A roadbed desalination device and method based on electroosmosis

Abstract

This invention belongs to the interdisciplinary field of geotechnical engineering and environmental engineering. To address the problem of low efficiency in currently used soil desalination methods, it provides a roadbed desalination device and method based on electroosmosis. The device includes a photovoltaic power supply system, a soil monitoring system, an intelligent control system, a ground source heat pump system, an electroosmotic desalination system, and a salt collection and discharge system. The photovoltaic power supply system converts solar energy into electricity to drive the electroosmotic desalination system to construct a DC electric field. The ground source heat pump system regulates the temperature of the foundation soil. Combined with the soil monitoring system and the intelligent control system, the dynamic power supply strategy is optimized in real time, enabling the directional migration of salt ions to the salt collection and discharge system for efficient separation and discharge. This invention solves the problems of salt heave and frost heave in saline soil roadbeds through intelligent multi-system linkage. It features high-efficiency desalination, energy saving and environmental protection, long equipment life, and adaptability to complex climatic environments, making it suitable for saline soil roadbed treatment projects in cold regions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the interdisciplinary field of geotechnical engineering and environmental engineering, and specifically relates to a roadbed desalination device and method based on electroosmosis. Background Technology

[0002] Saline soils are widely distributed in China, mostly located in cold regions. Under harsh climatic conditions, the multi-physical fields within saline soils interact, leading to a series of environmental problems such as soil salinization and desertification. During the freezing process, water and salt accumulate at the frozen surface, causing engineering defects such as salt swelling and frost heave, which seriously endanger the safety and durability of engineering structures. With the rapid development of transportation, water conservancy and other engineering projects, controlling engineering defects such as salt swelling and frost heave in saline soils has become an important issue to be addressed in order to ensure the safe use of buildings and improve regional economic benefits.

[0003] Soil is often categorized into various types based on the type and degree of salt content, and different types of saline soil often possess different material properties. Currently, the most common desalination method for saline soil is water-change soaking desalination, which involves repeatedly soaking the soil and replacing it with pure water to reduce the salt content and achieve desalination. While this method is simple to operate, it also has several problems. First, each water change requires a significant amount of time for thorough soil soaking; second, each water change uses several times the amount of pure water as the soil, wasting a large amount of water resources; and third, the wastewater after soaking, lacking filtration, easily leads to soil particle loss, affecting the accuracy of the test.

[0004] Therefore, in order to solve the problems encountered in the commonly used desalination treatments, it is urgent to develop a roadbed desalination device and method to solve engineering problems such as salt swelling of soil under harsh climatic conditions in actual engineering projects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a roadbed desalination device and method based on electroosmosis.

[0006] According to the first aspect, a roadbed desalination device based on electroosmosis includes a photovoltaic power supply system, a soil monitoring system, an intelligent control system, a ground source heat pump system, an electroosmosis desalination system, and a salt collection and discharge system;

[0007] The photovoltaic power supply system is electrically connected to the intelligent control system. The photovoltaic power supply system is used to convert solar energy into electrical energy and to provide direct current to the electroosmosis desalination system.

[0008] The soil monitoring system is communicatively connected to the intelligent control system, and the soil monitoring system is used for real-time monitoring of the roadbed soil. value, The values, moisture content, and temperature parameters are recorded and fed back to the intelligent control system.

[0009] The intelligent control system is electrically connected to the electroosmotic desalination system. The intelligent control system dynamically adjusts the power output mode of the photovoltaic power supply system based on the monitoring data of the soil monitoring system to determine the optimal voltage value of the electroosmotic desalination system. At the same time, it is linked with the ground source heat pump system to adjust the temperature of the roadbed soil.

[0010] The ground source heat pump system is connected to the intelligent control system through the heat pump host. The ground source heat pump system switches between heating and cooling modes through the heat pump host to control the buried pipe heat exchanger embedded in the target desalination area to maintain the liquid state of pore water in the roadbed soil, or to inhibit salt crystallization.

[0011] The electroosmotic desalination system is connected to the salt collection and discharge system. The electroosmotic desalination system constructs a DC electric field through symmetrically arranged anodes and cathodes, driving salt ions in the roadbed soil within the target desalination area to move directionally to the porous liquid collection pipe.

[0012] The salt collection and discharge system collects and filters the salt solution through porous collection pipes and filter geotextile, and discharges the salt solution to a designated area.

[0013] Preferably, the photovoltaic power supply system includes photovoltaic panels, a photovoltaic controller, and a battery pack;

[0014] The photovoltaic panel is electrically connected to the photovoltaic controller, the photovoltaic controller is electrically connected to the battery pack, and the battery pack is electrically connected to the intelligent control system.

[0015] The photovoltaic panels are laid out along both sides of the roadbed and convert light energy into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect. After being regulated by the photovoltaic controller, the electrical energy is stored in the battery pack.

[0016] Preferably, the soil monitoring system includes a sensor network and a soil monitoring terminal;

[0017] The sensor network collects sensing data of the roadbed soil through several sensors pre-embedded in the roadbed soil and transmits it to the soil monitoring terminal for storage. The sensing data includes... value, Values, moisture content, and temperature parameters;

[0018] The soil monitoring terminal and the intelligent control system are connected in communication.

[0019] Preferably, the intelligent control system includes an intelligent control device and an intelligent control terminal;

[0020] The intelligent control terminal dynamically controls the power output mode based on preset hierarchical thresholds and layered safety protection logic.

[0021] The intelligent control device is communicatively connected to the soil monitoring terminal, switches the power supply mode according to the received sensor data, and works in conjunction with the ground source heat pump system to regulate the temperature of the roadbed soil.

