Reverse excitation inner ball type deflector and its use method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of petroleum equipment, and specifically discloses a reverse-activated inner-ball type deflector and a method for using the same. The present invention effectively avoids the risk of drill sticking caused by dropping the ball from the ground several thousand meters down the well by carrying the inner-ball down the well, and eliminates the tedious steps of lowering and lifting the gyroscope, thereby improving the operating efficiency. In addition, different pressure-holding spaces are formed by different cooperation between the bidirectional sealing valve seat, the inner-ball and the valve core, thereby coordinating the positive and reverse circulation of the mud and ensuring that the tool is stable and reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum equipment, in particular to a reverse-excited inner-ball type deflector and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] When the casing in the downhole oil layer is severely damaged or the oil layer collapses and is buried by sand, and the oil well can no longer produce, in order to utilize the upper casing to reduce the cost of re-drilling, "window" side drilling can be performed in the casing above the oil layer to form a new wellbore for oil production. Casing inside side drilling is an important means of re-drilling an inclined well with a severely damaged lower casing to utilize the upper casing and restore the production capacity of the well.

[0003] The tool used in sidetracking is a whipstock, also known as a whipstock or a whipstock. The following problems have been found in the use of traditional whipstocks during construction:

[0004] 1. During traditional whipstock construction, a wired gyroscope must be pulled down several thousand meters underground by a steel cable through a ground winch to the required window location. After the window location is determined, the wired gyroscope must be pulled out by the steel cable, wasting a lot of operation time and costs.

[0005] 2. After the wired gyroscope is pulled out, the ball-dropping channel must be cleared before the sealing ball can be dropped from the wellhead drill string. It has to pass through the drill string for several thousand meters before falling into the sealing seat. Due to factors such as deformation of the drill string and impurities in the mud, it is very likely to get stuck in the middle of the process and fail to seal.

[0006] 3. The mechanism that controls the ball seat seal by mud displacement is easily triggered by mistake due to the influence of many factors such as mud displacement control, mud density, personnel operation skills, on-site equipment conditions, mud quality, etc., causing drilling accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to address the defects of the existing technology and provide a reverse-activated internal ball-type deflector and a method of use. The construction efficiency is higher by carrying the internal ball down the well, and the risk of drill sticking is effectively avoided. Different pressure-holding spaces are formed through the different coordination of the two-way sealing valve seat, the internal ball and the valve core, thereby matching the positive and reverse circulation of the mud to ensure that the tool is stable and reliable.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention is: a reverse-excited inner-ball type deflector, comprising a deflector body and an anchoring string connected to the bottom of the deflector body, wherein the bottom of the anchoring string is connected to a conversion string;

[0009] The conversion column includes a conversion shell, a protective cap is provided at the bottom of the conversion shell, an excitation cover is provided in the cavity of the conversion shell, a piston-type elastic ball holder is provided below the excitation cover, the piston-type elastic ball holder includes an upper elastic claw-type ball holder portion and a lower piston portion, a waist-shaped structure is provided in the middle of the elastic claw-type ball holder portion, and an inner pitched ball is supported by the waist-shaped structure, and a tapered tube structure is provided at the bottom of the excitation cover for propping up the top opening of the elastic claw-type ball holder portion;

[0010] The piston is slidably connected to the cavity of the conversion housing, and the cavity of the conversion housing is provided with an inner step for limiting the sliding position of the piston and a retaining spring for elastically supporting the piston. A bidirectional sealing valve seat is penetrated through the piston.

[0011] The bottom of the piston-type elastic ball holder is connected to a guide spring seat through a self-priming valve fixing sleeve. The guide spring seat is provided with a guide shaft sleeve coaxially arranged with the two-way sealing valve seat. A valve core is slidably connected in the guide shaft sleeve, and a sealing valve head that cooperates with the two-way sealing valve seat is provided on the top of the valve core. A reset spring that elastically supports the sealing valve head is provided on the outside of the guide shaft sleeve and the valve core.

[0012] Preferably, a guide groove is provided on the guide sleeve, and the guide groove includes a vertical groove and a spiral groove. The bottom of the spiral groove is merged into the vertical groove, and the top horizontal height of the vertical groove is higher than the top height of the spiral groove. A conversion pin is slidably connected in the guide groove, and the conversion pin is connected to the valve core.

