Ultrasonic vibration cavitation jet flow Mars stratum drilling method and device

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultrasonic vibration cavitation jet flow Mars stratum drilling method and device, and the drilling method comprises the steps: applying ultrasonic vibration to a stratum drilling tool, employing gas-liquid carbon dioxide two-phase cavitation jet flow to assist drilling, and employing a recovery device to achieve the cyclic utilization of carbon dioxide. The drilling device comprises an ultrasonic drilling system, a gas-liquid carbon dioxide cavitation jet system and a gaseous carbon dioxide recycling system. The ultrasonic drilling system mainly achieves ultrasonic vibration through a piezoelectric ceramic piece, an electrode piece and the like and transmits the ultrasonic vibration to a drilling tool. The gas-liquid carbon dioxide flows through a fluid channel of the ultrasonic vibration drilling tool and generates cavitation jet flow at a drill bit vent hole to assist in drilling. The carbon dioxide recycling system can realize filtering and recycling of gaseous carbon dioxide. The characteristics of ultrasonic vibration and cavitation jet flow are used for enhancing the rock breaking effect, the recycling device is used for recycling carbon dioxide resources, the drilling efficiency can be improved, and the drilling cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of drilling technology, and in particular to a method and device for ultrasonic vibration cavitation jet drilling into Martian formations. Background Art

[0002] Mars drilling equipment drills rock cores or soil samples from the Martian surface to help scientists study Mars' geological structure, evolutionary history, and potential water resource distribution; ultrasonic vibration drilling rigs are devices that use ultrasonic vibration energy to assist in drilling processes; the cavitation effect is a process in which tiny bubbles of liquid continuously grow and shrink, eventually bursting instantly and releasing huge amounts of energy; jet drilling is a technology that uses high-pressure fluid jet energy to enhance the rock-breaking effect.

[0003] The main components of a traditional ultrasonic vibration drill are: ultrasonic generator, piezoelectric ceramic piece (in the shape of a disc or annular piece), electrode piece, amplitude transformer, drill rod, and drill bit. There are two common ways to use it:

[0004] Method 1: The amplitude transformer and the block are threaded together, and the piezoelectric ceramic ring and the electrode sheet are sleeved on the shaft between the amplitude transformer and the block. The appropriate pre-tightening force is provided to the piezoelectric ceramic ring by tightening or loosening. However, the threaded connection has a high stiffness, which greatly compresses the ultrasonic vibration amplitude generated by the piezoelectric ceramic sheet, resulting in an unsatisfactory vibration effect.

[0005] Method 2: The piezoelectric ceramic discs are glued together and additional bolts are added to provide pre-tightening force for the piezoelectric ceramic discs. This method will destroy the overall shape of the piezoelectric ceramic discs, cause stress concentration at the connecting bolts, reduce the mechanical properties of the piezoelectric ceramic discs, and shorten their service life.

[0006] To this end, the present invention provides an ultrasonic vibration drilling structure that solves the problem of unsatisfactory vibration effects in existing ultrasonic vibration drills due to the limitations of the horn structure. By modifying the original one-piece horn structure, it is split into two parts, upper and lower, which are connected by a threaded connection. By adjusting the screwing distance of the threaded connection, a suitable preload force can be applied to the piezoelectric ceramic ring plate, without damaging the overall shape of the piezoelectric ceramic ring plate, avoiding additional stress concentration, and extending its service life. A spring with a suitable spring coefficient is placed in the axial gap between the upper horn and the housing, avoiding the commonly required threaded connection between the horn and the housing, effectively transmitting the ultrasonic vibration amplitude generated by the piezoelectric ceramic plate, and effectively remedying the above-mentioned problem.

[0007] Furthermore, traditional jet drilling uses substances such as water, oil, and nitrogen as the jet fluid, which is in high demand. Using rockets to carry large quantities of fluid to Mars is economically prohibitive, and fluids such as water and oil cannot maintain good fluid properties in the low temperatures of Mars, making them unsuitable for jet drilling. However, the Martian atmosphere contains a high volume fraction of carbon dioxide (95.3%), making it easy to collect. High-pressure gaseous carbon dioxide is already commonly used in jet-assisted drilling, and both liquid and supercritical carbon dioxide have low viscosity, strong diffusivity, and heat absorption and expansion during phase change vaporization, making them well-suited for jet-assisted drilling. Therefore, a method for fluid jet-assisted formation drilling using collected Martian carbon dioxide is provided, addressing the difficulty of transporting and using commonly used jet fluids for Martian formation jet drilling.

[0008] Furthermore, the conditions for achieving the cavitation effect of single-phase carbon dioxide are relatively harsh. The present invention adopts a two-phase coordinated jet of gas-liquid carbon dioxide, and purposefully introduces tiny gaseous carbon dioxide into the liquid carbon dioxide as a nucleating gas for the cavitation effect. Assisted by a cavitation nozzle and a reinforced filter, it can achieve a gas-liquid cavitation effect, enhance the rock breaking effect, and effectively compensate for the above-mentioned problem; in addition, a simple recovery device is used to recycle the gaseous carbon dioxide, reducing economic costs. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the existing technical defects and provide an ultrasonic vibration cavitation jet Martian formation drilling method and device.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a method for drilling into Martian formations using ultrasonic vibration cavitation jets, comprising the following steps:

[0011] Step S1, adjust the position of the ultrasonic vibration drill tool, start the ultrasonic vibration drill tool, the drill rod and drill bit start to rotate circumferentially, connect the ultrasonic frequency power supply to the ultrasonic vibration effect generating device of the drill tool, turn on the ultrasonic frequency power supply, apply ultrasonic vibration effect to the drill tool, lower the height of the drill bit, and make the drill bit drill into the formation.