[0022] Preferably, the ground source heat pump system includes a buried pipe heat exchanger and a heat pump unit;

[0023] The buried pipe heat exchanger is pre-embedded in the underground constant heat layer, and it uses a vertical U-shaped buried pipe structure to exchange heat with the underground constant heat layer.

[0024] The heat pump host is connected to the intelligent control system. The intelligent control system determines the current state of the target desalination area based on the received sensor data and generates corresponding control commands based on the determination results. The heat pump host switches between heating mode and cooling mode according to the control commands.

[0025] Preferably, the electroosmotic desalination system includes an electroosmotic electrode, an electrode heating module, and an anti-corrosion conductive coating;

[0026] The anode and cathode of the electroosmotic electrode are symmetrically and vertically arranged on both sides of the road, and the surfaces of the anode and cathode are coated with an anti-corrosion conductive coating; the electroosmotic electrode is arranged in a multi-electrode array pattern with equal spacing to cover the target desalination area.

[0027] The electrode heating module consists of a high thermal conductivity gravel layer, a conductive ceramic-based electrothermal film, and distributed sensors, and is used for thermoelectric desalination in low-temperature environments.

[0028] Preferably, the salt collection and discharge system includes a porous liquid collection pipe and a filter geotextile.

[0029] The porous liquid collection pipes are horizontally arranged on both sides of the road, and both ends of the porous liquid collection pipes are connected to the anode or cathode of the electroosmotic electrode. The porous liquid collection pipes are corrosion-resistant pipes with uniform pores inside, used to collect and transport salt solution to the alkali drainage ditch.

[0030] The filter geotextile, made of polyester or polypropylene synthetic fibers, covers the outer surface of the porous liquid collection pipe and is used to trap soil particles while allowing salt solutions to pass through.

[0031] According to the second aspect, a roadbed desalination method based on electroosmosis, applicable to a roadbed desalination device based on electroosmosis as described in the first aspect and any preferred embodiment, includes the following steps:

[0032] S1. Start the roadbed desalination device. At this time, the photovoltaic power supply system starts to work, converting solar energy into electrical energy and storing it.

[0033] S2. The soil monitoring system collects sensor data of the subgrade soil in real time and transmits the sensor data to the intelligent control system;

[0034] S3. The intelligent control system dynamically adjusts the power output mode of the photovoltaic power supply system according to the received sensor data, determines the optimal voltage value of the electroosmotic desalination system, and supplies power to the electroosmotic desalination system. At the same time, it judges the suitable conditions for desalination of the roadbed soil according to the sensor data, generates control instructions for the ground source heat pump system, and sends the control instructions to the heat pump host in the ground source heat pump system.

[0035] S4. The ground source heat pump system activates the corresponding control mode according to the control command. When a low temperature is detected, the heating mode is activated to suppress pore water freezing; when a high temperature is detected, the cooling mode is activated to prevent salt crystallization.

[0036] S5. After being regulated by the ground source heat pump system, the electroosmotic desalination system constructs a DC electric field to drive salt ions to migrate to the electrode area;

[0037] S6. The salt collection and discharge system discharges the salt solution through porous collection pipes and filter geotextile.

[0038] Preferably, step S3 includes:

[0039] When the temperature parameter in the sensing data is not less than the preset high temperature threshold, the intelligent control device sends a current reduction control command to the photovoltaic power supply system and simultaneously controls the ground source heat pump system to a cooling state; when the temperature parameter in the sensing data is not greater than the preset low temperature threshold, the intelligent control device sends a current increase control command to the photovoltaic power supply system and starts the electrode heating function of the electroosmosis desalination system, while simultaneously controlling the ground source heat pump system to a heating state.

[0040] When the water content parameter in the sensing data does not exceed the drought critical threshold, the intelligent control device sends a current reduction control command to the photovoltaic power supply system; when the water content parameter in the sensing data is not lower than the oversaturation threshold, the intelligent control device sends a maximum current maintenance command to the photovoltaic power supply system.

[0041] When the sensing data When the value does not exceed the preset lower threshold, the target desalination area is in an excessively acidic state, and the intelligent control device sends a current reduction command to the photovoltaic power supply system; when the value in the sensing data... When the value is not lower than the preset upper limit threshold, the target desalination area is in an excessively alkaline state, and the intelligent control device sends a current enhancement command to the photovoltaic power supply system.

[0042] When the sensing data When the salt content does not exceed the minimum preset salt content threshold, a low-power monitoring mode is adopted, and a low voltage is output; when the value in the sensing data ... When the salt concentration is greater than the minimum preset salt concentration threshold but not greater than the maximum preset salt concentration threshold, the voltage and current intensity are gradually increased according to the preset salt concentration threshold range, and the salt collection and discharge system is activated to pressurize and discharge the salt solution.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0044] This invention is the first to systematically introduce electroosmosis into the field of soil desalination. By constructing a uniform DC electric field through a multi-electrode array, it drives the directional migration of salt ions in the soil to the electrode area, breaking through the passive treatment mode of traditional physical barriers or chemical modifications. It innovatively combines ground source heat pump intelligent temperature control technology to maintain the liquid state of pore water and optimize the migration conditions of the salt solution, completely solving the problem of stagnant salt migration during the freezing period of saline soils in cold regions, achieving a technological leap from "passive protection" to "active desalination."

