Shared mooring system

Abstract

The invention discloses a shared mooring system. The shared mooring system comprises an array composed of a plurality of floating units. The floating unit comprises a balance weight platform and at least three floating type fan platforms, the at least three floating type fan platforms are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the balance weight platform, every two adjacent floating type fan platforms are connected through a first shared cable, and the balance weight platform is connected with the floating type fan platforms through second shared cables. The balance weight platform is located in the space defined by the at least three floating type fan platforms, located in the middle and used for providing traction constraining force for the floating type fan platforms located in the circumferential direction of the balance weight platform, and traction on the sides, facing the space defined by the at least three floating type fan platforms, of the floating type fan platforms is increased. The constraint on the floating type fan platform is increased, the capacity of the floating type fan platform for coping with stormy waves and ocean currents is enhanced, the floating type fan platform can be kept relatively stable under the severe sea condition, and the stability and reliability of the floating type fan platform are enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of offshore wind power technology, and in particular to a shared mooring system. Background Art

[0002] Floating wind turbine platforms are an important direction for the development of offshore wind power, especially suitable for deep sea areas. They enable wind turbines to operate in deep sea or sea areas where it is difficult to build fixed foundations, thus expanding the scope of wind power development.

[0003] Floating wind turbine platforms are susceptible to the influence of wind, waves and currents in severe sea conditions, which affects the stability and reliability of the floating wind turbine platforms.

[0004] Therefore, how to enhance the stability and reliability of the floating wind turbine platform has become a technical problem that needs to be urgently solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application proposes a shared mooring system to enhance the stability and reliability of a floating wind turbine platform.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present application provides a shared mooring system, comprising a plurality of floating units distributed in an array;

[0007] The floating unit includes a counterweight platform and at least three floating wind turbine platforms, wherein the at least three floating wind turbine platforms are evenly distributed along the circumference of the counterweight platform, two adjacent floating wind turbine platforms are connected by a first shared cable, and the counterweight platform is connected to the floating wind turbine platform by a second shared cable;

[0008] Two adjacent floating units are connected to each other, and the floating wind turbine platform of the floating unit located at the edge of the array is connected to a fixed structure on the seabed through a mooring cable.

[0009] Preferably, in the above-mentioned shared mooring system, a tension monitor is provided at the connection position between the floating wind turbine platform and the mooring cable, and the tension monitor is used to monitor the tension applied by the mooring cable to the floating wind turbine platform.

[0010] Preferably, in the above-mentioned shared mooring system, the counterweight platform includes a ballast tank and a ballast pump, the ballast tank is connected to the floating wind turbine platform via a second shared cable, and the ballast pump is used to inject or discharge ballast medium into the ballast tank.

[0011] Preferably, in the above-mentioned shared mooring system, the ballast pump is electrically connected to the electrical cabinet of the floating wind turbine platform via a cable assembly, and the cable assembly includes a common cable and a spare cable;

[0012] The cable assembly is fixedly connected to the second shared cable.

[0013] Preferably, in the above-mentioned shared mooring system, an electrical cabinet of at least one of the floating wind turbine platforms of the floating units is connected to the ballast pump via the cable.

[0014] Preferably, in the above-mentioned shared mooring system, at least three of the floating wind turbine platforms form a polygon;

[0015] Along the arrangement direction of two adjacent floating units, the two adjacent floating units share a floating wind turbine platform at a close edge.

[0016] Preferably, in the above-mentioned shared mooring system, at least three of the floating wind turbine platforms form a polygon;

[0017] Two adjacent floating units, whose two sides are opposite to each other and closest to each other, are connected by a third shared cable;

[0018] The third shared cable located between two sides that are opposite to each other and closest to each other adopts at least one of a cross arrangement, a parallel arrangement, a V-shaped arrangement and a W-shaped arrangement.

[0019] Preferably, in the above-mentioned shared mooring system, when the third shared cables between two adjacent floating units that are opposite to each other and closest to each other are arranged in a cross-arrangement, the counterweight platform is provided at the cross position of the third shared cables.

