Electronic safety device suitable for multichannel synchronous ignition

Abstract

The invention provides an electronic safety device suitable for multichannel synchronous ignition, and belongs to the technical field of initiating explosive device ignition control. The device comprises a control device and a plurality of detonating devices in one-to-one correspondence with the ignition channels. Two static switches and a dynamic switch are arranged in the control device, three levels of electronic safety parts are arranged in total, only after the three levels of safety parts are completely released and the high-voltage energy storage element completes energy storage, an ignition signal can be responded, and false triggering can be reliably prevented; the high-voltage trigger module is directly controlled through communication of the single-chip microcomputer, and interference is not prone to occurring in a complex electromagnetic environment; the multi-channel ignition device comprises the detonating devices corresponding to the ignition channels, any ignition channel can be ignited at the same time or independently, when each ignition channel works, other ignition channels are not affected, and the multi-channel ignition synchronization precision is high. Meanwhile, due to the design of the detonating device, high-pressure output can be connected to the position near the impact piece ignition tube, and the problem of energy attenuation in long-distance transmission is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ignition control of explosive devices, and in particular relates to an electronic safety device suitable for multi-channel synchronous ignition. Background Art

[0002] In the field of spacecraft propulsion systems and special equipment, the synchronization, accuracy, and reliability of pyrotechnic ignition systems directly affect system performance. Especially in scenarios such as spacecraft separation and launch vehicle interstage movements, the synchronization accuracy of the ignition timing must be controlled within milliseconds. Current multi-channel ignition systems generally use a series relay architecture and 74 series logic chips to construct trigger circuits, which have significant technical drawbacks in practical applications:

[0003] First, regarding timing control, traditional systems rely on the consistency of relay on-times to achieve sequential triggering. However, the inherent discreteness of relay operation times, coupled with frequency drift and phase deviation in the clock signals of each channel, can lead to millisecond-level variations in ignition command transmission delays, severely impacting the accuracy of multi-channel synchronization. Furthermore, the large size and high power consumption of relays hinder the miniaturization of the system.

[0004] Secondly, regarding signal transmission, the existing system uses analog circuits to transmit high-voltage trigger signals, which presents severe issues with signal attenuation and interference. When the engine connection cable exceeds 0.5m, the distributed capacitance of the coaxial twisted pair leads to significant energy attenuation of the trigger voltage. Furthermore, the 74-series logic chip, with its poor electromagnetic compatibility, is susceptible to interference in complex electromagnetic environments, resulting in signal jitter and impacting ignition accuracy.

[0005] Furthermore, in terms of trigger safety, most semiconductor bridge ignition devices use a 350V trigger voltage. If there is noise or the trigger signal is unstable, it will cause false triggering and ignition accidents.

[0006] The above technical defects result in the existing ignition system being unable to guarantee ignition reliability in long-distance transmission, complex electromagnetic environments and high-precision synchronization scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the existing ignition system and to provide an electronic safety device suitable for multi-channel synchronous ignition.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions provided by the present invention are:

[0009] Provided is an electronic safety device suitable for multi-channel synchronous ignition, comprising a control device and a plurality of detonating devices arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the ignition channels;

[0010] The control device includes a power supply module, a safety control module, a boost module and an ignition control module;

[0011] The power supply module is used to supply power to the security control module and the boost module;

[0012] The safety control module includes a controller and a release switch component; the controller uses STM32F103 as the control core, which is used to receive control instructions and generate control signals; the release switch component includes a first static switch, a second static switch and a dynamic switch. The first static switch is a first-level fuse, which safely isolates the positive terminal of the power supply module. When it receives a first-level release command signal from the controller, the fuse is released. After the fuse is released, the boost module is powered; the second static switch is a second-level fuse, which safely isolates the ground terminal of the power supply module. When it receives a second-level release command signal from the controller, the fuse is released. After the fuse is released, the boost module is allowed to boost; the dynamic switch is a third-level fuse, which is released when it receives a rectangular wave oscillation signal from the controller. After the fuse is released, the high-voltage switch is allowed to turn on the cold cathode tube;

