Earth pressure balance type raise boring machine and construction method

Abstract

The present application relates to the vertical shaft construction technical field, disclose a soil pressure balance formula anti-well drilling machine and construction method. Soil pressure balance formula anti-well drilling machine includes: drill pipe;Anti-pull driving device;Tunneling host, including shield body, cutterhead and earth pressure balance device, cutterhead is driven connection through drill pipe and anti-pull driving device;Earth pressure balance device is suitable for controlling the speed of slag discharge, establishes the balanced earth pressure with the working face;Lining device, can carry out synchronous lining in the tunneling process of tunneling host. In the process of upward tunneling and slag discharge of tunneling host, earth pressure balance device can control the speed of slag discharge, establish the balanced earth pressure with the working face;In the tunneling process, synchronous lining can be carried out through lining device, even in soft soil layer, vertical shaft excavation is not prone to collapse;And anti-pull driving device is arranged on the ground, and the volume of tunneling host is small, and the space in the tunnel is not occupied too much, and vertical shaft excavation can be completed in narrow space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shaft construction technology, specifically to an earth pressure balance riser drilling rig and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Soft soil strata are mainly composed of cohesive soils with high natural water content, high compressibility, low bearing capacity, and a soft plastic to fluid plastic state. Common types include silt, silty soil, and peat soil. Soft soil strata are characterized by high void ratio, high water content, low permeability, low shear strength, and complex layered distribution, resulting in poor structural stability.

[0003] Shaft excavation in soft soil strata is prone to plastic deformation or localized collapse of the shaft sidewalls, requiring enhanced support design. Raised shaft drilling rigs are primarily suitable for shaft excavation in stable surrounding rock formations, but not for shaft construction in soft soil strata. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides an earth pressure balance reverse drilling rig and construction method to solve the problem that reverse drilling rigs are not suitable for vertical shaft excavation in soft soil strata.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an earth pressure balance riser drilling rig, comprising:

[0006] Drill pipe;

[0007] Reverse pull drive device, suitable for installation on the ground;

[0008] The tunneling machine includes a shield, a cutterhead, and an earth pressure balancing device. The cutterhead is connected to the reverse pull drive device via the drill rod. The tunneling machine is adapted to tunnel upwards along the pilot hole and discharge slag. The earth pressure balancing device is adapted to control the slag discharge speed and establish a balanced earth pressure with the tunnel face.

[0009] The lining device is capable of synchronous lining during the tunneling process of the tunneling machine.

[0010] Beneficial effects: The tunneling main unit of the earth pressure balance (EPB) raise boring machine includes an EPB device. During the upward tunneling and slag removal process, the EPB device can control the slag removal speed and establish balanced earth pressure with the tunnel face. During tunneling, synchronous lining can be performed through a lining device, reducing the risk of collapse even in water-rich soft soil strata. Because the raise boring machine of this invention achieves both EPB tunneling and synchronous lining support, it can also be applied to vertical shaft excavation in water-rich soft soil strata, improving the soil adaptability of the raise boring machine for vertical shaft excavation.

[0011] In one optional embodiment, the earth pressure balancing device includes:

[0012] A dual-powered clamp valve is used to adjust the size of the slag discharge channel; the dual-powered clamp valve includes a manual adjustment mechanism and a pneumatic adjustment mechanism.

[0013] Beneficial effects: The installation of dual-powered clamp valves allows for timely adjustment of the slag discharge channel size, establishing earth pressure balance with the working face, ensuring earth pressure balance, and preventing collapse accidents caused by ground subsidence or excavation face instability. This ensures the quality of the shaft, construction safety, and project progress. A pneumatic adjustment mechanism facilitates remote automatic control, while a manual adjustment mechanism allows for manual control of the slag discharge channel size in rocky strata, enabling the channel to be opened wider to prevent pressure buildup and sudden pressure release caused by large rocks failing to be discharged in time.

[0014] In one optional embodiment, the pneumatic adjustment mechanism includes:

[0015] Gas source, providing driving gas;

[0016] An elastic bladder is telescopically disposed within the slag discharge channel and connected to the air source; the elastic bladder has a first state of being inflated to close the slag discharge channel, and a second state of elastically retracting to open the slag discharge channel.