[0012] Preferably, while step S1 is running, step S2 also needs to be run synchronously:

[0013] Step S2, using gas-liquid carbon dioxide two-phase cavitation jet to assist drilling: liquid carbon dioxide is pumped into the fluid channel of the ultrasonic vibration drill tool, and the liquid carbon dioxide is jetted at the drill bit. After the liquid carbon dioxide submerges the drill bit, gaseous carbon dioxide is pumped into the fluid channel of the ultrasonic vibration drill tool, and the gaseous carbon dioxide is jetted at the drill bit, generating a cavitation effect with the external liquid carbon dioxide, and a large number of bubbles are generated in the liquid carbon dioxide and burst.

[0014] Preferably, while steps S1 and S2 are being executed, step S3 also needs to be executed synchronously:

[0015] Step S3, using a simple recovery device to recycle gaseous carbon dioxide: during the gas-liquid carbon dioxide jet process, the external pressure drops suddenly, and the carbon dioxide becomes gaseous. A simple recovery device is used to collect and store the gaseous carbon dioxide in a low-temperature environment; when recycling the recovered gaseous carbon dioxide, a pipeline is used to connect the recovery and storage device with the gaseous carbon dioxide jet pipeline, so that the recovered gaseous carbon dioxide participates in the cavitation jet process of step S2, thereby realizing the recycling of the gaseous carbon dioxide.

[0016] An ultrasonic vibration cavitation jet Martian formation drilling device comprises an ultrasonic drilling system, a gas-liquid carbon dioxide cavitation jet system and a gaseous carbon dioxide recycling and utilization system.

[0017] Preferably, the ultrasonic drilling system comprises an ultrasonic vibration drill (1), a secondary hydraulic lifting frame (2), and a high-pressure sealed rotary water conveyor (3); the high-pressure sealed rotary water conveyor (3) is located at the top of the ultrasonic vibration drill (1), and the high-pressure sealed rotary water conveyor (3) is connected to a drill drive shaft (105) extending from the top of the ultrasonic vibration drill (1) through a housing (301) and bolts (302); the ultrasonic vibration drill (1) is fixedly connected to a vertical hydraulic propulsion rod (232) of the secondary hydraulic lifting frame (2) by welding or screw connection.

[0018] Preferably, the ultrasonic vibration drilling tool (1) has a top drive device, and the top drive device includes a gear box (104), a motor shaft (101), a small bevel gear (102), and a large bevel gear (103); the small bevel gear (102) is fixedly connected to the motor shaft (101), the large bevel gear (103) is horizontally arranged in the gear box (104), the large bevel gear (103) is meshed with the small bevel gear (102), and the large bevel gear (103) is fixedly connected to the drilling tool transmission shaft (105); the housing (111) is located below the gear box (104), the housing (111) is connected to the gear box (104) by a screw (112), the inner hole of the radial bearing (113) is matched with the drilling tool transmission shaft (105), and the sleeve (114) is arranged between the outer wall of the radial bearing (113) and the housing (111).

[0019] Preferably, the upper amplitude changing rod (115) is located on the lower side of the radial bearing (113), a spring (117) is provided at the middle cavity of the upper amplitude changing rod (115) and the housing (111), the upper amplitude changing rod (115) and the lower amplitude changing rod (116) are fixed by threaded connection, the lower amplitude changing rod (116) is against the bottom of the housing (111), and the lower end of the housing (111) is installed with a piezoelectric ceramic ring piece (118), an electrode piece (119), and a buffer pad in a clearance fit manner. The piezoelectric ceramic annular pieces (118) are provided with no less than 6 pieces, and the electrode pieces (119) are provided with no less than 12 pieces, and an electrode piece (119) is placed on the upper and lower surfaces of each piezoelectric ceramic annular piece (118); the buffering pad (120) is closely attached to the bottom and top electrode pieces (119), the top buffering pad (120) is provided on the upper side of the electrode piece (119), and the bottom buffering pad (120) is provided on the upper side of the electrode piece (119).

[0020] Preferably, a centering hemisphere (107) is provided in the hemispherical groove at the bottom of the drilling tool drive shaft (105), an elastic stopper (108) is provided in the cylindrical groove at the top of the special-shaped drive shaft (106), the drilling tool drive shaft (105) and the special-shaped drive shaft (106) are connected using a bellows elastic coupling (109), and the bottom of the special-shaped drive shaft (106) is connected to the drill rod (121) through a thread.

[0021] Preferably, the tail of the drill rod (121) is fixed to the carbide drill bit (122) by a threaded connection, a vent hole is provided inside the carbide drill bit (122), a cavitation nozzle (123) is installed inside the vent hole, and the end of the cavitation nozzle (123) is connected to the cavitation effect enhancing filter (124).

[0022] Preferably, the base (21) of the secondary hydraulic lifting frame (2) cooperates with the horizontal movable frame (22) through the horizontal slide rails (211) on both sides and the horizontal hydraulic propulsion rod (213) at the rear, and the horizontal movable frame (22) can be moved back and forth linearly under the push of the horizontal hydraulic propulsion rod (213); the horizontal movable frame (22) cooperates with the vertical lifting frame (23) through the vertical slide rails (221) on both sides and the vertical hydraulic propulsion rod (222), and under the push of the vertical hydraulic propulsion rod (222), The vertical lifting frame (23) can be moved back and forth in a straight line in a vertical direction; the vertical lifting frame (23) cooperates with the gear box (104) through a vertical drilling tool slide rail (231) and two vertical hydraulic propulsion rods (232); the gear box (104) and the drilling tool slide rail (231) are connected through a moving pair, and the gear box (104) and the two vertical hydraulic propulsion rods (232) are respectively fixedly connected; under the push of the two vertical hydraulic propulsion rods (232), the gear box (104) can be moved back and forth in a straight line in a vertical direction.

