Method for determining material-liquid ratio, time and frequency of perfume extraction

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for determining the material-liquid ratio, time and frequency of spice extraction in a laboratory. The solvent used for extracting the perfume is water, the perfume raw materials are particles, blocks or sheets which can pass through a sieve with the diameter of 10mm, and the perfume extraction temperature does not exceed the boiling point of water. The optimal parameters determined in the laboratory are applied to industrial production, efficient extraction of the fragrant raw materials can be achieved, the extraction rate of the fragrant raw materials can be effectively increased, and waste of extraction energy consumption can be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of cigarettes, and particularly relates to a method for determining the material-liquid ratio, time and number of times of flavor extraction. Background Art

[0002] The extraction rate of industrially produced spices generally requires a comprehensive consideration of the compatibility of raw material characteristics with the extraction method, as well as the control of process parameters. Commonly used solvents for spice extraction are water, alcohol, or alcohol solutions. Given the raw materials and method, the spice extraction rate primarily depends on the control of process parameters during the raw material extraction stage, namely, the material-to-liquid ratio, temperature, time, and number of extractions. Existing extraction parameters are typically selected based on relevant literature or the experience of technicians. This results in inaccurate parameter settings for key extraction factors, making efficient extraction difficult and often leading to energy waste.

[0003] The present invention has been proposed to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The degree of extraction of aromatic raw materials is difficult to control, which may not necessarily achieve efficient extraction. The setting of key extraction factors and parameters greatly affects the extraction rate of aromatics. To solve this problem, the present invention now proposes a method for determining the optimal parameters for aromatic extraction.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A method for determining optimal extraction parameters for spices is disclosed. The solvent used for spice extraction is water. The spice raw material is in the form of particles, blocks, or flakes that can pass through a 10 mm diameter sieve. The spice extraction temperature is set to a temperature not exceeding the boiling point of water, generally above 70°C. The spice extraction parameters include the material-to-liquid ratio, extraction time, and number of extractions. Smaller spice raw material particles result in a higher single-extraction yield, but separation is more difficult. Larger spice raw material particles are easier to separate, but the single-extraction yield is lower. A moderate particle size is generally preferred, while the raw material characteristics must also be considered; 1.0 mm to 10 mm is preferred.

[0007] Preferably, the steps for determining the optimal material-liquid ratio of the spice extraction are:

[0008] (1) Determine the lower limit of the material-liquid ratio 1 (g): K (ml);

[0009] (2) When the solid-liquid ratio is 1:K and the extraction is carried out at a certain temperature, the soluble component content k1 in the solution is measured after a period of time t; when the solid-liquid ratio is 1:(K+n) and the extraction is carried out at a certain temperature, the soluble component content k2 in the solution is measured after a period of time t; when the solid-liquid ratio is 1:(K+2n) and the extraction is carried out at a certain temperature, the soluble component content k3 in the solution is measured after a period of time t; ...; when the solid-liquid ratio is 1:(K+1n) and the extraction is carried out at a certain temperature, the soluble component content k in the solution is measured after a period of time t i Wherein, i is 1, 2, 3 or 4; n is the interval width of the extraction solvent increment, which is a positive integer not less than 5; t is not greater than 30min; the soluble component content can be determined using a Brix meter;

[0010] (3) Let K, K+n, K+2n, ..., K+in be the horizontal coordinates, and k1, k2, k3, ..., k n Draw a curve for the vertical axis, find the horizontal axis K+xn corresponding to the critical point where the curve begins to flatten (i.e., the dynamic equilibrium point of extraction), then 1:(K+xn) is the optimal material-liquid ratio for the fragrance extraction; if it is not the optimal material-liquid ratio, the extraction rate of the fragrance raw material is not optimal, and energy consumption is wasted;

[0011] Preferably, the volume of solvent K at the lower limit of the material-liquid ratio is the tapped volume v of 1g of the spice raw material particles. 振实 1.2-1.5 times (considering the effects of mass transfer efficiency, stirring, etc.) and the volume v of the spice raw material water absorption 吸水 The sum of K(ml)=v 振实 ×(1.2~1.5)+v 吸水 .