[0013] Preferably, a retaining ring is provided below the excitation cover, and the retaining ring and the excitation cover cooperate to form a trumpet-shaped annular gap. The upper end of the elastic claw-type ball holder is adapted to the trumpet-shaped annular gap, and the top extends into the trumpet-shaped annular gap.

[0014] Preferably, the top of the retaining spring is supported on the bottom of the retaining ring, and the bottom of the retaining spring is supported on the top of the piston part.

[0015] A method for using a reverse-excited inner-ball-throwing deflector, comprising:

[0016] The method of use comprises the following steps:

[0017] First, connect the reverse excitation internal ball-type deflector and the drilling gyroscope to the working position of the drill string in the wellbore;

[0018] Next, the mud is pumped into the transition string along the channel of the whipstock body and the anchor string using a surface mud pump.

[0019] The mud entering the conversion string flows through the excitation cover, the inner ball, the piston elastic ball holder, the self-priming valve fixing sleeve, the guide spring seat, and then enters the protective cap. It flows out of the protective cap to the annulus space between the drill string and the oil well casing, then returns to the surface along the annulus space and flows into the mud pool through the manifold, establishing a positive circulation of mud.

[0020] Next, during the positive circulation of the mud, the gyroscopic instrument is used to determine the orientation of the casing window. After the gyroscopic instrument orientation is completed, the mud pump is turned off.

[0021] Next, the mud pump outlet is connected to the annulus between the drill string and the well casing through a manifold to establish mud reverse circulation;

[0022] During reverse circulation of mud, the mud flows from the drill string and casing annulus downward to the lower part of the reverse excitation ball-type deflector, and then enters the conversion string through the protective cap;

[0023] Under the action of the return spring, the sealing valve head and the valve port seal at the bottom of the two-way sealing valve seat form a check valve structure, which keeps the mud pressure below the piston. As the mud pressure increases, the guide spring seat, the self-priming valve fixing sleeve, and the piston-type elastic ball support are pushed upward together.

[0024] During the upward movement of the piston-type elastic ball holder, the cone tube structure at the bottom of the activating cover pushes the top of the elastic claw-type ball holder to expand outward, and at the same time, the inner hole of the waist-shaped structure increases, so that the inner ball passes through the waist-shaped structure and falls to the top of the two-way sealing valve seat. At this time, the inner ball cooperates with the top valve port of the two-way sealing valve seat to form a sealing pair;

[0025] Next, the mud is pumped into the transition string through the channel of the whipstock body and the anchor string by the mud pump again;

[0026] At this time, under the sealing side effect formed by the cooperation between the inner ball and the two-way sealing valve seat, the downward channel of the mud is cut off, so that a pressure-blocking state is formed in the conversion string and the anchor string. As the mud pressure increases to a pressure that can drive the anchor string to work, the operation of the anchor string will reversely stimulate the inner ball-type deflector to anchor on the inner wall of the casing.

[0027] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has the following advantages: by carrying the inner ball down the well, the present invention effectively avoids the risk of stuck drill caused by dropping the ball from the ground several kilometers, greatly improving the reliability of the operation. In addition, the use method of the tool does not need to give way to the inner ball, thus eliminating the tedious steps of lowering and pulling out the gyroscope in traditional operations, thereby improving the operation efficiency.

[0028] In addition, through the different coordination of the two-way sealing valve seat, the inner ball and the valve core, valve groups in different directions are formed, which can provide pressure-holding space at different positions, thereby cooperating with the positive and reverse circulation of the mud, thereby ensuring stable and reliable tool sealing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the conversion string structure;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the piston-type elastic ball holder and the inner pitching ball;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the guide spring seat and the valve core;

[0033] In the figure: 1. bevel guide body, 2. anchoring pipe column, 3. conversion pipe column, 4. conversion shell, 5. tapered tube structure, 6. excitation cover, 7. retaining ring, 8. inner ball, 9. retaining spring, 10. piston type elastic ball holder, 11. two-way sealing valve seat, 12. self-priming valve fixing sleeve, 13. valve core, 14. return spring, 15. guide spring seat, 16. protective cap, 17. waist-shaped structure, 18. elastic claw type ball holder part, 19. piston part, 20. sealing valve head, 21. guide shaft sleeve, 22. vertical groove, 23. spiral groove, 24. conversion pin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Example 1

[0035] like Figures 1 to 4 The reverse excitation inner ball type deflector includes a deflector body 1 and an anchoring string 2 connected to the bottom of the deflector body 1, and a conversion string 3 is connected to the bottom of the anchoring string 2.

