Method for preparing photoelectric storage integrated device and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing a photoelectric storage integrated device and application of the photoelectric storage integrated device. The method comprises the steps that a water system energy storage battery and a perovskite solar battery are prepared on the two sides of a rigid substrate respectively; the method specifically comprises: providing a rigid substrate; respectively preparing an interdigital structure current collector, a positive electrode and a negative electrode on one side of the rigid substrate; a transparent conductive electrode layer, a hole transport layer or an electron transport layer, a perovskite layer, an electron transport layer or a hole transport layer and a conductive layer are prepared on the side, away from the interdigital structure current collector, of the rigid substrate and packaged; and preparing a quasi-solid electrolyte, connecting the perovskite solar cell with the water system energy storage cell through a solar controller, and packaging the water system energy storage cell to obtain the photoelectric storage integrated device. The area of the photoelectric storage integrated device prepared by the invention is in the square meter level (gt; 0.5 m < 2 >), and the mass / area ratio is lt; due to the integrated design, a stable power supply can be provided, and the occupied space is saved for a user.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of self-powered technology, and more particularly to a method for preparing a photoelectric storage and use integrated device and its application. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous growth of global energy demand and the increasing depletion of traditional fossil fuels, the development and utilization of renewable energy has become a hot topic in current technological research. As a clean, renewable energy source, solar energy offers broad application prospects. In recent years, perovskite solar cells have rapidly become a research focus in the photovoltaic field due to their high efficiency, low cost, and simple fabrication process. At the same time, the development of energy storage technology is also crucial. Because solar power generation is intermittent and unstable, it requires efficient energy storage systems to ensure stable output and on-demand supply of electricity.

[0003] Traditional solar cells and energy storage systems are usually split designs, that is, solar cells are responsible for generating electricity, and energy storage batteries are responsible for storing electricity. Although this split system meets the needs of energy conversion and storage to a certain extent, it has problems such as large footprint, complex system, and high energy transmission loss. For example, a silicon-based battery with an efficiency of 20% occupies an area of ​​1m 2 , with an average daily power generation of about 4kWh, plus the energy storage battery occupies a large area. In recent years, the concept of integrated photovoltaic storage devices has gradually emerged. By integrating photovoltaic power generation units and energy storage units into the same device, it can effectively reduce space occupancy, simplify system structure and improve energy utilization efficiency. However, existing integrated photovoltaic storage technologies are mostly concentrated on flexible small-area devices suitable for wearable devices or portable electronic products, while integration research on large-area, rigid substrates still faces many challenges, such as the complexity of the preparation process, the balance between device weight and efficiency, and adaptability under various lighting conditions.

[0004] Perovskite solar cells need to solve problems such as uniformity and stability in large-scale preparation. Aqueous energy storage batteries are gradually gaining attention due to their high safety and environmental friendliness. However, their integration with perovskite solar cells still needs to overcome technical difficulties such as electrode matching, interface optimization and packaging process. In addition, the existing technology lacks a method that can achieve lightweighting on a square meter scale (mass / area ratio <1kg / m 2 ) is a process for preparing rigid photovoltaic storage and use integrated devices that are adaptable to sunlight, lighting sources and indoor weak light conditions.

[0005] Therefore, developing a new preparation technology to realize large-area, lightweight, high-efficiency integrated photovoltaic storage and utilization devices has important scientific significance and practical application value. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to solve the shortcomings of the prior art in the large-area preparation, lightweight and adaptability of photovoltaic storage integrated devices to multiple lighting conditions. It provides a method for preparing a photovoltaic storage integrated device and its application. By integrating perovskite solar cells and aqueous energy storage batteries on the same rigid substrate, efficient synergy of power generation and energy storage is achieved while maintaining a large area (>0.5m 2 ), lightweight (mass / area ratio <1kg / m 2 ) and stable power output, saving space for users and having wide application potential.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A method for preparing an integrated photovoltaic storage device comprises preparing an aqueous energy storage battery and a perovskite solar cell on both sides of a rigid substrate; the method comprises the following steps:

[0009] S1. Provide a rigid substrate;

[0010] S2. preparing aqueous energy storage batteries on one side of the rigid substrate;

[0011] S3, preparing a transparent conductive electrode layer, a hole transport layer or an electron transport layer, a perovskite layer, an electron transport layer or a hole transport layer, and a conductive layer on a side of the rigid substrate away from the interdigitated electrodes and encapsulating them;

[0012] S4. Prepare a quasi-solid electrolyte, connect the perovskite solar cell and the aqueous energy storage battery using a solar controller, and package the aqueous energy storage battery to obtain the photovoltaic storage integrated device.