[0012] Preferably, the volume v of the water absorption of the spice raw material particles is 吸水 The determination method is as follows: add excess water (generally 5 times or more of the raw material mass) to a certain mass of raw materials for soaking, and then determine the soluble component content k%; when k% remains unchanged, filter to obtain the filtrate; weigh and calculate the mass of water in the filter residue m 渣水 , which is v 吸水 ; The calculation formula is: m 渣水 =m 水 -m 滤液 ×(1-k%), where m 水 is the mass of water added, m 滤液 is the mass of the filtrate. The soluble component content can be determined using a Brix meter.

[0013] Preferably, the best extraction time of spices is t 最佳 The determination steps are: extracting at the optimal material-liquid ratio of 1: (K+xn) at a certain temperature, and detecting the soluble component content k every 5-15 minutes.j %; when (k j+1 %-k j %) / k j The moment when %≤0.5% is determined as the optimal extraction time of the spice t 最佳 ;k j % is the soluble component content obtained by the jth measurement.

[0014] Preferably, the steps of determining the optimal number of times of extracting the spices are: determining the optimal amount of water added for the second extraction; 最佳 After the second extraction, the second spice extraction rate η2% is measured and calculated. If η2% / (η1%+η2%)>0.5%, a second extraction is performed, and similarly, a third extraction is performed, ...; wherein η1% is the first spice extraction rate; if η2% / (η1%+η2%)<0.5%, a second extraction is not performed, and similarly, a third extraction is not performed, ...

[0015] Preferably, the first spice extraction rate η1% is the mass m of the soluble component obtained by the first extraction. 可1 The mass of the original spice raw materials m 原料 The second spice extraction rate η2% is the mass m of the soluble component obtained by the second extraction 可2 The mass of the original spice raw materials m 原料 Similarly, the third spice extraction rate η3% is obtained,…

[0016] Preferably, the method for determining the optimal amount of water added for the second extraction is as follows: (1) the mass of the dry residue of the spice raw material after the first extraction is m 干滤渣1 The first water addition amount M is obtained by adding water according to the optimal material-liquid ratio of the first spice extraction. 水1 (2) Volume increment of the filter residue after water absorption after the first extraction △v 滤渣水 (ml) converted to mass increment △m 滤渣水 (g)=△v 滤渣水 ×1;△m 滤渣水 (g) is the second water addition amount M 水2 ;(3)M 水1 +M 水2 This is the optimal amount of water to be added for the second extraction.

[0017] Preferably, the mass m of the dry residue of the spice raw material after the first extraction is 干滤渣1 It is obtained by calculation, and the calculation formula is as follows: 干滤渣1 =m 原料 -(m 滤液1 ×k1%+m 渣可1 ); where m 原料 is the mass of the original spice raw material, m滤液1 is the mass of the filtrate after the first extraction, k1% is the content of soluble components in the filtrate after the first extraction, m 渣可1 is the mass of soluble components in the filter residue after the first extraction; m 渣可1 Calculated by the following formula: m 渣可1 / (m 渣水1 +m 渣可1 )×100%=k1%,m 渣水1 is the water content in the filter residue of the spice raw material after the first extraction, which is measured by m 渣水1 =m 水1 -m 滤液1 ×(1-k1%), where m 水1 is the mass of water added during the first extraction. The soluble component content can be determined using a Brix meter;

[0018] Preferably, the volume increment Δv of the filter residue after water absorption after the first extraction is 滤渣水 (ml) The calculation method is as follows: △v 滤渣水 (ml)=v 滤渣水1 –v 空位 ; Among them, v 滤渣水1 is the volume of water in the filter residue after the first extraction, v 滤渣水1 =m 渣水1 / 1;v 空位 v is the vacancy volume generated after the soluble components of the spice raw materials are extracted for the first time, 空位 =v 滤液空位 +v 滤渣空位 ; Among them, v 滤液空位 is the volume of soluble components in the filtrate, v 滤液空位 =m 滤液1 / ρ–m 液水1 / 1, ρ is the density of the filtrate, m 液水1 is the mass of water in the filtrate; v 滤渣空位 is the volume of soluble components in the filter residue, v 滤渣空位 =(m 渣水1 +m 渣可1 ) / (ρ–m 渣水1 / 1).