[0013] The boost module is used to receive the boost control signal of the controller and is capable of generating a preset high voltage after the first static switch and the second static switch are released;

[0014] The ignition control module is used to receive the ignition control signal from the controller and generate a rectangular pulse trigger signal;

[0015] Each detonator includes an energy storage module, a high-voltage trigger module, a high-voltage switch and an impact piece firing tube;

[0016] The energy storage module is used to receive the high-voltage signal output by the boost module and store energy using energy storage elements;

[0017] The high-voltage trigger module is used to receive the rectangular pulse trigger signal output by the ignition control module and trigger the high voltage output through the trigger transformer;

[0018] The high-voltage switch is electrically connected to the energy storage module and the impact piece firing tube, and is used to open the cold cathode tube under the control of the trigger high voltage output by the high-voltage trigger module after the dynamic switch is released, thereby detonating the impact piece firing tube and achieving ignition.

[0019] Furthermore, the control device also includes a filtering module, which is used to perform filtering processing on the power supply module.

[0020] Furthermore, the boost module includes a PWM controller U1, a field-effect transistor M1, a transformer and a voltage comparator U2; the PWM controller is used to generate a PWM control signal to realize the switching control of the field-effect transistor M1, and then control the opening and closing of the primary power supply of the transformer, and then boost the voltage through the transformer; the voltage comparator U2 is used to detect the output voltage of the transformer and feed back the detection signal to the PWM controller U1 until the voltage reaches the preset high voltage, and the PWM controller U1 maintains a low duty cycle state to achieve voltage stabilization.

[0021] Furthermore, the boost module can increase the voltage to a preset high voltage within 50ms and achieve voltage stabilization.

[0022] Furthermore, the preset high voltage is 1500V-1800V.

[0023] Furthermore, the electronic security device further includes a feedback module, which monitors the release instruction issued by the security control module and determines whether the release instruction is effectively executed.

[0024] Furthermore, the energy storage module includes a high-voltage capacitor C1 and a discharge resistor R1, and the high-voltage capacitor C1 serves as an energy storage element; when the first-level release instruction and the second-level release instruction are valid, the boost module continuously outputs high voltage to charge the high-voltage capacitor C1; when the ignition process is terminated, the second-level release instruction is no longer provided, the high-voltage capacitor C1 is depressurized, the boost module no longer provides high-voltage output, and the high-voltage capacitor C1 is depressurized through the discharge resistor R1.

[0025] Furthermore, the high-voltage trigger module includes a trigger transformer T2, a field-effect transistor Q2, and a cold-cathode tube HSW1; when the first-level release protection instruction and the second-level release protection instruction are valid, when the ignition is triggered, the field-effect transistor is turned on, triggering the pulse discharge circuit of the primary side of the transformer T2. During the discharge process, the secondary side of the trigger transformer T2 outputs a pulse high voltage to the trigger pole of the cold-cathode tube HSW1 according to the transformation ratio, and then turns on the cold-cathode tube HSW1, forming a pulse power discharge circuit between the energy storage element and the impact plate ignition tube to achieve ignition.

