Drainage device for thoracic surgery postoperative pleural effusion nursing

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical equipment, and particularly relates to a drainage device for thoracic surgery postoperative pleural effusion nursing, which comprises a drainage box, a controller, a negative pressure machine, an infusion tube and a liquid extraction tube, the pretreatment mechanism is arranged on the liquid pumping pipe; the flow detector is mounted at one end of the liquid pumping pipe; the negative pressure mechanism is mounted on the side surface of the drainage box; wherein the pretreatment mechanism comprises a crushing part, the crushing part is arranged in the liquid extraction pipe, a plugging part is connected to the crushing part in a sliding manner, and a flushing part is further arranged on the liquid extraction pipe; the negative pressure mechanism comprises a shell set, the shell set is connected to the side face of the drainage box, a gas conveying pipeline is arranged at one end of the shell set, and a wobble plate mechanism is arranged at the other end of the shell set. According to the device, blockage prevention, automatic flushing and manual negative pressure maintenance can be achieved, and the safety and efficiency of pleural effusion extraction are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of medical equipment, and in particular relates to a drainage device for nursing pleural effusion after thoracic surgery. Background Art

[0002] Pleural effusion is a common clinical condition characterized by pathological fluid accumulation within the pleural cavity. The pleural cavity is a potential space between the visceral and parietal pleura. Normally, the pleural cavity contains 5 to 15 ml of fluid, which acts as a lubricant during breathing. 500 to 1000 ml of fluid is formed and absorbed daily. Any cause that leads to increased production or decreased absorption of fluid in the pleural cavity can result in pleural effusion. Pleural effusions can be categorized by their pathogenesis: transudative and exudative.

[0003] When using a drainage device, the drainage fluid often contains various impurities, such as blood, lymph, tissue fragments, cells, pus, etc. These impurities are waste and secretions generated during the operation, which can easily cause the drainage tube to be blocked, making it very inconvenient to use, causing a lot of trouble for doctors, and causing additional pain to patients. In the prior art, in order to prevent the drainage tube from being blocked, a mechanism for crushing impurities is often set in the drainage tube, such as a pleural effusion extraction device for oncology with application number CN202110150955.5, which is provided with a retraction tube, a retraction rod and an anti-slip pad. When the device is used, medical staff extract the effusion from the patient's body by using the device. When the precipitate enters the catheter, the medical staff can crush the serrated bar provided in the catheter by rotating the crushing disk. After being crushed into powder, the precipitate can be introduced into the solid collection bottle through the catheter, which greatly improves the smoothness of the device and the work efficiency of the medical staff. Another example is a thoracic surgery anti-blockage drainage device with application number: CN202022667087.1. When the drainage tube is blocked, the electric slider is started, and the electric slider drives the pressure wheel at the front end to slide left and right on the outer wall of the slide rod. The wheel groove on the outer wall of the pressure wheel is located above multiple connecting columns. When the pressure wheel moves from left to right, it presses down multiple connecting columns in turn. The multiple connecting columns drive the pressure block at the bottom to squeeze the drainage tube, thereby breaking up the blood clots and cellulose blocked inside the drainage tube, so that the drainage tube is unobstructed.

[0004] Drainage devices such as those in the aforementioned comparative documents use crushing to prevent blockage. However, in actual use, it is not difficult to find that this method is only applicable to some easily broken blood clots, and is not ideal for crushing flocs such as blood, lymph, cells, and pus. In addition, this method also has a significant problem, which may cause flocs that were originally not adhered to each other to adhere to each other, thereby increasing the risk of pipe blockage. As the accumulated fluid flows in the pipe, the drop in temperature may also cause the crushed cells to re-aggregate and form a new blockage. Therefore, the drainage device is insufficient in unblocking blocked pipes, which may affect the continuous extraction of accumulated fluid. At the same time, referring to a thoracic surgery anti-blocking drainage device mentioned in the comparative document, it relies on a negative pressure pump to extract the accumulated fluid, and will not be able to continue to operate when the negative pressure pump has an abnormal operation or other failure. This will have an adverse effect on patient treatment. As for the pleural effusion extraction device for oncology mentioned in the comparative document, it is operated by pulling and pulling, and has problems of low efficiency and discontinuous extraction. During the exhaust process, the forward movement of the retraction rod may cause gas and liquid to flow back into the patient's chest cavity, thereby reducing the patient's comfort. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a drainage device for nursing pleural effusion after thoracic surgery, which can achieve anti-blocking, automatic flushing and manual negative pressure maintenance, and significantly improve the safety and efficiency of pleural effusion extraction.