[0023] Preferably, the upper portion of the drilling tool drive shaft (105) extends out of the gear box (104) and is connected to the high-pressure sealed rotary water conveyor (3); the dynamic ring (306) is arranged in the top groove of the drilling tool drive shaft (105); the static ring (305) is arranged in the static ring groove of the fluid input pipe (309); the spring (307) is arranged between the static ring (305) and the static ring groove of the fluid input pipe (309); bearings (303) are installed outside the fluid input pipe (309) and the fluid output pipe (310); the sleeve (304) is arranged in the gap formed by the housing (301), the bearing (303), the fluid input pipe (309) and the fluid output pipe (310); and the housing (301) is connected and sealed by circumferentially distributed bolts (302).

[0024] Preferably, the gas-liquid carbon dioxide cavitation jet system (4) includes an hourglass-shaped carbon dioxide high-pressure storage tank (41), a valve (42), a centrifugal pump (43), a piston pump (44), a fluid output port (45), a high-strength flexible pipe (46), a tee pipe (47), and a Martian atmospheric carbon dioxide capture and pressurization cooling device (48).

[0025] Preferably, the gas-liquid carbon dioxide cavitation jet system (4) is connected to the rotary water conveyor (3).

[0026] Preferably, the fluid input pipe (309) of the rotary water conveyor (3) is connected to a tee pipe (47) by interference fit, and the tee pipe (47) is connected to the high-strength flexible pipe (46) by a clamp or a flange. The Martian atmospheric carbon dioxide capture and pressurization cooling device (48) collects Martian carbon dioxide and stores it in an hourglass-shaped carbon dioxide high-pressure storage tank (41). The upper and lower fluid output ports (45) of the hourglass-shaped carbon dioxide high-pressure storage tank (41) are respectively connected to the piston pump (44) and the centrifugal pump (43). The piston The pump (44) and the centrifugal pump (43) are both connected to a tee pipe (47) located on the upper part of the high-pressure sealed rotary water conveyor (3) using a high-strength flexible pipe (46); the cavitation nozzle (123) and the cavitation effect enhancement filter (124) installed inside the vent hole of the carbide drill bit (122) also belong to the gas-liquid carbon dioxide cavitation jet system. When the gaseous carbon dioxide flows through the cavitation nozzle (123) and the cavitation effect enhancement filter (124), it is further screened and refined into tiny nucleating gas, which helps the occurrence of the cavitation effect.

[0027] Preferably, the gaseous carbon dioxide recycling and utilization system (5) includes a gaseous carbon dioxide formation sealing chamber (51), a drill cuttings dust filter (52), an air pump (53), a low-temperature storage device (54), a high-strength flexible pipe (55), a valve (56), a tee pipe (57), and a flexible rubber sealing ring (58).

[0028] Preferably, a flexible rubber sealing ring (58) is glued to the contact point between the gaseous carbon dioxide formation sealing chamber (51) and the drill rod (121), and a flexible rubber sealing ring (58) is glued to the contact point between the gaseous carbon dioxide formation sealing chamber (51) and the surface of Mars; a drill dust filter (52) is provided at the air vent on the side of the gaseous carbon dioxide formation sealing chamber (51), and the drill dust filter (52) is connected to the air pump (53), and the air pump (53) is connected to the low-temperature storage device (54) through a high-strength flexible pipe (55); the air pump (53) can pump the carbon dioxide in the gaseous carbon dioxide formation sealing chamber (51) to the low-temperature storage device (54) after filtering; the low-temperature storage device (54) is connected to the pipeline between the hourglass-shaped carbon dioxide high-pressure storage tank (41) and the piston pump (44) through the high-strength flexible pipe (55) and the three-way pipe (57).

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. The present invention utilizes a novel detachable horn, a stepped housing, a spring, a drill drive shaft, and a special-shaped drive shaft. Within the threaded connection range of the detachable horn, adjusting the screw-in length provides a suitable preload force for the piezoelectric ceramic disc without damaging the overall shape of the piezoelectric ceramic disc. The stepped housing and spring allow the drill drive shaft and the special-shaped drive shaft to have a wide range of axial motion and provide restoring elastic force, effectively transmitting the vibration amplitude generated by the piezoelectric ceramic disc.

[0031] 2. The present invention's two-stage hydraulic lift frame has four hydraulic lift platforms, which can adjust the overall height of the two-stage hydraulic lift frame to avoid interference with the gaseous carbon dioxide formation sealing chamber, which has a constant height. The horizontal movable frame can adjust the horizontal position of the drilling tool within a certain range, and the drilling location can be changed based on the initial drilling results.

[0032] 3. The carbon dioxide high-pressure storage tank of the present invention is designed in an hourglass shape with a valve in the middle, which can effectively separate liquid carbon dioxide and gaseous carbon dioxide, and more accurately control the amount of nucleating gas required to produce the cavitation effect during the jet.

[0033] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall solution of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the ultrasonic vibration drilling tool of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the ultrasonic vibration drilling tool of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the high-pressure sealed rotary water conveyor of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a two-stage hydraulic lifting frame in the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 It is an exploded view of the secondary hydraulic lifting frame of the present invention.