[0013] Optionally, the rigid substrate includes any one of glass, ceramics, polymer materials, silicon wafers, quartz and silicone-modified epoxy composite materials.

[0014] Optionally, the solar controller includes any one of a PWM (pulse width modulation), a solar controller and an MPPT (maximum power point tracking) solar controller.

[0015] Optionally, the aqueous energy storage battery pack is any one of a lithium-ion battery, a sodium-ion battery, a zinc-ion battery, a magnesium-ion battery, a potassium-ion battery, an aluminum-ion battery, a metal-air battery and a supercapacitor.

[0016] Optionally, the transparent conductive electrode layer includes ITO or a metal electrode.

[0017] Optionally, the material of the hole transport layer includes Spiro-OMeTAD, PEDOT:PSS, PTAA (polytriarylamine), NiO x , CuI and carbon materials.

[0018] Optionally, the carbon material includes graphene or carbon nanotubes.

[0019] Optionally, the material of the electron transport layer includes any one of TiO2, SnO2, ZnO, PCBM ([6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester), C60 and derivatives thereof.

[0020] Optionally, the perovskite layer includes any one of an organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite layer, an all-inorganic perovskite layer, a double cation or mixed cation perovskite layer, a lead-free perovskite layer, a two-dimensional and quasi-two-dimensional perovskite layer, and a halogen-doped or mixed halogen perovskite layer.

[0021] Optionally, the conductive layer includes a metal electrode or ITO.

[0022] Optionally, the preparation method of the transparent conductive electrode layer includes any one of magnetron sputtering, vacuum evaporation and electron beam evaporation.

[0023] Optionally, the preparation method of the hole transport layer includes any one of spin coating, blade coating, spray coating, vacuum evaporation and magnetron sputtering.

[0024] Optionally, the preparation method of the electron transport layer includes any one of spin coating, blade coating, spray coating, vacuum evaporation and magnetron sputtering.

[0025] Optionally, the preparation method of the perovskite layer includes spin coating or blade coating.

[0026] Optionally, the conductive layer is prepared by any one of magnetron sputtering, atomic layer deposition and electron beam evaporation.

[0027] Optionally, step S2 specifically includes: preparing an interdigitated structure current collector, a positive electrode, and a negative electrode on one side of the rigid substrate respectively, and then injecting a quasi-solid electrolyte and encapsulating it to obtain an aqueous energy storage battery.

[0028] Optionally, the preparation method of the interdigitated structure current collector includes: preparing the current collector on the rigid substrate using any one of magnetron sputtering, spin coating, evaporation, slit coating, scraping, and spraying methods; preparing the interdigitated structure using laser etching technology, the width of the interdigitated electrode is 50nm~10mm, and the laser etching power is 0.005W~1000W.

[0029] Optionally, the material of the current collector includes any one of copper, silver, gold, aluminum, nickel, iron, tungsten, molybdenum, platinum, titanium, tin, chromium, tantalum, graphite, indium tin oxide, carbon nanotubes, graphene, conductive carbon material, conductive metal particles, conductive metal oxide particles, titanium carbide, MXene, tungsten carbide and indium tin.

[0030] Optionally, the thickness of the current collector is 1 nm to 1 cm.

[0031] Optionally, the preparation method of the negative electrode and the positive electrode is a 3D printing method, specifically including: using a planetary vacuum centrifugal mixer to mix for 0.3h to 5h at a rotation speed of 50rpm to 5000rpm; the nozzle temperature is 10℃ to 50℃, the hot bed temperature is 20℃ to 120℃, the needle printing speed is 5mm / s to 10mm / s, and the injection pump speed is 300ml / min to 500ml / min.

[0032] Optionally, the quasi-solid electrolyte includes a hydrogel electrolyte doped with zinc ions; the concentration of the zinc ions in the quasi-solid electrolyte is 0.001 mol / L to 50 mol / L.

[0033] Optionally, in S3, the packaging of the perovskite solar cell includes any one of vacuum lamination packaging, CVD thin film packaging and double glass packaging.

[0034] Optionally, in S4, the packaging of the aqueous energy storage battery includes any one of hard shell packaging, soft package packaging, micro packaging technology, glass or ceramic packaging and heat shrink film packaging.