[0019] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0020] 1. The method for determining the optimal extraction parameters of spices of the present invention determines the optimal material-liquid ratio, time and number of extraction parameters of spice raw materials. Applying the above-mentioned optimal parameters determined in the laboratory to industrial production can achieve efficient extraction of spice raw materials, effectively improve the extraction rate of spice raw materials, and avoid waste of extraction energy. The method for determining the extraction rate of spice raw materials η% is: using a Brix meter to directly detect the soluble component content k% in the spice water extract, and using η%=m 可 / m 原料 ×100%,m 可 =(m 提取液 ×k%) and m 提取液 =m 滤液 +m 渣液 Calculation can be obtained; where m 可 is the mass of the soluble components extracted from the water extract, m 原料 is the mass of the original spice raw material, m 提取液 is the total mass of the water extract, m 滤液 is the mass of the filtrate, m 渣液 It is the mass of liquid (containing soluble components) in the filter residue.

[0021] 2. The method of the present invention first proposes the concept of vacancy volume, which is generated after the soluble components of the spice raw materials are extracted; it is used to calculate the optimal number of spice extraction times and the optimal amount of water added for the second and third extractions, achieving good results.

[0022] 3. The method of the present invention only requires weighing the mass of the filtrate and filter residue, measuring the soluble component content of the filtrate (using a Brix meter) and the density of the filtrate (using a density analyzer). Then, through simple calculations, the optimal material-liquid ratio, time, and number of extraction times for the spice raw material can be determined. This method is practical and simple. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0024] Those skilled in the art will understand that the following examples are intended to illustrate the present invention only and should not be construed as limiting its scope. Where specific techniques or conditions are not specified in the examples, the experiments were performed in accordance with those described in literature in the art or in accordance with product specifications. Materials or equipment used, where the manufacturer is not specified, are commercially available. Unless otherwise indicated, percentages are by mass. At room temperature, the density of water is 1 g / ml.

[0025] Example 1: Method for determining the optimal material-liquid ratio, optimal time and number of extractions for water extraction of shredded tobacco pieces.

[0026] (1) The method for determining the optimal material-liquid ratio for the initial water extraction of crushed tobacco pieces is:

[0027] The compacted volume v of each 1g of broken tobacco pieces (weight ratio: among them, the proportion of diameter > 5mm is > 20%; the proportion of diameter > 4mm is > 60%; the proportion of diameter < 3mm is < 10%) was measured. 振实 =4.9ml, v 吸水 =4.1ml, because of its large water absorption capacity, considering the mass transfer efficiency and stirring, heating and other factors, take 1.2 times of v振实 ; From 4.9×1.2=5.88≈5.9; plus v 吸水 , and the lower limit of the material-liquid ratio is 1:10.

[0028] First, the extraction temperature was 70°C, the material-liquid ratio was 1:10 (20:200), and the rotation speed of the rotary evaporator was 80 rpm. The extraction time was 25 minutes. The soluble component content k1 of the extraction filtrate at room temperature was 5.0% using a Brix meter.

[0029] The extraction was carried out at a water extraction temperature of 70°C, a solid-liquid ratio of 1:11 (20:220), and a rotary evaporator speed of 80 rpm for 25 min. The soluble component content k1 of the extract filtrate at room temperature was determined to be 4.7% using a Brix meter.

[0030] The extraction was carried out at a water extraction temperature of 70°C, a solid-liquid ratio of 1:12 (20:240), and a rotary evaporator speed of 80 rpm for 25 minutes. The soluble component content k1 of the extract filtrate at room temperature was determined to be 4.5% using a Brix meter.

[0031] The extraction was carried out at a water extraction temperature of 70°C, a solid-liquid ratio of 1:13 (20:260), and a rotary evaporator speed of 80 rpm for 25 min. The soluble component content k1 of the extract filtrate at room temperature was determined to be 4.4% using a Brix meter.