[0040] In the picture:

[0041] 1 ultrasonic vibration drilling tool, 101 motor shaft, 102 small bevel gear, 103 large bevel gear, 104 gear box, 105 drilling tool drive shaft, 106 special-shaped drive shaft, 107 centering hemisphere, 108 elastic stopper, 109 bellows elastic coupling, 110 axial bearing, 111 housing, 112 screw, 113 radial bearing, 114 sleeve, 115 upper amplitude transformer, 116 lower amplitude transformer, 117 spring, 118 piezoelectric ceramic ring plate, 119 electrode plate, 120 buffer gasket, 121 drill rod, 122 carbide drill bit, 123 cavitation nozzle, 124 cavitation effect enhancing filter, 125 fluid channel;

[0042] 2 Secondary hydraulic lifting frame, 21 base, 211 horizontal slide rail, 212 hydraulic lifting platform, 213 horizontal hydraulic propulsion rod, 22 horizontal moving frame, 221 vertical slide rail, 222 vertical hydraulic propulsion rod, 23 vertical lifting frame, 231 drilling tool slide rail, 232 vertical hydraulic propulsion rod;

[0043] 3 High-pressure sealed rotary water conveyor, 301 housing, 302 bolts, 303 bearings, 304 sleeves, 305 static rings, 306 dynamic rings, 307 springs, 308 pins, 309 fluid inlet pipes, 310 fluid outlet pipes;

[0044] 4 Gas-liquid carbon dioxide cavitation jet system, 41 hourglass-shaped carbon dioxide high-pressure storage tank, 42 valve, 43 centrifugal pump, 44 piston pump, 45 fluid output port, 46 high-strength flexible pipe, 47 tee pipe, 48 Martian atmospheric carbon dioxide capture and pressurization cooling device;

[0045] 5. Gaseous carbon dioxide recycling and utilization system, 51. Gaseous carbon dioxide formation sealing chamber, 52. Drill cuttings dust filter, 53. Vacuum pump, 54. Low-temperature storage device, 55. High-strength flexible pipeline, 56. Valve, 57. T-tube, 58. Flexible rubber sealing ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to more fully understand the technical content of the present invention, the present invention and the technical solution of the present invention are further introduced and explained below with reference to specific examples.

[0047] A method for drilling into Martian formations using ultrasonic vibration cavitation jets comprises the following steps:

[0048] Step S1: Control the secondary hydraulic lifting frame 2, adjust the horizontal position of the ultrasonic vibration drilling tool 1, start the ultrasonic vibration drilling tool 1, and the drill rod 121 and the carbide drill bit 122 begin to rotate circumferentially. Turn on the ultrasonic frequency power supply connected to the electrode plate 119, energize the piezoelectric ceramic ring plate 118, and the ultrasonic vibration drilling tool 1 generates an ultrasonic vibration effect. Control the secondary hydraulic lifting frame 2 to lower the height of the carbide drill bit 122, so that the carbide drill bit 122 drills into the formation.

[0049] Step S2, using gas-liquid carbon dioxide two-phase cavitation jet to assist drilling: open the pipeline valve 42 of liquid carbon dioxide, start the centrifugal pump 43, liquid carbon dioxide is input into the high-pressure sealed rotary water conveyor 3, flows through the fluid channel 125 of the ultrasonic vibration drilling tool 1, and generates a jet at the vent of the carbide drill bit 122. After the liquid carbon dioxide submerges the carbide drill bit 122, open the pipeline valve 42 of gaseous carbon dioxide, start the piston pump 44, gaseous carbon dioxide is input into the high-pressure sealed rotary water conveyor 3, flows through the fluid channel 125 of the ultrasonic vibration drilling tool 1, and generates a jet at the vent of the carbide drill bit 122. After further screening and refinement by the cavitation nozzle 123 and the cavitation effect enhancing filter 124, tiny bubbles of gaseous carbon dioxide serve as nucleation gas artificially implanted into the liquid carbon dioxide, generate a cavitation effect with the external liquid carbon dioxide, and generate a large number of bubbles in the liquid carbon dioxide and burst;

[0050] Step S3, use a simple recovery device to recycle the gaseous carbon dioxide: turn on the recovery system vacuum pump 53, the gaseous carbon dioxide in the gaseous carbon dioxide formation sealing chamber 51 is filtered by the drill cuttings dust filter 52, and then enters the low-temperature storage device 54 for storage. When the recovered gaseous carbon dioxide needs to be used, open the valve 56 and turn on the piston pump 44, and the recovered gaseous carbon dioxide can participate in the cavitation jet process of S2.

[0051] The specific implementation methods and principles of the above steps are as follows:

[0052] Ultrasonic vibration part: the motor drives the motor shaft 101 to rotate, which in turn drives the small bevel gear 102 to rotate, which in turn drives the large bevel gear 103 to rotate, which in turn drives the drill drive shaft 105 to rotate, and the drill drive shaft 105 drives the special-shaped drive shaft 106 to rotate circumferentially, which in turn drives the drill rod 121 and the carbide drill bit 122 to rotate circumferentially; the vertical hydraulic lifting rod 232 of the secondary hydraulic lifting frame 2 is controlled to make the ultrasonic vibration drill 1 move vertically downward along the drill slide rail 231, and apply a vertical downward external force to the carbide drill bit 122 to drill through the ground surface. At the same time, the 12 electrode sheets 119 installed in sequence are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the power supply, and an alternating current of ultrasonic frequency is passed through. The 6 piezoelectric ceramic ring sheets 118 produce an inverse piezoelectric effect. The axial thickness deforms at an ultrasonic frequency. When the deformation increases, the piezoelectric ceramic annular piece 118 squeezes the lower amplitude rod 116, and the upper amplitude rod 115 and the lower amplitude rod 116 move downward as a whole. The upper amplitude rod 115 squeezes the spring 117, and the elastic potential energy of the spring 117 increases. At the same time, the lower amplitude rod 116 hits the axial bearing 110 at an ultrasonic frequency. The axial bearing 110 transmits the impact of the ultrasonic frequency to the special-shaped transmission shaft 106, and the special-shaped transmission shaft 106 generates a slight ultrasonic vibration and transmits the ultrasonic vibration to the drill rod 121 and the carbide drill bit 122; when the deformation of the piezoelectric ceramic annular piece 118 decreases, the spring 117 drives the amplitude rod to reset as a whole. The above processes are all carried out under pressure at an ultrasonic frequency, thereby achieving a continuous ultrasonic vibration effect in the axial direction of the drill tool.