[0017] Beneficial effects: When it is necessary to close the slag discharge channel, inflate the elastic bag to expand it and close the slag discharge channel; when it is necessary to discharge slag, stop inflating, and the elastic bag will retract under its own rebound, thereby opening the slag discharge channel. The pneumatic method has a fast response speed and makes it convenient to close and open the slag discharge channel.

[0018] In one optional implementation, the manual adjustment mechanism includes:

[0019] A manual wheel is located on the outside of the slag discharge channel;

[0020] A transmission rod, the power input end of which is connected to the manual wheel drive;

[0021] The gate is connected to the power output end of the transmission rod; the two gates can move towards each other or away from each other under the drive of the transmission rod, so as to change the flow area of ​​the slag discharge channel.

[0022] Beneficial effects: The manual wheel is connected to the gate via a transmission rod. When encountering rocky strata where large rocks can't pass and cause blockages, rotating the manual wheel moves the gate away from the blockage, increasing the area of ​​the slag discharge channel. The blocked rocks are then discharged under gravity. The manual adjustment mechanism allows for easy adjustment of the slag discharge channel's flow area as needed, offering greater flexibility and avoiding the pressure buildup and sudden depressurization issues that can occur with purely pneumatic adjustment mechanisms.

[0023] In one alternative embodiment, the earth pressure balancing device includes a screw conveyor.

[0024] Beneficial effects: The screw conveyor is used to transport and discharge slag. During the process, the speed of slag discharge can be controlled by adjusting the speed of the screw conveyor, establishing earth pressure balance with the working face, and ensuring construction quality and progress.

[0025] In one optional embodiment, the earth pressure balance riser rig further includes a soil conditioning device, the soil conditioning device comprising:

[0026] A feed channel is provided axially through the drill pipe, suitable for supplying modifier;

[0027] The first improved channel is located on the back side of the cutter head and is connected to the agent supply channel;

[0028] The first improved nozzle is distributed on the surface of the cutter head and is connected to the improved channel.

[0029] Beneficial effects: The soil amendment device supplies amendment to the first amendment channel through the agent supply channel on the drill rod. The first amendment nozzle is set on the cutterhead. During the process of the cutterhead cutting the tunnel face, the amendment is sprayed out from the first amendment nozzle at the same time, directly injecting the amendment in front of the cutterhead, improving the soil amendment effect, increasing the fluidity of the soil, and facilitating earth pressure balance tunneling.

[0030] In one optional embodiment, the earth pressure balance riser drill rig further includes a mixing rod disposed at the bottom end of the drill rod, suitable for mixing the excavated soil in the soil chamber, the mixing rod comprising:

[0031] Multiple stirring arms, wherein a second improved channel is formed within each stirring arm, and the second improved channel is connected to the agent supply channel;

[0032] The second improved nozzle is located on the stirring arm and is connected to the second improved channel.

[0033] Beneficial effects: The mixing rods installed inside the soil chamber loosen the residual excavated soil in the conical chamber at the entrance of the slag discharge channel, preventing it from accumulating and clumping after shutdown when water is unavailable, thus hindering subsequent tunneling. The second improved nozzle further improves the excavated soil during the mixing process, enhancing its fluidity and ensuring normal tunneling operations.

[0034] In one optional embodiment, the earth pressure balance riser rig further includes:

[0035] The jacking mechanism, located below the tunneling host, is suitable for jacking up the tunneling host and precast pipe sections, and can perform synchronous lining during the tunneling process of the tunneling host.

[0036] Beneficial effects: The jacking mechanism and the reverse pull drive device form a dual drive for the tunneling host, which improves tunneling stability and efficiency. The jacking mechanism can also jack and support precast pipe sections, which facilitates synchronous lining support during the tunneling process.

[0037] In one optional embodiment, the earth pressure balance riser rig further includes a sealing device, the sealing device comprising:

[0038] A starting sleeve is disposed on the outer periphery of the tunneling machine to provide a seal when the tunneling machine starts;

[0039] A receiving sleeve is disposed on the bottom side of the reverse pull drive device to provide a seal when the tunneling host receives the device.