[0006] The technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows: A drainage device for nursing pleural effusion after thoracic surgery, comprising a drainage box, a controller and a negative pressure machine being installed on the front of the drainage box; an infusion tube, the infusion tube being arranged at the upper end of the drainage box; A liquid extraction tube connected to one end of the infusion tube; A pretreatment mechanism, wherein the pretreatment mechanism is provided on the liquid extraction tube; A flow detector, the flow detector being mounted at one end of the liquid extraction tube; A negative pressure mechanism, which is installed on the side of the drainage box; The pretreatment mechanism includes a crushing part, which is arranged inside the liquid extraction pipe, and a blocking part is slidably connected to the crushing part. The liquid extraction pipe is also provided with a flushing part. The negative pressure mechanism includes a shell group, which is connected to the side of the drainage box. One end of the shell group is provided with a gas pipeline, and the other end of the shell group is provided with a swing plate mechanism.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, a first bracket is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the infusion tube, and a push rod is fixedly connected to the first bracket.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the crushing part includes a first crushing knife, which is connected to one end of the liquid extraction tube in an array distribution. The interior of the liquid extraction tube is rotatably connected to a hollow cylinder, and the inner wall of the hollow cylinder is connected to the second crushing knife in an annular distribution. The interior of the liquid extraction tube is fixedly connected to a second bracket, and the second bracket is rotatably connected to a rotating rod, an impeller is fixedly installed on the rotating rod, and round rods are connected to the rotating rod in an annular distribution, and the other end of the round rod is fixedly connected to the hollow cylinder.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the sealing part includes a sliding frame, which is slidably connected to one end of the liquid extraction tube, a compression spring fixedly connected to one side of the sliding frame, and the other end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to the liquid extraction tube, a movable rod fixedly connected to one side of the sliding frame, and the movable rod is slidably connected to the rotating rod, one end of the movable rod is fixedly connected to a conical block, and a sealing block is also slidably connected to the movable rod, a spring is fixedly connected between the sealing block and the conical block, and an electromagnetic ring is inlaid inside the liquid extraction tube.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the flushing part includes a water pump, which is installed on a liquid extraction pipe. An annular water storage tank is provided on the liquid extraction pipe. The drainage end of the water pump is connected to a drainage pipe, and the other end of the drainage pipe is connected to the annular water storage tank. Water outlet heads are evenly distributed on one side of the annular water storage tank, and an electric heating plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular water storage tank.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the shell group includes an outer shell, which is arranged on one side of the drainage box, one end of the outer shell is provided with a mounting groove, and the other end of the outer shell is provided with two sliding grooves.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the gas supply pipeline includes an exhaust pipe, which is connected to the upper end of the outer shell and is provided with a first one-way valve. One end of the outer shell is connected to the air intake pipe, and the other end of the air intake pipe is fixedly connected to the drainage box, and a second one-way valve is provided on the air intake pipe.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the swing plate mechanism includes a rocking arm, which is rotatably connected to the mounting groove, a support rod is fixedly connected to the rocking arm, a limiting groove is provided in the mounting groove, a sliding ball is slidably connected inside the limiting groove, and the sliding ball is connected to the support rod through a universal ball bearing, a connecting rod is connected to the support rod through a universal ball bearing, the other end of the connecting rod is connected to a piston block through a universal ball bearing, and the piston block is slidably connected in the sliding groove, and a crank is fixedly connected to the central rotating shaft at one end of the rocking arm.

