Three-in-one efficient solidago canadensis prevention and treatment method with seasonal pertinence

Abstract

The invention provides a three-in-one efficient solidago canadensis prevention and treatment method with seasonal pertinence, which comprises the following steps: firstly, cutting an overground part in a full-bloom stage or before autumn, and spraying glyphosate in spring to prevent residual seeds in a soil seed bank from germinating; then, in winter, benomyl is applied to break interaction of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and solidago canadensis, and after overground branches germinate in spring, a glyphosate solution is sprayed to leaves; and finally, after the overground part is withered, removing residual vigorous subterranean stems to prevent recurrence in the next year. According to the method, invasion weed prevention and control are carried out by trinity comprehensive utilization of physical, chemical and biological prevention and control methods and combination of growth characteristics of plants and microorganisms in different seasons from seed diffusion of solidago canadensis, overground plants and interaction relation between subterraneous stems and soil microorganisms, the prevention and control effect is excellent, the cost and labor force can be reduced, and the method is suitable for large-scale popularization and application. The prevention and treatment effect is long-term and relapse is difficult.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of foreign organism control, and in particular relates to a method for controlling the malignant foreign invasive weed Solidago canadensis. Background Art

[0002] Canada goldenrod (Solidago canadensis L.) was introduced to southern my country in the last century. Due to its robust reproductive capacity and adaptability to its environment, it has now spread from southern China to central my country and Yunnan and Guizhou provinces. It is a highly harmful and malignant invasive weed in my country. In recent years, physical and chemical control measures have been primarily used to control it, but these efforts remain ineffective and prone to recurrence.

[0003] There are two main ways to reproduce Canada goldenrod: one is seed propagation. Canada goldenrod bears huge amounts of seeds in its panicles during the autumn and winter fruiting period. These seeds are blown away by the wind and can spread far away. Another way of reproduction is to use rhizomes for asexual cloning. Canada goldenrod plants often have strong rhizomes. After the above-ground branches wither in winter, the tillers of their rhizomes germinate and produce new plants in the spring of the following year. Because it produces a large number of seeds and strong rhizomes, and Canada goldenrod has strong drug resistance, it will still quickly grow new side branches after herbicide spraying (attached Figure 1 Therefore, the effect of physical or chemical methods alone is not ideal. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a seasonally targeted, three-in-one, highly efficient method for controlling Canada goldenrod, which fully considers aspects such as its sexual reproduction, asexual reproduction, and interaction with microorganisms, and efficiently and specifically kills Canada goldenrod. The control effect is long-lasting, and benomyl is used to break the interaction between plants and microorganisms, thereby reducing the plant's drug resistance, thereby greatly improving the efficacy of the herbicide and reducing its usage, thereby achieving the effect of reducing costs while doubling the effect.

[0005] In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A seasonally targeted, three-in-one, highly effective method for controlling Canada goldenrod is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0007] (1) During the peak flowering period in autumn, the above-ground parts of Canada goldenrod were physically mowed to reduce the spread of seeds from the source, and herbicide solution was sprayed to prevent the germination of seeds in the seed bank;

[0008] (2) In winter, after the aboveground parts of Canada thistle wither, benomyl is applied to break the infection of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on Canada thistle, thereby eliminating the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on improving the herbicide resistance of Canada thistle;

[0009] (3) After the above-ground branches germinate in spring, spray the leaves with glyphosate and irrigate the roots with a glyphosate aqueous solution;

[0010] (4) Finally, after the above-ground part withers, remove the remaining viable underground stems to prevent recurrence next year.

[0011] In step (1), the spraying herbicide solution is a 0.5-1.5 mg / L herbicide solution prepared by mixing a glyphosate ammonium salt solution having a mass concentration of 41% with water, and the spraying amount is 200 mL per square meter.

[0012] Furthermore, in step (2), when applying benomyl, the concentration of the benomyl solution sprayed is 1-2 g / L, and the spraying dosage is 200-300 mL / m 2 .

[0013] Furthermore, the benomyl solution is sprayed once a week for three consecutive times.