[0040] Beneficial effects: The launching sleeve provides a seal when the tunneling machine starts, and the receiving sleeve provides a seal when the tunneling machine receives, ensuring no water seepage during construction, thus enabling its application in vertical shaft construction in water-rich strata.

[0041] Secondly, the present invention also provides a construction method, employing any one of the earth pressure balance riser drilling rigs described above, the method comprising:

[0042] The reverse pull drive device drives the tunneling machine to tunnel upwards via the drill pipe;

[0043] The earth pressure balance device controls the slag discharge rate and establishes earth pressure balance with the working face;

[0044] The lining device lifts the tunneling machine and precast pipe sections to complete the synchronous lining.

[0045] Beneficial effects: By controlling the slag discharge speed through the earth pressure balance device, balanced slag discharge at the tunnel face can be achieved. During the upward excavation of the tunneling host, the lining device can lift the tunneling host and precast pipe sections, and lining can be carried out simultaneously with excavation. Since the reverse pull drive device is set on the ground, the host occupies less space inside the tunnel. Attached Figure Description

[0046] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments or related technologies of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0047] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an earth pressure balance riser drill according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2This is a structural diagram of a tunneling machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a dual-power pinch valve according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of another earth pressure balance riser drill according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of another tunneling machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of a cutter head according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of a support ring according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the first improvement channel and the cutterhead in a soil improvement device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A magnified view of the local structure;

[0056] Figures 10-14 This is a schematic diagram showing the construction status of each major step in the construction process of the earth pressure balance riser drilling rig according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0058] 100, Tunnel; 200, Ground; 300, Pilot Hole;

[0059] 1. Reverse pull drive device; 2. Drill rod;

[0060] 3. Tunneling main unit; 31. Cutterhead; 311. Cutting tools; 312. First improved nozzle; 32. Conical baffle; 33. Dual-power clamp valve; 331. Pneumatic adjustment mechanism; 3311. Elastic bladder; 3312. Air passage; 332. Manual adjustment mechanism; 3321. Manual wheel; 3322. Connecting rod; 3323. Gate; 34. Support ring; 341. Support spokes; 342. Support seat; 35. Shield body; 36. Connecting shaft; 37. Support body; 38. Sealing ring;

[0061] 4. Slag discharge channel; 5. Jacking mechanism;

[0062] 6. Sealing device; 61. Launching sleeve; 62. Receiving sleeve;

[0063] 7. Pipe section; 8. Slag hopper;

[0064] 9. Stirring rod; 91. Stirring arm; 911. Second improved channel; 912. Second improved nozzle;

[0065] 10. First improved channel; 11. Central shaft; 12. Spline; 13. Bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0066] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0067] In the description of the invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "head," "tail," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0068] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0069] In related technologies, riser drilling rigs are only suitable for stable surrounding rock formations and do not take into account the balance of the working face, making them unsuitable for vertical shaft construction in soft soil formations. Therefore, this invention is proposed.

[0070] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 14 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0071] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in one aspect, such as Figure 1 As shown, an earth pressure balance riser drilling rig is provided, comprising:

[0072] Drill pipe 2;

[0073] Reverse pull drive device 1, suitable for installation at 200 on the ground;

[0074] The tunneling machine 3 includes a shield body 35, a cutterhead 31, and an earth pressure balancing device. The cutterhead 31 is connected to the reverse pull drive device 1 via the drill rod 2. The tunneling machine 3 is adapted to tunnel upward along the pilot hole 300 and discharge slag. The earth pressure balancing device is adapted to control the slag discharge speed and establish a balanced earth pressure with the tunnel face.

[0075] The lining device is capable of synchronous lining during the tunneling process of the tunneling host 3.

