Flexible conveying and separating device of rhizome harvesting machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a flexible conveying and separating device of a rhizome harvesting machine, and particularly relates to the technical field of agricultural machines. Comprising two transmission chain wheels, a transmission rotating shaft is arranged between the two transmission chain wheels in a penetrating mode, and the two transmission chain wheels are symmetrically arranged on the transmission rotating shaft; a driven rotating shaft is arranged between the two driven chain wheels in a penetrating mode, and the two driven chain wheels are symmetrically arranged on the driven rotating shaft; the two chains are respectively connected between the transmission chain wheel and the driven chain wheel on the same side; the multiple supporting rods are connected between the two chains in an inserted mode; and the two non-circular chain wheels are arranged between the transmission chain wheel and the driven chain wheel on the same side, and a first rotating shaft is connected between the two non-circular chain wheels. By the adoption of the technical scheme, the problem that when an existing conveying and separating device is used for separating the rhizome crops, the skin of the rhizome crops is prone to being damaged is solved, the separation cost of the rhizome crops is reduced, and the quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a flexible conveying and separating device for a root and tuber harvesting machine. Background Art

[0002] my country is a major producer of root crops, with their cultivation covering a wide range of regions. These include tubers and various Chinese medicinal herbs. Tubers include sweet potatoes and potatoes, while Chinese medicinal herbs include Pinellia ternata, Fritillaria cirrhosa, Panax notoginseng, and Polygonatum sibiricum. Root crops offer high overall economic value and can quickly boost farmers' incomes, leading to an increasing planting area in recent years.

[0003] Currently, the main methods for harvesting root crops in my country are mechanical, manual, or a combination of manual and mechanical harvesting. The conveying and separation device is a core component of root and tuber harvesters. Its performance directly impacts the quality of harvesting. Currently, the main types include mesh belt conveyors, scraper conveyors, roller conveyors, and elevator chains. The elevator chain structure is currently the most commonly used and is generally composed of multiple rods and chains.

[0004] Since the conveying and separation device grows underground and needs to be dug, it is inevitable that a large amount of soil will be generated during the conveying and lifting process, making it difficult to separate the crops from the soil. In order to improve the separation efficiency of root crops, a shaker is generally added to the conveying and separation device. The shakers of existing conveying and separation devices are mostly passive shakers, mostly using double-headed and triple-headed shaking wheels with high vibration frequency and large amplitude, which will cause root crops to fall back and damage the epidermis, affecting the quality of the crops and reducing economic benefits. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a conveying and separation device that can avoid damaging root crops. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a flexible conveying and separating device for a root and tuber harvesting machine, which solves the problem that the existing conveying and separating devices easily cause damage to the epidermis of root and tuber crops when separating the root and tuber crops.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A flexible conveying and separating device for a root and tuber harvesting machine, comprising:

[0007] Two transmission sprockets, a transmission shaft passing through the two transmission sprockets, and the two transmission sprockets are symmetrically arranged on the transmission shaft;

[0008] Two driven sprockets, a driven rotating shaft is passed through the two driven sprockets, and the two driven sprockets are symmetrically arranged on the driven rotating shaft;

[0009] Two chains, the two chains are respectively connected between the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket on the same side;

[0010] Multiple support rods, multiple support rods are inserted at the same position of the two chains; all the support rods are arranged between the two chains;

[0011] Two non-circular sprockets are respectively arranged between the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket on the same side, each non-circular sprocket is matched with a corresponding chain, and a first rotating shaft is connected between the two non-circular sprockets.

[0012] Furthermore, the non-circular sprocket is elliptical in shape, and the tooth top profile of the non-circular sprocket is an outer constant-amplitude curve of the dividing profile.

[0013] This arrangement, leveraging the varying lengths of the major and minor axes of the ellipse, allows the chain and support rod to fluctuate within a certain range, increasing the up-and-down oscillation of soil aggregates and thereby separating the tuber crops from the soil. The elliptical sprocket tooth top design, with its external constant-amplitude curve, effectively reduces the impact of the engagement of the chain and support rod with the elliptical sprocket, extending the device's service life and enabling flexible separation of tubers from soil aggregates.