[0014] In a preferred solution, a slot is provided on the movable rod, and a block adapted to the slot is provided on the blocking block.

[0015] The technical effects achieved by the present invention are: The present invention effectively solves the common blockage problem during the extraction of pleural effusions through the crushing part and flushing part in the pretreatment mechanism. First, the crushing part can crush larger impurities to prevent them from causing pipe blockage; second, the flushing part can automatically start when it detects that the flow rate has decreased to a preset threshold, and use heated saline to flush out the blockage that is about to form, ensuring the safety and continuity of the drainage process. In addition, the design of the sealing part can quickly seal the extraction tube when the infusion tube needs to be replaced or an accident occurs, preventing air from entering the patient's chest cavity and reducing the risk of infection; The manually driven swing plate mechanism design in the negative pressure mechanism of the present invention allows for manual maintenance of the negative pressure environment in the event of a malfunction such as an abnormal operation of the negative pressure pump, ensuring that the drainage process is not affected by electrical settings and improving the adaptability of the device in different environments. This feature is particularly important in emergency situations, as it not only ensures the continuity of treatment but also enhances the ability of medical staff to respond to emergencies, making the device more flexible and reliable. In addition, the negative pressure mechanism can continuously pump out the accumulated fluid, effectively removing the accumulated fluid and solving the problems of low efficiency and patient discomfort caused by traditional intermittent pumping methods. This invention uses a flow detector to monitor flow in real time. Combined with the coordinated operation of components such as an electromagnetic ring, a water pump, and a controller, the device achieves intelligent management and automated operation, significantly reducing the workload of medical staff and improving work efficiency. Furthermore, because the device can promptly and effectively clear blockages and maintain unobstructed drainage, it helps improve patient comfort and accelerate recovery, thereby optimizing overall medical outcomes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention as a whole; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the liquid extraction tube of the present invention; Figure 3 This invention Figure 2 An enlarged schematic diagram of part A shown in FIG; Figure 4 This invention Figure 2 An enlarged schematic diagram of part B shown in ; Figure 5 This invention Figure 2 Right oblique view; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the hollow cylinder of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the blocking portion of the present invention; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the infusion tube of the present invention; Figure 9It is a structural schematic diagram of the negative pressure mechanism of the present invention; Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the housing of the present invention; Figure 11 This invention Figure 10 Right oblique view.

[0017] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are as follows: 1. Drainage box; 2. Infusion tube; 201. First bracket; 202. Mandrel; 3. Extraction tube; 4. Pretreatment mechanism; 5. Flow detector; 6. Negative pressure mechanism; 7. Controller; 8. Negative pressure machine; 41. Crushing unit; 42. Sealing unit; 43. Flushing unit; 411, first crushing blade; 412, hollow cylinder; 413, second crushing blade; 414, second bracket; 415, rotating rod; 416, impeller; 417, round rod; 421, sliding frame; 422, compression spring; 423, movable rod; 424, tapered block; 425, blocking block; 426, spring; 427, electromagnetic ring; 431. Water pump; 432. Annular water storage tank; 433. Drain pipe; 434. Water outlet; 435. Electric heating plate; 61. Shell group; 62. Gas transmission pipeline; 63. Oscillating plate mechanism; 611, housing; 612, mounting slot; 613, slide slot; 621, exhaust pipe; 622, first one-way valve; 623, intake pipe; 624, second one-way valve; 631. Rocker arm; 632. Support rod; 633. Limiting groove; 634. Sliding ball; 635. Connecting rod; 636. Piston block; 637. Crank handle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0020] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in a preferred embodiment" appearing in various places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments.

[0021] Furthermore, the present invention is described in detail with reference to schematic diagrams. For ease of illustration, when describing the embodiments of the present invention, cross-sectional views illustrating device structures may be partially enlarged and not to scale. Furthermore, the schematic diagrams are merely illustrative and should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Furthermore, in actual production, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width, and depth should be included.