[0045] This invention establishes a dynamic control system based on in-situ soil indices, which controls the real-time control of roadbed soil. Based on parameters such as pH value, water content, and temperature, it autonomously determines the electric field strength, operating mode, and heating or cooling status of the ground source heat pump. Simultaneously, employing graded threshold logic and an adaptive power supply strategy, it intelligently switches between continuous, intermittent, or pulsed power supply modes according to the salt migration stage, achieving a precise balance between desalination efficiency and energy consumption, completely changing the extensive mode of traditional electroosmosis that relies on manual experience for control.

[0046] This invention innovatively couples a ground source heat pump system with electroosmotic desalination technology, maintaining soil thermal stability through intelligent temperature control of the heat pump. When a low-temperature environment is detected, the heat pump actively heats to inhibit pore water freezing and reduce the viscosity of the salt solution; when the target desalination area is in a high-temperature environment, it switches to a cooling mode to prevent salt crystallization from clogging the pores, forming a synergistic effect mechanism between the temperature field and the electric field, significantly improving the reliability of desalination under extreme climates.

[0047] This invention addresses the challenge of salt enrichment and recovery by employing a unique synergistic salt removal mechanism combining porous collection pipes and a gradient filter structure. The pipes feature a biomimetic pore distribution design and are covered with high-performance filter geotextile. Through a combination of physical interception and electrostatic adsorption, they intercept micron-sized particles, solving the core problem of clogging in traditional salt removal systems and ensuring long-term operational stability.

[0048] This invention deeply integrates photovoltaic power supply and geothermal utilization technologies to construct a clean energy self-circulation system, achieving zero carbon emissions in the desalination process. The device of this invention adopts a modular design, allowing for flexible adjustment of electrode arrangement and heat pump power based on roadbed length, soil salinization level, and geological conditions. It is adaptable to various complex engineering scenarios such as cold regions and coastal areas, promoting the standardization and large-scale development of saline soil remediation.

[0049] This invention utilizes the multi-physics coupling of electroosmotic, temperature, and fluid fields to form a synergistic desalination pathway involving ion migration, heat conduction, and solution drainage. It innovatively combines soil monitoring data with desalination prediction models, providing intelligent decision support throughout the entire project lifecycle and achieving a leapfrog upgrade from single-technology application to a systemic solution.

[0050] This invention achieves a dual breakthrough in methodology and engineering practice in the field of saline soil remediation through interdisciplinary technology integration and multi-dimensional innovative design, providing revolutionary technical support for infrastructure construction in special geological environments such as cold regions and saline-alkali lands. Attached Figure Description

[0051] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0052] Figure 1 This is a system framework diagram of a roadbed desalination device based on electroosmosis.

[0053] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the on-site installation of the roadbed desalination device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic power supply system.

[0055] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the soil monitoring system structure;

[0056] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent control system structure;

[0057] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a ground source heat pump system.

[0058] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an electroosmotic desalination system.

[0059] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a salt collection and discharge system.

[0060] In the diagram: 1-Photovoltaic power supply system, 2-Soil monitoring system, 3-Intelligent control system, 4-Ground source heat pump system, 5-Electroosmotic desalination system, 6-Salt collection and discharge system, 7-Photovoltaic panel, 8-Photovoltaic controller, 9-Battery pack, 10-Soil monitoring terminal, 11-Sensor network, 12-Intelligent control terminal, 13-Intelligent control device, 14-Buried pipe heat exchanger, 15-Heat pump host, 16-Electroosmotic electrode, 1601-Anode, 1602-Cathode, 17-High thermal conductivity gravel layer, 18-Conductive ceramic-based electrothermal film, 19-Distributed sensor, 20-Anti-corrosion conductive coating, 21-Porous liquid collection pipe, 22-Filter geotextile. Detailed Implementation

[0061] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0062] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., shown in the accompanying drawings of this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed in the specification, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportional relationships, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that the present invention can produce, should fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention. It should be noted that in this specification, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity from several other entities, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities.

[0063] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this invention provides a system framework diagram of a roadbed desalination device based on electroosmosis, including a photovoltaic power supply system 1, a soil monitoring system 2, an intelligent control system 3, a ground source heat pump system 4, an electroosmosis desalination system 5, and a salt collection and discharge system 6.

[0064] The photovoltaic power supply system 1 is electrically connected to the intelligent control system 3, and is used to convert solar energy into electrical energy and provide adaptive DC power to the electroosmosis desalination system 5.

[0065] The soil monitoring system 2 is communicatively connected to the intelligent control system 3 for real-time monitoring of the roadbed soil. value, The values, moisture content, and temperature parameters are recorded and fed back to the intelligent control system 3.

[0066] The intelligent control system 3 is electrically connected to the electroosmotic desalination system 5. Based on the monitoring data of the soil monitoring system 2, it dynamically controls the power output mode of the photovoltaic power supply system 1 to determine the optimal voltage value of the electroosmotic desalination system 5. At the same time, it is linked with the ground source heat pump system 4 to adjust the temperature of the roadbed soil.

[0067] The ground source heat pump system 4 is connected to the intelligent control system 3 through the heat pump host 15. The heat pump host 15 switches between heating and cooling modes to control the buried pipe heat exchanger 14 embedded in the roadbed soil to maintain the liquid state of pore water in the roadbed soil, or to inhibit salt crystallization.

[0068] The electroosmotic desalination system 5 is connected to the salt collection and discharge system 6. A DC electric field is constructed by symmetrically arranged anodes 1601 and cathodes 1602 to drive salt ions in the roadbed soil to move directionally to the porous liquid collection pipe 21.

[0069] The salt collection and discharge system 6 collects and filters the salt solution through a porous collection pipe 21 and a filter geotextile 22, and discharges the salt solution to a designated area.