[0020] Preferably, in the above-mentioned shared mooring system, at least one of the mooring line, the first shared line, the second shared line and the third shared line is provided with a gravity block and / or a buoyancy block;

[0021] The mooring cable is at least one of a polymer polyester cable, a steel cable and an anchor chain;

[0022] The first shared cable, the second shared cable, and the third shared cable are at least one of a steel cable and an anchor chain.

[0023] Preferably, in the above-mentioned shared mooring system, the floating wind turbine platform includes a cross brace and side columns, the cross brace is provided between two adjacent side columns, and the side columns are provided with fairlead holes;

[0024] The side columns at both ends of the parallel horizontal braces of two adjacent floating wind turbine platforms are both provided with a first shared cable.

[0025] Preferably, in the above-mentioned shared mooring system, the floating wind turbine platform is at least one of a semi-submersible floating platform, a barge platform and a Spar column platform.

[0026] The shared mooring system provided in the embodiment of the present application includes an array composed of multiple floating units. The floating units include a counterweight platform and at least three floating wind turbine platforms. The at least three floating wind turbine platforms are evenly distributed along the circumference of the counterweight platform. Two adjacent floating wind turbine platforms are connected by a first shared cable, and the counterweight platform is connected to the floating wind turbine platform by a second shared cable. The counterweight platform is located in the middle of the space formed by the at least three floating wind turbine platforms and is used to provide traction and restraint to the floating wind turbine platforms located on the circumference of the counterweight platform, thereby increasing the traction of the floating wind platform toward one side of the space formed by the at least three floating wind platforms, increasing the restraint on the floating wind platform, and enhancing the ability of the floating wind platform to cope with wind, waves and currents, so that the floating wind platform can remain relatively stable in harsh sea conditions, thereby enhancing the stability and reliability of the floating wind platform. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the embodiments or prior art descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some examples or embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without paying any creative work, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings, and the present application can also be applied to other similar scenarios based on the provided drawings. Unless it is obvious from the language context or otherwise explained, the same reference numerals in the figures represent the same structure or operation.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of a basic unit of the prior art;

[0029] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a shared mooring system in the prior art;

[0030] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a drift unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 4 is a side view of a drift unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 5 is a top view of a drift unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of a shared mooring system provided by the first embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 7 is a structural diagram of a shared mooring system provided by a second embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 8is a structural diagram of a shared mooring system provided by a third embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 9 is a structural diagram of a shared mooring system provided by a fourth embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 10 This is a schematic structural diagram of a shared mooring system provided in the fifth embodiment of the present application.

[0038] in:

[0039] 01-Floating wind turbine platform; 02-Connecting cable;

[0040] 1-Floating unit; 11-Floating wind turbine platform; 111-Side column; 112-Cross brace; 12-First shared cable; 2-Counterweight platform; 21-Second shared cable; 3-Mooring cable; 4-Tension monitor; 5-Third shared cable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It will be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining the related application and are not intended to limit the application. The described embodiments are merely a portion of the embodiments of the present application and are not intended to be exhaustive. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative effort are intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0042] It should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the relevant applications are shown in the drawings. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0043] It should be understood that the terms "system," "device," "unit," and / or "module" used in this application are a method for distinguishing different components, elements, parts, portions, or assemblies at different levels. However, if other terms can achieve the same purpose, the terms may be replaced by other expressions.

[0044] As used in this application and the claims, unless the context clearly indicates an exception, the terms "a," "an," "an," and / or "the" are not intended to refer to the singular and may include the plural, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Generally speaking, the terms "comprises" and "include" only indicate the inclusion of the steps and elements specifically identified, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list. A method or apparatus may also include other steps or elements. The phrase "comprises a..." does not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, product, or apparatus that includes the elements.

[0045] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified, " / " represents or. For example, A / B can represent A or B. "And / or" in this article is simply a description of the association relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of this application, "plurality" means two or more than two.

[0046] In the following, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the quantity of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0047] A shared mooring system is a system where multiple floating wind turbine platforms share a single mooring facility. This system can enhance the stability of the floating wind turbine platforms.