[0022] Please see the attached Figure 1 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 9 and Figure 11 As shown, this embodiment provides a drainage device for nursing pleural effusion after thoracic surgery, comprising a drainage box 1, a controller 7 and a negative pressure machine 8 are installed on the front of the drainage box 1; The infusion tube 2 is arranged at the upper end of the drainage box 1; A liquid extraction tube 3, which is connected to one end of the liquid infusion tube 2; The pretreatment mechanism 4 is provided on the liquid extraction tube 3; A flow detector 5 is installed at one end of the liquid extraction tube 3; The negative pressure mechanism 6 is installed on the side of the drainage box 1; The pre-treatment mechanism 4 includes a crushing part 41, which is arranged inside the liquid extraction pipe 3. A blocking part 42 is slidably connected to the crushing part 41. The liquid extraction pipe 3 is also provided with a flushing part 43. The negative pressure mechanism 6 includes a shell group 61 , which is connected to the side of the drainage box 1 . An air supply pipeline 62 is provided at one end of the shell group 61 , and a swing plate mechanism 63 is provided at the other end of the shell group 61 .

[0023] In this embodiment, during normal use, one end of the extraction tube 3 should be connected to a disposable puncture needle, and the puncture needle should be inserted into the patient's chest cavity. The negative pressure machine 8 is started to generate negative pressure, so that under the action of negative pressure, the effusion in the patient's chest cavity will be sucked out along the extraction tube 3 and the infusion tube 2, and eventually flow into the drainage box 1. After the effusion is collected, the effusion is discharged from the body by opening the valve cover on the drainage tube on the side of the drainage box 1. In an emergency, if the negative pressure pump fails to operate normally, the negative pressure mechanism 6 can be manually driven to maintain the negative pressure in the drainage box 1 to extract the effusion in the chest cavity.

[0024] The drainage box 1, as the main part, not only carries the structure of the entire device, but also realizes precise control of the drainage process through the controller 7 and the negative pressure machine 8 installed on the front. The infusion tube 2 serves as a bridge connecting the drainage box 1 and the liquid extraction tube 3. Its reasonable design ensures the smooth flow of the accumulated fluid. In order to prevent impurities in the accumulated fluid from clogging the pipeline, the setting of the pretreatment mechanism 4 is particularly important. The crushing part 41 in the pretreatment mechanism 4 can perform preliminary crushing on the accumulated fluid entering the liquid extraction tube 3, breaking larger solid particles into smaller particles, thereby avoiding blockage. At the same time, the blocking part 42 slidably connected to the crushing part 41 can block the liquid extraction tube 3 when necessary to prevent the accumulated fluid from flowing back or leaking. In addition, the setting of the flushing part 43 can also flush the liquid extraction tube 3 and the infusion tube 2 to keep them clean and unobstructed.

[0025] Next, please refer to Figure 8 The inner wall of the infusion tube 2 is fixedly connected to a first bracket 201 , and a push rod 202 is fixedly connected to the first bracket 201 .

[0026] Secondly, please also refer to Figure 2 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 The crushing part 41 includes a first crushing knife 411, which is connected to one end of the liquid extraction tube 3 in an array distribution. The inside of the liquid extraction tube 3 is rotatably connected to a hollow cylinder 412, and the inner wall of the hollow cylinder 412 is connected to the second crushing knife 413 in an annular distribution. The inside of the liquid extraction tube 3 is fixedly connected to a second bracket 414, and the second bracket 414 is rotatably connected to a rotating rod 415. The rotating rod 415 is fixedly mounted with an impeller 416. The rotating rod 415 is connected to round rods 417 in an annular distribution, and the other end of the round rod 417 is fixedly connected to the hollow cylinder 412.