[0053] Cavitation jet part: Tighten the high-pressure storage tank valve 42 to divide the hourglass-shaped carbon dioxide high-pressure storage tank 41 into a gaseous carbon dioxide storage tank and a liquid carbon dioxide storage tank, open the fluid outlet valve 45, start the centrifugal pump 43 and the piston pump 44, the centrifugal pump 43 pumps the liquid carbon dioxide into the fluid channel 125, and the liquid carbon dioxide is ejected at the vent hole of the carbide drill bit 122. After the liquid carbon dioxide submerges the drill bit, the piston pump 44 pumps the gaseous carbon dioxide into the fluid channel 125, and the gaseous carbon dioxide is discharged from the carbide drill bit 122. A jet occurs at the vent hole of the gold drill bit 122, and the gaseous carbon dioxide is sieved and refined into fine bubbles through the cavitation nozzle 123 and the cavitation effect enhancing filter 124 installed inside the vent hole of the carbide drill bit 122, and is sprayed into the liquid carbon dioxide. The fine bubbles burst to produce tiny jets and generate local high pressure and temperature rise, that is, the cavitation effect occurs; the spring 307 of the high-pressure sealed rotary water conveyor 3 squeezes the static ring 305 and the dynamic ring 306 to rotate relative to each other in the circumferential direction but in close contact, thereby maintaining the continuity of the fluid channel 125.

[0054] Carbon dioxide recovery and utilization part: The gaseous carbon dioxide formation sealing chamber 51 with a flexible rubber sealing ring 58 prevents the escape of the mixture of gaseous carbon dioxide and drill cuttings dust. The gaseous carbon dioxide is filtered by the drill cuttings dust filter 52, and the air pump 53 extracts the gaseous carbon dioxide and transports it to the low-temperature storage device 54. When the recovered gaseous carbon dioxide needs to be used for cavitation jet, the valve 56 and the piston pump 44 are opened, and the upper fluid output port valve 45 of the hourglass-shaped carbon dioxide high-pressure storage tank is closed, and the recovered gaseous carbon dioxide can be used for cavitation jet.

[0055] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall scheme of a preferred embodiment of an ultrasonic vibration cavitation jet drilling device for Martian formations. The device comprises an ultrasonic vibration drilling tool 1, a two-stage hydraulic lift 2, a rotary water delivery device 3, a gas-liquid carbon dioxide cavitation jet system 4, and a gaseous carbon dioxide recycling and utilization system 5.

[0056] like Figure 2-3The figure shows a cross-sectional view and an exploded view of an ultrasonic vibration drill 1 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The ultrasonic vibration drill 1 has a top drive device, which includes a gear box 104, a motor shaft 101, a small bevel gear 102, and a large bevel gear 103. The small bevel gear 102 is connected to the motor shaft 101 by a key or welding. The motor shaft 101 extends out of the gear box 104 and is connected to the motor. The large bevel gear 103 is horizontally arranged in the gear box 104 and meshes with the small bevel gear 102. The large bevel gear 103 is fixedly connected to the drill drive shaft 105. The motor drives the motor shaft 101 to rotate, thereby driving the small bevel gear 102 to rotate, thereby driving the large bevel gear 103 to rotate, and thereby driving the drill drive shaft 105 to rotate. The drill drive shaft 105 is connected to the ultrasonic vibration effect generating device. The ultrasonic vibration effect generating device includes a housing 111, which is a stepped cylindrical structure. The housing is connected to the gear box 104 by screws 112. Inside the housing are radial bearings 113, sleeves 114, upper horn 115, and springs 117. The radial bearing 113 is sleeved on the outside of the drill tool drive shaft 105. The sleeve 114 of appropriate thickness is selected to connect the radial bearing 113 and the housing 111. The upper horn 115 is a special-shaped cylindrical structure located below the radial bearing 113. It has a clearance fit with the drill tool drive shaft 105 and a clearance fit with the housing 111. The upper horn 115 can slide freely axially within the housing 111. A spring 117 with an appropriate spring coefficient is placed in the cavity between the upper horn 115 and the housing 111. The upper horn 115 is threadedly connected and fixed to the lower horn 116. The lower horn 116 is a specially shaped hollow, frustum-shaped shaft, threadedly connected to the upper horn 115. The lower horn 116 rests against the lower end of the housing 111. The lower shaft of the housing 111 is equipped with piezoelectric ceramic annular plates 118, electrode plates 119, and buffer gaskets 120. No fewer than six piezoelectric ceramic annular plates 118 and no fewer than 12 electrode plates 119 are provided, fitting over the thinner shaft of the housing 111. An electrode plate 119 is placed on each piezoelectric ceramic annular plate 118, one above and one below. These two electrode plates 119 are connected to the positive and negative terminals of a power source, respectively, to supply ultrasonic-frequency alternating current. The buffer gasket 120 is a rubber annular plate, supported by the lower horn 116 and placed against the underside of the last electrode plate 119. The top of the drill drive shaft 105 has a raised ring, which is part of the high-pressure sealed rotary water conveyor 3. The bottom of the drilling tool transmission shaft 105 is provided with a circle of gear-like meshing grooves.The bottom surface of the drill tool drive shaft 105 has a hemispherical groove, which cooperates with the centering hemisphere 107; the jet fluid channel axially penetrates the drill tool drive shaft 105; the lower part of the drill tool drive shaft 105 is connected to the special-shaped drive shaft 106 through a gear-like meshing groove, a centering hemisphere 107, an elastic stopper 108, and a bellows elastic coupling 109. The top of the special-shaped drive shaft 106 is a gear-like meshing groove that cooperates with the drill tool drive shaft 105, and the top surface has a cylindrical groove for placing the elastic stopper 108; the bottom of the special-shaped drive shaft 106 is a bearing frustum for receiving the impact of the lower amplitude rod 116; the jet fluid channel axially penetrates the special-shaped drive shaft 106; the drill tool drive shaft 105 and the special-shaped drive shaft 106 are connected with an elastic stopper 108 at the connection, and are connected by a bellows elastic coupling 109, so that extremely small axial relative movement can occur between the drill tool drive shaft 105 and the special-shaped drive shaft 106.