[0026] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0027] The electronic safety device suitable for multi-channel synchronous ignition proposed by the present invention is designed with two static switches and one dynamic switch, with a total of three levels of electronic safety components. Only when the three-level safety components are completely released and the high-voltage energy storage element completes energy storage can it respond to the ignition signal, which can reliably prevent false triggering; the high-voltage trigger module is directly controlled through single-chip microcomputer communication, and is not easily interfered with in complex electromagnetic environments; and it includes multiple detonating devices corresponding one-to-one to the ignition paths, which can ignite any ignition path simultaneously or individually. When each ignition channel is working, it does not affect other ignition channels. When multiple channels are ignited, synchronous ignition can be achieved through multiple independent detonating devices, and the ignition synchronization accuracy is high; at the same time, the design of the detonating device makes it possible to connect the high-voltage output to the vicinity of the impact plate ignition tube, effectively solving the problem of energy attenuation during long-distance transmission. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The above and / or other features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily understood through the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0029] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of an electronic safety device suitable for multi-channel synchronous ignition of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic safety device suitable for multi-channel synchronous ignition according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 is a circuit diagram of the controller in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is an interface circuit diagram of the controller in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is the ignition command interface circuit diagram of the controller in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a boost and voltage stabilization circuit of a boost module in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 is a simulation curve of the boost and voltage stabilization circuit of the boost module in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 is a circuit diagram of the energy storage module in the present invention;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the pulse power switch circuit of the high-voltage trigger module of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the pulse power discharge simulation principle of the high voltage trigger module of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 11is the pulse power discharge curve of the high voltage trigger module of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 12 is a circuit diagram of the feedback module in the present invention;

[0041] Figure 13 It is a working timing waveform diagram of the device of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings by means of exemplary embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the following detailed description of the present invention is only for the purpose of illustration and is not intended to limit the present invention.

[0043] The present invention provides an electronic safety device suitable for multi-channel synchronous ignition, which can ensure ignition reliability in long-distance transmission, complex electromagnetic environments and high-precision synchronization scenarios.

[0044] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The electronic safety device suitable for multi-channel synchronous ignition provided by the present invention includes a control device and a plurality of detonating devices arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the ignition channels, wherein the number of the detonating devices is equal to the number of the ignition channels.

[0045] First, the control device will be described.

[0046] The control device includes a power supply module, a safety and control module, a boost module, and an ignition control module. The power supply module supplies power to the safety and control module and the boost module. The safety and control module includes a controller (MCU) and an arming switch assembly. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control device also includes a filtering module for filtering the power supply module to achieve stable power output.

[0047] The MCU uses STM32F103 as the control core, which is used to receive control instructions and generate control signals. For example, the MCU receives the system's various levels of release instructions, boost instructions, and ignition instructions, and processes them separately before transmitting the corresponding command signals to the release switch component, boost module, and ignition control module. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, MCU communicates with the host computer through RS422 communication circuit and controls ignition according to communication instructions. To ensure reliable signal transmission, the electronic safety device is designed with signal interfaces at all levels as follows Figure 4 After the power supply is input to the electronic safety device, it is converted into voltage by the DC / DC module inside the system. The converted voltage will provide the operating voltage for the controller inside the system. Figure 5The controller's ignition command interface circuit uses an optocoupler isolation circuit, which can effectively improve the system's anti-interference ability and ensure reliable circuit operation. After the system receives the ignition command, the signal is isolated by the optocoupler and then input into the controller, thereby controlling the ignition action.

[0048] The safety switch assembly includes a first static switch, a second static switch, and a dynamic switch, forming the three-level fuse of the safety device of the present invention. The first static switch is a first-level fuse, which isolates the positive terminal of the power supply module for safety. Upon receiving a first-level release command signal from the MCU, the fuse is released, and power is supplied to the boost module. The second static switch is a second-level fuse, which isolates the ground terminal of the power supply module for safety. Upon receiving a second-level release command signal from the MCU, the fuse is released, and the boost module is allowed to boost voltage. The dynamic switch is a third-level fuse, which is released upon receiving a rectangular wave oscillation signal from the MCU. Upon release, the high-voltage switch is allowed to activate the cold-cathode tube. This fuse prevents accidental release if any combination of energy isolations or all static switches fail. Therefore, when the first-level fuse is released, power is supplied to the boost module. When the second-level fuse is released, the boost module is allowed to boost voltage. When the third-level fuse is released, the high-voltage switch is allowed to activate the cold-cathode tube. This three-level electronic fuse effectively prevents false triggering and improves ignition safety.