[0036] The conversion column 3 includes a conversion housing 4 , a protective cap 16 is connected to the bottom of the conversion housing 4 , an excitation cover 6 is fixedly installed in the cavity of the conversion housing 4 , and a piston-type elastic ball holder 10 is provided below the excitation cover 6 .

[0037] The piston-type elastic ball holder 10 includes an upper elastic claw-type ball holder portion 18 and a lower piston portion 19. A waist-shaped structure 17 is provided in the middle of the elastic claw-type ball holder portion 18, and the inner ball 8 is supported by the waist-shaped structure 17. The bottom of the excitation cover 6 is provided with a conical tube structure 5 for propping up the top opening of the elastic claw-type ball holder portion 18.

[0038] The piston part 19 is slidably connected in the cavity of the conversion housing 4 , and an inner step for slidingly limiting the piston part 19 and a retaining spring 9 for elastically supporting the piston part 19 are provided in the cavity of the conversion housing 4 .

[0039] The top of the retaining spring 9 is supported on the bottom of the retaining ring 7, and the bottom of the retaining spring 9 is supported on the top of the piston part 19. The piston part 19 is provided with a two-way sealing valve seat 11 that passes through the piston part 19, and the upper and lower ends of the two-way sealing valve seat 11 are provided with connected valve ports.

[0040] The bottom of the piston-type elastic ball holder 10 is connected to a guide spring seat 15 through a self-priming valve fixing sleeve 12. A guide sleeve 21 is provided on the guide spring seat 15 and is coaxially arranged with the two-way sealing valve seat 11. The valve core 13 is slidably connected in the guide sleeve 21, and a sealing valve head 20 for cooperating with the two-way sealing valve seat 11 is provided on the top of the valve core 13. A return spring 14 that elastically supports the sealing valve head 20 is sheathed on the outside of the guide sleeve 21 and the valve core 13. Example 2

[0041] like Figures 1 to 4 This embodiment is a method for using the reverse excitation inner ball type deflector in the above embodiment, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0042] First, the reverse-excitation internal ball-type deflector and the drilling gyroscope are connected to the drill string and lowered into the working position in the well. The tool can use either a wireless or a wired drilling gyroscope.

[0043] Next, a mud pump is connected to the surface, and the mud is pumped into the conversion string 3 along the channel of the whipstock body 1 and the channel of the anchor string 2 by the mud pump.

[0044] The mud entering the conversion string 3 flows through the excitation cover 6, the inner ball 8, the piston elastic ball holder 10, the self-priming valve fixing sleeve 12, the guide spring seat 15, and then enters the protective cap 16. It flows out of the protective cap 16 to the annular space between the drill string and the oil well casing, then returns to the ground along the annular space, and then flows into the mud pool through the manifold, establishing a positive circulation of mud.

[0045] Next, during the positive circulation of the mud, the gyroscopic instrument is used for orientation to determine the orientation of the casing window. After the gyroscopic instrument orientation is completed, the mud pump is turned off.

[0046] Next, the mud pump outlet is connected to the annulus space between the drill string and the oil well casing through the manifold to establish mud reverse circulation.

[0047] During reverse circulation of mud, the mud flows downward from the drill string and casing annulus to the lower part of the reverse excitation internal ball-type deflector, and then enters the conversion string 3 through the protective cap 16.

[0048] Under the action of the return spring 14, the sealing valve head 20 and the valve port seal at the bottom of the two-way sealing valve seat 11 form a check valve structure, so that the reverse circulation mud pressure is trapped below the piston part 19. As the mud pressure increases, the guide spring seat 15, the self-priming valve fixing sleeve 12, and the piston-type elastic ball support 10 are pushed upward together.