[0070] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 The diagram shows a three-dimensional representation of a roadbed desalination device. The device consists of a photovoltaic power supply system 1, a soil monitoring system 2, an intelligent control system 3, a ground source heat pump system 4, an electroosmotic desalination system 5, and a salt collection and discharge system 6. The photovoltaic power supply system 1 converts solar energy into electrical energy, providing stable power to the other systems. The soil monitoring system 2 collects real-time soil data through a distributed sensor network 11. The system monitors parameters such as temperature, moisture content, and pH. An intelligent control system 3 dynamically adjusts the electric field strength, heat pump operation mode, and power supply strategy based on the monitoring data. A ground source heat pump system 4 controls the soil temperature through underground heat exchange to maintain suitable conditions for desalination of the roadbed soil. An electroosmotic desalination system 5 drives the directional migration of salt ions. A salt collection system completes the extraction and filtration of enriched salts. All systems form a closed-loop desalination path through data interaction and energy linkage.

[0071] Optionally, the photovoltaic power supply system 1 includes a photovoltaic panel 7, a photovoltaic controller 8, and a battery pack 9; the photovoltaic panel 7 is electrically connected to the photovoltaic controller 8, the photovoltaic controller 8 is electrically connected to the battery pack 9, and the battery pack 9 is electrically connected to the intelligent control system 3; the photovoltaic panel 7 is arranged along both sides of the roadbed, converting light energy into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect, and storing it in the battery pack 9 after being controlled by the photovoltaic controller 8.

[0072] In this embodiment, as Figure 3The diagram shows the structure of photovoltaic power supply system 1, which includes photovoltaic panels 7, a photovoltaic controller 8, and a battery bank 9. The photovoltaic panels 7 are installed along both sides of the roadbed, generating electricity through the photovoltaic effect. The electricity is then optimized by the photovoltaic controller 8 and stored in the battery bank 9. The battery bank 9 prioritizes power supply to the electroosmotic desalination system 5 and the heat pump unit 15, ensuring continuous operation under extreme weather conditions. The photovoltaic controller 8 integrates charge / discharge protection and power distribution functions to maximize energy utilization efficiency.

[0073] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic controller 8 ensures efficient, safe and reliable operation of power generation, energy storage and power consumption through energy regulation, safety protection and data interaction; the battery pack 9 is an energy storage system composed of multiple batteries connected in series, parallel or mixed, and its core function is to store electrical energy in the form of chemical energy and release it as electrical energy when needed; the photovoltaic panel 7 is composed of an array of photovoltaic panels 7, which converts light energy into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect.

[0074] Optionally, the soil monitoring system 2 includes a sensor network 11 and a soil monitoring terminal 10; the sensor network 11 collects soil data from the subgrade through several sensors pre-embedded in the subgrade soil. The soil monitoring system collects data on soil temperature, pH, water content, and temperature parameters, and transmits this data to the soil monitoring terminal 10 for storage. The soil monitoring terminal 10 is connected to the intelligent control system 3 and transmits the collected sensor data to the intelligent control system 3 in real time.

[0075] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 The diagram shows the structure of a soil monitoring system 2, which includes a soil monitoring terminal 10 and a sensor network 11. The soil monitoring system 2 monitors the soil through the sensor network 11. value, The sensor data, including parameters such as temperature, moisture content, and temperature, is transmitted to the intelligent control system 3. The intelligent control system 3 then adjusts the electric field strength or operating cycle based on the sensor data to improve desalination efficiency.

[0076] In this embodiment, the soil monitoring system 2 employs a high-precision sensor network 11 to acquire multi-dimensional parameters of the roadbed soil in real time and upload them to the intelligent control system 3. The intelligent control system 3 has a built-in multi-level threshold determination model and, based on... Value concentration, The electroosmotic electric field strength and operating cycle are dynamically adjusted based on the value, temperature, and moisture content.

[0077] Optionally, the intelligent control system 3 includes an intelligent control device 13 and an intelligent control terminal 12; the intelligent control terminal 12 dynamically controls the power output mode based on preset graded thresholds and layered safety protection logic; the intelligent control device 13 is communicatively connected to the soil monitoring terminal 10, switches the power supply mode according to the received sensor data, and coordinates with the ground source heat pump system 4 to adjust the temperature of the roadbed soil.

[0078] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 The diagram shows the structure of the intelligent control system 3, which includes an intelligent control terminal 12 and an intelligent control device 13. The intelligent control system 3 analyzes the sensor data monitored by the soil monitoring system 2 and intelligently controls the power output based on the analysis results, so as to provide a stable and suitable voltage for the electroosmotic desalination system 5.

[0079] In this embodiment, the intelligent control system 3 adopts a dynamic power supply strategy, which dynamically adjusts the power supply mode according to the electroosmotic desalination process to avoid energy waste caused by continuous power supply. This intelligent power management method not only significantly improves the utilization efficiency of power resources, but also effectively extends the service life of equipment, achieves the best balance between desalination effect and energy consumption cost, and improves desalination efficiency.

[0080] In this embodiment, the design program of the intelligent control terminal 12 includes the following features: based on a multi-parameter collaborative feedback mechanism, it achieves adaptive optimization control of the electroosmotic desalination process through a hierarchical judgment strategy and dynamic logic correction. The core of the terminal design program includes multi-level threshold setting, hierarchical safety protection, and self-adjustment function of operating mode.

[0081] The intelligent control terminal 12 presets the salinity grading threshold. Preset water content threshold (drought criticality) ,suitable Supersaturation ), preset temperature threshold (low temperature safety value) High temperature warning value ), preset Threshold (lower acidity limit) Upper limit of alkalinity ), and configure graded current. And the operating mode (continuous mode, intermittent mode). Each threshold parameter can be flexibly configured according to the engineering scenario and soil characteristics, providing a benchmark for dynamic control.