[0014] Furthermore, in step (3), the glyphosate solution sprayed on the leaves is a herbicide solution with a concentration of 0.5-1 mg / L prepared from soluble granules of glyphosate ammonium salt, and the spraying dose is 150 mL / m 2 .

[0015] Furthermore, in step (3), the concentration of the glyphosate aqueous solution for root irrigation is a 0.5-1 mg / L herbicide solution prepared from glyphosate ammonium salt soluble particles, and the dosage is 150 mL / m 2 ;

[0016] Furthermore, the cycle of root irrigation with the glyphosate aqueous solution is once a week, for a total of 4 times.

[0017] The seasonally targeted, three-in-one, highly effective control method for Canada thistle, described in the present invention, requires implementing a series of different control methods at different times of the year. Autumn is the peak flowering period for Canada thistle, and mowing the aboveground parts during this period can greatly reduce seed dispersal. Winter is the season when the aboveground parts of Canada thistle wither and microbial activity is relatively slow. At this time, benomyl is used to kill the hyphae and spores of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the soil, as well as the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the plant roots, which is most effective. Secondly, in the spring of the following year, when the branches of Canada thistle have just sprouted and their herbicide resistance is the weakest, spraying them with glyphosate herbicide and irrigating their roots is the most effective in disinfecting them. Furthermore, digging up the roots after the aboveground parts and most of the underground stems have died also greatly reduces the workload. Therefore, the four periods are progressive, doubling the control effect and making the control effect more lasting.

[0018] On the one hand, the present invention takes into account the characteristics of seed dispersal. During the peak flowering period in autumn, the above-ground parts of the Canada thistle are physically mowed to reduce seed dispersal at the source. Furthermore, before the arrival of spring, to prevent the germination of seeds from the seed bank left in the soil from previous years, glyphosate is sprayed over a large area in the control area to suppress the germination rate of seeds in the seed bank in the following spring. On the one hand, considering that the growth of the underground stems of Canada thistle is a key cause of its recurrence, based on the interaction between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the soil and Canada thistle, benomyl is applied to eliminate or reduce the activity of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, thereby reducing the infection of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the Canada thistle root tubers, reducing the resistance of the Canada thistle plants, especially their underground stems, to herbicides, improving the efficacy of the herbicide, and significantly reducing the cost of the herbicide, thereby achieving efficient weed control.

[0019] The present invention comprehensively utilizes physical, chemical, and biological control methods, focusing on the seed spread and aboveground plant growth of Canada goldenrod, as well as the interaction between its underground stems and soil microorganisms. Combined with the seasonal growth characteristics of plants and microorganisms, this method provides multi-dimensional and comprehensive targeted control. This method not only controls the aboveground parts (seeds and aboveground plants), but also targets the underground stems, using a "three-pronged approach" of microbial, chemical, and physical methods to jointly control the aboveground and underground parts of the weed, thereby preventing its recurrence. This method is highly seasonally targeted, highly effective, and has a long-lasting control effect.

[0020] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] (1) Unlike previous weed control methods that only use a single control method, the present invention comprehensively considers the sexual reproduction of weeds, the asexual reproduction of underground stems, and the interaction between plants and microorganisms, combines the advantages of various control methods, and carries out the "three-in-one" control together to achieve the advantages of high efficiency and no recurrence.

[0022] (2) The present invention adopts different methods to carry out seasonal prevention and control on different organs of Canada goldenrod according to the growth characteristics of plants and microorganisms in different seasons, thereby achieving the advantages of high efficiency, reduced cost and workload, etc.

[0023] (3) The present invention breaks the symbiotic interaction between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Canada goldenrod, thereby greatly reducing the resistance of Canada goldenrod to herbicides, thereby improving the efficacy of herbicides and reducing the cost of herbicides.

[0024] (4) The germination of underground stems is the main reason for the recurrence of Canada goldenrod in the control area. The present invention first reduces its drug resistance by using benomyl, then kills the underground stems by spraying glyphosate and irrigating the roots, and finally removes the few active underground stems that may remain, completely eliminating the underground stems, thereby achieving the advantage of ensuring long-term non-recurrence. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 These are new branches that grow back after Canada goldenrod is treated with traditional herbicides.