[0048] In the related art, a shared mooring system is disclosed, which includes an array composed of multiple basic units. Figure 1 As shown, a basic unit consists of three floating wind turbine platforms 01 arranged in an equilateral triangle. Adjacent floating wind turbine platforms 01 are connected by connecting cables 02, with each floating wind turbine platform 01 serving as the three vertices of the equilateral triangle and the connecting cables 02 as the three sides. A shared mooring system is derived from the basic unit, with floating wind turbine platforms at the edge of the array connected to seafloor anchor piles via mooring cables.

[0049] The number of pile anchors and mooring cables used in the shared mooring system has decreased, which has reduced the cost of offshore wind power to a certain extent. At the same time, two adjacent floating wind turbine platforms 01 are connected by a connecting cable 02. The material usage and cost of the connecting cable 02 are significantly lower than those of the mooring cable, which has further reduced the cost of offshore wind power.

[0050] The basic unit is derivable, that is, every three adjacent floating wind turbine platforms 01 can form a new triangular basic unit, and each basic unit is connected by a connecting cable 02 to form a larger shared mooring system. In addition to the minimum triangular shared mooring system, the shared mooring system can also be linear (such as Figure 2 As shown), circular radiation type, triangular radiation type and L type, etc.

[0051] Figure 5-10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the shared mooring system of this application. The shared mooring system includes a plurality of floating units 1 distributed in an array.

[0052] The floating unit 1 includes a counterweight platform 2 and at least three floating wind turbine platforms 11. The at least three floating wind turbine platforms 11 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the counterweight platform 2. Adjacent floating wind turbine platforms 11 are connected by a first shared cable 12, and the counterweight platform 2 is connected to the floating wind turbine platforms 11 by a second shared cable 21. The at least three floating wind turbine platforms 11 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the counterweight platform 2 in such a way that the center of each floating wind turbine platform 11 is equidistant from the axis of the counterweight platform 2, and the angles between adjacent floating wind turbine platforms 11 are equal.

[0053] The spacing between two adjacent floating wind turbine platforms 11 of each floating unit 1 is adjusted according to sea conditions, site, and sea area, and is not specifically limited in this case.

[0054] The floating wind turbine platform 11, the counterweight platform 2, the first shared cable 12 and the second shared cable 21 constitute a floating unit 1. The first shared cable 12 applies a restraining force to two adjacent floating wind turbine platforms 11, and the counterweight platform 2 applies a restraining force to the floating wind turbine platform 11 through the second shared cable 21.

[0055] Two adjacent floating units 1 are connected to each other to derive a shared mooring system. The array of the shared mooring system can be a regular shape such as a straight line or a polygon, or an irregular shape.

[0056] The at least three floating wind turbine platforms 11 of the floating unit 1 form a polygon. The number of floating wind turbine platforms 11 included in the floating unit 1 can be three, four, five or more.

[0057] The shape of the floating unit 1 of the shared mooring system is not limited to one, and may also be a combination of two or more shapes.

[0058] In the embodiment where the floating unit 1 comprises three floating wind turbine platforms 11, Figure 10 As shown, three floating wind turbine platforms 11 form an equilateral triangle, and the three floating wind turbine platforms 11 are connected to the counterweight platform 2 through three second shared cables 21 respectively; in the embodiment where the floating unit 1 includes four floating wind turbine platforms 11, as shown Figure 3 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, four floating wind turbine platforms 11 are arranged in a square shape, and the four floating wind turbine platforms 11 are connected to the counterweight platform 2 through four second shared cables 21 respectively; in the embodiment where the floating unit 1 includes five floating wind turbine platforms 11, the five floating wind turbine platforms 11 are arranged in a pentagon shape, as shown in FIG. Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, five floating wind turbine platforms 11 are connected to the counterweight platform 2 via five second shared cables 21. The number of floating wind turbine platforms 11 in the floating unit 1 is not limited to the above embodiment and can be other numbers. The specific number is determined by those skilled in the art based on actual needs and is not specifically limited here.

[0059] Two adjacent floating units 1 are connected to each other. Specifically, the two adjacent floating units 1 share the floating wind turbine platform 11, or the floating wind turbine platforms 11 of the two adjacent floating units 1 are connected via a third connecting cable.