[0049] The boost module receives a boost control signal from the MCU and generates a preset high voltage after the first and second static switches are released. Specifically, the boost module begins boosting voltage only when both the first and second static switches are released. The boost module is capable of increasing the voltage to the preset high voltage within 50ms and achieving voltage regulation. The preset high voltage is typically 1500V to 1800V, more specifically 1500V.

[0050] Reference Figure 6 In some embodiments, the boost module may include a PWM controller U1, a field effect transistor M1, a transformer, and a voltage comparator U2. The PWM controller is used to generate a PWM control signal to realize the switching control of the field effect transistor M1, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the primary power supply of the transformer, and then boosting the voltage through the transformer. The voltage comparator U2 is used to detect the output voltage of the transformer and feed the detection signal back to the PWM controller U1 until the voltage reaches the preset high voltage. The PWM controller U1 maintains a low duty cycle state to achieve voltage regulation. The boost voltage regulation simulation diagram is shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that the boost voltage regulator circuit can rise to the set high voltage 1700V within 50ms and achieve voltage regulation.

[0051] The ignition control module is used to receive the ignition control signal from the controller and generate a rectangular pulse trigger signal.

[0052] Next, the detonating device will be described.

[0053] Each detonator consists of an energy storage module, a high-voltage trigger module, a high-voltage switch, and a blaster tube. The energy storage module receives the high-voltage signal from the boost module and stores energy using the energy storage element. The high-voltage trigger module receives the rectangular pulse trigger signal from the ignition control module and triggers the high voltage output via a trigger transformer. Direct control of the high-voltage trigger module through microcontroller communication makes the system less susceptible to interference in complex electromagnetic environments.

[0054] Reference Figure 8 In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the energy storage module includes a high-voltage capacitor C1 and a bleeder resistor R1, with the high-voltage capacitor C1 serving as the energy storage element. When the first-level or second-level release commands are valid, the boost module continuously outputs high voltage to charge the high-voltage capacitor C1. When the ignition process is terminated, the second-level release command is no longer provided, the high-voltage capacitor C1 is depressurized, and the boost module no longer provides high-voltage output. The high-voltage capacitor C1 is depressurized through the bleeder resistor R1, and the pressure is released to a safe voltage of no more than 75V within the designed release time.

[0055] Reference Figure 9 The high-voltage trigger module includes a trigger transformer T2, a field-effect transistor Q2, and a cold-cathode tube HSW1. When the first-level release instruction and the second-level release instruction are valid and the ignition is triggered, the field-effect transistor is turned on, triggering the pulse discharge circuit of the primary side of the transformer T2. During the discharge process, the secondary side of the trigger transformer T2 outputs a pulse high voltage to the trigger electrode of the cold-cathode tube HSW1 according to the transformation ratio, thereby turning on the cold-cathode tube HSW1, forming a pulse power discharge circuit between the energy storage element and the impact plate ignition tube, and realizing ignition.

[0056] The simulation circuit of pulse discharge is as follows Figure 10 As shown, the discharge curve is Figure 11 As shown, it can be seen that before discharge, the voltage of the energy storage capacitor remains high. During the discharge process, the energy storage capacitor discharges instantaneously, the voltage oscillation decays, and the discharge loop current also decays from the transient maximum to zero.

[0057] The high-voltage switch is electrically connected to the energy storage module and the impact piece firing tube, and is used to open the cold cathode tube under the control of the trigger high voltage output by the high-voltage trigger module after the dynamic switch is released, thereby detonating the impact piece firing tube and achieving ignition.

[0058] According to the present invention, the electronic security device may further include a feedback module, which monitors the release instruction issued by the controller and determines whether the release instruction is effectively executed.