[0026] Figure 2 The leaf loss rate of Solidago canadensis after spraying with herbicide without adding arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (-AMF) and with adding arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (+AMF).

[0027] Figure 3 The number of new branches of Canada thistle after spraying herbicide without adding arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (-AMF) and with adding arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (+AMF).

[0028] Figure 4 is the mycorrhizal infection rate of Solidago canadensis after three applications of benomyl. Specific implementation methods

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further introduced below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0030] Example 1:

[0031] A three-pronged, seasonally targeted, and highly effective method for controlling Canada goldenrod includes the following steps:

[0032] (1) First, in autumn, when the Canada thistle plants are in full bloom, the aboveground parts of the Canada thistle plants are physically cut and a large area is sprayed with glyphosate. The spray concentration is 0.5 mg / L of a herbicide solution prepared with a mass concentration of 41% glyphosate ammonium salt solution, and the spraying dose is 200 mL / m 2 . Spray once a week, 2 times in total.

[0033] (2) Secondly, wait until all the aboveground parts of Canada goldenrod wither in winter, and apply benomyl at a concentration of 1g / L and a spraying dose of 200mL / m 2 ; Apply once a month, for 2 consecutive times.

[0034] (3) After the branches sprout in spring, spray the leaves with glyphosate at a concentration of 0.5 mg / L of herbicide solution prepared with glyphosate ammonium soluble granules at a spraying dose of 150 mL / m 2 The roots were irrigated with a glyphosate aqueous solution at a concentration of 0.5 mg / L of glyphosate ammonium soluble granules at a dosage of 150 mL / m 2 . Once a week, 2 times in total.

[0035] (4) Finally, after the above-ground parts and most of the underground stems have withered, the few remaining underground stems are manually removed.

[0036] Specifically, the interaction between arbuscular rhizomycetes and the rhizomes of Solidago canadensis is as follows: Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown in the figure, compared with the Canada thistle that was not infected with arbuscular rhizogenes, the leaf damage rate of Canada thistle that was infected with arbuscular rhizogenes was greatly reduced and the number of new branches was greatly increased after applying the same dose of glyphosate herbicide, indicating that arbuscular rhizogenes can significantly improve the herbicide resistance of Canada thistle.

[0037] In this embodiment, during the winter period when the activity of arbuscular rhizomycetes is lowest, benomyl is applied to eliminate or reduce the activity of arbuscular rhizomycetes, thereby destroying the interaction between arbuscular rhizomycetes and Canada thistle, reducing the resistance of Canada thistle to herbicides, greatly improving the efficacy of the herbicide, and reducing the amount of herbicide used.

[0038] Experimental verification shows that according to the method in this embodiment, the control rate of Canada goldenrod in the first year is 60%, and the recurrence rate of branches in the spring of the second year is 30%, which can effectively prevent and control Canada goldenrod.

[0039] Example 2:

[0040] A three-pronged, seasonally targeted, and highly effective method for controlling Canada goldenrod includes the following steps:

[0041] (1) First, in autumn, when the Canada thistle plants are in full bloom, the aboveground parts of the Canada thistle plants were physically cut and a large area was sprayed with glyphosate. The spray concentration was 1 mg / L of a herbicide solution prepared with a mass concentration of 41% glyphosate ammonium salt, and the spraying dose was 200 mL / m 2 ; Once a week, spray 3 times in total.

[0042] (2) After all the aboveground parts of Canada goldenrod withered in winter, apply benomyl at a concentration of 1.5 g / L and a spraying dose of 250 mL / m 2 ; Apply once every half month, for 3 consecutive times.

[0043] (3) After the branches sprout in spring, spray the leaves with glyphosate at a concentration of 0.8 mg / L of herbicide solution prepared with glyphosate ammonium soluble granules at a spraying dose of 150 mL / m 2 The roots were irrigated with a glyphosate aqueous solution at a concentration of 0.8 mg / L of glyphosate ammonium soluble granules at a dosage of 150 mL / m 2 ; Once a week, 3 times in total.

[0044] (4) Finally, after the above-ground parts and most of the underground stems have withered, the few remaining underground stems are manually removed.