[0060] In the embodiment where two adjacent floating units 1 share the floating wind turbine platform 11 , along the arrangement direction of the two adjacent floating units 1 , the two adjacent floating units 1 share the floating wind turbine platform 11 at the adjacent sides.

[0061] In the embodiment where the floating wind turbine platforms 11 of two adjacent floating units 1 are connected via a third connecting cable, two sides of the two adjacent floating units 1 that are opposite to each other and closest to each other are connected via the third shared cable 5 .

[0062] In an embodiment where the floating unit 1 includes three floating wind turbine platforms 11, the three floating wind turbine platforms 11 are arranged to form an equilateral triangle. For the convenience of subsequent description, one of the two adjacent floating units 1 is named the first floating unit 1, and the other of the two adjacent floating units 1 is named the second floating unit 1. The equilateral triangle formed by the first floating units 1 is in the opposite direction to the equilateral triangle formed by the second floating units 1. Specifically, one of the vertices of the first floating unit 1 is located at the top, and one of the vertices of the second floating unit 1 is located at the bottom.

[0063] Multiple floating units 1 are arranged along a first direction (hereinafter referred to as the X direction for ease of description) and a second direction (hereinafter referred to as the Y direction for ease of description). Along the X direction, a first floating unit 1 and a second floating unit 1 can share a floating wind turbine platform 11 located adjacent to each other. Along the Y direction, the two opposite, closest sides of two adjacent floating units 1 are connected by a third shared cable 5.

[0064] like Figure 5 As shown, an embodiment of the floating unit 1 includes four floating wind turbine platforms 11. The four floating wind turbine platforms 11 are arranged in a square. Two floating wind turbine platforms 11 included on the sides of the square parallel to the Y direction form a group. Any two groups of floating wind turbine platforms 11 along the X direction constitute the floating unit 1.

[0065] Multiple floating units 1 are arranged along the X and Y directions to form an array. Optionally, the X and Y directions form an angle of 90° (the figure shows an embodiment in which the angle between the X and Y directions is 90°).

[0066] Figure 5 Among the multiple floating units 1 arranged along the X direction, two adjacent floating units 1 share the floating wind turbine platform 11 on the sides close to each other; among the multiple floating units 1 arranged along the Y direction, two adjacent floating units 1 are located opposite to each other and are connected by the third shared cable 5 on the two sides closest to each other.

[0067] Optionally, in an embodiment where two adjacent floating units 1 are located opposite each other and the two closest sides are connected by a third shared cable 5 , the third shared cable 5 adopts at least one of a cross arrangement, a parallel arrangement, a V-shaped arrangement and a W-shaped arrangement.

[0068] The multiple floating units 1 arranged along the X direction can be connected in one way or in a combination of two ways; the multiple floating units 1 arranged along the Y direction can be connected in one way or in a combination of two ways; the multiple floating units 1 arranged along the X direction and the multiple floating units 1 arranged along the Y direction can be connected in the same way or in different ways.

[0069] The connection method of two adjacent floating units 1 is not limited to the above embodiment, and may be other methods that can achieve the connection of two adjacent floating units 1, which is not specifically limited here.

[0070] In an embodiment where the third shared cable 5 is arranged crosswise between the two nearest edges of two adjacent floating units 1, a counterweight platform 2 is provided at the crosswise position. Specifically, the third shared cable 5 is located on the vertex bisector of the polygonal shape formed by the plurality of floating wind turbine platforms 11. Each floating platform is connected to the third shared cable 5. The third shared cable 5 extends from the floating platform to the counterweight platform 2 and is connected to the counterweight platform 2.

[0071] The floating wind turbine platform 11 includes a cross brace 112 and a side column 111. A cross brace 112 is arranged between two adjacent side columns 111. The side columns 111 are provided with a fairlead hole. The mooring cable 3, the first shared cable 12, the second shared cable 21 and the third shared cable 5 pass through the fairlead hole and are connected to the windlass.