[0082] The intelligent control device 13 prioritizes the execution of equipment safety and soil stability protection according to the design program of the intelligent control terminal 12:

[0083] (1) Temperature over-limit protection: When the temperature ≥ At that time, the current was forcibly reduced to The system switches to an intermittent mode with extended power outage time, while simultaneously regulating the ground source heat pump system 4 to cooling mode; when the temperature ≤ At that time, the electrode heating function is activated, and the ground source heat pump system 4 is adjusted to heating mode and maintained. The continuous operation of the current stage ensures efficient ion migration in low-temperature environments.

[0084] (2) Dynamic correction of moisture content: when moisture content ≤ When the current is reduced by one level and the duration of each energization is shortened; when the water content is ≥ At that time, keep The maximum current is increased and the energizing time is extended to enhance the synergistic effect of salt migration and drainage.

[0085] Based on real-time monitoring of salt content ( Within a certain range (value), the intelligent control device 13 automatically matches the optimal operating parameters according to the design program of the intelligent control terminal 12, and gradually increases the voltage and current intensity according to the preset salt content threshold range.

[0086] 1. At that time, adopt The current level enters low-power monitoring mode;

[0087] 2. At that time, it was raised to A high-current and a moderate-intensity electric field are applied to perform routine desalination;

[0088] 3. Switch to The electric field is increased and intermittent mode is activated to enhance the electric field to cope with high-salt loads;

[0089] 4. When enabled The maximum current and continuous operation mode are linked to the salt discharge pipeline to increase pressure and discharge, preventing secondary salt deposition.

[0090] The intelligent control device 13 ensures electrochemical stability through the following layered safety protection logic based on the design program of the intelligent control terminal 12:

[0091] (1) Adaptive regulation to acid-base environments: when When the current is reduced by a preset ratio, the electrode corrosion is slowed down; when At that time, increase the current ratio to compensate. The inhibition of electroosmosis efficiency by ions; among which for Lower threshold, when When the intelligent control system 3 determines that the target desalination area is in an excessively acidic state, it sends a corresponding control command to the photovoltaic power supply system 1. The photovoltaic power supply system 1 will reduce the current proportionally to slow down the corrosion rate of the electrode (an acidic environment can easily lead to the dissolution or oxidation of the electrode material. Reducing the current can reduce the intensity of the electrochemical reaction and extend the electrode life). for Upper limit threshold, when At this time, the intelligent control system 3 determines that the target desalination area is in an excessively alkaline state; at this time, it sends a corresponding control command to the photovoltaic power supply system 1, which will proportionally increase the current to compensate for the high concentration. The inhibitory effect of ions on electroosmosis efficiency (in an alkaline environment), It may accumulate on the electrode or membrane surface, hindering ion migration; increasing the current can enhance the electric field driving force and maintain electroosmosis efficiency.

[0092] (2) Polarization risk control: When the current is high (≥ When continuous operation exceeds the time limit or electrode voltage fluctuation exceeds the limit, the intermittent mode is forcibly switched and protective power is cut off; during the low-speed desalination stage, the electrode reverse current is triggered to clean it to break the polarization layer and maintain the activity of the interface reaction.

[0093] The intelligent control device 13 dynamically adjusts the on / off ratio according to the desalination rate based on the design program of the intelligent control terminal 12.

[0094] (1) Maintain continuous power supply during the high-speed desalination stage to maximize efficiency;

[0095] (2) The switching ratio of the medium-speed stable phase is balanced to take into account both efficiency and energy consumption;

[0096] (3) During the low-speed saturation stage, the on / off ratio with extended power outage time is used to reduce ineffective energy consumption.

[0097] Optionally, the ground source heat pump system 4 includes a buried pipe heat exchanger 14 and a heat pump host 15; the buried pipe heat exchanger 14 is pre-embedded in the underground constant heat layer, and it adopts a vertical U-shaped buried pipe structure to exchange heat with the underground constant heat layer; the heat pump host 15 is communicatively connected to the intelligent control system 3, the intelligent control system 3 determines the suitable conditions for desalination of the roadbed soil according to the received sensor data, and generates corresponding control commands, and the heat pump host 15 switches between heating mode and cooling mode according to the control commands.

[0098] In this embodiment, as Figure 6The diagram shows the structure of a ground source heat pump system 4. This system utilizes shallow geothermal resources for efficient energy conversion, providing heating and cooling to the ground. Its core working principle involves heat exchange between the antifreeze in a closed-loop pipeline and the underground constant-temperature layer. During heating, the system absorbs heat from the relatively warm underground constant-temperature layer, compresses and heats it via the heat pump unit 15, and then delivers it to the target desalination area for heating. During cooling, the system transfers heat from the ground to a cooler underground area for release, achieving temperature reduction. The entire process relies on the heat pump's evaporation-compression-condensation cycle, using a small amount of electricity to drive the refrigerant phase change and complete the energy transfer. The advantages of the ground source heat pump system 4 are that, due to the stable underground temperature year-round, it reduces energy loss caused by temperature fluctuations compared to air source heat pumps, resulting in significant energy savings and lower carbon emissions.