[0057] like Figure 5-6 The figure shows an exploded view of a secondary hydraulic lifting frame 2 and its components according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; the ultrasonic vibration drilling tool 1 is connected to the secondary hydraulic lifting frame 2 through a gear box 104; the secondary hydraulic lifting frame 2 is composed of a base 21, a horizontal moving frame 22, and a vertical lifting frame 23; the base 21 has horizontal slide rails 211 on both sides, hydraulic lifting platforms 212 at the four corners, and a horizontal hydraulic propulsion rod 213 at the tail; the bottom of the horizontal moving frame 22 has a horizontal slide rail that cooperates with the horizontal slide rail 211 of the base 21, vertical slide rails 221 on both sides, and a vertical hydraulic propulsion rod 222 at the tail. Horizontal relative movement with the base 21 is achieved through the horizontal slide rail 211 and the horizontal hydraulic propulsion rod 213 at the rear of the base 21. The vertical lifting frame 23 has vertical slide rails on both sides that cooperate with the vertical slide rails 221 of the horizontal moving frame 22. Vertical relative movement with the horizontal moving frame 22 is achieved through the vertical slide rails 221 and the vertical hydraulic propulsion rod 222 at the rear of the horizontal moving frame. The vertical lifting frame 23 has a vertical drilling tool slide rail 231 and two vertical hydraulic propulsion rods 232 in the middle. The drilling tool slide rail 231 and the hydraulic propulsion rod 232 achieve relative movement of the ultrasonic vibration drilling tool 1 with respect to the vertical lifting frame 23.

[0058] like Figure 4The figure shows a cross-sectional view of a high-pressure sealed rotary water conveyor 3 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the upper portion of the drilling tool drive shaft 105 extends out of the gear box 104 and is connected to the high-pressure sealed rotary water conveyor 3. The high-pressure sealed rotary water conveyor 3 comprises a housing 301, bolts 302, bearings 303, sleeves 304, stationary rings 305, dynamic rings 306, springs 307, pins 308, a fluid inlet pipe 309, and a fluid outlet pipe 310. The contact between the dynamic ring 306 and the top groove of the drilling tool drive shaft 105 forms a friction pair. The stationary ring 305 and the fluid inlet pipe 309 are maintained in relative circumferential stillness by two pins 308. The fluid inlet pipe 309 has a stationary ring groove, in which a A spring 307 with an appropriate spring constant holds the stationary ring 305 tightly against the dynamic ring 306. The stationary ring 305 is positioned in the stationary ring groove. The fluid output pipe 310, the portion of the drill tool drive shaft 105 that rotates the water conveyor 3, comprises a short round rod or a partial round rod with a dynamic ring friction contact groove. The fluid input pipe 309 and fluid output pipe 310 are connected to the housing 301 through a pair of bearings 303 for an interference fit. The shaft sleeve 304 is located in the gap formed by the housing 301, bearings 303, fluid input pipe 309, and fluid output pipe 310. The housing 301 is sealed by four circumferentially distributed bolts 302.

[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the gas-liquid carbon dioxide cavitation jet system 4 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; the lower part of the special-shaped transmission shaft 106 is connected to the drill rod 121 by a thread, and the drill rod 121 is designed with threads at both ends, and multiple drill rods can be connected. The tail of the drill rod 121 is fixed with a carbide drill bit 122 by a threaded connection, and a vent hole is provided inside the carbide drill bit 122. The vent hole of the carbide drill bit 122 is designed with an internal thread, and a cavitation nozzle 123 is installed by a threaded connection. The end of the cavitation nozzle 123 is connected to a cavitation effect enhancing filter 124 by a threaded connection; the rotary water delivery device 3 is connected to the water supply through a tee pipe 47 and a high-strength flexible pipe 46. The fluid channel 125 of the ultrasonic vibration drilling tool 1 pumps gaseous and liquid carbon dioxide for cavitation jet; the gaseous and liquid carbon dioxide comes from the Martian atmosphere, is collected and stored in the hourglass-shaped carbon dioxide high-pressure storage tank 41 through the Martian atmosphere carbon dioxide capture and pressurization cooling device 48, and the fluid output port 45 at the upper part of the hourglass-shaped carbon dioxide high-pressure storage tank 41 is connected to the piston pump 44, and the piston pump 44 is connected to the tee pipe 47 located at the upper part of the high-pressure sealed rotary water conveyor 3, and the fluid output port 45 at the lower part of the hourglass-shaped carbon dioxide high-pressure storage tank 41 is connected to the centrifugal pump 43, and the centrifugal pump 43 is connected to the tee pipe 47 located at the upper part of the high-pressure sealed rotary water conveyor 3, and both are connected using high-strength flexible pipes 46.