[0014] Furthermore, the distance between two adjacent tooth grooves of the non-circular sprocket is equal to the chain pitch and the distance between the centers of two adjacent support rods.

[0015] With the above settings, the difference between the major and minor axis lengths represents the jitter, which directly quantifies the jitter amplitude of the device. This ensures precise meshing of the non-circular sprocket teeth with the chain rollers or bars, and controls the mechanical vibration magnitude by adjusting the ovality parameter.

[0016] Furthermore, the central axes of the non-circular sprocket and the supporting sprocket are not on the plane where the central axes of the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket shafts are fixed.

[0017] Through the above arrangement, the non-circular sprocket and the supporting sprocket of the device play a role of supporting the middle part of the chain, avoiding interference between the tensioned part of the upper part of the chain and the loose part of the lower part, and improving the stability and reliability of the operation of the device.

[0018] Furthermore, the driving sprocket, the non-circular sprocket, the driven sprocket and the supporting sprocket have the same shape and size, and the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket have different sizes.

[0019] Through the above arrangement, if a single chain of the device fails, the other chain can still maintain basic operation. The synergistic effect of the double chains is conducive to buffering vibrations and can reduce impact loads under dynamic working conditions.

[0020] Furthermore, the inner side of each chain is pressed against a supporting sprocket, and the center of each supporting sprocket is provided with a second rotating shaft.

[0021] Through the above arrangement, a supporting force can be provided for the chain, thereby reducing chain sagging, thereby reducing wear and noise.

[0022] Furthermore, the non-circular sprocket is located at a lower middle position of the conveying and separating device; and the supporting sprocket is located at an upper middle position of the conveying and separating device.

[0023] Through the above arrangement, the installation position of the non-circular sprocket enables the material to be dispersed in time during the initial conveying stage, breaking the initial agglomeration state of the material and greatly improving the separation efficiency.

[0024] Compared with the existing technology, this solution has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. This solution provides a flexible conveying and separation device for a root and tuber harvesting machine, which uses a non-circular sprocket to achieve the shaking of the support rod. It can not only screen out a large amount of soil, but also achieve flexible shaking. The conveying and separation efficiency is high and the damage to crops is small, thus solving the problem that the existing conveying and separation device easily causes damage to the skin of root and tuber crops when separating them.

[0026] 2. The non-circular sprocket of this solution is driven by a chain when working, and no additional chain is needed for transmission. The transmission structure is simple and the manufacturing cost is low.

[0027] 3. The non-circular sprocket of this scheme is elliptical, and the chain is in close contact with the non-circular sprocket due to its own weight. Its shaking is flexible shaking, which reduces the impact when the shaker contacts the rod, improves the durability of the support rod, reduces the chance of damage and deformation of the support rod, and increases the service life of the support rod.

[0028] 4. In this solution, the tooth groove spacing between two adjacent teeth of the non-circular sprocket is equal to the chain pitch and the support rod spacing. Non-circular sprockets of different sizes can be selected according to different chain pitches, lifting rod spacing, and the major and minor axes of the ellipse to achieve different vibration amplitude effects of the dither. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is an axonometric view of a flexible conveying and separating device for a root and tuber harvesting machine according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is an axonometric view of a flexible conveying and separating device for a root and tuber harvesting machine according to the present invention (without a baffle);

[0031] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the simplified structure of the non-circular sprocket in this embodiment;

[0032] Figure 4 This is an axonometric view of the transmission structure of a flexible conveying and separating device for a root and tuber harvesting machine according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5Schematic diagram of the working principle of the non-circular sprocket in this embodiment.

[0034] The reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: transmission sprocket 1, transmission shaft 2, driven sprocket 3, driven shaft 4, chain 5, support sprocket 6, second rotating shaft 7, support rod 8, non-circular sprocket 9, first rotating shaft 10, baffle 11. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments:

[0036] Example

[0037] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a flexible conveying and separating device for a root and tuber harvesting machine comprises:

[0038] Two transmission sprockets 1, each of which has a first through hole in its center, a transmission shaft 2 passing through the two first through holes, the two transmission sprockets 1 are symmetrically arranged on the transmission shaft 2, and both ends of the transmission shaft 2 are fixed to the baffle 11 through bearings with bearing seats.