[0099] In this embodiment, the buried pipe heat exchanger 14 adopts a vertical single U-shaped buried pipe, which has the advantages of simple structure, controllable cost and mature technology, and can effectively balance pump consumption and heat exchange intensity. The heat pump host 15 adopts a dual-condition compressor and is linked with the intelligent control system 3 for intelligent temperature control. When the soil monitoring system 2 detects that the foundation temperature is ≤ the set low temperature threshold, the intelligent control system 3 controls the heat pump host 15 to switch to the heating mode, increases the compressor operating frequency, extracts heat from the constant heat layer soil, and transfers the heat to the foundation soil of the target desalination area through the circulating water system, maintains the pore water liquid state, reduces the viscosity of the salt solution, and provides migration conditions for electroosmotic desalination. When the foundation temperature is ≥ the set low temperature threshold, it switches to the cooling mode to discharge heat to the ground and avoid high temperature causing salt crystallization and clogging of pores.

[0100] In this embodiment, the ground source heat pump system 4 exchanges heat with the underground constant temperature layer through a vertical single U-shaped buried pipe. The vertical single U-shaped buried pipe uses high thermal conductivity materials and an optimized layout to improve heat exchange efficiency. The heat pump host 15 is equipped with a dual-mode compressor, which switches between heating and cooling modes under the control commands issued by the intelligent control system 3. When heating, heat is extracted from the deep soil and transferred to the roadbed soil through the circulating water system to maintain the liquid state of the pore water; when cooling, excess heat is discharged underground to avoid salt retention caused by high temperature.

[0101] Optionally, the electroosmotic desalination system 5 includes an electroosmotic electrode 16, an electrode heating module, and an anti-corrosion conductive coating 20; the anode 1601 and cathode 1602 of the electroosmotic electrode 16 are symmetrically and vertically arranged on both sides of the road, and the surfaces of the anode 1601 and cathode 1602 are coated with the anti-corrosion conductive coating 20; the electroosmotic electrode 16 is arranged in a multi-electrode array pattern with equal spacing, covering the target desalination area; the electrode heating module consists of a high thermal conductivity gravel layer 17, a conductive ceramic-based electrothermal film 18, and a distributed sensor 19, and is used for thermoelectric co-desalination in low-temperature environments.

[0102] In this embodiment, as Figure 7 The diagram shows the structure of the electroosmotic desalination system 5. Its working principle is to construct a stable DC electric field environment by symmetrically arranging positive and negative electrodes on both sides of the foundation, which causes salt ions in the road foundation soil to migrate in a direction under the drive of the electric field force, thereby gradually enriching the dispersed salt ions to the area around the electrodes, and finally achieving effective separation and discharge of salt through the matching salt collection and discharge system 6.

[0103] In this embodiment, the cathode 1602 and anode 1601, which are embedded in the target desalination area, are selected according to the standards of high chemical stability and strong corrosion resistance. Commonly used materials include, but are not limited to, graphite electrodes, titanium-plated ruthenium electrodes, and stainless steel electrodes.

[0104] In this embodiment, the electrode heating module consists of a high thermal conductivity gravel layer 17, a conductive ceramic-based electrothermal film 18, and a distributed sensor 19. The high thermal conductivity gravel layer 17 is filled around the electrode because it has excellent thermal conductivity and good permeability, which can accelerate the diffusion of heat into the soil and also serve as a drainage channel to remove melted ice water and prevent secondary freezing. The conductive ceramic-based electrothermal film 18 is coated on the electrode surface, and its high thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance enable uniform surface heating. The distributed sensor 19 consists of temperature sensors embedded at key positions (top, middle, and end) of the electrode to provide real-time feedback on the temperature difference in the heating area and dynamically adjust the heat distribution. The function of the electrode heating module is to activate the electrode heating function and simultaneously maintain a constant current output of the electroosmotic electric field when the soil temperature is detected to be lower than the preset low temperature threshold through the regulation of the intelligent control system 3. This suppresses water freezing and reduces the viscosity of the salt solution through thermoelectric synergy, thereby ensuring the efficiency of salt ion migration kinetics in low temperature environments.

[0105] In this embodiment, an anti-corrosion conductive coating 20 is brushed onto the surface of the electroosmotic electrode 16 to reduce the risk of corrosion from direct contact between the electrode and the soil; the electroosmotic electrode 16 is vertically buried deep into the soil layer to ensure that the electric field formed can completely cover the target desalination area; the electroosmotic electrode 16 adopts a multi-electrode array pattern with equal spacing and uniform distribution, which aims to effectively improve the desalination efficiency and enhance the spatial uniformity of the desalination process, so as to ensure that the desalination effect of the entire foundation soil reaches the optimal state.

[0106] Optionally, the salt collection and discharge system 6 includes a porous collection pipe 21 and a filter geotextile 22; the porous collection pipe 21 is horizontally arranged on both sides of the road, and both ends of the porous collection pipe 21 are connected to the anode 1601 or the cathode 1602 of the electroosmotic electrode 16. It is a corrosion-resistant pipe with uniform pores inside, used to collect and transport salt solution to the drainage ditch; the filter geotextile 22 covers the outer surface of the porous collection pipe 21 and is made of polyester or polypropylene synthetic fibers, used to trap soil particles and allow salt solution to pass through.

[0107] In this embodiment, as Figure 8 The diagram shows the structure of the salt collection and discharge system 6. The porous collection pipe 21 is a corrosion-resistant pipe specially designed according to the characteristics of saline soil. It has a uniformly distributed pore structure inside for the collection and transmission of salt. Salt in the soil is collected in the porous collection pipe 21, and the salt solution flows from the porous collection pipe 21 into the urban pipeline and is discharged into the alkali drainage ditch. The salt solution is discharged through the desalination pipeline system, which plays a role in cleaning the working environment of the electroosmotic desalination system 5 and ensuring its service life.