[0032] The extraction was carried out at a water extraction temperature of 70°C, a solid-liquid ratio of 1:14 (20:280), and a rotary evaporator speed of 80 rpm for 25 min. The soluble component content k1 of the extract filtrate at room temperature was determined to be 4.38% using a Brix meter.

[0033] Draw a curve with 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14 as the horizontal coordinates and 5.0%, 4.7%, 4.5%, 4.4%, and 4.3% as the vertical coordinates, and find the horizontal coordinate 12 corresponding to the critical point where the curve begins to flatten out (i.e., the dynamic equilibrium point of the extraction). Then 1:12 is the optimal material-liquid ratio for the spice extraction.

[0034] (2) The method for determining the optimal time for the initial water extraction of broken tobacco pieces is:

[0035] According to the best material-liquid ratio of 1:12 (20:240) and the extraction temperature at 70℃, the soluble component content k was detected every 5 minutes. j %; Among them, the soluble components were 5.39% and 5.40% when extracted for 20min and 25min, respectively, (5.40%-5.39%) / k j %=0.19%≤0.5%, so the first extraction time is selected as 25min.

[0036] Similarly, the optimal time for the second extraction is 8 minutes.

[0037] (3) The method for determining the optimal amount of water to be added for the second water extraction of crushed tobacco pieces is:

[0038] First extraction: The crushed tobacco slices were extracted with water at a solid-liquid ratio of 20:240 g, a temperature of 70 ° C, an extraction time of 25 min and a rotation speed of 80 rpm; the mass of the first extraction filtrate was weighed m 滤液1 =166.1g, detect the density of the extracted filtrate ρ 滤液1 =1.0175g / ml, weigh the filter residue mass m 滤渣1 = 93.9 g, and the soluble content of the filtrate (measured using a Brix meter) is k1% = 4.5%. Therefore, the mass of the soluble component in the filtrate is 166.1 g × 4.5% = 7.48 g, the volume of the filtrate is 166.1 g / 1.0175 g / ml = 163.24 ml, the mass of water in the filtrate is 166.1 g - 7.48 g = 158.6 g, and the volume of water in the filtrate is 158.62 ml (1 g / ml). Therefore, the volume of the soluble component in the filtrate is 163.24 ml - 158.62 ml = 4.61 ml.

[0039] The mass of water in the filter residue is m 渣水1 =m 水1 -m 滤液1 ×(1-k1%)=240g-158.62g=81.4g; m 渣可1 / (m 渣水1 +m 渣可1 )×100%=k1%, calculate the mass m of soluble components in the filter residue 渣可1 =3.84g; the volume of the liquid (including water and soluble components) contained in the filter residue is (81.4g+3.84g) / 1.0175g / ml=83.78ml, so the volume of the soluble components in the filter residue is 83.78ml-81.3ml=2.37ml.

[0040] The vacancy volume generated after the soluble components of the spice raw materials are extracted for the first time, v 空位 =4.61+2.37=6.98ml; mass of dry filter residue m 干滤渣1 =m 原料 -(m 滤液1 ×k1%+m 渣可1 )=20g-(7.48+3.84)=8.68g.

[0041] Second extraction, M 水1 The optimal material-liquid ratio of the first spice extraction is 1:12, and water is added, i.e. 8.68g×12=104.2g; M 水2 is △m滤渣水 (g), △v 滤渣水 (ml)=v 滤渣水1 –v 空位 =81.4ml-6.98ml=74.42ml; the optimal amount of water added for the second extraction is M 水1 +M 水2 =104.2g+74.42g=178.62g.

[0042] (4) The method for determining the optimal number of water extractions for broken cigarette pieces is to take the second extraction as an example.

[0043] After the first extraction, the amount of water added to the filtered residue was 178.62 g according to the calculation result of step (3); the water extraction time was 8 min at a temperature of 70°C and a rotation speed of 80 rpm.