[0076] The tunneling main unit 3 of the earth pressure balance (EPB) reverse shaft drilling rig includes an EPB device. During the upward tunneling and slag removal process, the EPB device controls the slag removal speed and establishes balanced earth pressure with the tunnel face. During tunneling, synchronous lining can be performed via a lining device, reducing the risk of collapse even in water-rich soft soil strata. Because the reverse shaft drilling rig of this invention achieves EPB tunneling and synchronous lining support, it can also be applied to vertical shaft excavation in water-rich soft soil strata. Furthermore, the reverse pull drive device 1 is located at ground level 200, and the EPB reverse shaft drilling rig's tunneling main unit 3 is small in size, not occupying excessive internal space in the tunnel 100, enabling vertical shaft excavation to be completed in confined spaces. This invention utilizes EPB slag removal and synchronous shaft lining, reducing ground level 200 settlement and construction risks.

[0077] In some embodiments, Figures 1-3 As shown, the earth pressure balancing device includes:

[0078] The dual-powered clamp valve 33 is used to adjust the size of the slag discharge channel 4; the dual-powered clamp valve 33 includes a manual adjustment mechanism 332 and a pneumatic adjustment mechanism 331.

[0079] A dual-powered clamp valve 33 is installed to adjust the size of the slag discharge channel 4 in a timely manner, establishing earth pressure balance with the working face. This ensures earth pressure balance and prevents collapse accidents caused by ground settlement or excavation face instability, thus guaranteeing the quality of the shaft, construction safety, and project progress. A pneumatic adjustment mechanism 331 is installed for convenient remote automatic control, while a manual adjustment mechanism 332 is installed to manually control the size of the slag discharge channel 4 in rocky strata. This allows the slag discharge channel 4 to be opened wider, preventing pressure buildup and sudden pressure release caused by large rocks not being discharged in time.

[0080] The dual-powered pinch valve 33 can both mechanically close and control the opening of the slag outlet, and can also be filled with gas at a certain pressure, which serves as a backup pressure function, enabling the following operating conditions:

[0081] As the backup pressure α is set, the cutterhead 31 continuously excavates upwards, and the pressure in the soil chamber continuously increases to β. If α > β, the clamp valve closes; otherwise, it opens.

[0082] In related technologies, pinch valves are mostly shut-off valves, but in this invention, the dual-power pinch valve 33 can be used as a balancing valve.

[0083] In some embodiments, the pneumatic adjustment mechanism 331 includes:

[0084] Gas source, providing driving gas;

[0085] The elastic bag 3311 is retractably installed in the slag discharge channel 4 and is connected to the air source through the air passage 3312; the elastic bag 3311 has a first state of being inflated to close the slag discharge channel 4, and a second state of being elastically retracted to open the slag discharge channel 4.

[0086] When it is necessary to close the slag discharge channel 4, air is inflated into the elastic bag 3311 to expand it and close the slag discharge channel 4; when it is necessary to discharge slag, the air is stopped, and the elastic bag 3311 retracts under its own rebound, thereby opening the slag discharge channel 4. The pneumatic method has a fast response speed and makes it easy to close and open the slag discharge channel 4.

[0087] Specifically, the elastic bag 3311 can be a rubber bag. The rubber bag is connected to an air source, and under air pressure, it can extend radially along the slag discharge channel 4 to close the slag discharge channel. The dual-power clamp valve 33 has a dual-power configuration, which can select the appropriate slag discharge method according to the particle size of the slag in the stratum. If the slag discharge is mainly composed of small particles such as silt and mud, a balanced slag discharge method with air source backup pressure is selected; if the slag discharge is mainly composed of larger particles such as pebbles and gravel, a mechanical method is selected to dynamically adjust the size of the slag discharge channel.

[0088] In some embodiments, the manual adjustment mechanism 332 includes:

[0089] Manual wheel 3321 is located on the outside of slag discharge channel 4;

[0090] The transmission rod, the power input end of the transmission rod is connected to the manual wheel 3321 for transmission;

[0091] Gate 3323 is connected to the power output end of the transmission rod; the two gates 3323 can move towards each other or away from each other under the drive of the transmission rod, so as to change the flow area of ​​the slag discharge channel 4.