[0072] The location and number of side columns 111 are designed based on the connection requirements between floating wind turbine platform 11 and adjacent floating wind turbine platforms 11 (these two floating wind turbine platforms 11 can be located in the same floating unit 1 or in different floating units 1), as well as the connection requirements between floating wind turbine platform 11 and seabed anchor piles. Cross braces 112 are positioned adjacent to side columns 111 to enhance the strength of adjacent side columns 111.

[0073] First shared cables 12 are installed on the side columns 111 at both ends of the parallel horizontal braces 112 of two adjacent floating wind turbine platforms 11. The first shared cables 12 are arranged in parallel or crosswise between the two parallel horizontal braces 112 to enhance the connection stability of the two adjacent floating wind turbine platforms 11.

[0074] like Figure 5 As shown, the floating unit 1 includes four floating wind turbine platforms 11, each of which includes three side columns 111 and three sets of cross braces 112 located between two adjacent side columns 111. The three side columns 111 are arranged in an equilateral triangle. Figure 6 As shown, the triangles formed by the three side columns 111 of the two floating wind turbine platforms 11 arranged along the Y direction of the same floating unit 1 are in opposite directions, the bases of the two triangles are parallel to each other, and the side columns 111 on the two bases are connected by a third shared cable 5; the vertices of the triangles formed by the three side columns 111 of the adjacent floating wind turbine platforms 11 of the two floating units 1 arranged along the Y direction are connected by a third shared cable 5; the triangles formed by the three side columns 111 of the two floating wind turbine platforms 11 arranged along the X direction are in the same direction, and the adjacent side columns 111 on the bases of the two triangles are connected by a third shared cable 5.

[0075] The floating wind turbine platforms 11 of the floating units 1 at the edge of the array are connected to the seabed fixed structure via mooring cables 3 to achieve the fixation of the shared mooring system. Optionally, the seabed fixed structure is a seabed anchor pile.

[0076] The counterweight platform 2 is located in the middle of the space formed by at least three floating wind turbine platforms 11, and is used to provide traction and restraint to the floating wind turbine platforms 11 located in the circumferential direction of the counterweight platform 2, thereby increasing the traction of the floating wind turbine platform 11 toward one side of the space formed by the at least three floating wind turbine platforms 11, increasing the restraint on the floating wind turbine platform 11, and enhancing the ability of the floating wind turbine platform 11 to cope with wind, waves and currents, so that the floating wind turbine platform 11 can remain relatively stable under severe sea conditions.

[0077] Optionally, the counterweight platform 2 may be a counterweight platform with a constant counterweight, and the ballast of the counterweight platform 2 is determined according to sea conditions.

[0078] Optionally, the counterweight platform 2 can be a counterweight platform with adjustable counterweight. Specifically, the ballast weight of the counterweight platform 2 is adjusted according to different sea conditions to achieve motion response under different sea conditions and improve the safety and overall performance of the shared mooring system.

[0079] Specifically, when the sea conditions are relatively mild, the environmental load on the floating wind turbine platform 11 is small, the floating wind turbine platform 11 moves relatively smoothly, and the counterweight platform 2 can run without load, and its force on the entire floating unit 1 is relatively small; when the sea conditions become severe or even encounter a typhoon, the counterweight platform 2 increases the counterweight, greatly increasing the lateral traction constraint force on the floating wind turbine platform 11, so that the floating wind turbine platform 11 can remain relatively stable in severe sea conditions, preventing cable failure and module interference and collision.

[0080] In some embodiments, the counterweight platform 2 includes a ballast tank and a ballast pump. The ballast tank is connected to the floating wind turbine platform 11 via a second shared cable 21. The ballast pump is used to inject or discharge ballast medium into the ballast tank to adjust the lateral traction and restraining force provided by the ballast tank to the floating wind turbine platform 11. In this embodiment, the counterweight platform 2 actively and dynamically adjusts the distribution and weight of the ballast water in the ballast tank to achieve precise control of the stability and buoyancy of the entire shared mooring system.

[0081] Optionally, the ballast medium in the ballast tank is seawater, which is used to change the ballast tank's counterweight. When filling with water, local materials are used, which does not increase costs too much. When draining, the water is discharged locally, which does not affect the marine environment.