[0044] After the second extraction, the weighing and test results are as follows: The mass of the filtrate after the second extraction is obtained by weighing m 滤液2 = 175.70 g, measure the soluble content of the filtrate (measured using a Brix meter) k2 = 1.5%; weigh the filter residue mass m 滤渣2 =96.82g; calculate the mass of soluble components in the filtrate m 滤液可2 =175.7g×1.5%=2.64g; the mass of water in the filter residue m 滤渣水2 =86.9g, mass of soluble components in the filter residue m 渣可2 =1.32g; then the mass of the soluble component extracted for the second time is m 提取液可2 =(m 滤液可2 +m 渣可2 )-m 渣可1 =(1.32+2.64)-3.84=0.12g, so the second extraction rate η2%=(0.12 / 20)×100%=0.60%, and the total extraction rate of one extraction η1%=(7.48+3.84) / 20=56.6%; and η2% / (η1%+η2%)=0.6% / (56.6%+0.6%)=0.01%<0.5%, so there is no need for a second extraction.

[0045] Example 2: Method for determining the optimal material-liquid ratio, optimal time and number of extractions for water extraction of Pueraria root.

[0046] (1) The method for determining the optimal material-liquid ratio for the initial water extraction of Pueraria root is:

[0047] The vibrated volume v of each 1g of Pueraria lobata granules (20-40 mesh) was determined. 振 =1.94ml, v 吸水 =2.2ml, the water absorption capacity is small, considering the mass transfer efficiency and other factors, take 1.5 times of v 振实; 1.94×1.5=3.41, plus v 吸水 =2.2ml is 4.13, round up, the lower limit of the material-liquid ratio is 1:5.

[0048] Extraction was first performed at a water extraction temperature of 75°C, a material-liquid ratio lower limit of 1:5 (10:50), a rotary evaporator speed of 70 rpm, and a t value of 20 min. The soluble component content k1 of the extract filtrate at room temperature was determined to be 4.9% using a Brix meter.

[0049] The extraction was carried out at a water extraction temperature of 75°C, a solid-liquid ratio of 1:6 (10:60), a rotary evaporator speed of 70 rpm, and a t-time of 20 min. The soluble component content k1 of the extract filtrate at room temperature was determined to be 3.6% using a Brix meter.

[0050] The extraction was carried out at a water extraction temperature of 75°C, a solid-liquid ratio of 1:7 (10:70), a rotary evaporator speed of 70 rpm, and a t-time of 20 min. The soluble component content k1 of the extract filtrate at room temperature was determined to be 3.2% using a Brix meter.

[0051] The extraction was carried out at a water extraction temperature of 75°C, a solid-liquid ratio of 1:8 (10:80), a rotary evaporator speed of 70 rpm, and a t-time of 20 min. The soluble component content k1 of the extract filtrate at room temperature was determined to be 3.0% using a Brix meter.

[0052] The extraction was carried out at a water extraction temperature of 75°C, a solid-liquid ratio of 1:9 (10:90), a rotary evaporator speed of 70 rpm, and a t extraction time of 20 min. The soluble component content k1 of the extract filtrate at room temperature was determined to be 2.6% using a Brix meter.

[0053] A curve is drawn with 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 as the horizontal coordinates and 4.9%, 3.6%, 3.2%, 3.0%, and 2.6% as the vertical coordinates. The horizontal coordinate 7 corresponding to the critical point where the curve begins to flatten out (i.e., the dynamic equilibrium point of the extraction) is found. Then 1:7 is the optimal material-liquid ratio for the spice extraction.

[0054] (2) The method for determining the optimal time for the initial water extraction of Pueraria root is:

[0055] According to the best material-liquid ratio of 1:7 (10:70) and the extraction temperature at 75℃, the soluble component content k in the spice was tested every 5 minutes (using a Brix meter). j%; among them, the soluble component contents were 3.19% and 3.20% when extracted for 20min and 25min respectively, (3.20%-3.19%) / 3.19%=0.03%≤0.5%, so the first extraction time was selected as 20min; similarly, the second extraction time was 7min, and the second extraction time was 1 / 3 of the first extraction time.