[0092] The manual wheel 3321 is connected to the gate 3323 via a transmission rod. When encountering rocky strata where large rocks cannot pass through and cause blockage, rotating the manual wheel 3321 causes the gate 3323 to move away from the blockage, increasing the area of ​​the slag discharge channel 4. The blocked rocks are then discharged under gravity. The manual adjustment mechanism 332 allows for flexible adjustment of the flow area of ​​the slag discharge channel 4 as needed, avoiding the pressure buildup and sudden pressure release issues that can occur with relying solely on the pneumatic adjustment mechanism 331.

[0093] It should be noted that in rocky strata, if relying solely on the pneumatic adjustment mechanism 331, when the slag discharge channel 4 is slightly opened, seepage water and small particles of slag will be discharged, reducing the pressure in the soil chamber, and causing the elastic bag 3311 to close. Since large rocks are not discharged, the pressure will increase again, and the elastic bag 3311 will reopen. However, the opening will be insufficient to allow rocks to be discharged from the bag opening; only water and small-diameter slag will be discharged. After this cycle continues for a period, large rocks accumulate, and the pressure in the soil chamber gradually increases. When a high pressure value is reached, the elastic bag 3311 will suddenly be forced open, rocks will be ejected, and pressure will suddenly be released. This unstable working condition needs to be avoided during construction. Therefore, a manual adjustment mechanism 332 is installed. In rocky strata, the air can be reduced initially, and the opening of the slag discharge channel 4 can be controlled mechanically, i.e., by the manual adjustment mechanism 332, under low pressure. When the pressure is unbalanced, the gate 3323 can be manually opened to discharge large rocks, and then the gate 3323 can be closed. This operation is more flexible. Of course, the pneumatic adjustment mechanism 331 can also be completely shut off, and the opening size can be controlled solely by the manual adjustment mechanism 332.

[0094] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the earth pressure balancing device includes a screw conveyor.

[0095] Slag is transported and discharged using a screw conveyor. The discharge speed can be controlled by adjusting the speed of the screw conveyor, establishing earth pressure balance with the working face, and ensuring construction quality and progress.

[0096] In some embodiments, the earth pressure balancing device includes a screw conveyor and a clamp valve, wherein the slag discharge channel is located inside the screw shaft of the screw conveyor, and the clamp valve is located at the screw shaft.

[0097] In some embodiments, such as Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the earth pressure balance riser rig also includes a soil conditioning device, which includes:

[0098] A feed channel is axially connected to the drill pipe 2 and is suitable for supplying modifier;

[0099] The first improved channel 10 is located on the back side of the cutter head 31 and is connected to the agent supply channel;

[0100] The first improved nozzle 312 is distributed on the surface of the cutter head 31 and is connected to the improved channel. See [link / reference]. Figure 6 .

[0101] The soil improvement device supplies soil improver to the first improvement channel 10 through the supply channel on the drill rod 2. The first improvement nozzle 312 is set on the cutterhead 31. During the cutting process of the cutterhead 31, the soil improver is sprayed out from the first improvement nozzle 312 and injected directly into the front of the cutterhead 31 to improve the soil improvement effect, increase the fluidity of the soil, and facilitate earth pressure balance tunneling.

[0102] like Figures 5-7 As shown, a support ring 34 for the shield body 35 is provided on the bottom side of the cutter head 31, and the cutter head 31 includes a plurality of cutters 311.

[0103] In some embodiments, the earth pressure balance riser rig further includes a mixing rod 9 disposed at the bottom end of the drill rod 2 and adapted to mix the excavated soil in the soil chamber. The mixing rod 9 includes:

[0104] Multiple stirring arms 91, with a second improved channel 911 formed inside the stirring arm 91, the second improved channel 911 being connected to the agent supply channel;

[0105] The second improved nozzle 912 is located on the stirring arm 91 and is connected to the second improved channel 911.

[0106] A mixing rod 9 is installed inside the soil chamber. This rod can loosen the remaining slag in the conical chamber at the inlet of the slag discharge channel 4, preventing the slag from settling and caking into lumps in the conical chamber after shutdown when there is no water, thus affecting the next tunneling operation. The second improved nozzle 912 can improve the slag during the mixing process, increase its fluidity, and ensure normal tunneling operations.