[0082] The ballast tank may be cylindrical, spherical, cubic, etc., but is not limited to the above shapes.

[0083] The ballast pump is electrically connected to the electrical cabinet of the floating wind turbine platform 11 via a cable, and the electricity generated by the floating wind turbine can be supplied to the ballast pump, reducing the difficulty of powering the ballast pump. Optionally, the ballast pump is a vertical ballast pump.

[0084] The cables include common cables and spare cables, both of which are connected to the ballast pump and the electrical cabinet. Under normal circumstances, the electrical cabinet is powered by the common cable box and the ballast pump. If the common cable cannot be used due to damage or other factors, the spare cable is activated, and the electrical cabinet is powered by the spare cable box and the ballast pump.

[0085] Optionally, the cable is fixedly connected to the second shared cable 21. In other words, the cable is fixed on the second shared cable 21, and the cable swings synchronously with the second shared cable 21, reducing the risk of the cable and the second shared cable 21 being entangled during use. At the same time, the second shared cable 21 provides an installation basis for the cable, protects the cable, and reduces the risk of the cable breaking due to its own vibration.

[0086] In some embodiments, the electrical cabinet of at least one floating wind turbine platform 11 of the floating unit 1 is connected to the ballast pump via a cable to ensure that under extreme working conditions, if one of the cables breaks, the electrical cabinets of other floating wind turbine platforms 11 can supply power to the ballast pump via a backup cable to ensure the normal operation of the ballast pump.

[0087] The ballast tank may include only one tank body, or may include multiple tank bodies connected in series and / or in parallel. In an embodiment where the ballast tank includes multiple tank bodies connected in series and / or in parallel, the multiple tank bodies connected in series and / or in parallel are arranged flat or stacked along the space enclosed by the multiple floating wind turbine platforms 11.

[0088] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, a tension monitor 4 is provided at the connection position between the floating wind turbine platform 11 and the mooring cable 3 , and the tension monitor is used to monitor the tension applied by the mooring cable 3 to the floating wind turbine platform 11 .

[0089] The tension monitor can monitor and analyze the tension between the mooring cable 3 and the floating wind turbine platform 11. When it is detected that the tension is too large, the windlass automatically loosens the mooring cable 3 appropriately to prevent the mooring cable 3 from failing. When it is detected that the tension is too small and the movement of the floating wind turbine platform 11 is too large, the windlass automatically tightens the mooring cable 3 appropriately to limit the displacement of the floating wind turbine platform 11.

[0090] The shared mooring system disclosed in the present application integrates a sensor network to monitor key parameters such as stress, strain and temperature of the mooring cable 3 acting on the floating wind turbine platform 11 in real time, make corresponding dynamic adjustments, adjust the mooring stiffness of the entire shared mooring system, and maintain the adaptability of the shared mooring system to the working sea conditions.

[0091] In some embodiments, the mooring line 3 is at least one of a high molecular weight polyester cable, a steel cable, and an anchor chain.

[0092] Polyester cables have the advantages of high strength, light weight, strong corrosion resistance, good fatigue resistance, low elongation and good wear resistance, and can adapt to long-term operation in deep sea or complex sea conditions.

[0093] Steel cables, made of multiple strands of high-strength steel wire, are common rigid cables used in mooring operations. They offer advantages such as high strength, good wear resistance, and high temperature resistance. To improve their corrosion resistance, they require regular coating with anti-rust paint or galvanizing to slow corrosion. Stainless steel cables can also be used.

[0094] Anchor chains are composed of multiple links connected in sequence, providing both mooring and load-bearing functions. They offer advantages such as high strength, toughness, wear resistance, expansion resistance, and rigidity. The links are made of steel and can be painted or galvanized for improved corrosion resistance. The gaps between the links can be washed by seawater, reducing the accumulation of corrosive substances on the anchor chain.

[0095] The mooring line 3 may also be provided with a counterweight and / or a buoyancy block as required.