[0039] Two driven sprockets 3, each of which has a second through hole in its center, a driven rotating shaft 4 passing through the two second through holes, the two driven sprockets 3 are symmetrically arranged on the driven rotating shaft 4, and both ends of the driven rotating shaft 4 are fixed to the baffle through bearings with bearing seats.

[0040] Two chains 5 are respectively wrapped between the drive sprocket 1 and the driven sprocket 3 on the same side. Each drive sprocket 1 and its corresponding driven sprocket 3 are located on either side of the chain 5. In this embodiment, each chain 5 is supported on its inner side by a carrier sprocket 6, each located between the non-circular sprocket 9 and the drive sprocket 1. A third through-hole is defined in the center of each carrier sprocket 6, and a second rotating shaft 7 is inserted through each third through-hole. Because the chains 5 are in close contact with the non-circular sprocket 9 under their own weight, their vibration is flexible, reducing the impact of the vibrator contacting the support rod 8, improving the durability of the support rod 8, and reducing the chance of damage and deformation, thereby increasing its service life.

[0041] Multiple support rods 8 are inserted at the same position of the two chains 5; all support rods 8 are arranged between the two chains 5;

[0042] Two non-circular sprockets 9 are respectively arranged between the driving sprocket 1 and the driven sprocket 3 on the same side. Each non-circular sprocket 9 is matched with the corresponding chain 5. A fourth through hole is opened in the center of each non-circular sprocket 9, and a first rotating shaft 10 is passed through the two fourth through holes. In this embodiment, the non-circular sprocket 9 is elliptical in shape, and the tooth top profile of the non-circular sprocket 9 is an outer constant amplitude curve of the indexing profile. By virtue of the geometric eccentricity of the non-circular sprocket 9, periodic variable speed motion can be achieved in the chain 5 transmission. The tooth top design of the outer constant amplitude curve can effectively reduce the meshing impact and extend the service life of the device. The spacing between adjacent tooth grooves of the non-circular sprocket 9 is equal to the pitch of the chain 5. Through the above arrangement, the non-circular sprocket 9 and the chain 5 have good meshing effect and smooth transmission. The number of teeth of the non-circular sprocket 9 can be changed when the jitter amount and the pitch of the chain 5 are the same. The non-circular sprockets 9 with different numbers of teeth will be different in size, so the non-circular sprockets 9 with the appropriate number of teeth can be selected according to the actual space limitations and layout requirements to achieve a compact structural design and better adapt to different installation environments. At the same time, the difference between the length of the major axis and the minor axis on the non-circular sprocket 9 is the jitter amount. The mathematical relationship between the difference between the major axis a and the minor axis b (ΔL=2a-2b) directly quantifies the system jitter amplitude. Assuming that the difference in the length of the major axis a and the minor axis b is the jitter amount c, it determines the jitter amplitude. The non-circular sprocket 9 is located in the lower middle part of the conveying and separating device; the supporting sprocket 6 is located in the upper middle part of the conveying and separating device. In this embodiment, the non-circular sprocket 9 and the supporting sprocket 6 play a role in supporting the chain 5 in the middle, avoiding the interference between the tensioned part of the upper part of the chain 5 and the loose part of the lower part, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the operation of the device.

[0043] In this embodiment, the central axes of the non-circular sprocket 9 and the carrier sprocket 6 are not located on the plane where the central axes of the shafts of the drive sprocket 1 and the driven sprocket 3 are fixed. The drive sprocket 1, the non-circular sprocket 9, the driven sprocket 3, and the carrier sprocket 6 are of the same shape and size, while the drive sprocket 1 and the driven sprocket 3 are of different sizes.