[0035] The present invention also discloses a photovoltaic storage integrated device prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method, comprising a rigid substrate, an aqueous energy storage battery and a perovskite solar cell; wherein the perovskite solar cell and the aqueous energy storage battery are respectively located on both sides of the rigid substrate; the area of ​​the photovoltaic storage integrated device is greater than 0.5m 2 , mass / area ratio <1kg / m 2 .

[0036] The present invention also discloses an application of a photovoltaic storage and utilization integrated device prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method in a power generation device, a storage device or a power consumption system.

[0037] Optionally, the power system includes any one of a large-scale solar power plant, building photovoltaic integration, a distributed energy storage system, an electric vehicle charging facility, a household power system and an industrial power system.

[0038] The implementation of the present invention will have the following beneficial effects:

[0039] (1) Achieved large-scale preparation at the square meter level (area>0.5m 2 ), to meet the scale requirements in practical applications.

[0040] (2) Device mass / area ratio <1kg / m 2 , maintaining a lightweight design.

[0041] (3) Through double-sided integration of the rigid substrate, full use of space is made and the system structure is simplified.

[0042] (4) Able to work stably under various lighting conditions and provide reliable power output. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0044] Figure 1 This is the JV curve of the rigid perovskite solar cell in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 2 This is the light charge and discharge curve under weak light conditions in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto in any way.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] The method for preparing the integrated photovoltaic energy storage device of this embodiment includes preparing an aqueous energy storage battery and a perovskite solar cell on both sides of a rigid substrate. The method includes the following steps:

[0049] (1) Provide rigid glass;

[0050] (2) A Ag conductive film was prepared on one side of the rigid glass by magnetron sputtering, and then the Ag conductive film was etched into an interdigital electrode structure using laser etching technology. The thickness of the interdigital electrode was 100 nm, and the laser etching power was 0.1 W. Zinc powder and sulfur were printed on the conductive current collector using 3D printing technology.

[0051] (3) On the side of the rigid substrate away from the interdigital structure current collector, an Ag metal electrode layer was prepared by evaporation technology, a SnO2 electron transport layer was deposited on the Ag metal electrode layer by magnetron sputtering, an inorganic hybrid perovskite layer was prepared on the SnO2 electron transport layer by scraping technology, and a NiO2 was prepared on the perovskite layer by magnetron sputtering technology. x Hole transport layer, using magnetron sputtering technology on NiO x The hole transport layer is prepared with an ITO layer and encapsulated with double glass;

[0052] (4) A zinc ion-doped polyacrylamide quasi-solid gel electrolyte was prepared, wherein the mass fraction of zinc ions in the quasi-solid electrolyte was 20 wt %. The aqueous energy storage battery was encapsulated using an aluminum-plastic film, and the perovskite solar cell and the aqueous energy storage battery were connected using a solar controller to obtain an integrated photovoltaic storage device.

[0053] (5) Under sunlight conditions, the square meter-level rigid photovoltaic storage integrated device is charged and the fan is powered.

[0054] The area of ​​the integrated photovoltaic storage device prepared in this embodiment is >0.5m 2 , mass / area ratio <1kg / m 2 .

[0055] The JV curve of the rigid perovskite solar cell in this embodiment is as follows Figure 1 As shown, the light charge and discharge curve under weak light conditions in the embodiment of the present invention is as follows Figure 2 shown.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the rigid substrate is ceramic.

[0058] Example 3

[0059] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the Ag current collector is replaced by a Ti current collector.

[0060] Example 4

[0061] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the positive electrode and the negative electrode are lithium iron phosphate and lithium titanate, respectively.

[0062] Example 5

[0063] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the TiO2 electron transport layer is prepared by vapor deposition.

[0064] Example 6

[0065] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the perovskite layer is replaced with a formamidinium lead iodide perovskite layer.

[0066] Example 7

[0067] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the hole pure transport layer is changed to PTAA.

[0068] Example 8

[0069] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that ITO is prepared by evaporation method.

[0070] The effects achieved in Examples 2 to 8 are the same as those achieved in Example 1.

[0071] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present invention. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent for this invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an integrated device for photoelectric storage and use, characterized in that: This involves preparing aqueous energy storage batteries and perovskite solar cells on both sides of a rigid substrate; The method comprises the following steps: S1. Provide a rigid substrate; S2. preparing the aqueous energy storage battery on one side of the rigid substrate; S3, preparing a transparent conductive electrode layer, a hole transport layer or an electron transport layer, a perovskite layer, an electron transport layer or a hole transport layer, and a conductive layer on a side of the rigid substrate away from the interdigitated structure current collector, and encapsulating them to obtain the perovskite solar cell; S4. Connecting the perovskite solar cell and the aqueous energy storage battery using a solar controller, encapsulating the aqueous energy storage battery, and obtaining the photovoltaic storage integrated device.