[0045] Experimental verification shows that according to the method of this embodiment, the control rate of Canada goldenrod in the first year is 80%, and the recurrence rate of branches in the spring of the second year is 20%.

[0046] Example 3:

[0047] A three-pronged, seasonally targeted, and highly effective method for controlling Canada goldenrod includes the following steps:

[0048] (1) First, in autumn, when the Canada thistle plants are in full bloom, the aboveground parts of the Canada thistle plants are physically cut and a large area is sprayed with glyphosate. The spray concentration is 1.5 mg / L of a herbicide solution prepared with a mass concentration of 41% glyphosate ammonium salt solution, and the spraying dose is 200 mL / m 2 . Spray once a week, for a total of 3 times.

[0049] (2) Secondly, wait until all the aboveground parts of Canada goldenrod wither in winter, apply benomyl, the benzene concentration is 2g / L, and the spraying dose is 300mL / m 2 . Apply once a week for 3 consecutive times. Figure 4 Figure 2 shows the infection rate of arbuscular rhizobacteria in two groups of Solidago canadensis plants: one group treated with benomyl and one group not treated with benomyl (labeled "CK" in the figure). This study demonstrates that benomyl significantly reduces the infection rate of arbuscular rhizobacteria in Solidago canadensis plants.

[0050] (3) After the branches sprout in spring, spray the leaves with glyphosate at a concentration of 1 mg / L herbicide solution prepared from glyphosate ammonium soluble granules at a spraying dose of 150 mL / m 2 The roots were irrigated with a glyphosate aqueous solution at a concentration of 1 mg / L of glyphosate ammonium soluble granules at a dosage of 150 mL / m2 . Once a week, 4 times in total.

[0051] (4) Finally, after the above-ground parts and most of the underground stems have withered, the few remaining underground stems are manually removed.

[0052] Experimental verification shows that according to the method of this embodiment, the control rate of Canada goldenrod in the first year is 95%, and the recurrence rate of branches in the spring of the second year is less than 5%.

[0053] The embodiments described are preferred implementations of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above implementations. Any obvious improvements, substitutions or modifications that can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the essence of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A seasonally targeted, three-in-one, highly effective method for controlling Canada goldenrod, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Physically cut the above-ground parts of Canada goldenrod before or during the peak flowering period in autumn to reduce the spread of seeds at the source; and spray herbicide solution before spring to prevent seeds in the soil seed bank from germinating; (2) In winter, after the aboveground parts of Canada thistle wither, benomyl is applied to break the infection of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on Canada thistle, thereby eliminating the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on improving the herbicide resistance of Canada thistle; (3) After the above-ground branches germinate in the spring of the following year, spray the leaves with glyphosate and irrigate the roots with a glyphosate aqueous solution; (4) Finally, after the above-ground part withers, remove the remaining viable underground stems to prevent recurrence next year.

2. The method for preventing and controlling Canada thistle according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the herbicide solution sprayed is a 0.5-1.5 mg / L herbicide solution prepared by mixing a 41% mass concentration of glyphosate ammonium salt solution with water, and the spraying amount is 200 mL per square meter; the spraying is performed once a week, for a total of 2-3 times.

3. The method for preventing and controlling Canada thistle according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), when applying benomyl, the concentration of the benomyl solution sprayed is 1-2 g / L, and the spraying dosage is 200-300 mL / m 2 .

4. The method for preventing and controlling Canada thistle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spraying cycle of the benomyl solution is once a week, and it is applied 2-3 times in a row.

5. The method for preventing and controlling Canada thistle as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), the glyphosate solution sprayed on the leaves is a herbicide solution with a concentration of 0.5-1 mg / L prepared from soluble granules of glyphosate ammonium salt, and the spraying dose is 150 mL / m 2 .

6. The method for preventing and controlling Canada thistle as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: In step (3), the concentration of the glyphosate aqueous solution for root irrigation is a 0.5-1 mg / L herbicide solution prepared from glyphosate ammonium salt soluble particles, and the dosage is 150 mL / m 2 .

7. The method for controlling Solidago canadensis according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cycle of root irrigation with glyphosate aqueous solution is once a week, for a total of 2-4 times.

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