[0107] In some embodiments, the earth pressure balance riser rig further includes:

[0108] The jacking mechanism 5 is located below the tunneling host 3 and is suitable for jacking up the tunneling host 3 and the precast pipe section 7. It can perform synchronous lining during the tunneling process of the tunneling host 3.

[0109] The jacking mechanism 5 and the reverse pull drive device 1 form a dual drive for the tunneling host 3, which improves tunneling stability and efficiency. The jacking mechanism 5 can also jack and support the precast pipe section 7, which facilitates synchronous lining support during the tunneling process.

[0110] Specifically, the jacking mechanism 5 includes a jacking cylinder, which is installed inside the tunnel 100.

[0111] In some embodiments, the earth pressure balance riser rig further includes a sealing device 6, which comprises:

[0112] The launching sleeve 61 is located on the outer periphery of the tunneling host 3 and provides a seal when the tunneling host 3 is launched;

[0113] The receiving sleeve 62 is located on the bottom side of the reverse pull drive device 1 and provides a seal when the tunneling host 3 receives the material.

[0114] Water-rich soft soil strata refer to geological units composed of soft soil with high natural water content, large void ratio, and extremely low shear strength, which are rich in groundwater. Compared with soft soil strata, the presence of groundwater exacerbates structural instability and engineering risks. Therefore, a launching sleeve 61 is installed to provide a seal when the tunneling machine 3 starts, and a receiving sleeve 62 is installed to provide a seal when the tunneling machine 3 receives the soil, ensuring no water seepage during construction, thus enabling its application in shaft construction in water-rich strata.

[0115] like Figures 1-9 As shown, the present invention provides an earth pressure balance riser drilling rig, comprising:

[0116] The reverse pull drive device 1 is placed on the ground 200, providing the main excavation force and driving the cutterhead 31 to rotate;

[0117] Drill pipe 2;

[0118] The tunneling machine 3 includes a cutterhead 31, a shield 35, and a dual-powered clamp valve 33. The cutterhead 31 is connected to the drill rod 2 and installed inside the machine to cut the tunnel face. The shield 35 provides a mounting platform for the cutterhead 31 and the dual-powered clamp valve 33, and provides temporary support for safe tunneling. The dual-powered clamp valve 33 is installed inside the tunneling machine 3 and connected to the soil chamber. It can be closed by either air supply or mechanical means.

[0119] The jacking cylinder is placed inside the main tunnel 100 to lift the tunneling host 3 and the pipe section 7 upward for tunneling;

[0120] The sealing device 6 includes a launching sleeve 61 and a receiving sleeve 62, with a tail brush installed inside. It provides a seal when the tunneling host 3 launches and receives, ensuring construction safety.

[0121] It should be noted that before using the earth pressure balance riser drilling rig of the present invention, a crawler drilling rig is used to excavate the pilot hole 300 from bottom to top inside the main tunnel 100. Both the excavation and reception of the pilot hole 300 are equipped with sealing devices 6 to ensure the safety of initiation and reception in water-rich soft strata.

[0122] After the pilot hole 300 is excavated, the reverse pull drive device 1 is installed and positioned at ground level 200. Inside the main tunnel 100, the tunneling machine 3, the jacking cylinder, the launching sleeve 61, etc., are installed and positioned. The reverse pull drive device 1 drives the cutterhead 31 to rotate through the drill rod 2, and tunnels upward under the action of the reverse pull force. The cut excavated soil is collected by the conical baffle 32, and the soil discharge speed is controlled by establishing a balanced earth pressure with the working face through the dual-power clamp valve 33. The jacking cylinder provides the thrust for the main machine and the pipe section 7 to move upward.

[0123] The reverse-pull drive device 1 drives the main excavator upwards via drill rod 2, cutting through the soil; the excavated soil falls under gravity from inside the main excavator into the slag hopper 8 and is discharged outside the tunnel. The jacking cylinder pushes the pipe section 7 upwards along with the main excavator, providing synchronous lining for the vertical shaft. Inside the main tunnel 100, both the main excavator and pipe section 7 are excavated upwards under the seal of the launching sleeve 61 to ensure construction safety. After the main excavator reaches the ground surface 200, it is received under pressure using the receiving sleeve 62 to prevent mud and water from gushing out.