2. The method for preparing a photovoltaic storage and use integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rigid substrate includes any one of glass, ceramic, polymer material, silicon wafer, quartz and silicone modified epoxy composite material; The solar controller includes any one of PWM, solar controller and MPPT solar controller; The transparent conductive electrode layer includes ITO or a metal electrode; The materials of the hole transport layer include Spiro-OMeTAD, PEDOT:PSS, PTAA, NiO x , CuI and carbon materials; The material of the electron transport layer includes any one of TiO2, SnO2, ZnO, PCBM, C60 and their derivatives; The perovskite layer includes any one of an organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite layer, an all-inorganic perovskite layer, a double cation or mixed cation perovskite layer, a lead-free perovskite layer, a two-dimensional or quasi-two-dimensional perovskite layer, and a halogen-doped or mixed halogen perovskite layer; The conductive layer includes a metal electrode or ITO.

3. The method for preparing a photovoltaic storage and use integrated device according to claim 1, wherein: The preparation method of the transparent conductive electrode layer includes any one of magnetron sputtering, vacuum evaporation and electron beam evaporation; The preparation method of the hole transport layer includes any one of spin coating, blade coating, spray coating, vacuum evaporation and magnetron sputtering; The preparation method of the electron transport layer includes any one of spin coating, blade coating, spray coating, vacuum evaporation and magnetron sputtering; The preparation method of the perovskite layer includes spin coating or blade coating; The preparation method of the conductive layer includes any one of magnetron sputtering, atomic layer deposition and electron beam evaporation.

4. The method for preparing a photovoltaic storage and use integrated device according to claim 1, wherein: Step S2 specifically includes: preparing a finger structure current collector, a positive electrode, and a negative electrode on one side of the rigid substrate, and then injecting a quasi-solid electrolyte and encapsulating it to obtain an aqueous energy storage battery; wherein the preparation method of the finger structure current collector includes: using any one of magnetron sputtering, spin coating, evaporation, slit coating, blade coating, and spraying to prepare the current collector on the rigid substrate; using laser etching technology to prepare the finger structure, the width of the finger structure is 50nm~10mm, and the power of the laser etching is 0.005W~1000W.

5. The method for preparing a photovoltaic storage and use integrated device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The material of the current collector includes any one of copper, silver, gold, aluminum, nickel, iron, tungsten, molybdenum, platinum, titanium, tin, chromium, tantalum, graphite, indium tin oxide, carbon nanotubes, graphene, conductive carbon material, conductive metal particles, conductive metal oxide particles, titanium carbide, MXene, tungsten carbide and indium tin; The thickness of the current collector is 1 nm to 1 cm.

6. The method for preparing a photovoltaic storage and use integrated device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The preparation method of the negative electrode and the positive electrode is a 3D printing method, specifically including: using a planetary vacuum centrifugal mixer to mix for 0.3h to 5h at a rotation speed of 50rpm to 5000rpm; the nozzle temperature is 10℃ to 50℃, the hot bed temperature is 20℃ to 120℃, the needle printing speed is 5mm / s to 10mm / s, and the injection pump speed is 300ml / min to 500ml / min.

7. The method for preparing a photovoltaic storage and use integrated device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The quasi-solid electrolyte includes a hydrogel electrolyte doped with zinc ions; the concentration of the zinc ions in the quasi-solid electrolyte is 0.001 mol / L to 50 mol / L.

8. The method for preparing a photovoltaic storage and use integrated device according to claim 1, wherein: In S3, the packaging of the perovskite solar cell includes any one of vacuum lamination packaging, CVD thin film packaging and double glass packaging; In S4, the packaging of the aqueous energy storage battery includes any one of hard shell packaging, soft package packaging, micro packaging technology, glass or ceramic packaging and heat shrink film packaging.

9. An integrated photoelectric storage and use device prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: It comprises a rigid substrate, a water-based energy storage battery and a perovskite solar cell; wherein the perovskite solar cell and the water-based energy storage battery are respectively located on both sides of the rigid substrate; The area of ​​the integrated photovoltaic storage device is >0.5m 2 , mass / area ratio <1kg / m 2 .

10. Use of a photovoltaic integrated device prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in a power generation device, a storage device or a power consumption system.

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