[0060] like Figure 1As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the gaseous carbon dioxide recycling and utilization system 5 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; a gaseous carbon dioxide formation sealing chamber 51 is provided on the outside of the drill rod 121, and a flexible rubber sealing ring 58 is provided at the contact point where the drill rod 121 extends into the gaseous carbon dioxide formation sealing chamber 51, and a flexible rubber sealing ring 58 is provided at the contact point between the gaseous carbon dioxide formation sealing chamber 51 and the surface of Mars, and an air vent is provided on the side of the gaseous carbon dioxide formation sealing chamber 51, and a drill cuttings dust filter 52 is provided at the air vent, and an air pump 53 is connected to the outside, and the air pump 53 is connected to the low-temperature storage device 54 through a high-strength flexible pipe 55, and the air outlet of the low-temperature storage device 54 is provided with a valve 56, and the air outlet is connected to the high-strength flexible pipe 46 connected to the upper fluid output port 45 of the hourglass-shaped carbon dioxide high-pressure storage tank 41 through the high-strength flexible pipe 55 and the three-way pipe 57.

[0061] The above description is only used to further illustrate the technical content of the present invention by way of examples, so as to facilitate the reader's understanding, but does not mean that the implementation methods of the present invention are limited to these. Any technical extension or re-creation made based on the present invention is protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for drilling into Martian formations using ultrasonic vibration cavitation jets, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, adjust the position of the ultrasonic vibration drill tool, start the ultrasonic vibration drill tool, the drill rod and drill bit start to rotate circumferentially, connect the ultrasonic frequency power supply to the ultrasonic vibration effect generating device of the drill tool, turn on the ultrasonic frequency power supply, apply ultrasonic vibration effect to the drill tool, lower the height of the drill bit, and make the drill bit drill into the formation.

2. The method for drilling into Martian formations using ultrasonic vibration cavitation jet according to claim 1, wherein: While step S1 is running, step S2 also needs to be run synchronously: Step S2, using gas-liquid carbon dioxide two-phase cavitation jet to assist drilling: liquid carbon dioxide is pumped into the fluid channel of the ultrasonic vibration drill tool, and the liquid carbon dioxide is jetted at the drill bit. After the liquid carbon dioxide submerges the drill bit, gaseous carbon dioxide is pumped into the fluid channel of the ultrasonic vibration drill tool, and the gaseous carbon dioxide is jetted at the drill bit, generating a cavitation effect with the external liquid carbon dioxide, and a large number of bubbles are generated in the liquid carbon dioxide and burst.

3. The method for drilling into Martian formations using ultrasonic vibration cavitation jet according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that: While steps S1 and S2 are running, step S3 also needs to be run synchronously: Step S3, using a simple recovery device to recycle gaseous carbon dioxide: during the gas-liquid carbon dioxide jet process, the external pressure drops suddenly, and the carbon dioxide becomes gaseous. A simple recovery device is used to collect and store the gaseous carbon dioxide in a low-temperature environment; when recycling the recovered gaseous carbon dioxide, a pipeline is used to connect the recovery and storage device with the gaseous carbon dioxide jet pipeline, so that the recovered gaseous carbon dioxide participates in the cavitation jet process of step S2, thereby realizing the recycling of the gaseous carbon dioxide.

4. An ultrasonic vibration cavitation jet Martian formation drilling device, comprising an ultrasonic drilling system, a gas-liquid carbon dioxide cavitation jet system, and a gaseous carbon dioxide recycling and utilization system, characterized in that: The ultrasonic drilling system comprises an ultrasonic vibration drill (1), a secondary hydraulic lifting frame (2), and a high-pressure sealed rotary water conveyor (3); the high-pressure sealed rotary water conveyor (3) is located at the top of the ultrasonic vibration drill (1), and the high-pressure sealed rotary water conveyor (3) is connected to a drill drive shaft (105) extending from the top of the ultrasonic vibration drill (1) through a housing (301) and bolts (302); the ultrasonic vibration drill (1) is fixedly connected to a vertical hydraulic propulsion rod (232) of the secondary hydraulic lifting frame (2) by welding or screw connection; The ultrasonic vibration drilling tool (1) has a top drive device, which includes a gear box (104), a motor shaft (101), a small bevel gear (102), and a large bevel gear (103); the small bevel gear (102) is fixedly connected to the motor shaft (101), the large bevel gear (103) is horizontally arranged in the gear box (104), the large bevel gear (103) is meshed with the small bevel gear (102), and the large bevel gear (103) is fixedly connected to the drilling tool transmission shaft (105); the housing (111) is located below the gear box (104), the housing (111) is connected to the gear box (104) through a screw (112), the inner hole of the radial bearing (113) is matched with the drilling tool transmission shaft (105), and the sleeve (114) is arranged between the outer wall of the radial bearing (113) and the housing (111); The upper horn (115) is located on the lower side of the radial bearing (113), a spring (117) is provided at the middle cavity of the upper horn (115) and the housing (111), the upper horn (115) and the lower horn (116) are fixed by threaded connection, the lower horn (116) is against the bottom of the housing (111), and the lower end of the housing (111) is installed with a piezoelectric ceramic ring piece (118), an electrode piece (119), a buffer gasket ( 120); at least 6 piezoelectric ceramic annular pieces (118) are provided, and at least 12 electrode pieces (119) are provided, and an electrode piece (119) is placed on the upper and lower surfaces of each piezoelectric ceramic annular piece (118); the buffering pad (120) is closely attached to the bottom and top electrode pieces (119), the top buffering pad (120) is provided on the upper side of the electrode piece (119), and the bottom buffering pad (120) is provided on the upper side of the electrode piece (119); A centering hemisphere (107) is arranged in the hemispherical groove at the bottom of the drilling tool transmission shaft (105), an elastic stopper (108) is arranged in the cylindrical groove at the top of the special-shaped transmission shaft (106), the drilling tool transmission shaft (105) and the special-shaped transmission shaft (106) are connected by a bellows elastic coupling (109), and the bottom of the special-shaped transmission shaft (106) is connected to the drill rod (121) through a thread.