[0124] like Figure 2 As shown, the tunneling machine 3 includes a connecting shaft 36, a cutterhead 31, a support ring 34, a conical baffle 32, and a shield 35. The connecting shaft 36 is installed on the support ring 34 inside the shield 35 and is fixedly connected to the drill rod 2. It forms a gear pair with the cutterhead 31 through a spline 12. Under the action of the reverse pull drive device 1, it drives the cutterhead 31 to rotate and provides part of the propulsion force for the machine to tunnel upward through the support ring 34. The drill rod 2 has a hole (supply channel) in the middle that is connected to the first improvement nozzle 312 of the cutterhead 31, which can continuously inject improvement agent from the ground 200 to the front of the cutterhead 31 to continuously improve the original soil. The improved slag flows into the dual-power clamp valve 33 through the conical baffle 32. The dual-power clamp valve 33 can be internally pressurized to continuously adjust the size of the slag discharge channel 4 and regularly discharge the slag to ensure the dynamic balance between the soil pressure in the soil chamber and the working face.

[0125] like Figures 10-14 As shown, the earth pressure balance construction process is as follows:

[0126] like Figure 10 As shown, the crawler drilling rig or the reverse pull drive device 1 is positioned and installed, and the pipe section 7 is broken and the pilot hole 300 is excavated. The reverse pull drive device 1 can also be used when excavating the pilot hole 300. Compared with the reverse pull drive device 1 being set on the ground 200 for earth pressure balance slag removal, it is just an inverted installation.

[0127] Drill upwards, and the drill rod 2, under the action of the starting sleeve 61, performs mud and water discharge;

[0128] like Figure 11 As shown, the pilot hole of 300 mm was drilled and received using a closed sleeve.

[0129] like Figure 12 As shown, the reverse pull drive device 1 is positioned on the ground 200 and connected to the drill rod 2; inside the main tunnel 100, the tunneling host 3 is connected to the drill rod 2 and tunnels upward;

[0130] like Figure 13 As shown, the shaft is completed, and the tunneling machine 3 reaches 200 meters above the ground, where it is received using a semi-enclosed sleeve.

[0131] like Figure 14 As shown, the upper part of the tunneling machine 3 is removed, and the machine continues to push upward to complete the lining installation.

[0132] Compared with related technologies, the earth pressure balance riser drilling rig of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0133] 1) The reverse pull drive device 1 of the present invention is placed on the ground 200, which optimizes the functional configuration of the host and reduces the equipment's requirement for the internal space of the tunnel 100;

[0134] 2) The dual-power clamp valve 33 constructs a balanced tunneling system inside tunnel 100, eliminating the need for large-area grouting reinforcement and reducing construction risks;

[0135] 3) The cutterhead 31 with built-in improved channels improves the soil improvement effect and reduces ground settlement by 200 mm;

[0136] 4) In municipal shafts, the lining is mostly made of concrete pipe sections 7, which have a large structural weight. The riser drilling rigs in related technologies cannot assemble and advance the lining, and cannot achieve synchronous lining. However, the present invention adopts a dual power configuration of reverse pull drive device 1 and push cylinder, which can directly use prefabricated pipe sections 7 for lining and synchronous lining during shaft construction.

[0137] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in another aspect, a construction method using an earth pressure balance riser drilling rig is also provided, the method comprising:

[0138] The reverse pull drive device 1 drives the tunneling host 3 to tunnel upwards via the drill rod 2;

[0139] The earth pressure balance device controls the slag discharge rate and establishes earth pressure balance with the working face;

[0140] The lining device lifts the tunneling main unit 3 and the precast pipe section 7 to complete the synchronous lining.

[0141] The slag discharge speed is controlled by the earth pressure balance device to achieve balanced slag discharge at the tunnel face. During the upward tunneling process of the tunneling host 3, the lining device can lift the tunneling host 3 and the precast pipe section 7, and lining is carried out simultaneously with tunneling. Since the reverse pull drive device 1 is set at the ground 200, the host occupies less internal space in the tunnel 100.