[0027] In this embodiment, when the accumulated liquid just starts to enter the liquid extraction tube 3, it will first come into contact with the first crushing knife 411. The function of this crushing knife is to perform a preliminary cutting process on the impurities in the accumulated liquid to ensure the efficiency and effect of subsequent processing. After the preliminary cutting, the accumulated liquid will continue to flow along the path of the liquid extraction tube 3 and eventually enter the inner space of the hollow cylinder 412. Inside the hollow cylinder 412, the accumulated liquid will come into contact with the second crushing knife 413 again for a more detailed and in-depth secondary cutting process. During the flow of accumulated liquid or air, the impeller 416 will be pushed and start to rotate. The rotational power of the impeller 416 will be transmitted to the rotating rod 415, causing the rotating rod 415 to also start to rotate. The round rod 417 on the rotating rod 415 is fixedly connected to the hollow cylinder 412, so that the rotation of the rotating rod 415 will directly drive the hollow cylinder 412 to rotate together. The rotation of the hollow cylinder 412 will drive the multiple second crushing knives 413 to rotate in coordination, which can not only improve the crushing efficiency, but also further enhance the crushing effect, ensuring the crushing effect of impurities in the accumulated liquid.

[0028] It is worth noting that the first crushing blades 411 are arranged in a ring-shaped distribution in the liquid extraction tube 3, and two groups (but not limited to this) are configured in this embodiment. The two groups of first crushing blades 411 are staggered to increase the probability of contact with impurities in the accumulated liquid and significantly improve the cutting efficiency.

[0029] Next, please refer to Figure 2 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 7 The sealing part 42 includes a sliding frame 421, which is slidably connected to one end of the liquid extraction tube 3. A compression spring 422 is fixedly connected to one side of the sliding frame 421, and the other end of the compression spring 422 is fixedly connected to the liquid extraction tube 3. A movable rod 423 is fixedly connected to one side of the sliding frame 421, and the movable rod 423 is slidably connected to the rotating rod 415. One end of the movable rod 423 is fixedly connected to a conical block 424, and a blocking block 425 is also slidably connected to the movable rod 423. A spring 426 is fixedly connected between the blocking block 425 and the conical block 424. An electromagnetic ring 427 is inlaid inside the liquid extraction tube 3, a card slot is provided on the movable rod 423, and a card block adapted to the card slot is provided on the blocking block 425.

[0030] In this embodiment, blocking block 425 is slidably connected to movable rod 423 and connected to conical block 424 via spring 426. This design allows blocking block 425 to move within a certain range. In addition, the arrangement of the block and slot effectively guides and positions the blocking block 425, thereby ensuring its stability during movement.

[0031] Please refer again Figure 2 and Figure 3The flushing part 43 includes a water pump 431, which is installed on the liquid extraction pipe 3. An annular water storage tank 432 is provided on the liquid extraction pipe 3. The drainage end of the water pump 431 is connected to a drainage pipe 433, and the other end of the drainage pipe 433 is connected to the annular water storage tank 432. One side of the annular water storage tank 432 is evenly connected with water outlet heads 434, and the inner wall of the annular water storage tank 432 is fixedly connected to an electric heating plate 435.

[0032] In this embodiment, the connection between the infusion tube 2 and the withdrawal tube 3, and between the infusion tube 2 and the drainage box 1, utilizes a quick-release connection. The specific connection method is not limited and may include, for example, a threaded connection, a quick-release connector, or the like. When connecting the infusion tube 2 and the withdrawal tube 3, the push rod 202 within the infusion tube 2 pushes the sliding frame 421 to the left, compressing the compression spring 422. The movement of the sliding frame 421 drives the movable rod 423, the tapered block 424, and the blocking block 425 to move together. At this point, the blocking block 425 moves away from the flow opening within the withdrawal tube 3, allowing the pleural effusion and gas to flow along the withdrawal tube 3. A flow detector 5 mounted on the withdrawal tube 3 monitors the flow rate in real time and transmits the data to the controller 7. When the flow rate reaches a preset minimum threshold, the controller 7 energizes the electromagnetic ring 427, which generates suction, causing the iron blocking block 425 to slide rightward along the movable rod 423 and stretch the spring 426. At this time, the blocking block 425 will block the flow port in the liquid extraction tube 3, making it impossible for the effusion and gas to circulate. At the same time, the controller 7 will immediately start the water pump 431 to extract normal saline from the outside. Afterwards, the normal saline is discharged into the annular water storage tank 432 through the drain pipe 433, and the normal saline is heated by the electric heating plate 435. The heated normal saline will be sprayed out from multiple water outlets 434, and the agglomerated impurities will be dispersed by the normal saline, restoring the smooth drainage. In addition, heating can prevent the blood in the pleural effusion from coagulating due to the water temperature being too low, thereby avoiding further aggravation of the blockage, and can promptly clear the pipeline when it is about to be blocked, ensuring the normal operation of the liquid extraction. At the same time, the blocking block 425 blocks one end of the liquid extraction tube 3, and the discharged normal saline for flushing will not enter the patient's chest cavity along the pipeline, thereby ensuring the patient's comfort.