[0049] During the upward movement of the piston-type elastic ball holder 10, the conical tube structure 5 at the bottom of the excitation cover 6 pushes the top of the elastic claw-type ball holder 18 to expand outward, and at the same time, the inner hole of the waist-shaped structure 17 increases, so that the inner ball 8 passes through the waist-shaped structure 17 and falls to the top of the two-way sealing valve seat 11. At this time, the inner ball 8 cooperates with the top valve port of the two-way sealing valve seat 11 to form a sealing pair.

[0050] Next, the mud is pumped into the switching string 3 through the channel of the whipstock body 1 and the channel of the anchor string 2 by the mud pump again.

[0051] At this time, due to the sealing effect formed by the cooperation between the inner ball 8 and the two-way sealing valve seat 11, the downward channel of the mud is cut off, so that a pressure-blocking state is formed in the conversion string 3 and the anchor string 2. As the mud pressure increases to a pressure that can drive the anchor string 2 to work, the anchor string 2 starts the anchoring work, thereby anchoring the reverse-activated inner ball-type deflector on the inner wall of the casing.

[0052] The present invention effectively avoids the risk of stuck drill caused by dropping the ball from the ground several thousand meters into the well by carrying the inner ball 8 down the well, greatly improving the reliability of the operation. In addition, the use method of the tool does not require giving way to the inner ball 8, thus eliminating the tedious steps of lowering and pulling out the gyroscope in traditional operations, thereby improving the operation efficiency.

[0053] In addition, through the different cooperation between the two-way sealing valve seat 11, the inner ball 8 and the valve core 13, valve groups in different directions are formed, which can provide pressure-holding spaces at different positions, thereby cooperating with the positive and reverse circulation of the mud, thereby ensuring that the tool is stable and reliable. Example 3

[0054] This embodiment is further optimized based on the above embodiment, specifically:

[0055] like Figure 4 A guide groove is provided on the guide sleeve 21 , and the guide groove includes a vertical groove 22 and a spiral groove 23 , and the bottom of the spiral groove 23 is incorporated into the vertical groove 22 .

[0056] The top horizontal height of the vertical groove 22 is higher than the top height of the spiral groove 23 . A conversion pin 24 is slidably connected in the guide groove, and the conversion pin 24 is connected to the valve core 13 .

[0057] When the mud flows into the self-priming valve fixing sleeve 12 in the above-mentioned step of establishing the positive circulation of the mud, the pressure of the mud will also push the valve core 13 to move downward, and the valve core 13 slides into the vertical groove along the spiral groove 23 along with the conversion pin 24;

[0058] After the mud stops being pumped in, the valve core 13 is pushed vertically upward along the vertical groove 22 by the action of the return spring 14, so that the sealing valve head 20 and the valve port at the bottom of the two-way sealing valve seat 11 are sealed to form a check valve structure.

[0059] When the tool is lowered into the well, the height difference between the vertical groove 22 and the spiral groove 23 is used to ensure that the sealing valve head 20 and the valve port at the bottom of the two-way sealing valve seat 11 always maintain a certain distance, thereby allowing the upper and lower pressures in the tool to pass through, making it easier for the tool to be lowered into the well smoothly and stably. Example 4

[0060] This embodiment is further optimized based on the above embodiment, specifically:

[0061] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 A retaining ring 7 is provided below the exciting cover 6, and the retaining ring 7 and the exciting cover 6 cooperate to form a trumpet-shaped annular space gap.

[0062] The upper end of the elastic claw-type ball holder 18 is adapted to the trumpet-shaped annular space gap, and the top extends into the trumpet-shaped annular space gap. This design limits the upper end of the elastic claw-type ball holder 18 through shape adaptation. When establishing a positive cycle, the structural stability of the elastic claw-type ball holder 18 is improved, avoiding expansion due to the influence of mud, and further improving the working reliability of the present invention.