[0142] The earth pressure balance (EPB) riser rig of this invention overcomes the problem that riser rigs cannot use EPB excavation in soft soil strata, achieving balanced muck removal at the tunnel face. Furthermore, it occupies minimal internal space within the tunnel, has a simple equipment configuration, simplifies the placement of the underground main unit system, reduces the starting space requirements of the underground main unit, and effectively improves the underground operating environment. This invention is particularly suitable for vertical shaft excavation in water-rich soft soil strata in urban municipal projects.

[0143] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by this application.

Claims

1. An earth pressure balance type raised shaft drilling rig, characterized in that, include: Drill pipe (2); A reverse pull drive device (1) is suitable for installation on the ground (200); The tunneling machine (3) includes a shield (35), a cutterhead (31) and an earth pressure balancing device. The cutterhead (31) is connected to the reverse pull drive device (1) via the drill rod (2). The tunneling machine (3) is adapted to tunnel upward along the pilot hole (300) and discharge slag. The earth pressure balancing device is adapted to control the slag discharge speed and establish a balanced earth pressure with the tunnel face. The lining device is capable of synchronous lining during the tunneling process of the tunneling host (3); The earth pressure balancing device includes: A dual-powered clamp valve (33) is used to adjust the size of the slag discharge channel (4); the dual-powered clamp valve (33) includes a manual adjustment mechanism (332) and a pneumatic adjustment mechanism (331); the manual adjustment mechanism (332) includes: Manual wheel (3321) is located on the outside of the slag discharge channel (4); A transmission rod, the power input end of which is connected to the manual wheel (3321) in a transmission manner; The gate (3323) is connected to the power output end of the transmission rod; the two gates (3323) can move towards each other or away from each other under the drive of the transmission rod to change the flow area of ​​the slag discharge channel (4); The earth pressure balance riser also includes a soil improvement device, which includes: A feed channel is provided axially through the drill pipe (2) and is suitable for supplying modifier; The first improved channel (10) is located on the back side of the cutter head (31) and is connected to the agent supply channel; The first improved nozzle (312) is distributed on the surface of the cutter head (31) and is connected to the first improved channel (10).

2. The earth pressure balance type raised drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pneumatic adjustment mechanism (331) includes: Gas source, providing driving gas; The elastic bag (3311) is retractably disposed in the slag discharge channel (4) and connected to the air source; the elastic bag (3311) has a first state of being inflated to close the slag discharge channel (4) and a second state of elastically retracting to open the slag discharge channel (4).

3. The earth pressure balance type raised drilling rig according to claim 1, characterized in that, The earth pressure balancing device includes a screw conveyor.

4. The earth pressure balance raised drilling rig according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, It also includes a mixing rod (9) disposed at the bottom end of the drill rod (2) and suitable for mixing the slag in the soil chamber, the mixing rod (9) comprising: Multiple stirring arms (91), wherein a second improved channel (911) is formed within the stirring arm (91), and the second improved channel (911) is connected to the agent supply channel; The second improved nozzle (912) is located on the stirring arm (91) and is connected to the second improved channel (911).

5. The earth pressure balance riser drilling rig according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The lining device includes: The jacking mechanism (5) is located below the tunneling host (3) and is suitable for jacking the tunneling host (3) and the precast pipe section (7).

6. The earth pressure balance raised drilling rig according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, It also includes a sealing device (6), which comprises: The starting sleeve (61) is disposed on the outer periphery of the tunneling host (3) and provides a seal when the tunneling host (3) starts; A receiving sleeve (62) is disposed on the bottom side of the reverse pull drive device (1) to provide a seal when the tunneling host (3) receives it.

7. A construction method, characterized in that, Construction using an earth pressure balance riser drilling rig as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, the method comprising: The reverse pull drive device (1) drives the tunneling host (3) to tunnel upward through the drill rod (2); The earth pressure balance device controls the slag discharge rate and establishes earth pressure balance with the working face; The lining device lifts the tunneling host (3) and the precast pipe section (7) to complete the synchronous lining.

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