[0033] During the withdrawal process, if the infusion tube 2 becomes completely blocked or requires replacement, once the infusion tube 2 is separated from the withdrawal tube 3, the sliding frame 421 loses its resistance and returns to its original position under the restoring force of the compression spring 422. At this point, the blocking block 425 also returns to its original position, re-blocking the withdrawal tube 3. This prevents outside air from flowing into the patient's chest cavity along the withdrawal tube 3, thereby reducing the risk of infection.

[0034] Please refer again Figure 10The shell assembly 61 includes a shell 611 , which is disposed on one side of the drainage box 1 . An installation groove 612 is provided at one end of the shell 611 , and two slide grooves 613 are provided at the other end of the shell 611 .

[0035] Please refer again Figure 9 The gas supply pipeline 62 includes an exhaust pipe 621, which is connected to the upper end of the shell 611. A first one-way valve 622 is provided on the exhaust pipe 621. One end of the shell 611 is connected to the air intake pipe 623, and the other end of the air intake pipe 623 is fixedly connected to the drainage box 1. A second one-way valve 624 is provided on the air intake pipe 623.

[0036] It should be noted that the setting of the first one-way valve 622 allows the air in the chute 613 to be discharged along the exhaust pipe 621, but cannot enter the chute 613 from the exhaust pipe 621; the setting of the second one-way valve 624 allows the air to enter the chute 613 along the intake pipe 623, but cannot be discharged along the intake pipe 623; in addition, a waterproof and breathable membrane is provided at the end of the intake pipe 623 to prevent the accumulated liquid from being sucked into the intake pipe 623.

[0037] Please refer again Figure 10 and Figure 11 The swing plate mechanism 63 includes a rocking arm 631, which is rotatably connected to the mounting groove 612. A support rod 632 is fixedly connected to the rocking arm 631. A limiting groove 633 is provided in the mounting groove 612. A sliding ball 634 is slidably connected inside the limiting groove 633, and the sliding ball 634 is connected to the support rod 632 through a universal ball bearing. A connecting rod 635 is connected to the support rod 632 through a universal ball bearing. The other end of the connecting rod 635 is connected to a piston block 636 through a universal ball bearing, and the piston block 636 is slidably connected in the sliding groove 613. A crank 637 is fixedly connected to the central rotating shaft at one end of the rocking arm 631.

[0038] In this embodiment, when the negative pressure pump has an abnormal operation or other fault, the operator can turn the crank handle 637. When the crank handle 637 is rotated, it drives the rocking arm 631 to rotate in the installation groove 612. When the rocking arm 631 rotates, it drives the support rod 632 to rotate accordingly. When the support rod 632 rotates, it drives one end of the connecting rod 635 to swing through the universal ball bearing. The other end of the connecting rod 635 drives the piston block 636 to reciprocate in the slide groove 613 through the universal ball bearing. When the piston block 636 moves to the left, it compresses the air in the slide groove 613. At this time, the compressed air is discharged along the exhaust pipe 621. When the piston block 636 moves to the right, air is extracted. At this time, air enters along the air inlet pipe 623, generating negative pressure in the drainage box 1. The two piston blocks 636 continuously reciprocate, thereby continuously extracting the accumulated fluid. This process is carried out continuously, effectively extracting the accumulated fluid, and solving the problems of low efficiency and patient discomfort caused by the traditional intermittent fluid extraction method.