[0108] In this embodiment, the filter geotextile 22 is a permeable material made of synthetic fibers (such as polyester and polypropylene) and has functions such as filtration, isolation, drainage and protection. Its core function is to achieve effective separation of liquid and solid particles through permeation and interception mechanisms. The filter geotextile 22 is set on the outer surface of the porous liquid collection pipe 21, allowing water to flow through while intercepting soil, silt or other particles, preventing sludge or impurities from clogging the pores of the porous pipe and ensuring desalination efficiency.

[0109] This invention also provides a method for using the roadbed desalination device: a roadbed desalination method based on electroosmosis, comprising the following steps:

[0110] S1. Start the roadbed desalination device. At this time, the photovoltaic power supply system 1 starts to work, converting solar energy into electrical energy and storing it.

[0111] S2. Soil monitoring system 2 collects sensor data of roadbed soil in real time and transmits the sensor data to intelligent control system 3;

[0112] S3. The intelligent control system 3 dynamically controls the power output mode of the photovoltaic power supply system 1 according to the received sensor data, determines the optimal voltage value of the electroosmotic desalination system 5, and supplies power to the electroosmotic desalination system 5. At the same time, it judges the current state of the target desalination area according to the sensor data, generates control instructions for the ground source heat pump system 4 according to the judgment result, and sends the control instructions to the heat pump host 15 in the ground source heat pump system 4.

[0113] S4. The ground source heat pump system 4 starts the corresponding control mode according to the control command. When a low temperature is detected, the heating mode is started to suppress pore water freezing; when a high temperature is detected, the cooling mode is started to prevent salt crystallization.

[0114] S5. After being regulated by the ground source heat pump system 4, the electroosmotic desalination system 5 constructs a DC electric field to drive salt ions to migrate to the electrode area;

[0115] S6. The salt collection and discharge system 6 discharges the salt solution through the porous liquid collection pipe 21 and the filter geotextile 22.

[0116] This invention discloses a roadbed desalination device based on electroosmosis and its usage method. The device includes a photovoltaic power supply system 1, a soil monitoring system 2, an intelligent control system 3, a ground source heat pump system 4, an electroosmotic desalination system 5, and a salt collection and discharge system 6. In this embodiment, the photovoltaic power supply system 1 converts solar energy into electrical energy to drive the electroosmotic desalination system 5 to construct a DC electric field. The ground source heat pump system 4 regulates the temperature of the foundation soil. Combined with the real-time optimization of the dynamic power supply strategy by the soil monitoring and intelligent control system 3, salt ions are directionally migrated to porous pipes and filter cloth for efficient separation and discharge. This invention solves the problems of salt heave and frost heave in saline soil roadbeds through intelligent multi-system linkage. It features high-efficiency desalination, energy saving and environmental protection, long equipment life, and adaptability to complex climatic environments, making it suitable for saline soil roadbed treatment projects in cold regions.

[0117] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A roadbed desalination device based on electroosmosis, characterized in that, It includes a photovoltaic power supply system (1), a soil monitoring system (2), an intelligent control system (3), a ground source heat pump system (4), an electroosmotic desalination system (5), and a salt collection and discharge system (6). The photovoltaic power supply system (1) is electrically connected to the intelligent control system (3). The photovoltaic power supply system (1) is used to convert solar energy into electrical energy and provide direct current to the electroosmosis desalination system (5). The soil monitoring system (2) is communicatively connected to the intelligent control system (3), and the soil monitoring system (2) is used to monitor the subgrade soil in real time. value, The values, moisture content and temperature parameters are fed back to the intelligent control system (3). The intelligent control system (3) is electrically connected to the electroosmotic desalination system (5). The intelligent control system (3) dynamically controls the power output mode of the photovoltaic power supply system (1) based on the monitoring data of the soil monitoring system (2), determines the optimal voltage value of the electroosmotic desalination system (5), and simultaneously links with the ground source heat pump system (4) to adjust the temperature of the roadbed soil. The intelligent control system (3) includes an intelligent control device (13) and an intelligent control terminal (12). The intelligent control terminal (12) dynamically controls the power output mode based on preset hierarchical thresholds and layered safety protection logic; The intelligent control device (13) is connected to the soil monitoring terminal (10) for communication. It switches the power supply mode according to the received sensor data and adjusts the roadbed soil temperature in conjunction with the ground source heat pump system (4). The ground source heat pump system (4) is connected to the intelligent control system (3) through the heat pump host (15). The ground source heat pump system (4) switches between heating mode and cooling mode through the heat pump host (15) to control the buried pipe heat exchanger (14) embedded in the target desalination area to maintain the liquid state of pore water in the roadbed soil, or to inhibit salt crystallization. The ground source heat pump system (4) includes a buried pipe heat exchanger (14) and a heat pump unit (15). The buried pipe heat exchanger (14) is pre-buried in the underground constant heat layer and uses a vertical U-shaped buried pipe structure to exchange heat with the underground constant heat layer. The heat pump host (15) is connected to the intelligent control system (3) for communication. The intelligent control system (3) judges the current state of the target desalination area based on the received sensor data and generates corresponding control commands based on the judgment results. The heat pump host (15) switches between heating mode and cooling mode according to the control commands. The electroosmotic desalination system (5) is connected to the salt collection and discharge system (6). The electroosmotic desalination system (5) constructs a DC electric field through symmetrically arranged anodes (1601) and cathodes (1602) to drive salt ions in the roadbed soil within the target desalination area to move directionally to the porous liquid collection pipe (21). The electroosmotic desalination system (5) includes an electroosmotic electrode (16), an electrode heating module, and an anti-corrosion conductive coating (20). The anode (1601) and cathode (1602) of the electroosmotic electrode (16) are symmetrically and vertically arranged on both sides of the road, and the surfaces of the anode (1601) and cathode (1602) are coated with an anti-corrosion conductive coating (20); the electroosmotic electrode (16) is arranged in a multi-electrode array pattern with equal spacing, covering the target desalination area. The electrode heating module consists of a high thermal conductivity gravel layer (17), a conductive ceramic-based electrothermal film (18), and a distributed sensor (19), and is used for thermoelectric desalination in low-temperature environments. The salt collection and discharge system (6) collects and filters the salt solution through a porous collection pipe (21) and a filter geotextile (22), and discharges the salt solution to a designated area.