5. The ultrasonic vibration cavitation jet Martian formation drilling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The tail of the drill rod (121) is fixed to the carbide drill bit (122) through a threaded connection. A vent hole is provided inside the carbide drill bit (122). A cavitation nozzle (123) is installed inside the vent hole. The end of the cavitation nozzle (123) is connected to a cavitation effect enhancing filter (124).

6. The ultrasonic vibration cavitation jet Martian formation drilling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The base (21) of the secondary hydraulic lifting frame (2) cooperates with the horizontal movable frame (22) through the horizontal slide rails (211) on both sides and the horizontal hydraulic propulsion rod (213) at the rear. Under the push of the horizontal hydraulic propulsion rod (213), the horizontal movable frame (22) can be moved back and forth linearly; the horizontal movable frame (22) cooperates with the vertical lifting frame (23) through the vertical slide rails (221) on both sides and the vertical hydraulic propulsion rod (222). Under the push of the vertical hydraulic propulsion rod (222), the horizontal movable frame (22) can be moved back and forth linearly. The vertical lifting frame (23) moves back and forth in a straight line along the vertical direction; the vertical lifting frame (23) cooperates with the gear box (104) through a vertical drilling tool slide rail (231) and two vertical hydraulic propulsion rods (232); the gear box (104) and the drilling tool slide rail (231) are connected through a moving pair, and the gear box (104) and the two vertical hydraulic propulsion rods (232) are fixedly connected respectively; under the push of the two vertical hydraulic propulsion rods (232), the gear box (104) can move back and forth in a straight line along the vertical direction.

7. The ultrasonic vibration cavitation jet Martian formation drilling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper portion of the drilling tool transmission shaft (105) extends out of the gear box (104) and is connected to the high-pressure sealed rotary water conveyor (3). The dynamic ring (306) is arranged in the top groove of the drilling tool transmission shaft (105). The static ring (305) is arranged in the static ring groove of the fluid input pipe (309). The spring (307) is arranged between the static ring (305) and the static ring groove of the fluid input pipe (309). Bearings (303) are installed outside the fluid input pipe (309) and the fluid output pipe (310). The shaft sleeve (304) is arranged in the gap formed by the housing (301), the bearing (303), the fluid input pipe (309) and the fluid output pipe (310). The housing (301) is connected and sealed by circumferentially distributed bolts (302).

8. An ultrasonic vibration cavitation jet Martian formation drilling device according to claim 4, wherein the gas-liquid carbon dioxide cavitation jet system (4) comprises an hourglass-shaped carbon dioxide high-pressure storage tank (41), a valve (42), a centrifugal pump (43), a piston pump (44), a fluid output port (45), a high-strength flexible pipe (46), a tee pipe (47), and a Martian atmospheric carbon dioxide capture and pressurization cooling device (48); characterized in that, The gas-liquid carbon dioxide cavitation jet system (4) is connected to the rotary water delivery device (3); The fluid input pipe (309) of the rotary water conveyor (3) is connected to a tee pipe (47) by an interference fit, and the tee pipe (47) is connected to a high-strength flexible pipe (46) by a clamp or a flange. The Martian atmospheric carbon dioxide capture and pressurization cooling device (48) collects Martian carbon dioxide and stores it in an hourglass-shaped carbon dioxide high-pressure storage tank (41). The upper and lower fluid output ports (45) of the hourglass-shaped carbon dioxide high-pressure storage tank (41) are respectively connected to a piston pump (44) and a centrifugal pump (43). The piston pump ( 44) and the centrifugal pump (43) are both connected to the tee pipe (47) located on the upper part of the high-pressure sealed rotary water conveyor (3) using a high-strength flexible pipe (46); the cavitation nozzle (123) and the cavitation effect enhancement filter (124) installed inside the vent hole of the carbide drill bit (122) also belong to the gas-liquid carbon dioxide cavitation jet system. When the gaseous carbon dioxide flows through the cavitation nozzle (123) and the cavitation effect enhancement filter (124), it is further screened and refined into tiny nucleating gas, which helps the occurrence of the cavitation effect.

9. An ultrasonic vibration cavitation jet Martian formation drilling device according to claim 4, wherein the gaseous carbon dioxide recycling and utilization system (5) comprises a gaseous carbon dioxide formation sealing chamber (51), a drill dust filter (52), an air pump (53), a low-temperature storage device (54), a high-strength flexible pipe (55), a valve (56), a tee pipe (57), and a flexible rubber sealing ring (58), characterized in that: A flexible rubber sealing ring (58) is glued to the contact point between the gaseous carbon dioxide formation sealing chamber (51) and the drill rod (121), and a flexible rubber sealing ring (58) is glued to the contact point between the gaseous carbon dioxide formation sealing chamber (51) and the surface of Mars; a drill dust filter (52) is provided at the air vent on the side of the gaseous carbon dioxide formation sealing chamber (51); the drill dust filter (52) is connected to an air pump (53); the air pump (53) is connected to a low-temperature storage device (54) through a high-strength flexible pipe (55); the air pump (53) can pump the carbon dioxide in the gaseous carbon dioxide formation sealing chamber (51) to the low-temperature storage device (54) after filtering; the low-temperature storage device (54) is connected to the pipeline between the hourglass-shaped carbon dioxide high-pressure storage tank (41) and the piston pump (44) through the high-strength flexible pipe (55) and the three-way pipe (57).

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