[0056] (3) The method for determining the optimal amount of water added for the second water extraction of Pueraria lobata is:

[0057] First extraction: Extraction temperature of Pueraria root was 75℃, material-water ratio was 1∶7 (10∶70), and after the first extraction for 20min, the filtrate was filtered and the mass of the filtrate was weighed. 滤液1 =49.9g, filter residue mass m 滤渣1 =30.1g;

[0058] After settling for 1 hour, the filtrate was divided into a supernatant and a turbid liquid. The relevant data were measured and calculated as follows:

[0059] m 上清液 =41g,ρ 上清液 =1.0154g / ml, k 上清液可 %=3.6%,m 上清液可 =m 上清液 ×k 上清液可 %

[0060] =41×3.5%=1.44g,m 上清液水 =39.56g (v 上清液水 =39.56ml), v 上清液 =40.38ml, so v 上清液可 =0.82ml;

[0061] m 下浊液 =19.8g,ρ 下浊液 =1.0476g / ml, k 下浊液可 % = 4.7%, the water content in the lower turbid liquid m 下浊液水 % = 88.09%; Therefore, the mass of solid matter in the turbid liquid is m 下浊液固 =m 下浊液 ×[100%-(k 下浊液可 %+m 下浊液水 %)] = 8.9 × 7.21% = 0.64 g, the mass of the soluble component in the turbid liquid m 下浊液可 =m 下浊液 ×k 下浊液可 % = 8.9 × 4.7% = 0.42 g; v 下浊液 =8.50ml, v 下浊液水 =7.84ml, v 下浊液可 =0.24ml, so v下浊液固 =0.42ml; the mass of the soluble component in the filtrate is m 渣液可 =0.82g;

[0062] Therefore, the mass of the dissolved substance in the first extraction is m 滤液溶出物质 =[m 上清液可 +(m 下浊液可+ m 下浊液固 )]+m 渣液可 =1.44+0.64+0.42+0.82=3.32g; water mass in the filtrate liquid m 渣液水 =70-(39.57+7.84)=22.59g, mass of soluble components in the filtrate liquid m 渣液可 =0.82g, solid mass in the filtrate liquid m 渣液固 =10-(1.44+0.64+1.42+0.82)=6.68g;

[0063] Therefore, the amount of water added for the second time is: m 二次加水 =m 渣液固 ×7+m 料渣吸水 -v 空 ×ρ 水 =46.76+22.59-1.69=67.66g.

[0064] (4) The method for determining the optimal number of times for extracting Pueraria root with water is to take the second extraction as an example.

[0065] The soluble component content of the second extraction is 0.01 g, and the second extraction rate η2% = (0.01 / 10) × 100% = 0.1%; and η1% = (1.44 + 0.42 + 0.82) / 10 × 100% = 26.8%;

[0066] η2% / (η1%+η2%)=0.1% / (26.8%+0.1%)=0.03%<0.5%, so no second extraction is required.

[0067] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for determining optimal extraction parameters of spices, characterized in that: The solvent used for spice extraction is water, the spice raw materials are in the form of particles, blocks or flakes that can pass through a 10 mm diameter sieve, and the spice extraction temperature is not higher than the boiling point of water; the spice extraction parameters include the material-liquid ratio, time and number of extractions.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The steps for determining the optimal material-liquid ratio for spice extraction are as follows: (1) Determine the lower limit of the material-liquid ratio 1 (g): K (ml); (2) When the solid-liquid ratio is 1:K and the extraction is carried out at a certain temperature, the soluble component content k1 in the solution is measured after a period of time t; when the solid-liquid ratio is 1:(K+n) and the extraction is carried out at a certain temperature, the soluble component content k2 in the solution is measured after a period of time t; when the solid-liquid ratio is 1:(K+2n) and the extraction is carried out at a certain temperature, the soluble component content k3 in the solution is measured after a period of time t; ...; when the solid-liquid ratio is 1:(K+1n) and the extraction is carried out at a certain temperature, the soluble component content k in the solution is measured after a period of time t i ; Wherein, i is 1, 2, 3 or 4; n is the interval width of the extraction solvent increment, which is a positive integer not less than 5; t is not greater than 30min; (3) Let K, K+n, K+2n, ..., K+in be the horizontal coordinates, and k1, k2, k3, ..., k n Draw a curve for the vertical coordinate, find the horizontal coordinate K+xn corresponding to the point where the curve begins to flatten out, and then 1:(K+xn) is the optimal material-liquid ratio for the spice extraction.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The volume of solvent K at the lower limit of the material-liquid ratio is the tapped volume v of 1g of the spice raw material particles. 振实 1.2-1.5 times the volume of the spice raw material water absorption v 吸水 The sum of K(ml)=v 振实 ×(1.2~1.5)+v 吸水 .