2. The roadbed desalination device based on electroosmosis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic power supply system (1) includes a photovoltaic panel (7), a photovoltaic controller (8), and a battery pack (9). The photovoltaic panel (7) is electrically connected to the photovoltaic controller (8), the photovoltaic controller (8) is electrically connected to the battery pack (9), and the battery pack (9) is electrically connected to the intelligent control system (3). The photovoltaic panels (7) are laid out along both sides of the roadbed. They convert light energy into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect and store it in the battery pack (9) after being regulated by the photovoltaic controller (8).

3. The roadbed desalination device based on electroosmosis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soil monitoring system (2) includes a sensor network (11) and a soil monitoring terminal (10). The sensor network (11) collects sensing data of the roadbed soil through several sensors pre-embedded in the roadbed soil and transmits it to the soil monitoring terminal (10) for storage. The sensing data includes... value, Values, moisture content, and temperature parameters; The soil monitoring terminal (10) and the intelligent control system (3) are connected in communication.

4. The roadbed desalination device based on electroosmosis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The salt collection and discharge system (6) includes a porous liquid collection pipe (21) and a filter geotextile (22). The porous liquid collection pipe (21) is horizontally arranged on both sides of the road, and both ends of the porous liquid collection pipe (21) are connected to the anode (1601) or the cathode (1602) of the electroosmotic electrode (16). The porous liquid collection pipe (21) is a corrosion-resistant pipe with uniform pores inside, used to collect and transport salt solution to the alkali drainage ditch. The filter geotextile (22) is wrapped around the outer surface of the porous liquid collection pipe (21). The filter geotextile (22) is made of polyester or polypropylene synthetic fibers and is used to trap soil particles and allow salt solutions to pass through.

5. A method for desalination of roadbeds based on electroosmosis, relying on a roadbed desalination device based on electroosmosis as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Start the roadbed desalination device. At this time, the photovoltaic power supply system (1) starts to work, converting solar energy into electrical energy and storing it. S2. Soil monitoring system (2) collects sensor data of roadbed soil in real time and transmits the sensor data to intelligent control system (3). S3. The intelligent control system (3) dynamically controls the power output mode of the photovoltaic power supply system (1) according to the received sensor data, determines the optimal voltage value of the electroosmotic desalination system (5), and supplies power to the electroosmotic desalination system (5). At the same time, it judges the current state of the target desalination area according to the sensor data, generates control instructions for the ground source heat pump system (4) according to the judgment result, and sends the control instructions to the heat pump host (15) in the ground source heat pump system (4). S4. The ground source heat pump system (4) starts the corresponding control mode according to the control command. When a low temperature is detected, the heating mode is started to suppress the freezing of pore water; when a high temperature is detected, the cooling mode is started to prevent salt crystallization. S5. After being regulated by the ground source heat pump system (4), the electroosmotic desalination system (5) constructs a DC electric field to drive salt ions to migrate to the electrode area; S6. The salt collection and discharge system (6) discharges the salt solution through a porous collection pipe (21) and a filter geotextile (22).

6. A method for desalination of roadbed based on electroosmosis according to claim 5, characterized in that, Step S3 includes: When the temperature parameter in the sensing data is not less than the preset high temperature threshold, the intelligent control device (13) sends a current reduction control command to the photovoltaic power supply system (1) and simultaneously controls the ground source heat pump system to a cooling state; when the temperature parameter in the sensing data is not greater than the preset low temperature threshold, the intelligent control device (13) sends a current increase control command to the photovoltaic power supply system (1) and starts the electrode heating function of the electroosmotic desalination system (5), while simultaneously controlling the ground source heat pump system (4) to a heating state; When the water content parameter in the sensing data does not exceed the drought critical threshold, the intelligent control device (13) sends a current reduction control command to the photovoltaic power supply system (1); when the water content parameter in the sensing data is not lower than the oversaturation threshold, the intelligent control device (13) sends a current maximum maintenance command to the photovoltaic power supply system (1). When the sensing data When the value does not exceed the preset lower threshold, the target desalination area is in an overly acidic state, and the intelligent control device (13) sends a current reduction command to the photovoltaic power supply system (1); when the value in the sensing data is less than the preset lower threshold, the target desalination area is in an overly acidic state, and the intelligent control device (13) sends a current reduction command to the photovoltaic power supply system (1); When the value is not lower than the preset upper limit threshold, the target desalination area is in an excessively alkaline state, and the intelligent control device (13) sends a current enhancement command to the photovoltaic power supply system (1); When the sensing data When the salt content does not exceed the minimum preset salt content threshold, a low-power monitoring mode is adopted, and a low voltage is output; when the value in the sensing data ... When the salt content is greater than the minimum preset salt content threshold but not more than the maximum preset salt content threshold, the voltage and current intensity are gradually increased according to the preset salt content threshold range, and the salt collection and discharge system (6) is linked to pressurize and discharge the salt solution.

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