[0059] Reference Figure 12In this figure, (a) is the first-level release feedback circuit, and (b) is the second-level and third-level release feedback circuit. Each switch in the two static switches and one dynamic switch corresponds to an optocoupler. The front end of the optocoupler is connected to the release signals of the first, second, and third levels respectively, and the back end is the voltage of the feedback signal. The feedback signal starts at a high level. As shown in (a), when the first-level release is valid, the optocoupler works, the 1M resistor at the back end is short-circuited, and the feedback voltage as the state feedback output is pulled low; as shown in (b), when the second-level release is valid, the optocoupler works, pulling up the feedback voltage (corresponding to the state feedback 1+ in the figure); when the third-level release is valid, it switches to another circuit, and the feedback voltage (corresponding to the state feedback 1- in the figure) is pulled high. Therefore, the feedback signal can monitor whether each level of release instruction is effectively executed.

[0060] Next, the working process of the electronic safety device suitable for multi-channel synchronous ignition provided by the present invention is described.

[0061] Reference Figure 13 , the working process of the device is as follows:

[0062] Step 1: Connect the power supply module and power on the controller and other devices;

[0063] Step 2: Send the first level release instruction to the controller, the first static switch is turned on, and the boost module is powered. t1 is the high voltage release establishment time, which represents the time from the rising edge of the release power supply to the falling edge of the first state feedback conduction.

[0064] Step 3: Send the second level release command to the controller, and the second static switch is turned on. At this time, the boost module is allowed to boost the voltage, where T1 is the release control power-on interval;

[0065] Step 4: Send a boost control signal to the controller, and the boost module increases the voltage to the preset high voltage within 50ms;

[0066] Step 5: Issue the third-level release command to the controller. The ignition control module generates a rectangular pulse trigger signal and transmits it to the high-voltage trigger module. T2 is the ignition trigger power-on interval, t2 is the second release high-voltage establishment time, which represents the time from the release control power-on rising edge high-level moment to the second state feedback conduction falling edge moment; T is the ignition trigger pulse width, and t3 is the trigger filter time, which represents the time from the ignition trigger power-on rising edge high-level moment to the third state feedback rising edge cutoff moment;

[0067] In step 6, the high-voltage trigger module generates a triggering high voltage and transmits it to the high-voltage switch. The cold cathode tube of the high-voltage switch opens, detonating the impact plate squib and achieving ignition. This process shows that if the first-level fuse is not released, the boost module cannot be powered, and ignition cannot be achieved. Furthermore, if the second-level fuse is not released, the boost module cannot boost the voltage, and ignition cannot be achieved. Furthermore, if the third-level fuse is not contacted, the cold cathode tube of the high-voltage switch cannot open, and ignition cannot be achieved. The three-level electronic fuse can reliably prevent false ignition triggering.

[0068] Therefore, as described above, the electronic ignition safety device of the present invention is designed with two static switches and one dynamic switch, totaling three levels of electronic safety components. It can only respond to the ignition signal after the three-level safety components are fully released and the high-voltage energy storage element has completed energy storage, reliably preventing false triggering. The high-voltage trigger module is directly controlled through single-chip microcomputer communication, making it less susceptible to interference in complex electromagnetic environments. It also includes multiple detonators corresponding to ignition paths, allowing for simultaneous or independent ignition of any ignition path. Each ignition path operates without affecting other ignition paths. When multiple paths are ignited, the independent detonators enable synchronized ignition, resulting in high synchronization accuracy. Furthermore, the design of the detonator allows the high-voltage output to be connected near the impact plate firing tube, effectively solving the problem of energy attenuation during long-distance transmission. The present invention can achieve a time of no more than 50 μs from the output of the detonation signal to the explosion of the final-stage explosive element in each direction.