[0039] In addition, the sliding ball 634 slides in the limiting groove 633, limiting the support rod 632, so that the support rod 632 can swing smoothly when the rocking arm 631 rotates, thereby ensuring that the piston block 636 performs stable reciprocating motion in the sliding groove 613, thereby improving the drainage effect.

[0040] The working principle of the present invention is: Drainage system activation: One end of the drainage tube 3 is connected to a disposable puncture needle, which is then inserted into the patient's chest cavity. A vacuum pump 8 mounted on the drainage box 1 is activated to generate negative pressure. This negative pressure draws the pleural effusion along the drainage tube 3 and infusion tube 2, ultimately collecting in the drainage box 1.

[0041] Preprocessing mechanism: The crushing section 41 performs preliminary crushing on the accumulated liquid entering the liquid extraction pipe 3 to break up larger impurities. The first crushing blades 411 are arranged in an array at one end of the liquid extraction pipe 3, and the second crushing blades 413 are arranged inside the hollow cylinder 412.

[0042] The blocking portion 42 includes a sliding frame 421, a compression spring 422, a movable rod 423, a tapered block 424, a blocking block 425, a spring 426 and an electromagnetic ring 427, which can temporarily block the liquid extraction tube 3 when necessary to prevent the accumulated liquid from flowing back or leaking.

[0043] Flushing unit 43: Consisting of a water pump 431, an annular water reservoir 432, a drain pipe 433, a water outlet 434, and an electric heating plate 435, it maintains the pipes clean and unobstructed. When a decrease in flow is detected, a flushing process automatically initiates, using heated saline to clean the interior of the pipes and ensure smooth drainage.

[0044] Negative pressure maintenance: Under normal circumstances, the required negative pressure environment is provided by the negative pressure machine 8.

[0045] In an emergency (e.g., when the negative pressure pump malfunctions), negative pressure can be artificially generated by manually operating the swing plate mechanism 63 within the negative pressure mechanism 6, ensuring continuous extraction of pleural fluid. The swing plate mechanism 63 drives the piston 636 to reciprocate within the chute 613 by shaking the crank 637, thereby compressing and extracting air, thereby maintaining the negative pressure within the drainage box 1. The swing arm 631 is rotatably connected to the mounting slot 612, the support rod 632 is fixedly connected to the swing arm 631, and a sliding ball 634 is slidably connected within the limit slot 633. The ends of the connecting rod 635 are connected to the support rod 632 and the piston 636, respectively, via universal ball bearings.

[0046] The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art may make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such improvements and modifications are also within the scope of protection of the present invention. Structures, devices, and operating methods not specifically described or explained herein shall, unless otherwise specified or limited, be implemented in accordance with conventional means in the art.

Claims

1. A drainage device for nursing pleural effusion after thoracic surgery, characterized by: It comprises a drainage box (1), wherein a controller (7) and a negative pressure machine (8) are installed on the front of the drainage box (1); An infusion tube (2), the infusion tube (2) being arranged at the upper end of the drainage box (1); A liquid extraction tube (3), the liquid extraction tube (3) being connected to one end of the liquid infusion tube (2); A pretreatment mechanism (4), the pretreatment mechanism (4) being arranged on the liquid extraction tube (3); A flow detector (5), the flow detector (5) being installed at one end of the liquid extraction tube (3); A negative pressure mechanism (6), the negative pressure mechanism (6) being installed on a side of the drainage box (1); The pretreatment mechanism (4) includes a crushing portion (41), the crushing portion (41) is arranged inside the liquid extraction tube (3), a blocking portion (42) is slidably connected to the crushing portion (41), and a flushing portion (43) is also provided on the liquid extraction tube (3); The negative pressure mechanism (6) comprises a shell group (61), the shell group (61) being connected to the side of the drainage box (1), a gas transmission pipeline (62) being provided at one end of the shell group (61), and a swing plate mechanism (63) being provided at the other end of the shell group (61).

