] T min =T target -(T tar get -T up );

[0085] Among them, T min Represents the water temperature required to be discharged from the midstream, T tar get Represents the temperature required for reproduction.

[0086] The judgment unit is used to obtain the surface water temperature T1 and the middle water temperature T2 of the midstream reservoir using the temperature sensor. If T minClose to T1, the midstream reservoir will release surface water first. min Close to T2, the midstream reservoir will release the middle layer water first.

[0087] In this embodiment, sensors are deployed in the vertical direction of the reservoir through the temperature acquisition unit to obtain surface and middle layer water temperature data in real time, providing a fine monitoring basis for water temperature regulation and ensuring dynamic perception of the water ecological environment. The flow coordination unit uses the discharge flow of the upstream reservoir as the input for calculating the midstream inflow flow, realizing the chain connection of upstream and downstream flows, ensuring the coherent scheduling of the ecological flow of the entire river basin, and meeting the ecological water demand of the river. The temperature calculation unit quantifies the water temperature attenuation process through a formula, combines with the judgment unit to compare water temperature data, and decides to release surface or middle layer water, accurately matching the temperature required for reproduction, meeting the ecological needs of fish reproduction for water temperature and flow, and optimizing the reservoir scheduling logic, improving the systematicness and effectiveness of river basin ecological protection, and providing technical support for maintaining the health of water ecology.

[0088] In the present invention, a river cascade development design and scheduling method based on ecological flow connection collects the flow and water temperature of the river in real time through the hydrological analysis end, investigates the spawning ground location, breeding time and breeding temperature of existing domestic fish, provides temperature information basis, and calculates the minimum ecological flow to ensure the basic ecological water use of the river, avoids the degradation of the water ecosystem due to insufficient flow, maintains the habitat of domestic fish, and calculates the flow pulse demand required for the reproduction of domestic fish, provides key breeding hydrological conditions for domestic fish that rely on drifting spawning, promotes the natural reproduction of their population, helps the recovery of fish resources, improves the stability of the aquatic ecosystem, balances the functions of water conservancy projects and ecological protection needs, and plays the role of reservoirs in energy, flood control and other fields, and restores the river ecology through ecological flow regulation, and promotes the sustainable development of the basin; in the flow control unit, by calling the model in different periods, when it is in the breeding period, the "maximum value" logic is used to keep the ecological minimum flow bottom line, and calculate the adjustable flow in combination with the real-time storage capacity and inflow flow of the reservoir to ensure the breeding period Sufficient outflow provides suitable hydrological conditions for biological reproduction. By "taking the minimum value" constraint, while meeting the basic ecological flow, the outflow is prevented from exceeding the flood limit reservoir safety range, balancing ecological protection with the reservoir's flood control, water storage and other functions, and realizing dynamic and precise regulation in different periods. Through the temperature acquisition unit, sensors are deployed in the vertical direction of the reservoir to obtain surface and middle layer water temperature data in real time, providing a fine monitoring basis for water temperature regulation and ensuring dynamic perception of the water ecological environment. The flow coordination unit uses the outflow of the upstream reservoir as the input for calculating the midstream inflow flow, realizing the chain connection of upstream and downstream flows, ensuring the coherent scheduling of the ecological flow of the entire basin, and meeting the ecological water use demand of the river. The temperature calculation unit quantifies the water temperature attenuation process through a formula, and combines with the judgment unit to compare water temperature data to decide whether to release surface or middle layer water, accurately matching the temperature required for reproduction, meeting the ecological needs of fish reproduction for water temperature and flow, and optimizing the reservoir scheduling logic, improving the systematicness and effectiveness of basin ecological protection, and providing technical support for maintaining the health of water ecology.

[0089] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0090] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A river cascade development design and scheduling method based on ecological flow connection, characterized by: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Enter the hydrological analysis terminal, collect real-time river flow and water temperature, and investigate the spawning grounds, breeding time, and breeding temperature of existing domestic fish; Step 2: Enter the demand survey end, calculate the minimum ecological flow and flow pulse demand of domestic fish during the breeding season, and calculate the release flow of reservoir operation at different stages based on the minimum ecological flow and flow pulse demand; Step 3: Enter the multi-reservoir coordination terminal and monitor the surface and middle water temperatures in real time by deploying temperature sensors vertically in the upstream and midstream reservoirs. Combined with the temperature requirements for fish reproduction, the discharge layer is dynamically determined. The flow rate to be released from the upstream and midstream reservoirs is calculated, as well as the temperature of the water after attenuation from the upstream to the midstream reservoir. The water temperature to be discharged from the midstream is calculated, and the discharge layer of the midstream reservoir is determined.