[0069] Finally, it should be noted that the features mentioned and / or illustrated in the above description of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention may be incorporated into one or more other embodiments in the same or similar manner, combined with features in other embodiments, or substituted for corresponding features in other implementations. The technical solutions obtained by such combination or substitution shall also be deemed to be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electronic safety device suitable for multi-channel synchronous ignition, characterized by: It includes a control device and a plurality of detonating devices arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the ignition channels; The control device includes a power supply module, a safety control module, a boost module and an ignition control module; The power supply module is used to supply power to the security control module and the boost module; The safety control module includes a controller and a release switch component; the controller uses STM32F103 as the control core, which is used to receive control instructions and generate control signals; the release switch component includes a first static switch, a second static switch and a dynamic switch, the first static switch is a first-level fuse, which safely isolates the positive terminal of the power supply module, and releases the fuse when receiving the first-level release instruction signal issued by the controller, and the boost module is powered after the fuse is released; the second static switch is a second-level fuse, which safely isolates the ground terminal of the power supply module, and releases the fuse when receiving the second-level release instruction signal issued by the controller, and the boost module is allowed to boost after the fuse is released; the dynamic switch is a third-level fuse, which releases the fuse when receiving the rectangular wave oscillation signal issued by the controller, and the high-voltage switch is allowed to turn on the cold cathode tube after the fuse is released; The boost module is used to receive the boost control signal of the controller and is capable of generating a preset high voltage after the first static switch and the second static switch are released; The ignition control module is used to receive the ignition control signal of the controller and generate a rectangular pulse trigger signal; Each detonator includes an energy storage module, a high-voltage trigger module, a high-voltage switch and an impact piece firing tube; The energy storage module is used to receive the high-voltage signal output by the boost module and store energy using an energy storage element; The high-voltage trigger module is used to receive the rectangular pulse trigger signal output by the ignition control module and output the trigger high voltage through the trigger transformer; The high-voltage switch is electrically connected to the energy storage module and the impact piece firing tube, and is used to open the cold cathode tube under the control of the trigger high voltage output by the high-voltage trigger module after the dynamic switch is released, thereby detonating the impact piece firing tube and achieving ignition.

2. The electronic safety device suitable for multi-channel synchronous ignition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control device further includes a filtering module, and the filtering module is used to perform filtering processing on the power supply module.

3. The electronic safety device suitable for multi-channel synchronous ignition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The boost module includes a PWM controller U1, a field effect tube M1, a transformer and a voltage comparator U2; The PWM controller is used to generate a PWM control signal to realize the switching control of the field effect transistor M1, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the primary power supply of the transformer, and then boosting the voltage through the transformer; The voltage comparator U2 is used to detect the output voltage of the transformer and feed back the detection signal to the PWM controller U1 until the voltage reaches the preset high voltage. The PWM controller U1 maintains a low duty cycle state to achieve voltage stabilization.

4. The electronic safety device suitable for multi-channel synchronous ignition according to claim 3, characterized in that: The boost module can increase the voltage to the preset high voltage within 50ms and achieve voltage stabilization.

5. The electronic safety device suitable for multi-channel synchronous ignition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The preset high voltage is 1500V-1800V.

6. The electronic safety device suitable for multi-channel synchronous ignition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: It also includes a feedback module, which monitors the release instruction issued by the security control module and determines whether the release instruction is effectively executed.

7. The electronic safety device suitable for multi-channel synchronous ignition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The energy storage module includes a high-voltage capacitor C1 and a discharge resistor R1, and the high-voltage capacitor C1 serves as an energy storage element; When the first-level release instruction and the second-level release instruction are valid, the boost module continuously outputs high voltage to charge the high-voltage capacitor C1; when the ignition process is terminated, the second-level release instruction is no longer provided, the high-voltage capacitor C1 is depressurized, the boost module no longer provides high-voltage output, and the high-voltage capacitor C1 is depressurized through the discharge resistor R1.

8. The electronic safety device suitable for multi-channel synchronous ignition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The high-voltage trigger module includes a trigger transformer T2, a field effect tube Q2, and a cold cathode tube HSW1; When the first-level release instruction and the second-level release instruction are valid and the ignition is triggered, the field effect tube is turned on, triggering the pulse discharge circuit of the primary side of the transformer T2. During the discharge process, the secondary side of the trigger transformer T2 outputs a pulse high voltage to the trigger electrode of the cold cathode tube HSW1 according to the transformation ratio, and then turns on the cold cathode tube HSW1, forming a pulse power discharge circuit between the energy storage element and the impact plate ignition tube, and realizing ignition.

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