[0096] The first shared cable 12 , the second shared cable 21 and the third shared cable 5 are at least one of polyester cables and steel cables.

[0097] The first shared cable 12 , the third shared cable 5 and the second shared cable 21 can be made of the same material or different materials, and a combination of polyester cable and steel cable is used to meet various performance requirements.

[0098] The first shared cable 12 , the third shared cable 5 and the second shared cable 21 are used in large quantities. Compared with anchor cables, the shared mooring system can have lower weight and cost, and can significantly reduce the load of the mooring system on the floating wind turbine platform 11 .

[0099] Optionally, at least one of the first shared cable 12, the second shared cable 21, and the third shared cable 5 is provided with a weight block and / or a buoyancy block. By adjusting the balance relationship between the weight block and / or the buoyancy block, the stability and dynamic performance of the floating wind turbine platform 11 are optimized. The counterweight block and / or the buoyancy block can be designed according to the counterweight requirements. Compared with the first shared cable 12, the second shared cable 21, and the third shared cable 5 using an anchor chain as the entire cable, the distribution of gravity and buoyancy can be adjusted as needed.

[0100] A gravity block and / or a buoyancy block is provided on the second shared cable 21 , which cooperates with the counterweight platform 2 to apply a restraining force to the floating wind turbine platform 11 , thereby improving the stability of the floating wind turbine platform 11 .

[0101] To ensure the safety of the mooring system under extreme working conditions, the mooring cable 3, the first shared cable 12, the third shared cable 5 and the second shared cable 21 can respectively include 2-3 cables (the mooring cable 3, the first shared cable 12, the third shared cable 5 and the second shared cable 21 are collectively referred to as cables), which improves safety and reliability compared to the single cable method.

[0102] The mooring line 3 adopts at least one of tensioning, semi-tensioning and catenary arrangements;

[0103] The first shared cable 12 adopts at least one of a tensioned, semi-tensioned, and catenary arrangement;

[0104] The second shared cable 21 adopts at least one of a tensioned, semi-tensioned and catenary arrangement.

[0105] The tensioning arrangement relies on the tension generated by the axial stiffness of the cable to provide the required restraint force for the floating wind turbine platform 11 . It has a small mooring radius and is easy to install, and can effectively limit the average and low-frequency displacements of the floating wind turbine platform 11 .

[0106] The semi-tensioned arrangement applies pre-tension to make the underwater cable semi-tensioned, which can effectively control the horizontal radiation distance of the mooring system.

[0107] The catenary arrangement is a arrangement in which the catenary exerts a restraining force on the mooring system through its own gravity and geometric form, thereby achieving the positioning of the floating wind turbine platform 11. The pull-out resistance requirements for the seabed anchor piles are low. The disadvantage is that the cable length field will occupy a larger area as the water depth increases.

[0108] The floating wind turbine platform 11 is at least one of a semi-submersible floating platform, a barge platform, and a Spar platform.

[0109] The main structure of a semi-submersible floating platform consists of multiple submerged floats connected by trusses or columns, with columns supporting the wind turbine tower on top. Ballast tanks are installed inside the floats, and the center of gravity and draft can be controlled by adjusting the ballast water to ensure stability.

[0110] Semi-submersible floating platforms have the advantages of strong stability, wide adaptability and large carrying capacity.

[0111] The main body of a barge-type platform is a flat-bottomed rectangular or polygonal floating structure filled with foam or watertight compartments for buoyancy. The wind turbine tower is mounted directly on top. The mooring system is usually a catenary system, with anchor chains securing the platform. Some designs also include ballast tanks at the bottom to lower the center of gravity.

[0112] The barge-type platform utilizes shipbuilding technology, offering easy construction, a short construction period, and low initial investment. Optionally, the barge-type platform can be equipped with fin stabilizers for enhanced stability.

[0113] The main body of the Spar column platform is a single slender cylindrical column, with the lower part about 2 / 3 immersed in water. A ballast tank (filled with barite or seawater) is set at the bottom to lower the center of gravity, and the wind turbine tower is supported by a short column at the top.

[0114] The mooring systems of the Spar column platforms included are mostly semi-tensioned (steel cable + anchor chain combination), with high vertical stiffness to limit the heave and sink movement of the platform.