2. A drainage device for nursing pleural effusion after thoracic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first bracket (201) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the infusion tube (2), and a push rod (202) is fixedly connected to the first bracket (201).

3. A drainage device for nursing pleural effusion after thoracic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulverizing portion (41) comprises a first pulverizing blade (411), which is connected to one end of a liquid extraction pipe (3) in an array arrangement. A hollow cylinder (412) is rotatably connected to the interior of the liquid extraction pipe (3), and a second pulverizing blade (413) is connected to the inner wall of the hollow cylinder (412) in an annular arrangement. A second bracket (414) is fixedly connected to the interior of the liquid extraction pipe (3), a rotating rod (415) is rotatably connected to the second bracket (414), an impeller (416) is fixedly mounted on the rotating rod (415), and round rods (417) are connected to the rotating rod (415) in an annular arrangement, with the other end of the round rod (417) being fixedly connected to the hollow cylinder (412).

4. A drainage device for nursing pleural effusion after thoracic surgery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The blocking portion (42) includes a sliding frame (421), the sliding frame (421) is slidably connected to one end of the liquid extraction tube (3), one side of the sliding frame (421) is fixedly connected to a compression spring (422), and the other end of the compression spring (422) is fixedly connected to the liquid extraction tube (3), one side of the sliding frame (421) is fixedly connected to a movable rod (423), and the movable rod (423) is slidably connected to the rotating rod (415), one end of the movable rod (423) is fixedly connected to a conical block (424), and a blocking block (425) is also slidably connected to the movable rod (423), a spring (426) is fixedly connected between the blocking block (425) and the conical block (424), and an electromagnetic ring (427) is embedded in the interior of the liquid extraction tube (3).

5. The drainage device for nursing pleural effusion after thoracic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flushing portion (43) comprises a water pump (431), the water pump (431) being mounted on a liquid extraction pipe (3), an annular water storage tank (432) being provided on the liquid extraction pipe (3), a drainage end of the water pump (431) being connected to a drainage pipe (433), and the other end of the drainage pipe (433) being in communication with the annular water storage tank (432), a water outlet (434) being evenly distributed on one side of the annular water storage tank (432), and an electric heating plate (435) being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the annular water storage tank (432).

6. The drainage device for nursing pleural effusion after thoracic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell group (61) comprises an outer shell (611), the outer shell (611) being arranged on one side of the drainage box (1), one end of the outer shell (611) being provided with a mounting groove (612), and the other end of the outer shell (611) being provided with two sliding grooves (613).

7. A drainage device for nursing pleural effusion after thoracic surgery according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gas transmission pipeline (62) comprises an exhaust pipe (621), the exhaust pipe (621) being connected to the upper end of the housing (611), the exhaust pipe (621) being provided with a first one-way valve (622), one end of the housing (611) being connected to an intake pipe (623), and the other end of the intake pipe (623) being fixedly connected to the drainage box (1), the intake pipe (623) being provided with a second one-way valve (624).

8. The drainage device for nursing pleural effusion after thoracic surgery according to claim 6, characterized in that: The swing plate mechanism (63) includes a rocking rod (631), the rocking rod (631) is rotatably connected to the mounting groove (612), a support rod (632) is fixedly connected to the rocking rod (631), a limiting groove (633) is provided in the mounting groove (612), a sliding ball (634) is slidably connected inside the limiting groove (633), and the sliding ball (634) is connected to the support rod (632) through a universal ball bearing, a connecting rod (635) is connected to the support rod (632) through a universal ball bearing, the other end of the connecting rod (635) is connected to a piston block (636) through a universal ball bearing, and the piston block (636) is slidably connected in the sliding groove (613), and a crank handle (637) is fixedly connected to the central rotating shaft at one end of the rocking rod (631).

9. The drainage device for nursing pleural effusion after thoracic surgery according to claim 4, characterized in that: A slot is provided on the movable rod (423), and a block adapted to the slot is provided on the blocking block (425).

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