[0063] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. The contents after the changes still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reverse-excited internal ball-throwing type whipstock, comprising a whipstock body and an anchoring string connected to the bottom of the whipstock body, characterized in that: The bottom of the anchor string is connected to a conversion string; The conversion column includes a conversion shell, a protective cap is provided at the bottom of the conversion shell, an excitation cover is provided in the cavity of the conversion shell, a piston-type elastic ball holder is provided below the excitation cover, the piston-type elastic ball holder includes an upper elastic claw-type ball holder portion and a lower piston portion, a waist-shaped structure is provided in the middle of the elastic claw-type ball holder portion, and an inner pitched ball is supported by the waist-shaped structure, and a tapered tube structure is provided at the bottom of the excitation cover for propping up the top opening of the elastic claw-type ball holder portion; The piston is slidably connected to the cavity of the conversion housing, and the cavity of the conversion housing is provided with an inner step for limiting the sliding position of the piston and a retaining spring for elastically supporting the piston. A bidirectional sealing valve seat is penetrated through the piston. The bottom of the piston-type elastic ball holder is connected to a guide spring seat through a self-priming valve fixing sleeve. The guide spring seat is provided with a guide shaft sleeve coaxially arranged with the two-way sealing valve seat. A valve core is slidably connected in the guide shaft sleeve, and a sealing valve head that cooperates with the two-way sealing valve seat is provided on the top of the valve core. A reset spring that elastically supports the sealing valve head is provided on the outside of the guide shaft sleeve and the valve core.

2. The reverse excitation inner ball type deflector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide sleeve is provided with a guide groove, which includes a vertical groove and a spiral groove. The bottom of the spiral groove is merged into the vertical groove, and the top horizontal height of the vertical groove is higher than the top height of the spiral groove. A conversion pin is slidably connected in the guide groove, and the conversion pin is connected to the valve core.

3. The reverse excitation inner ball type deflector according to claim 1, characterized in that: A retaining ring is provided below the excitation cover. The retaining ring and the excitation cover cooperate to form a trumpet-shaped annular gap. The upper end of the elastic claw-type ball holder is adapted to the trumpet-shaped annular gap, and the top extends into the trumpet-shaped annular gap.

4. The reverse excitation inner ball type deflector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the retaining spring is supported on the bottom of the retaining ring, and the bottom of the retaining spring is supported on the top of the piston part.

5. The method for using the reverse excitation inner ball type deflector is characterized by: The reverse excitation inner ball type deflector comprises the reverse excitation inner ball type deflector according to any one of claims 1 to 4; The method of use comprises the following steps: First, connect the reverse excitation internal ball-type deflector and the drilling gyroscope to the working position of the drill string in the wellbore; Next, the mud is pumped into the transition string along the channel of the whipstock body and the anchor string using a surface mud pump. The mud entering the conversion string flows through the excitation cover, the inner ball, the piston elastic ball holder, the self-priming valve fixing sleeve, the guide spring seat, and then enters the protective cap. It flows out of the protective cap to the annulus space between the drill string and the oil well casing, then returns to the surface along the annulus space and flows into the mud pool through the manifold, establishing a positive circulation of mud. Next, during the positive circulation of the mud, the gyroscopic instrument is used to determine the orientation of the casing window. After the gyroscopic instrument orientation is completed, the mud pump is turned off. Next, the mud pump outlet is connected to the annulus between the drill string and the well casing through a manifold to establish mud reverse circulation; During reverse circulation of mud, the mud flows from the drill string and casing annulus downward to the lower part of the reverse excitation ball-type deflector, and then enters the conversion string through the protective cap; Under the action of the return spring, the sealing valve head and the valve port seal at the bottom of the two-way sealing valve seat form a check valve structure, which keeps the mud pressure below the piston. As the mud pressure increases, the guide spring seat, the self-priming valve fixing sleeve, and the piston-type elastic ball support are pushed upward together. During the upward movement of the piston-type elastic ball holder, the cone tube structure at the bottom of the activating cover pushes the top of the elastic claw-type ball holder to expand outward, and at the same time, the inner hole of the waist-shaped structure increases, so that the inner ball passes through the waist-shaped structure and falls to the top of the two-way sealing valve seat. At this time, the inner ball cooperates with the top valve port of the two-way sealing valve seat to form a sealing pair; Next, the mud is pumped into the transition string through the channel of the whipstock body and the anchor string by the mud pump again; At this time, under the sealing side effect formed by the cooperation between the inner ball and the two-way sealing valve seat, the downward channel of the mud is cut off, so that a pressure-blocking state is formed in the conversion string and the anchor string. As the mud pressure increases to a pressure that can drive the anchor string to work, the operation of the anchor string will reversely stimulate the inner ball-type deflector to anchor on the inner wall of the casing.

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