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The volume v of the water absorption of the spice raw material particles 吸水 The determination method is as follows: add excess water to a certain mass of raw materials for soaking, and then determine the soluble component content k%; when k% remains unchanged, filter to obtain the filtrate; weigh and calculate the mass of water in the filter residue m 渣水 , which is v 吸水 ; The calculation formula is: m 渣水 =m 水 -m 滤液 ×(1-k%), where m 水 is the mass of water added, m 滤液 is the mass of the filtrate.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that Optimal extraction time of spices 最佳 The determination steps are: extract at the optimal material-liquid ratio of 1: (K+xn) at a certain temperature, and detect the soluble component content k every 5-15 minutes. j %; when (k j+1 %-k j %) / k j The moment when % < 0.5% is determined as the optimal extraction time of the spice t 最佳 ;k j % is the soluble component content obtained by the jth measurement.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The steps for determining the optimal number of times of extracting spices are as follows: determining the optimal amount of water added for the second extraction; 最佳 After the second extraction, the second spice extraction rate η2% is measured and calculated. If η2% / (η1%+η2%) ≥ 0.5%, a second extraction is performed, and similarly, a third extraction is performed, ..., wherein η1% is the first spice extraction rate.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The first fragrance extraction rate η1% is the mass m of the soluble component obtained by the first extraction 可1 The mass of the original spice raw materials m 原料 The second spice extraction rate η2% is the mass m of the soluble component obtained by the second extraction 可2 The mass of the original spice raw materials m 原料 Similarly, the third spice extraction rate η3% is obtained,… 8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The method for determining the optimal amount of water added for the second extraction is as follows: (1) The mass of the dry residue of the spice raw material after the first extraction is m 干滤渣1 The first water addition amount M is obtained by adding water according to the optimal material-liquid ratio of the first spice extraction. 水1 (2) Volume increment of the filter residue after water absorption after the first extraction △v 滤渣水 (ml) converted to mass increment △m 滤渣水 (g)=△v 滤渣水 ×1;△m 滤渣水 (g) is the second water addition amount M 水2 ;(3)M 水1 +M 水2 This is the optimal amount of water to be added for the second extraction.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The mass m of the dry residue of the spice raw material after the first extraction 干滤渣1 It is obtained by calculation, and the calculation formula is as follows: 干滤渣1 =m 原料 -(m 滤液1 ×k1%+m 渣可1 ); where m 原料 is the mass of the original spice raw material, m 滤液1 is the mass of the filtrate after the first extraction, k1% is the content of soluble components in the filtrate after the first extraction, m 渣可1 is the mass of soluble components in the filter residue after the first extraction; m 渣可1 Calculated by the following formula: m 渣可1 / (m 渣水1 +m 渣可1 )×100%=k1%,m 渣水1 is the water content in the filter residue of the spice raw material after the first extraction, which is measured by m 渣水1 =m 水1 -m 滤液1 ×(1-k1%), where m 水1 is the mass of water added during the first extraction.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The volume increment of the filter residue after absorbing water after the first extraction △v 滤渣水 (ml) The calculation method is as follows: △v 滤渣水 (ml)=v 滤渣水1 –v 空位 ; Among them, v 滤渣水1 is the volume of water in the filter residue after the first extraction, v 滤渣水1 =m 渣水1 / 1;v 空位 v is the vacancy volume generated after the soluble components of the spice raw materials are extracted for the first time, 空位 =v 滤液空位 +v 滤渣空位 ; Among them, v 滤液空位 is the volume of soluble components in the filtrate, v 滤液空位 =m 滤液1 / ρ–m 液水1 / 1, ρ is the density of the filtrate, m 液水1 is the mass of water in the filtrate; v 滤渣空位 is the volume of soluble components in the filter residue, v 滤渣空位 =(m 渣水1 +m 渣可1 ) / (ρ–m 渣水1 / 1).