[0115] The Spar column platform has the advantages of excellent motion performance and strong wind and wave resistance, and has become the mainstream choice in ultra-deep water (>500m) and high sea conditions areas.

[0116] The shared mooring system disclosed in this application not only improves the stable mooring of the floating wind turbine platform 11, but also realizes the intensive and efficient utilization of wind farms in terms of layout, meeting the country's development requirements for the sustainable utilization of marine resources.

[0117] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application and an illustration of the technical principles employed, and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and variations of the present application are possible. The scope of application involved in the present application is not limited to the technical solutions formed by a specific combination of the above-mentioned technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above-mentioned technical features or their equivalents without departing from the above-mentioned application concept. For example, a technical solution formed by replacing the above-mentioned features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this application.

Claims

1. A shared mooring system, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of floating units (1) distributed in an array; The floating unit (1) comprises a counterweight platform (2) and at least three floating wind turbine platforms (11), wherein the at least three floating wind turbine platforms (11) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the counterweight platform (2), two adjacent floating wind turbine platforms (11) are connected via a first shared cable (12), and the counterweight platform (2) is connected to the floating wind turbine platform (11) via a second shared cable (21); Two adjacent floating units (1) are connected to each other, and the floating wind turbine platform (11) of the floating unit (1) located at the edge of the array is connected to a seabed fixed structure via a mooring cable (3).

2. The shared mooring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A tension monitor (4) is provided at the connection position between the floating wind turbine platform (11) and the mooring cable (3), and the tension monitor is used to monitor the tension applied by the mooring cable (3) to the floating wind turbine platform (11).

3. The shared mooring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The counterweight platform (2) comprises a ballast tank and a ballast pump, the ballast tank is connected to the floating wind turbine platform (11) via a second shared cable (21), and the ballast pump is used to inject or discharge ballast medium into the ballast tank.

4. The shared mooring system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ballast pump is electrically connected to the electrical cabinet of the floating wind turbine platform (11) via a cable assembly, wherein the cable assembly includes a common cable and a spare cable; The cable assembly is fixedly connected to the second shared cable (21).

5. The shared mooring system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The electrical cabinet of at least one of the floating wind turbine platforms (11) of the floating unit (1) is connected to the ballast pump via the cable.

6. The shared mooring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least three of the floating wind turbine platforms (11) form a polygon; Along the arrangement direction of two adjacent floating units (1), the two adjacent floating units (1) share a floating wind turbine platform (11) at a close edge.

7. The shared mooring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least three of the floating wind turbine platforms (11) form a polygon; Two adjacent floating units (1) are connected by a third shared cable (5) at two sides that are opposite to each other and closest to each other; The third shared cable (5) located between two sides that are opposite to each other and closest to each other adopts at least one of a cross arrangement, a parallel arrangement, a V-shaped arrangement and a W-shaped arrangement.

8. The shared mooring system according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the third shared cables (5) between two adjacent floating units (1) that are positioned opposite to each other and are closest to each other are arranged in a cross arrangement, the counterweight platform (2) is provided at the cross position of the third shared cables (5).

9. The shared mooring system according to claim 7, characterized in that: At least one of the mooring cable (3), the first shared cable (12), the second shared cable (21) and the third shared cable (5) is provided with a gravity block and / or a buoyancy block; The mooring cable (3) is at least one of a polymer polyester cable, a steel cable and an anchor chain; The first shared cable (12), the second shared cable (21) and the third shared cable (5) are at least one of a steel cable and an anchor chain.

10. The shared mooring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating wind turbine platform (11) comprises a transverse brace (112) and side columns (111), wherein the transverse brace (112) is provided between two adjacent side columns (111), and the side columns (111) are provided with fairlead holes; The side columns (111) at both ends of the mutually parallel horizontal braces (112) of two adjacent floating wind turbine platforms (11) are both provided with a first shared cable (12).

11. The shared mooring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating wind turbine platform (11) is at least one of a semi-submersible floating platform, a barge platform, and a Spar column platform.

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