[0044] The working process of this embodiment is as follows:

[0045] In the present invention, the transmission shaft 2 on the transmission sprocket 1 serves as the rotation center O1. An external drive motor drives the transmission shaft 2 to rotate. The rotation of the transmission shaft 2 drives the chain 5, the driven sprocket 3, and the non-circular sprocket 9 through the transmission sprocket 1. At this time, the non-circular sprocket 9 and the driven sprocket 3 move clockwise. The rotation center of the non-circular sprocket 9 is O2, and the rotation center of the driven sprocket 3 is O3. The angular velocity of the transmission sprocket 1 is ω1, the angular velocity of the non-circular sprocket 9 is ω2, and the angular velocity of the driven sprocket 3 is ω3. The transmission sprocket 1, the non-circular sprocket 9, and the driven sprocket 3 are tangent to the pitch line of the chain 5 at C1, C2, and C3, respectively. For the tensioning edge, the drive sprocket 1, non-circular sprocket 9, driven sprocket 3, and chain 5 pitch line are in pure rolling motion. Without the non-circular sprocket 9 structure, since the chain 5 cannot expand or contract during transmission, the speeds of each point on the chain 5 between points C1 and C2 are equal and along the direction of the chain 5, that is, V1 and V2 are equal. After the non-circular sprocket 9 rotates, the speed V3 at the point of contact between the non-circular sprocket 9 and the chain 5 continuously changes in magnitude along the direction of the chain 5, and the speed component perpendicular to the chain 5 continuously changes in magnitude and direction. Furthermore, the chain 5's own weight is in close contact with the non-circular sprocket 9, thus achieving flexible vibration.

[0046] The present invention can set different spacings between the support rods 8 according to different root crops, thereby expanding the scope of application of the present solution.

[0047] The above are only embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge such as the specific structure and / or characteristics of the scheme are not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several variations and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A flexible conveying and separating device for a root vegetable harvesting machine, characterized in that: include: Two transmission sprockets (1), a transmission shaft (2) passing through the two transmission sprockets (1), and the two transmission sprockets (1) are symmetrically arranged on the transmission shaft (2); Two driven sprockets (3), a driven rotating shaft (4) is provided between the two driven sprockets (3), and the two driven sprockets (3) are symmetrically arranged on the driven rotating shaft (4); Two chains (5), the two chains (5) are respectively connected between the driving sprocket (1) and the driven sprocket (3) on the same side; A plurality of support rods (8), wherein the plurality of support rods (8) are inserted at the same position of the two chains (5); all the support rods (8) are arranged between the two chains (5); Two non-circular sprockets (9) are respectively arranged between a driving sprocket (1) and a driven sprocket (3) on the same side, each non-circular sprocket (9) is matched with a corresponding chain (5), and a first rotating shaft (10) is connected between the two non-circular sprockets (9).

2. The flexible conveying and separating device for a root vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The non-circular sprocket (9) is elliptical in shape, and the tooth top profile of the non-circular sprocket (9) is an outer constant-amplitude curve of the indexing profile.

3. The flexible conveying and separating device for a root vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distance between two adjacent tooth grooves of the non-circular sprocket (9) is equal to the pitch of the chain (5) and the distance between the centers of two adjacent support rods.

4. The flexible conveying and separating device for a root vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central axes of the non-circular sprocket (9) and the supporting sprocket (6) are not on the plane where the central axes of the shafts of the driving sprocket (1) and the driven sprocket (3) are fixed.

5. The flexible conveying and separating device for a root vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving sprocket (1), the non-circular sprocket (9), the driven sprocket (3) and the supporting sprocket (6) are of the same shape and size, while the driving sprocket (1) and the driven sprocket (3) are of different sizes.

6. A flexible conveying and separating device for a root vegetable harvester according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The inner side of each chain (5) is pressed against a supporting sprocket (6), and the center of each supporting sprocket (6) is provided with a second rotating shaft (7).

7. A flexible conveying and separating device for a root vegetable harvester according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The non-circular sprocket (9) is located at a position slightly below the middle of the conveying and separating device; and the supporting sprocket (6) is located at a position slightly above the middle of the conveying and separating device.

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