2. A river cascade development design and scheduling method based on ecological flow connection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrological analysis terminal includes a water temperature acquisition unit, a history storage unit and a comprehensive investigation unit; The water temperature collection unit is used to collect water flow and temperature information in real time by arranging temperature sensors and water flow sensors at equal intervals around the river channel; The historical storage unit is used for edge devices to receive and store water flow and temperature information collected in real time; The comprehensive survey unit is used for field surveys and dynamic monitoring of monitoring points to collect information on the spawning sites, breeding time and breeding temperature of existing domestic fish.

3. The method for designing and scheduling river cascade development based on ecological flow connection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The demand survey end includes an ecological demand unit and a flow control unit; The ecological demand unit includes a minimum unit and a pulse unit; S1: The minimum unit is used to calculate the minimum ecological flow of domestic fish, and the calculation formula is as follows: Q eco-min =max(0.4Q avg ,Q min-hist ); Among them, Q eco-min represents the minimum ecological flow, Q avg represents the average flow of the river cycle (month), Q min-hist Represents the minimum ecological flow in the same period of history; S2: The pulse unit is used to calculate the flow pulse demand required for fish reproduction. The calculation formula is as follows: Among them, Q pulse represents the flow pulse demand value, ΔQ represents the flow change, Q min-hist represents the minimum ecological flow in the same period of history, Q eco-min Represents the minimum ecological flow.

4. A river cascade development design and scheduling method based on ecological flow connection according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flow control unit includes a first gradient unit and a second gradient unit; (1): The first gradient unit is used to calculate the discharge flow of the reservoir during the breeding season. The calculation formula is as follows: Among them, Q release represents the outflow rate of the reservoir during the breeding season, S res represents the actual amount of water stored in the reservoir at the time of dispatch, I represents the inflow, S min represents the dead storage capacity of the reservoir, and t represents the dispatching period; (2) The second gradient unit is used to calculate the outflow rate of the reservoir during the non-breeding season. The calculation formula is as follows: Among them, Q rew represents the outflow from the reservoir during the non-breeding season, S max Represents the flood limit water level reservoir capacity.

5. The method for designing and scheduling river cascade development based on ecological flow connection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The multi-database collaborative terminal includes a temperature acquisition unit, a flow collaboration unit and a temperature calculation unit.

6. A river cascade development design and scheduling method based on ecological flow connection according to claim 5, characterized in that: The temperature acquisition unit is used to monitor the surface and middle water temperatures in real time by deploying temperature sensors in the vertical direction of the upstream and midstream reservoirs.

7. The method for designing and scheduling river cascade development based on ecological flow connection according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The flow coordination unit is used to coordinate with the upstream reservoir and the downstream reservoir, calculate the downstream flow of the midstream reservoir by calculating the downstream flow discharged by the upstream reservoir during the breeding season and using it as the source of the inflow flow in the midstream reservoir.

8. The method for designing and scheduling river cascade development based on ecological flow connection according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The temperature calculation unit includes an upstream temperature attenuation unit, a midstream temperature unit and a judgment unit; The upstream temperature attenuation unit is used to calculate the temperature value of the water temperature of the upstream reservoir after attenuation to the midstream reservoir. The calculation formula is as follows: T up =T q -ΔT×L; Among them, T up Represents the temperature value after attenuation, T q represents the water temperature of the upstream reservoir, ΔT represents the attenuation gradient, and L represents the propagation distance.

9. A river cascade development design and scheduling method based on ecological flow connection according to claim 8, characterized in that: The midstream temperature unit is used to calculate the water temperature to be discharged from the midstream. The calculation formula is as follows: T min =T target -(T target -T up ); Among them, T min Represents the water temperature required to be discharged from the midstream, T target Represents the temperature required for reproduction.

10. A river cascade development design and scheduling method based on ecological flow connection according to claim 8, characterized in that: The judgment unit is used to obtain the surface water temperature T1 and the middle water temperature T2 of the midstream reservoir using a temperature sensor. If T min Close to T1, the midstream reservoir will release surface water first. min Close to T2, the midstream reservoir will release the middle layer water first.

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